阅读说明：本技术 载车平台异形曲面共形阵天线设计方法 (Method for designing vehicle-carrying platform special-shaped curved surface conformal array antenna ) 是由 杨龙 周文涛 刘田 仇三山 曾富华 于 2020-06-29 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明公开的一种载车平台异形曲面共形阵天线设计方法,旨在提供一种可显著降低阵列高度,能够实现车载平台下全空域测控通信的天线设计方法。本发明通过下述技术方案实现：根据抛物球柱面异形曲面阵列流型,建立xyz三维直角坐标系,将异形曲面共形阵列流型分为抛物面部分、部分球面部分和柱面部分,抛物面下部采用圆弧过渡连接柱面,得到抛物球柱面构成的异形曲面阵列流型；在异形曲面阵列流型的基础上,按照天线子阵内天线单元半波长均匀排布的规则构建天线子阵,建立基于曲面子阵级的异形曲面天线阵列；然后以曲面子阵作为基本单元,将天线子阵排布到异形曲面共形阵上,按照等面积区域中心排布规则,得到基于曲面子阵级的异形曲面天线阵列。(The invention discloses a method for designing a vehicle-mounted platform special-shaped curved surface conformal array antenna, and aims to provide an antenna design method which can obviously reduce the array height and can realize full airspace measurement and control communication under a vehicle-mounted platform. The invention is realized by the following technical scheme: establishing an xyz three-dimensional rectangular coordinate system according to the flow pattern of the parabolic cylinder special-shaped curved surface array, dividing the special-shaped curved surface conformal array flow pattern into a paraboloid part, a partial spherical part and a cylindrical part, and connecting the cylindrical part with the lower part of the paraboloid by adopting circular arc transition to obtain the special-shaped curved surface array flow pattern formed by the parabolic cylinder; on the basis of the special-shaped curved surface array flow pattern, an antenna sub-array is constructed according to the rule that the half-wavelength of antenna units in the antenna sub-array is uniformly distributed, and a special-shaped curved surface antenna array based on a curved surface sub-array level is established; and then, taking the curved surface subarrays as basic units, arranging the antenna subarrays on the special-shaped curved surface conformal array, and obtaining the special-shaped curved surface antenna array based on the curved surface subarray level according to the arrangement rule of the centers of the equal-area areas.)

1. A method for designing a vehicle-carrying platform special-shaped curved surface conformal array antenna is characterized by comprising the following steps: dividing the special-shaped curved surface conformal array flow pattern into a paraboloid part, a partial spherical part and a cylindrical part according to the special-shaped curved surface array flow pattern of the parabolic cylinder, establishing an xyz three-dimensional rectangular coordinate system at the azimuth angle phi of each layer in the pitching direction of 0 degrees, constructing the special-shaped curved surface conformal array formed by the parabolic cylinder, wherein the top of the spherical part is the paraboloid part and is the first layer, the lower part of the paraboloid is the partial spherical part which is connected with the cylindrical surface in a circular arc transition manner, and the paraboloid part is divided into N from top to bottom_1θiLayer, spherical part from upper spherical first layer to lower part N_2θiLayers, the cylindrical portions extending from the upper cylindrical first layer to the lower N_3θiLayering to obtain a special-shaped curved surface array flow pattern formed by the cylindrical surface of the parabolic sphere; on the basis of the special-shaped curved surface array flow pattern, an antenna sub-array is constructed according to the rule that the half-wavelength of antenna units in the antenna sub-array is uniformly distributed, and a special-shaped curved surface antenna array based on a curved surface sub-array level is established; then, taking the curved surface subarrays as basic units, arranging the antenna subarrays on the special-shaped curved surface conformal array, and obtaining the special-shaped curved surface antenna array based on the curved surface subarray level according to the arrangement rule of the equal-area centers on the basis of the established special-shaped curved surface array flow pattern, wherein N is_1θi，N_2θi，N_3θiIs a mathematical code.

2. The method for designing the vehicle-carrying platform special-shaped curved surface conformal array antenna according to claim 1, is characterized in that: establishing coordinates of the special-shaped curved surface conformal antenna array with the working frequency f being 1.9GHz-2.5GHz, and dividing the special-shaped curved surface conformal antenna array flow pattern into a paraboloid part, a partial spherical part and a cylindrical part: according to the wavelength lambda, the cylindrical surface height of the cylindrical surface part is h2, h2 is 7.2 lambda, the height of the paraboloidal surface part is h0, h0 is 0.75 lambda, the height of the partial spherical surface part is h1, the spherical surface height is h1 is 6.8 lambda, the spherical surface height reduction ratio alpha is 0.82, and h0+ h1 is 7.55 lambda is alpha r 0.

3. The method for designing the vehicle-carrying platform special-shaped curved surface conformal array antenna according to claim 2, is characterized in that: the paraboloidal part is a paraboloid of revolution, and a generatrix corresponding to the paraboloidal part is determined by the following calculation formula: the partial spherical part is a rotating spherical surface, and a generatrix corresponding to the partial spherical part is determined by the following calculation formula: wherein Z represents a coordinate of a generatrix of the paraboloid along the Z-axis direction, Y represents a coordinate of a generatrix of the spherical surface along the Y-axis direction, p represents a focal point of the paraboloid, h0 is a height of the paraboloid part, h1 is a height of the spherical surface, α is a reduction ratio of the height of the spherical surface, and r0 is a radius of the spherical cylinder surface.

4. The method for designing the vehicle-carrying platform special-shaped curved surface conformal array antenna according to claim 3, is characterized in that: the cylindrical surface part is a rotating cylindrical surface, and a bus corresponding to the cylindrical surface part is determined by the following calculation formula: where x represents the coordinate of the generatrix of the cylinder along the x-axis direction.

5. The method for designing the vehicle-carrying platform special-shaped curved surface conformal array antenna according to claim 1, is characterized in that: determining generatrix equations of the paraboloid of revolution, the spherical surface of revolution and the cylindrical surface of revolution according to coordinate points a (0, 0, h0+ h1), b (0, h1) and c (0, r0, 0) on the conformal array, wherein the generatrix equations corresponding to the paraboloid part are as follows: and z belongs to [6.8 lambda, 7.5 lambda ], and the generatrix equation corresponding to the cylindrical surface is as follows: x is 9.2 λ, z ∈ [0, -7.2 λ ], y ∈ [ -9.2 λ, 9.2 λ ].

6. The method for designing the vehicle-carrying platform special-shaped curved surface conformal array antenna according to claim 1, is characterized in that: and constructing the antenna subarray according to the rule that the half-wavelength of the antenna units in the antenna subarray is uniformly distributed, and distributing the antenna subarray to the special-shaped curved surface conformal array.

7. The method for designing the vehicle-carrying platform special-shaped curved surface conformal array antenna according to claim 1, is characterized in that: the paraboloid part is N from top to bottom_1θiThe layer and the spherical part are N from top to bottom_2θiThe layer and the cylindrical surface are partially N from top to bottom_3θiAnd the antenna subarray is provided with 16 antenna elements with the element spacing d0 of 0.5 lambda and lambda of N0 corresponding to the wavelength of 2.2 GHz.

8. The method for designing the vehicle-carrying platform special-shaped curved surface conformal array antenna according to claim 1, is characterized in that: according to the rule that the half-wavelength of the antenna units in the antenna subarray is uniformly distributed, the paraboloid part is from the first layer of the upper paraboloid to the Nth layer of the lower paraboloid_1θiLayer of N_1θiA layer; the first layer at the top of the paraboloid part is circular, the subarray at the top is divided into three circles, and each circle is arranged according to 1, 4 and 11 array elements; the second layer of subarrays is trapezoidal and is divided into four rows, and each row is respectively arranged according to 2, 3, 5 and 6 array elements; the third layer of subarrays is trapezoidal and is divided into three rows, and each row is respectively arranged according to 5, 5 and 6 array elements.

9. The method for designing the vehicle-carrying platform special-shaped curved surface conformal array antenna according to claim 1, is characterized in that: the spherical part goes from the first layer of the upper spherical surface to the Nth layer of the lower spherical surface_2θiLayer of N_2θiLayer, the spherical part divides two subarray types: the first layer of subarrays is trapezoidal and is divided into five rows, and each row is respectively distributed according to 3, 3 and 4 array elements; the second layer of sub-array is a quasi-rectangle and is divided into five rows, each row is respectively arranged according to 3, 3 and 4 array elements, and the cylindrical surface part is from the first layer of the upper cylindrical surface to the Nth layer of the lower cylindrical surface_3θiLayer of N_3θiLayer, cylinder part needs three layers of subarrays altogether, and each layer is the same subarray type: each layer of subarray is square, and array elements are arranged according to the rules of 4 rows and 4 columns.

10. The method for designing the vehicle-carrying platform special-shaped curved surface conformal array antenna according to claim 1, is characterized in that: the method comprises the steps that a first antenna subarray is placed at the position, where the azimuth angle phi of each layer is 0 degrees, of a parabolic cylinder, the number N phi i of the subarrays in the azimuth direction of each layer is an integral value obtained after the perimeter of the layer is divided by the length of the subarray, the first subarrays in the pitching direction of each layer of the azimuth angle are evenly distributed in a rotating mode around the + Z axis direction, and therefore antenna distribution of the whole array is obtained, the number of three subarrays in the pitching direction of a parabolic portion is 1, 7 and 10 respectively, the number of two subarrays in the pitching direction of a spherical portion is 15 and 18 respectively, and the number of three subarrays in the pitching direction of the cylindrical portion is 18, 18 and 18 respectively.

Technical Field

The invention belongs to the technical field of antennas, and relates to a full-airspace special-shaped curved surface conformal array antenna arrangement method applied to a vehicle-mounted platform with limited space.

Background

With the development of aerospace industry in China, the number of aircrafts in space, near space and air is more and more, and full-airspace multi-target measurement and control becomes a prominent problem in the field of aerospace measurement and control. No matter a multi-target measurement and control system based on a foundation is adopted, or a space-based measurement and control network system is adopted, and an efficient antenna system is a key subsystem for ensuring effective measurement and control management of multiple targets. A typical ground station requires one or more high-performance antenna systems to keep constant tracking, measurement, and control of the measurement and control target in the full airspace range. The planar phased array can realize the space scanning of the maximum radiation direction of electromagnetic waves by exciting high-frequency currents with different amplitudes and phases to different antenna units in the array antenna, but the planar phased array cannot meet the requirements of a full-airspace measurement and control communication function because the planar phased array cannot realize the full-airspace beam coverage, so that the phased array antenna meeting the full-airspace beam coverage comes into force. The array antenna meeting the full airspace coverage at present mainly has various structural forms, such as a multi-area array, a curved surface or conformal array and a lens array antenna. The multi-area array antenna can enable the maximum gain direction of the wave beam to point to a desired target and form a null in the interference direction; the antenna pattern is deteriorated by the shadowing effect under the change of the beam incident angle only due to the shadowing effect. The influence of the shielding effect on the formation of the wave beams of the multi-area array antenna cannot be ignored, and the shielding effect can be accurately judged, so that the development and optimization of the multi-area array antenna can be closer to the practical application. The lens array antenna can realize beam scanning through the lens, so that the system structure can be greatly simplified, but the design of the lens array is extremely complex, and the loss of the array performance is large because the medium is used. The spherical array has uniform beam gain and low polarization and mismatch loss in full airspace, and is more and more mature in engineering realization. One of the most significant advantages of the sphero-cylindrical phased array antenna is that full spatial beam coverage can be achieved by activating different areas of the sphero-cylindrical array. However, spherical conformal arrays are affected by spherical curvature and usually no longer have regular forms like linear and planar arrays, and the relative geometrical positions between array elements may no longer be evenly spaced or even described by a uniform mathematical expression, which causes difficulties in beam forming and beam steering (scanning) of the array antenna. How to distribute and arrange array units on an irregular surface, how to form beams for a conformal array, and also realize functions of self-adaptive interference nulling and beam forming for interference, which are far more complicated than the existing commonly used planar array. In addition, when the antenna array is required to have high angular resolution, since the main lobe width of the directional diagram of the array is approximately proportional to the physical size of the array, the aperture of the array must be enlarged, which inevitably puts higher requirements on the installation space of the installation platform.

In recent years, the performance and the form of a foundation measurement and control antenna have new breakthrough and development, but the performance and the form of the foundation measurement and control antenna are still insufficient in the aspects of realizing full airspace coverage, quick and accurate tracking and the like under a vehicle-mounted platform. In the vehicle carrying platform, the effective utilization space of the vehicle carrying platform is limited (not more than 2.2m) by the limitation of the transportation condition (wherein the railway transportation condition is the most severe, the height limit is 4.8m, and the width limit is 3.4m) except the height of the vehicle carrying platform. How to design a conformal array, when realizing the full airspace wave beam coverage, the requirement of vehicle-carrying transportation is met, and the conformal array is an urgent need of the current vehicle-mounted full airspace measurement and control communication system. The prior ground station type full airspace measurement and control communication system mostly adopts a conformal array in three forms of a spherical cylinder surface, an ellipsoid surface and a truncated sphere surface. The sphero-cylindrical form of the conformal array has excellent performance with minimal fluctuation of gain in all directions, but its height is high and easily exceeds the transport height limit. The truncated spherical conformal array has the lowest height, but has poor performance and fast gain reduction in the zenith direction. Ellipsoidal conformal arrays have a balance in performance and height, but still do not meet design requirements. Therefore, at present, no complete and mature conformal array can meet the engineering implementation requirements under the vehicle-mounted platform. While the conformal array full-airspace scanning performance is realized, the research on the compact array architecture is still in a preliminary stage.

Disclosure of Invention

Aiming at the defects in the prior art, the invention provides the vehicle-mounted platform special-shaped curved surface conformal array antenna design method which is compact, can obviously reduce the height of the array while ensuring the performance, can be applied to a vehicle-mounted platform with limited space, and can realize full-airspace measurement and control communication under the vehicle-mounted platform.

In order to achieve the purpose, the invention discloses a method for designing a vehicle-carrying platform special-shaped curved surface conformal array antenna, which is characterized by comprising the following steps of: according to the flow pattern of the special-shaped curved surface array of the cylindrical surface of the parabolic sphere, the special-shaped curved surface conformal array flow pattern is divided into a paraboloid part, a partial spherical part and a cylindrical part, an xyz coordinate system is established when the azimuth angle phi of each layer in the pitching direction is 0 degrees, the special-shaped curved surface conformal array formed by the cylindrical surface of the parabolic sphere is constructed, the top of the spherical part is a paraboloid part and is a first layer, the lower part of the paraboloid is a partial spherical part which is connected with the cylindrical surface in a circular arc transition mode, and the paraboloid part is divided into N_1θiLayer, spherical part from upper spherical first layer to lower part N_2θiLayers, the cylindrical portions being N in total from the first layer of the upper cylindrical portion to the lower portion_3θiLayering to obtain a special-shaped curved surface array flow pattern formed by the cylindrical surface of the parabolic sphere; on the basis of the special-shaped curved surface array flow pattern, an antenna sub-array is constructed according to the rule that the half-wavelength of antenna units in the antenna sub-array is uniformly distributed, and a special-shaped curved surface antenna array based on a curved surface sub-array level is established; then, taking the curved surface subarrays as basic units, arranging the antenna subarrays on the special-shaped curved surface conformal array, and obtaining the special-shaped curved surface antenna array based on the curved surface subarray level according to the arrangement rule of the equal-area centers on the basis of the established special-shaped curved surface array flow pattern, wherein N is_1θi，N_2θi，N_3θiIs a mathematical code.

Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects:

(1) possess compact structure, can reliably equip in on-vehicle platform. The method comprises the steps of constructing an antenna subarray according to the rule that the half-wavelength of antenna units in the antenna subarray are uniformly distributed, constructing a rectangular coordinate system, taking the curved surface subarray as a basic unit, and obtaining the special-shaped curved surface antenna array based on the curved surface subarray level according to the central distribution rule of the equal-area on the basis of the special-shaped curved surface array flow pattern constructed in the step 1. The cylindrical surface part in the traditional spherical cylindrical surface array flow pattern is reserved, and the spherical surface part is divided into a paraboloid and a partial spherical surface part, wherein the top part is the paraboloid part, and the lower part is the partial spherical surface part, so that the special-shaped curved surface array flow pattern formed by the parabolic cylindrical surface is obtained. The method is characterized in that a special-shaped curved surface antenna array based on a curved surface subarray level and a parabolic cylinder array configuration are established, the spherical part of the ground full-airspace measurement and control station is divided into special-shaped curved surfaces formed by paraboloids and spherical surfaces, the height of the array can be obviously reduced while the performance is guaranteed, and the method can be applied to vehicle-mounted platforms with limited space. Compared with the traditional array arranged in a spherical surface mode, the array can effectively reduce the longitudinal size of the array, has a compact structure, and can effectively meet railway and highway transportation. The total height of the array may be 2013mm, which meets railway transportation conditions, while the height of the array is cut by 10% compared to a conventional sphero-cylindrical array. The height reduction ratio is related to the above-mentioned parabolic and spherical height and array radius ratio α, and the larger α is, the larger the ratio of the entire array reduction becomes.

(2) The gain fluctuation of the array can be kept low. The method comprises the steps of constructing a parabolic cylinder special-shaped curved surface array flow pattern, reserving a cylinder part in the parabolic cylinder array flow pattern, and dividing a spherical part into a paraboloid and a partial spherical part, wherein the top part is the paraboloid part, and the lower part is the partial spherical part, so that the special-shaped curved surface array flow pattern formed by the parabolic cylinder is obtained; the method comprises the steps of establishing a special-shaped curved surface antenna array based on a curved surface subarray level, establishing a rectangular coordinate system, establishing an antenna subarray according to a rule that antenna units in the antenna subarray are uniformly distributed in a half-wave length mode, taking the curved surface subarray as a basic unit, and obtaining the special-shaped curved surface antenna array based on the curved surface subarray level according to an equal-area center distribution rule on the basis of an established special-shaped curved surface array flow pattern. The height of the array can be obviously reduced while the performance is ensured, so that the array can be applied to vehicle-mounted platforms with limited space. Through the design, the array height reduction proportion can be reasonably adjusted according to the space requirement of an actual carrier platform, and meanwhile, the newly designed conformal array with the special-shaped curved surface can realize full-airspace radiation and has small gain fluctuation. By adopting the parabolic spherical cylindrical surface array configuration, the beam coverage of a full airspace can be ensured, and the gain fluctuation equivalent to that of a spherical cylindrical surface array is ensured when the beam scans from a low elevation angle to a high elevation angle.

The invention is suitable for a full airspace measurement and control communication system, is suitable for the working environment under a full airspace vehicle-mounted platform with high spatial resolution requirement, large equipment volume weight and multiple constraint conditions, and can be applied to the fields of full airspace measurement and control, communication and the like based on a vehicle-mounted platform.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a front view of a vehicle-carrying platform special-shaped curved surface conformal array antenna of the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a top view of FIG. 1;

FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of the flow pattern of the contoured conformal array of FIG. 1;

fig. 4 is a schematic diagram of antenna array layout division;

fig. 5 is a curve of the variation of gain of the irregular curved conformal array with the elevation angle.

The invention will be further explained with reference to the drawings and examples in the following examples of embodiments of the invention.

Detailed Description

See fig. 1-4. According to the invention, the flow pattern of the special-shaped curved surface conformal array is divided into a paraboloid part, a partial spherical part and a cylindrical part, an xyz three-dimensional rectangular coordinate system is established at the azimuth angle phi of each layer in the pitching direction of 0 DEG, the special-shaped curved surface conformal array formed by the parabolic cylindrical surfaces is constructed, the top of the spherical part is the paraboloid part and is the first layer, the lower part of the paraboloid is the partial spherical part which is connected with the cylindrical surface in a circular arc transition way, and the paraboloid part is divided into N parts from top to bottom_1θiLayer, spherical part from upper spherical first layer to lower part N_2θiThe cylindrical surface part from the first layer of the upper cylindrical surface to the lower layer obtains a special-shaped curved surface array flow pattern formed by the parabolic cylindrical surfaces; on the basis of the special-shaped curved surface array flow pattern, an antenna sub-array is constructed according to the rule that the half-wavelength of antenna units in the antenna sub-array is uniformly distributed, and a special-shaped curved surface antenna array based on a curved surface sub-array level is established; then with a curved surfaceThe subarrays are used as basic units, the antenna subarrays are arranged on the special-shaped curved surface conformal array, on the basis of the established special-shaped curved surface array flow pattern, according to the arrangement rule of the centers of equal-area areas, the special-shaped curved surface antenna array based on the curved surface subarray level is obtained, wherein N is_1θi，N_2θi，N_3θiIs a mathematical code.

The specific treatment steps are as follows:

without loss of generality, a coordinate system of the special-shaped curved surface conformal antenna array with the working frequency f being 1.9GHz-2.5GHz is established, and the flow pattern of the special-shaped curved surface conformal antenna array is divided into a paraboloid part, a partial spherical part and a cylindrical part: according to the wavelength lambda, the cylindrical surface height of the cylindrical surface part is h2, h2 is 7.2 lambda, the height of the paraboloidal surface part is h0, h0 is 0.75 lambda, the height of the partial spherical surface part is h1, the spherical surface height is h1 is 6.8 lambda, the spherical surface height reduction ratio alpha is 0.82, and h0+ h1 is 7.55 lambda is alpha r 0.

The paraboloidal part is a paraboloid of revolution, and a generatrix corresponding to the paraboloidal part is determined by the following calculation formula:

z＝-4py²+q,q＝α*r0

wherein Z represents a coordinate of a generatrix of the paraboloid along the Z-axis direction, p represents a focus of the paraboloid, Y represents a coordinate of a generatrix of the paraboloid along the Y-axis direction, α is a spherical height reduction ratio, and r0 is a spherical cylindrical radius.

The partial spherical surface part is a rotating spherical surface, and a generatrix corresponding to the partial spherical surface part is determined by the following calculation formula:

y²+z²＝r0²，z∈[0,h1]

wherein Z represents the coordinate of the generatrix of the spherical surface along the Z-axis direction, Y represents the coordinate of the generatrix of the spherical surface along the Y-axis direction, the cylindrical surface part is a rotating cylindrical surface, and the generatrix corresponding to the cylindrical surface part is determined by the following calculation formula: x ═ r0, y ∈ [ -r0, r0], where x denotes the coordinate of the generatrix of the cylinder in the x-axis direction.

Referring to fig. 3, according to coordinate points a (0, 0, h0+ h1) on the conformal array,

c (0, r0, 0) may beRespectively determining the generatrix equations of the paraboloid of revolution, the sphere of revolution and the cylinder of revolution, wherein the generatrix equation corresponding to the paraboloid part is as follows: z is-1.5625X 10^-4·y²+7.5λ，z∈[6.8λ，7.5λ]And the generatrix equation corresponding to the cylindrical surface is as follows: x is 9.2 lambda, z is 0, -7.2 lambda],y∈[-9.2λ，9.2λ]。

And constructing the antenna subarray according to the rule that the half-wavelength of the antenna units in the antenna subarray is uniformly distributed, and distributing the antenna subarray to the special-shaped curved surface conformal array.

See fig. 4. In an alternative embodiment, in the three-dimensional rectangular coordinate system, the origin θ is 0, the position where Φ is 0 is represented by the 3 ordered real numbers (r, θ, Φ), the coordinate of any point is represented by the (x, y, z) coordinate, r is the spherical radius, the polar angle θ is the angle between the z-axis and r, and the range of the polar angle θ is [0, pi ], where r is the spherical radius, and r is the angle between the z-axis and r]The polar angle at any point on the z-axis is 0; the azimuth angle phi is an angle measured in a counterclockwise direction starting from the x-axis on a plane defined by the x-axis and the y-axis. The three-dimensional rectangular coordinates of any point on the sphere can be labeled as P (x, y, z) and the spherical coordinates as P (r, θ, φ). According to the rule that the half-wavelength of the antenna units in the antenna subarray is uniformly distributed, the paraboloid part is from the first layer of the upper paraboloid to the Nth layer of the lower paraboloid_1θiLayer of N_1θiAnd (3) a layer. The spherical part goes from the first layer of the upper spherical surface to the Nth layer of the lower spherical surface_2θiLayer of N_2θiThe first layer on the top of the paraboloid part is circular, a subarray on the top is divided into three circles, and each circle is arranged according to 1, 4 and 11 array elements; the second layer of subarrays is trapezoidal and is divided into four rows, and each row is respectively arranged according to 2, 3, 5 and 6 array elements; the third layer of subarrays is trapezoidal and is divided into three rows, and each row is respectively arranged according to 5, 5 and 6 array elements.

The spherical part is divided into two subarray types: the first layer of subarrays is trapezoidal and is divided into five rows, and each row is respectively distributed according to 3, 3 and 4 array elements; the second layer of sub-array is a quasi-rectangle and is divided into five rows, and each row is respectively arranged according to 3, 3 and 4 array elements. The cylindrical surface part goes from the first layer of the upper cylindrical surface to the Nth layer of the lower cylindrical surface_3θiLayer of N_3θiLayer, cylinder part needs three layers of subarrays altogether, and each layer is the same subarray type: each layer of subarray is square, and array elements are processed according to the rule of 4 rows and 4 columnsAnd (4) arranging.

The method comprises the steps that a first antenna subarray is placed at the position, where the azimuth angle phi of each layer is 0 degrees, of a parabolic cylinder, the number N phi i of the subarrays in the azimuth direction of each layer is an integral value obtained after the perimeter of the layer is divided by the length of the subarray, the first subarrays in the pitching direction of each layer of the azimuth angle are evenly distributed in a rotating mode around the + Z axis direction, and therefore antenna distribution of the whole array is obtained, the number of three subarrays in the pitching direction of a parabolic portion is 1, 7 and 10 respectively, the number of two subarrays in the pitching direction of a spherical portion is 15 and 18 respectively, and the number of three subarrays in the pitching direction of the cylindrical portion is 18, 18 and 18 respectively.

The cylindrical surface part goes from the first layer of the upper cylindrical surface to the Nth layer of the lower cylindrical surface_3θiLayer of N_3θiAnd (3) a layer. Without loss of generality, the cylindrical surface part needs three layers of subarrays, and each layer is of the same subarray type: each layer of subarray is square, and array elements are arranged according to the rules of 4 rows and 4 columns. The cylindrical part needs three layers of subarrays, each layer is of the same subarray type, and the included angle phi epsilon [0, pi ] between the projection of the azimuth angle phi on the x-y plane and the x axis]Or [ - π, π]The 1 st, 2 nd and 3 rd … th layers are distributed on the first layer of the cylindrical surface_φiAn antenna unit. N0 is set in the antenna subarray as 16 antenna elements, and the distance d0 between the elements is 0.5 λ (λ is the wavelength corresponding to 2.2 GHz).

The full-airspace measurement and control communication special-shaped curved surface conformal array antenna is provided with sub-arrays along the pitching direction and the azimuth direction of a coordinate system, and specifically comprises the following steps: the method comprises the steps that a first antenna subarray is placed at the position, where the azimuth angle phi of each layer is 0 degrees, of a parabolic cylinder, the number N phi i of the subarrays in the azimuth direction of each layer is an integral value obtained after the perimeter of the layer is divided by the length of the subarray, the first subarrays in the pitching direction of each layer of the azimuth angle are evenly distributed in a rotating mode around the + Z axis direction, and therefore antenna distribution of the whole array is obtained, the number of three subarrays in the pitching direction of a parabolic portion is 1, 7 and 10 respectively, the number of two subarrays in the pitching direction of a spherical portion is 15 and 18 respectively, and the number of three subarrays in the pitching direction of the cylindrical portion is 18, 18 and 18 respectively. The total number of the sub-arrays is N _ sub-105, and the total number of the array elements is S0-N _ sub × N0-1680.

Fig. 5 shows the curve of the variation of the gain of the irregular curved conformal array along with the elevation angle, and it can be seen that the gain of the irregular array is greater than 30dB in a full airspace, the variation of the gain fluctuation along with the elevation angle is not more than 1dB, and stable and reliable radiation performance is realized.

The above detailed description of the embodiments of the present invention, and the detailed description of the embodiments of the present invention used herein, is merely intended to facilitate the understanding of the methods and apparatuses of the present invention; meanwhile, for a person skilled in the art, according to the idea of the present invention, there may be variations in the specific embodiments and the application scope, and in summary, the content of the present specification should not be construed as a limitation to the present invention.