阅读说明：本技术 一种隔热保温复合板及其制备方法 (Heat-insulation composite board and preparation method thereof ) 是由 张东生 董会娜 姚栋嘉 刘喜宗 吕多军 张继承 余启勇 吴恒 杨红霞 于 2020-07-13 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明属于隔热保温技术领域,公开一种隔热保温复合板及其制备方法。包括第一面板层、隔热保温层,隔热保温层与第一面板层之间一体成型；所述第一面板层为纤维增强树脂基复合片、金属板、水泥板、硅酸钙板或石膏板,所述隔热保温层为纤维增强气凝胶毡。制备方法：(1)、将纤维增强气凝胶毡平铺放置；(2)、将第一面板层平铺于纤维增强气凝胶毡的上表面；(3)、热压成型处理,即得隔热保温复合板。本发明提供的隔热保温复合板可以在对管材、墙体、箱体等场景实施保温方案,具有操作方便、简单易行等优点。(The invention belongs to the technical field of heat insulation and preservation, and discloses a heat insulation and preservation composite board and a preparation method thereof. The heat insulation layer and the first panel layer are integrally formed; the first panel layer is a fiber reinforced resin matrix composite sheet, a metal plate, a cement plate, a calcium silicate plate or a gypsum plate, and the heat insulation layer is a fiber reinforced aerogel felt. The preparation method comprises the following steps: (1) laying the fiber reinforced aerogel felt; (2) flatly paving the first panel layer on the upper surface of the fiber reinforced aerogel felt; (3) and carrying out hot press molding treatment to obtain the heat insulation composite board. The heat insulation composite board provided by the invention can implement a heat insulation scheme in scenes such as pipes, walls, boxes and the like, and has the advantages of convenience in operation, simplicity and feasibility and the like.)

1. A thermal insulation composite board is characterized in that: the heat insulation layer and the first panel layer are integrally formed; the first panel layer is a fiber reinforced resin matrix composite sheet, a metal plate, a cement plate, a calcium silicate plate or a gypsum plate, and the heat insulation layer is a fiber reinforced aerogel felt;

when the first panel layer is the fiber reinforced resin-based composite sheet, the fiber reinforced aerogel felt is coated/not coated with a heat insulation coating on the surface in contact with the first panel layer;

when the first panel layer is a metal plate, a cement plate, a calcium silicate plate or a gypsum plate, the surface of the fiber reinforced aerogel felt, which is in contact with the first panel layer, is coated with a thermal insulation coating;

the heat insulation coating comprises liquid epoxy resin, heat insulation filler, curing agent, accelerant and first coupling agent according to the mass ratio of 100: 10-50: 20-180: 0.05-3: 0.2-5, or comprises water-based elastic coating, water-based resin, flame retardant, silicon dioxide powder, dispersing agent and second coupling agent according to the mass ratio of (30-60) to (10-30) to (5-40) to (0.5-5) to (1-5).

2. The insulated thermal composite panel of claim 1, wherein: the heat insulation and preservation composite board also comprises a second panel layer, and the heat insulation and preservation layer is positioned between the first panel layer and the second panel layer; the heat insulation layer and the second panel layer are integrally formed; the second panel layer is a fiber reinforced resin matrix composite sheet; the fiber reinforced aerogel blanket is simultaneously coated/uncoated with a thermal barrier coating on the surfaces thereof in contact with the first and second face sheets.

3. The thermal insulating composite panel according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: when the thermal insulation coating is not coated, the fiber reinforced aerogel felt is directly wrapped with the aluminum foil on the outer part of the fiber reinforced aerogel felt; when the thermal insulation coating is coated, the fiber reinforced aerogel felt is coated with the thermal insulation coating and then wrapped with the aluminum foil; and an adhesive or a double-sided adhesive is arranged between the aluminum foil and the first panel layer and between the aluminum foil and the second panel layer.

4. The thermal insulating composite panel according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: the adhesive double-sided adhesive tape is adopted to replace the thermal insulation coating.

5. The thermal insulating composite panel according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that:

the fiber in the fiber reinforced resin-based composite sheet is one of glass fiber, carbon fiber, quartz fiber, high silica fiber, aluminum silicate fiber, mullite fiber, silicon carbide fiber, silicon nitride fiber, alumina fiber, boron nitride fiber, basalt fiber, brucite fiber and attapulgite fiber, boron fiber, carbon nanotube, aramid fiber, polyimide fiber and ultrahigh molecular weight polyethylene fiber, and the resin in the fiber reinforced resin-based composite sheet or fiber reinforced resin-based prepreg tape is one of epoxy resin, phenolic resin, benzoxazine resin, unsaturated polyester, vinyl ester resin, silicone resin and cyanate resin;

the fiber in the fiber reinforced aerogel felt is one of glass fiber, carbon fiber, quartz fiber, high silica fiber, aluminum silicate fiber, mullite fiber, silicon carbide fiber, silicon nitride fiber, alumina fiber, boron nitride fiber, basalt fiber, brucite fiber, attapulgite fiber, boron fiber, carbon nano tube, aramid fiber, polyimide fiber and ultrahigh molecular weight polyethylene fiber, the aerogel in the fiber-reinforced aerogel felt is one of silica aerogel, carbon aerogel, alumina aerogel, zirconia aerogel, titanium oxide aerogel, iron oxide aerogel, cobalt oxide aerogel, nickel oxide aerogel, copper oxide aerogel, yttrium oxide aerogel, cerium oxide aerogel, vanadium oxide aerogel, bismuth oxide aerogel, tin oxide aerogel, benzenediol formaldehyde aerogel and graphene aerogel;

the liquid epoxy resin is one or a mixture of two of epoxy resin E51 and epoxy resin E44;

the heat insulation filler is one or a mixture of more than two of titanium dioxide particles, zinc oxide particles, hollow glass microspheres, hollow silicon dioxide microspheres, hollow phenolic resin microspheres and ceramic hollow microspheres;

the curing agent is one or a mixture of more than two of imidazole, dicyandiamide, triethylene diamine and triethylene tetramine;

the accelerator is organic urea UR300 and organic urea UR 500;

the first coupling agent is a silane coupling agent;

the water-based elastic coating is one of water-based ethylene-vinyl acetate elastic coating, water-based organic silicon acrylic elastic coating, water-based acrylic elastic coating and water-based rubber emulsion;

the water-based resin is one of water-based epoxy resin, water-based polyurea resin, water-based phenolic resin and water-based polyurethane resin;

the flame retardant is one or more of phosphorus-nitrogen flame retardant, inorganic flame retardant, DOPO, decabromodiphenyl ether and decabromodiphenyl ethane;

the dispersing agent is one of BYK-161, BYK-163 and BYK-2000;

the second coupling agent is one of silane coupling agent, titanate coupling agent, aluminate coupling agent and borate coupling agent.

6. A method of making the thermal insulating composite panel of claim 1, wherein:

(1) laying the fiber reinforced aerogel felt;

(2) flatly paving the first panel layer on the surface of the fiber reinforced aerogel felt, which is in contact with the first panel layer; when the first panel layer is a fiber reinforced resin matrix composite sheet and the surface of the fiber reinforced aerogel felt, which is in contact with the first panel layer, is coated with a heat insulation coating, the first panel layer in the step is directly replaced by the fiber reinforced resin matrix composite sheet or a corresponding fiber reinforced resin matrix prepreg tape; when the first panel layer is a fiber reinforced resin matrix composite sheet and the surface of the fiber reinforced aerogel felt, which is in contact with the first panel layer, is not coated with a heat insulation coating, the first panel layer in the step is replaced by a corresponding fiber reinforced resin matrix prepreg tape;

(3) and carrying out hot press molding treatment to obtain the heat insulation composite board.

7. The method of manufacturing a thermal insulating composite panel according to claim 6, wherein the thermal insulating composite panel further comprises a second panel layer, the thermal insulating layer being located between the first panel layer and the second panel layer; the heat insulation layer and the second panel layer are integrally formed; the second panel layer is a fiber reinforced resin matrix composite sheet; the fiber reinforced aerogel felt is coated/not coated with a heat insulation coating on the surface of the fiber reinforced aerogel felt which is in contact with the first panel layer and the second panel layer; the corresponding step (2) is as follows: respectively paving a first panel layer and a second panel layer on the surfaces of the fiber reinforced aerogel felts, which are in contact with the first panel layer and the second panel layer; when the first panel layer is a fiber reinforced resin matrix composite sheet and the fiber reinforced aerogel felt is coated with a heat insulation coating on the surfaces of the first panel layer and the second panel layer which are in contact with each other, the first panel layer and the second panel layer in the step are respectively replaced by the fiber reinforced resin matrix composite sheet directly or by a corresponding fiber reinforced resin matrix prepreg tape; when the first panel layer is a fiber reinforced resin matrix composite sheet and the fiber reinforced aerogel felt is not coated with a heat insulation coating on the surfaces, which are in contact with the first panel layer and the second panel layer, the first panel layer and the second panel layer in the step are respectively replaced by corresponding fiber reinforced resin matrix prepreg tapes; when the first panel layer is a metal plate, a cement plate, a calcium silicate plate or a gypsum plate, and the surface of the fiber reinforced aerogel felt, which is in contact with the first panel layer and the second panel layer, is coated with a heat insulation coating, the second panel layer is directly replaced by a fiber reinforced resin matrix composite sheet or a fiber reinforced resin matrix prepreg tape corresponding to the second panel layer.

8. The method for preparing an insulated composite panel according to claim 6 or 7, wherein the fiber-reinforced aerogel blanket is directly wrapped with aluminum foil on the outside thereof when the thermal insulation coating is not coated; when the thermal insulation coating is coated, the fiber reinforced aerogel felt is coated with the thermal insulation coating and then wrapped with the aluminum foil; and an adhesive or a double-sided adhesive is arranged between the aluminum foil and the first panel layer and between the aluminum foil and the second panel layer.

9. The method for preparing an insulating composite panel according to claim 6 or 7, wherein: the adhesive double-sided adhesive tape is adopted to replace the thermal insulation coating.

10. The method for preparing an insulating composite panel according to claim 6 or 7, wherein: the hot-press molding treatment temperature is 50-150 deg.C and pressure is 0.5-5 Mpa.

Technical Field

The invention belongs to the technical field of heat insulation and preservation, and particularly relates to a heat insulation and preservation composite board and a preparation method thereof.

Background

The aerogel is a porous material with nanometer-scale pore diameter, the typical pore size is 1-100nm, the porosity is more than 80%, and a large amount of air is contained. The nanometer hole structure of the aerogel enables the thermal conductivity of the material to be extremely low, and the thermal insulation effect is good.

The aerogel has certain brittleness due to low specific gravity and thin hole wall, and the strength of the aerogel is not good when the aerogel is directly used. Aerogels now available for industrial use include aerogel blankets, aerogel papers, aerogel boards, aerogel blankets, and other aerogel profiles. Aerogel composite materials are generally used as sandwich structure protective materials due to unique heat insulation performance, sandwich structure plates generally comprise a panel layer and a sandwich layer, and the aerogel composite materials have the greatest advantages of high deformation coordination performance, strong impact resistance, large size, good heat insulation effect and simple assembly, overcome the defects of large brittleness and powder falling of the traditional external heat-proof materials, improve the design allowance and the safe and environment-friendly characteristic, and are widely applied to heat insulation of pipelines, building walls, vehicles and boxes/cabinets.

Disclosure of Invention

In order to overcome the defects in the prior art, the invention aims to provide a heat insulation composite board and a preparation method thereof.

In order to achieve the purpose, the technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows:

a heat insulation composite board comprises a first panel layer and a heat insulation layer, wherein the heat insulation layer and the first panel layer are integrally formed; the first panel layer is a fiber reinforced resin matrix composite sheet, a metal plate, a cement plate, a calcium silicate plate or a gypsum plate, and the heat insulation layer is a fiber reinforced aerogel felt;

when the first panel layer is the fiber reinforced resin-based composite sheet, the fiber reinforced aerogel felt is coated/not coated with a heat insulation coating on the surface in contact with the first panel layer;

when the first panel layer is a metal plate, a cement plate, a calcium silicate plate or a gypsum plate, the surface of the fiber reinforced aerogel felt, which is in contact with the first panel layer, is coated with a thermal insulation coating;

the heat insulation coating comprises liquid epoxy resin, heat insulation filler, curing agent, accelerant and first coupling agent according to the mass ratio of 100: 10-50: 20-180: 0.05-3: 0.2-5, or comprises water-based elastic coating, water-based resin, flame retardant, silicon dioxide powder, dispersing agent and second coupling agent according to the mass ratio of (30-60) to (10-30) to (5-40) to (0.5-5) to (1-5).

On the basis of the technical scheme, the heat insulation composite board further comprises a second panel layer, and the heat insulation layer is positioned between the first panel layer and the second panel layer; the heat insulation layer and the second panel layer are integrally formed; the second panel layer is a fiber reinforced resin matrix composite sheet; the fiber reinforced aerogel blanket is simultaneously coated/uncoated with a thermal barrier coating on the surfaces thereof in contact with the first and second face sheets.

On the basis of the technical scheme, further, when the thermal insulation coating is not coated, the fiber reinforced aerogel felt is directly wrapped with the aluminum foil on the outer part of the fiber reinforced aerogel felt; when the thermal insulation coating is coated, the fiber reinforced aerogel felt is coated with the thermal insulation coating and then wrapped with the aluminum foil; and an adhesive or a double-sided adhesive is arranged between the aluminum foil and the first panel layer and between the aluminum foil and the second panel layer so as to be bonded with the first panel layer and the second panel layer.

On the basis of the technical scheme, the double-sided adhesive tape is further adopted to replace the heat-insulating coating.

A preparation method of the heat insulation composite board comprises the following steps:

(1) laying the fiber reinforced aerogel felt;

(2) flatly paving the first panel layer on the surface of the fiber reinforced aerogel felt, which is in contact with the first panel layer; when the first panel layer is a fiber reinforced resin matrix composite sheet and the surface of the fiber reinforced aerogel felt, which is in contact with the first panel layer, is coated with a heat insulation coating, the first panel layer in the step is directly replaced by the fiber reinforced resin matrix composite sheet or a corresponding fiber reinforced resin matrix prepreg tape; when the first panel layer is a fiber reinforced resin matrix composite sheet and the surface of the fiber reinforced aerogel felt, which is in contact with the first panel layer, is not coated with a heat insulation coating, the first panel layer in the step is replaced by a corresponding fiber reinforced resin matrix prepreg tape;

(3) and carrying out hot press molding treatment to obtain the heat insulation composite board.

On the basis of the technical scheme, the heat insulation composite board further comprises a second panel layer, and the heat insulation layer is positioned between the first panel layer and the second panel layer; the heat insulation layer and the second panel layer are integrally formed; the second panel layer is a fiber reinforced resin matrix composite sheet; the fiber reinforced aerogel felt is coated/not coated with a heat insulation coating on the surface of the fiber reinforced aerogel felt which is in contact with the first panel layer and the second panel layer; the corresponding step (2) is as follows: respectively paving a first panel layer and a second panel layer on the surfaces of the fiber reinforced aerogel felts, which are in contact with the first panel layer and the second panel layer; when the first panel layer is a fiber reinforced resin matrix composite sheet and the fiber reinforced aerogel felt is coated with a heat insulation coating on the surfaces of the first panel layer and the second panel layer which are in contact with each other, the first panel layer and the second panel layer in the step are directly replaced by the fiber reinforced resin matrix composite sheet or by a corresponding fiber reinforced resin matrix prepreg tape; when the first panel layer is a fiber reinforced resin matrix composite sheet and the fiber reinforced aerogel felt is not coated with a heat insulation coating on the surfaces, which are in contact with the first panel layer and the second panel layer, the first panel layer and the second panel layer in the step are replaced by corresponding fiber reinforced resin matrix prepreg tapes; when the first panel layer is a metal plate, a cement plate, a calcium silicate plate or a gypsum plate, and the surface of the fiber reinforced aerogel felt, which is in contact with the first panel layer and the second panel layer, is coated with a heat insulation coating, the second panel layer is directly replaced by a fiber reinforced resin matrix composite sheet or a fiber reinforced resin matrix prepreg tape corresponding to the second panel layer.

On the basis of the technical scheme, further, when the thermal insulation coating is not coated, the fiber reinforced aerogel felt is directly wrapped with the aluminum foil on the outer part of the fiber reinforced aerogel felt; when the thermal insulation coating is coated, the fiber reinforced aerogel felt is coated with the thermal insulation coating and then wrapped with the aluminum foil; and an adhesive or a double-sided adhesive is arranged between the aluminum foil and the first panel layer and between the aluminum foil and the second panel layer so as to be bonded with the first panel layer and the second panel layer.

On the basis of the technical scheme, the double-sided adhesive tape is further adopted to replace the heat-insulating coating.

Preferably, the hot-press forming treatment temperature is 50-150 deg.C, and pressure is 0.5-5 Mpa.

In the invention, when the first panel layer and/or the second panel layer are/is the fiber reinforced resin matrix composite sheet, the reason why the semi-finished product, namely the fiber reinforced resin matrix prepreg tape, can be adopted for replacing the first panel layer and the second panel layer in the step (2) is that the fiber reinforced resin matrix prepreg tape is cured into the fiber reinforced resin matrix composite sheet after hot press molding.

The fiber in the fiber reinforced resin-based composite sheet or the fiber reinforced resin-based prepreg tape in the first panel layer and/or the second panel layer is one of glass fiber, carbon fiber, quartz fiber, high silica fiber, aluminum silicate fiber, mullite fiber, silicon carbide fiber, silicon nitride fiber, alumina fiber, boron nitride fiber, basalt fiber, brucite fiber and attapulgite fiber, boron fiber, carbon nanotube, aramid fiber, polyimide fiber and ultrahigh molecular weight polyethylene fiber, and the resin in the fiber reinforced resin-based composite sheet or the fiber reinforced resin-based prepreg tape is one of epoxy resin, phenolic resin, benzoxazine resin, unsaturated polyester, vinyl ester resin, silicone resin and cyanate resin.

The fiber in the fiber reinforced aerogel felt is one of glass fiber, carbon fiber, quartz fiber, high silica fiber, aluminum silicate fiber, mullite fiber, silicon carbide fiber, silicon nitride fiber, alumina fiber, boron nitride fiber, basalt fiber, brucite fiber, attapulgite fiber, boron fiber, carbon nano tube, aramid fiber, polyimide fiber and ultrahigh molecular weight polyethylene fiber, aerogel among the fibre reinforcing aerogel felt is one of silica aerogel, carbon aerogel, alumina aerogel, zirconia aerogel, titanium oxide aerogel, iron oxide aerogel, cobalt oxide aerogel, nickel oxide aerogel, copper oxide aerogel, yttrium oxide aerogel, cerium oxide aerogel, vanadium oxide aerogel, bismuth oxide aerogel, tin oxide aerogel, benzenediol formaldehyde aerogel, graphite alkene aerogel.

The liquid epoxy resin is one or a mixture of two of epoxy resin E51 and epoxy resin E44.

The heat insulation filler is one or a mixture of more than two of titanium dioxide particles, zinc oxide particles, hollow glass microspheres, hollow silicon dioxide microspheres, hollow phenolic resin microspheres and ceramic hollow microspheres.

The curing agent is one or a mixture of more than two of imidazole, dicyandiamide, triethylene diamine and triethylene tetramine.

The accelerator is organic urea UR300 and organic urea UR 500.

The first coupling agent is a silane coupling agent.

The water-based elastic coating is one of water-based ethylene-vinyl acetate elastic coating, water-based organic silicon acrylic elastic coating, water-based acrylic elastic coating and water-based rubber emulsion.

The water-based resin is one of water-based epoxy resin, water-based polyurea resin, water-based phenolic resin and water-based polyurethane resin.

The flame retardant is one or more of phosphorus-nitrogen flame retardant, inorganic flame retardant, DOPO, decabromodiphenyl ether and decabromodiphenyl ethane; the inorganic flame retardant is aluminum hydroxide, magnesium hydroxide, ammonium phosphate or zinc borate, and the phosphorus-nitrogen flame retardant is ammonium polyphosphate, isopropylated triphenyl phosphate, melamine pyrophosphate or melamine cyanurate.

The dispersing agent is one of BYK-161, BYK-163 and BYK-2000.

The second coupling agent is one of silane coupling agent, titanate coupling agent, aluminate coupling agent and borate coupling agent.

In the invention, the fiber reinforced resin matrix composite sheet or the fiber reinforced resin matrix prepreg tape or the fiber reinforced aerogel felt can be prepared by the market or the prior art.

Has the advantages that:

(1) the heat-insulating layer and the panel layer are integrally hot-pressed, so that the forming process is simple and the operation is convenient;

(2) according to the invention, the fiber reinforced resin-based composite sheet is used as the panel layer, and the fiber reinforced aerogel felt is used as the heat insulation layer, so that the panel layer and the heat insulation layer can be well combined, and the convenience of the whole heat insulation composite sheet in the transportation and installation processes is ensured; meanwhile, the fiber reinforced resin matrix composite sheet is used as a panel layer, so that the puncture resistance of the heat insulation composite board is improved, the strength and the rigidity are high, and the heat insulation composite board can be used as structural members such as pipelines, building walls, vehicles, boxes/cabinets and the like;

(3) when the panel layer is the fiber reinforced resin matrix composite sheet, in the preparation process of the heat insulation and heat preservation composite plate, the first panel layer and the second panel layer can adopt semi-finished products, namely fiber reinforced resin matrix prepreg tapes, before hot pressing treatment, the fiber reinforced resin matrix prepreg tapes are not cured, are integrally soft and strong in plasticity, have long storage period, are simple in curing process and convenient to operate, so that the fiber reinforced aerogel felts and the fiber reinforced resin matrix prepreg tapes can be cured and formed at a use place to obtain the required heat insulation and heat preservation composite plate, or the fiber reinforced resin matrix prepreg tapes and the fiber reinforced aerogel felts are pre-cured and then post-cured at the use place, and the convenience and flexibility of the transportation process can be improved;

(4) the thermal insulation coating is directly coated on the surface of the fiber reinforced aerogel felt to serve as a thermal insulation layer, so that the powder falling of the fiber reinforced aerogel felt in the using process is avoided, the safety performance of the thermal insulation composite board is improved, the thermal insulation coating has low density, good thermal insulation performance and good mechanical performance, the mechanical performance of the fiber reinforced aerogel felt is improved on the premise of not influencing the thermal insulation performance of the fiber reinforced aerogel felt, the use efficiency of the fiber reinforced aerogel felt is guaranteed, and the use of the thermal insulation coating does not influence the overall transportation and installation process of the thermal insulation composite board;

(5) the thermal insulation coating is used as a connecting phase for bonding the fiber reinforced aerogel felt and the panel layer to be integrally formed, and the thermal insulation coating can realize good integral curing forming between the fiber reinforced aerogel felt and the panel layer by virtue of the viscosity of the resin slurry in the curing forming process, so that the good combination between the fiber reinforced aerogel felt and the panel layer is ensured, and the cracking problem between the fiber reinforced aerogel felt and the panel layer in the transportation using process is avoided;

(6) according to the invention, the aluminum foil is coated on the surface of the fiber reinforced aerogel felt, so that the heat transmitted from the first panel can be directly reflected, and meanwhile, the processes of reflection, heat insulation, reflection and the like are carried out on the residual heat after the fiber reinforced aerogel felt is insulated, and finally, only a small amount of heat is ensured to reach the second panel layer, so that the heat insulation efficiency is improved, and the temperature in the space is further reduced;

(7) the heat insulation composite board provided by the invention can implement a heat insulation scheme in scenes such as pipes, walls, boxes and the like, and has the advantages of convenience in operation, simplicity and feasibility and the like.

Detailed Description

The present invention will be further described with reference to the following specific examples. It should be understood that the following examples are illustrative only and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention.