Combined fan blade
阅读说明:本技术 组合式风扇叶片 (Combined fan blade ) 是由 倪晓琴 刘传欣 龙丹 王星星 王祯鑫 赵宪涛 潘�清 王少辉 曹源 于 2019-04-16 设计创作,主要内容包括:本发明的目的在于提供一种组合式风扇叶片,包括金属体和复合材料体,金属体构造出叶片的前缘部,前缘部包括叶片前缘和部分压力面,金属体还构造出在叶片压力面侧形成的压力面侧结合缺口,压力面侧结合缺口具有压力面侧角部,压力面侧角部为锐角,复合材料体结合于压力面侧结合缺口并嵌入压力面侧角部,并且复合材料体的在叶片压力面侧的表面与部分压力面接续,形成叶片压力面。该组合式风扇叶片的结构可以提高叶片的抗冲击能力。(The invention aims to provide a combined fan blade, which comprises a metal body and a composite material body, wherein the metal body is used for constructing a front edge part of a blade, the front edge part comprises a blade front edge and a partial pressure surface, the metal body is also used for constructing a pressure surface side combination notch formed on the pressure surface side of the blade, the pressure surface side combination notch is provided with a pressure surface side corner, the pressure surface side corner is an acute angle, the composite material body is combined with the pressure surface side combination notch and embedded into the pressure surface side corner, and the surface of the composite material body on the pressure surface side of the blade is connected with the partial pressure surface to form the pressure surface of the blade. The combined fan blade structure can improve the shock resistance of the blade.)
1. A combined fan blade comprises a metal body and a composite material body, and is characterized in that,
the metal body forms a leading edge portion of the blade, the leading edge portion comprises a leading edge of the blade and a partial pressure surface, the metal body also forms a pressure surface side combination notch formed on a pressure surface side of the blade, the pressure surface side combination notch comprises a pressure surface side corner, the pressure surface side corner is an acute angle, the composite body is combined with the pressure surface side combination notch and embedded into the pressure surface side corner, and the surface of the composite body on the pressure surface side of the blade is connected with the partial pressure surface to form the pressure surface of the blade.
2. The modular fan blade of claim 1 wherein said metal body further defines a suction side engagement notch formed on a suction side of the blade, said leading edge portion further comprising a partial suction side;
the suction side bonding notch has a suction side corner portion, the suction side corner portion is an acute angle, the composite material body is further bonded to the suction side bonding notch and embedded in the suction side corner portion, and a surface of the composite material body on the suction side of the blade is continuous with the partial suction surface to form a blade suction surface.
3. The modular fan blade of claim 1 wherein said metal body defines an arcuate extension extending chordally toward said blade trailing edge from a side opposite said blade leading edge, said arcuate extension extending all the way to said blade trailing edge, said pressure face side bond notch being formed on a pressure face side of said arcuate extension.
4. The modular fan blade of claim 1 wherein said metal body defines an arcuate extension extending toward a trailing edge of said blade on a side thereof opposite said leading edge in a chordwise direction, said pressure surface side engagement notch being formed in a pressure surface side of said arcuate extension, said composite body defining a trailing edge portion of said blade.
5. The modular fan blade of claim 3 or 4 wherein the arcuate extension extends along a mean camber line of the modular fan blade.
6. The modular fan blade of claim 3 or 4 wherein the arcuate extension is offset toward a blade suction side or a blade pressure side relative to a mean camber line of the modular fan blade.
7. The modular fan blade of claim 2 wherein the pressure side bonding notches and the suction side bonding notches have their corners in the same chordwise position.
8. The modular fan blade of claim 2 wherein the pressure face side bond notch and the suction face side bond notch have corners that differ in chordal position.
9. The modular fan blade of claim 1 wherein the acute angle is:
a first acute angle formed by connecting two straight edges;
a second acute angle with radian formed by connecting a straight edge and an arc edge;
a third acute angle with radian formed by connecting two arc edges; or
A fourth acute angle formed by chamfering the first acute angle, the second acute angle, or the third acute angle.
10. The modular fan blade of claim 1 wherein said leading edge portion further comprises a partial suction surface;
the metal body is configured to form the pressure surface side bonding notch only on the pressure surface side of the blade, the corner of the pressure surface side bonding notch is acute angle, and the surface on the suction surface side of the blade is configured to be continuous with the partial suction surface of the front edge part to form the suction surface of the blade.
Technical Field
The invention relates to a combined fan blade.
Background
The large-bypass-ratio turbofan engine has the characteristics of low oil consumption, large takeoff thrust, low noise, large windward area and the like, and is widely adopted by civil transporters. The application of large-size and light-weight fan blades in a turbofan is always a key technology of a turbofan engine with a large bypass ratio.
The combined fan blade made of composite materials and metals has a very good weight reduction effect, so that the combined fan blade becomes a mainstream scheme for developing the light fan blade with a large bypass ratio by various large engine companies, and the combined fan blade can also be called as a mixed structure fan blade and is a light fan blade. The existing foreign composite material blade adopts a titanium alloy edge-covering structure to enhance the shock resistance of the blade, and the titanium alloy edge-covering is fixed on the composite material blade body through adhesive bonding.
For example, in US patent 9470097B2, an airfoil for a gas turbine is disclosed, comprising: a core having a leading edge, a trailing edge, a first surface extending between the leading edge and the trailing edge, and a second surface extending between the leading edge and the trailing edge; a leading edge member having a tip, a first leg extending from a first proximal end at the tip to a first distal end, a second leg extending from a second proximal end at the tip to a second distal end, and a lumen between the first leg and the second leg at the tip of the leading edge member, wherein the first distal end of the first leg is connected to the first surface of the core and the second distal end of the second leg is connected to the second surface of the core; and a stiffening member located within the lumen of the leading edge member, the stiffening member connected to the proximal end of the first leg of the leading edge member and connected to the proximal end of the second leg of the leading edge member.
The metal reinforcing edge of the composite material fan blade used at present is limited by the traditional processing technology, and only a few suppliers internationally have the capability of processing the metal reinforcing edge, so that the technical threshold and the manufacturing cost of the composite material-titanium alloy edge-covered fan blade are always high.
The connection of the metal and the composite material has higher requirement on the mechanical property of a connection interface, and particularly, the interface is easy to split when the blade is impacted, so that the metal and the composite material are separated. Compared with the fan blade made of a single material, the connecting interface position of the composite material and the metal of the combined fan blade is weak in impact resistance and is easy to separate under the impact action of bird collision load and the like.
The invention aims to provide a combined fan blade which can improve the shock resistance of the blade.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a combined fan blade, which can improve the shock resistance of the blade, in particular the shock resistance of a composite material-metal interface.
The invention provides a combined fan blade, which comprises a metal body and a composite material body, wherein the metal body is used for constructing a front edge part of a blade, the front edge part comprises a blade front edge and a partial pressure surface, the metal body is also used for constructing a pressure surface side combination notch formed on the pressure surface side of the blade, the pressure surface side combination notch is provided with a pressure surface side corner, the pressure surface side corner is an acute angle, the composite material body is combined with the pressure surface side combination notch and embedded into the pressure surface side corner, and the surface of the composite material body on the pressure surface side of the blade is connected with the partial pressure surface to form a blade pressure surface.
In one embodiment, the metal body further defines a suction side bonding notch formed on the suction side of the blade, and the front edge portion further includes a partial suction side; the suction side bonding notch has a suction side corner portion, the suction side corner portion is an acute angle, the composite material body is further bonded to the suction side bonding notch and embedded in the suction side corner portion, and a surface of the composite material body on the suction side of the blade is continuous with the partial suction surface to form a blade suction surface.
In one embodiment, the metal body forms an arc-shaped extension extending from the blade leading edge on the side opposite to the blade leading edge in the chord direction towards the blade trailing edge, the arc-shaped extension extending all the way to the blade trailing edge, and the pressure surface side bonding notch is formed on the pressure surface side of the arc-shaped extension.
In one embodiment, the metal body forms an arcuate extension extending towards the trailing edge of the blade on a side thereof opposite the leading edge in a chord direction, the pressure surface side bonding gap being formed on a pressure surface side of the arcuate extension, and the composite body forms the trailing edge portion of the blade.
In one embodiment, the arcuate extension extends along a mean camber line of the combined fan blade.
In one embodiment, the arcuate extension is offset toward a blade suction side or a blade pressure side relative to a mean camber line of the modular fan blade.
In one embodiment, the pressure surface side bonding notch and the suction surface side bonding notch have the same position in the chord direction at the corner portion.
In one embodiment, the pressure surface side bonding notch and the suction surface side bonding notch differ in position in the chord direction in a corner portion thereof.
In one embodiment, the acute angle is: a first acute angle formed by connecting two straight edges; a second acute angle with radian formed by connecting a straight edge and an arc edge; a third acute angle with radian formed by connecting two arc edges; or a fourth acute angle formed by chamfering the first acute angle, the second acute angle, or the third acute angle.
In one embodiment, the leading edge portion further comprises a partial suction surface; the metal body is configured to form the pressure surface side bonding notch only on the pressure surface side of the blade, the corner of the pressure surface side bonding notch is acute angle, and the surface on the suction surface side of the blade is configured to be continuous with the partial suction surface of the front edge part to form the suction surface of the blade.
In the configuration of the combined fan blade, the joint of the front edge part of the metal body structure and the arc-shaped extension part is in the form of an inner chamfer, and the part of the composite material body close to the front edge part can be inserted into the chamfer formed by the transition of the front edge part and the arc-shaped extension part, so that when the blade is subjected to impact such as bird strike, the composite material can be effectively prevented from being separated from the front edge part or the arc-shaped extension part of the metal body structure, and the blade is layered. That is, the impact resistance of the composite-metal interface can be improved.
Moreover, the combined fan blade has a simple structure, is easy to realize, does not need to greatly modify the existing structure of the combined fan blade made of composite materials and metal, and does not influence other performances of the fan blade. Or, the combined fan blade has obvious effect, and hardly influences the original hollow rate, strength and other properties of the hybrid blade.
Drawings
The accompanying drawings, which are included to provide a further understanding of the invention and are incorporated in and constitute a part of this application, illustrate embodiment(s) of the invention and together with the description serve to explain the principle of the invention. In the drawings:
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural view of a modular fan blade.
Fig. 2A and 2B are schematic diagrams respectively illustrating two extensions of the inner arcuate extension of the combined fan blade.
FIG. 3A is a schematic structural diagram illustrating a first embodiment of a combined fan blade.
Fig. 3B is a schematic structural view showing a first modification of the combined fan blade.
Fig. 3C is a schematic structural view showing a second modification of the combined fan blade.
Fig. 4 is a schematic structural view showing a third modification of the combined fan blade.
Fig. 5 is a schematic structural view showing a fourth modification of the combined fan blade.
Fig. 6 is a schematic structural view showing a fifth modification of the combined fan blade.
Fig. 7A, 7B and 7C are schematic views showing three forms of acute angles inside the combined fan blade, respectively.
Fig. 8A and 8B are bird strike simulation diagrams of the fan blade, in which fig. 8A shows a structural state when receiving a bird strike impact load when the corners are all in a right angle form, and fig. 8B shows a structural state when receiving a bird strike impact load when the corners are all in an acute angle form.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be further described with reference to the following detailed description and the accompanying drawings, wherein the following description sets forth further details for the purpose of providing a thorough understanding of the present invention, but it is apparent that the present invention can be embodied in many other forms other than those described herein, and it will be readily apparent to those skilled in the art that the present invention may be embodied in many different forms without departing from the spirit or scope of the invention.
For example, a first feature described later in the specification may be formed over or on a second feature, and may include embodiments in which the first and second features are formed in direct contact, and may also include embodiments in which additional features may be formed between the first and second features, such that the first and second features may not be in direct contact. Additionally, reference numerals and/or letters may be repeated in the various examples throughout this disclosure. This repetition is for the purpose of simplicity and clarity and does not in itself dictate a relationship between the various embodiments and/or configurations discussed. Further, when a first element is described as being coupled or coupled to a second element, the description includes embodiments in which the first and second elements are directly coupled or coupled to each other, as well as embodiments in which one or more additional intervening elements are added to indirectly couple or couple the first and second elements to each other.
As used herein, the terms "a," "an," and/or "the" are not intended to be inclusive in the singular, but rather are intended to be inclusive in the plural, unless the context clearly dictates otherwise. In general, the terms "comprises" and "comprising" merely indicate that steps and elements are included which are explicitly identified, that the steps and elements do not form an exclusive list, and that a method or apparatus may include other steps or elements.
For convenience in description, spatial relational terms such as "below," "beneath," "below," "under," "over," "upper," and the like may be used herein to describe one element or feature's relationship to another element or feature as illustrated in the figures. It will be understood that these terms of spatial relationship are intended to encompass other orientations of the device in use or operation in addition to the orientation depicted in the figures. For example, if the device in the figures is turned over, elements described as "below" or "beneath" other elements or features would then be oriented "above" the other elements or features. Thus, the exemplary words "below" and "beneath" can encompass both an orientation of up and down. The device may have other orientations (rotated 90 degrees or at other orientations) and the spatial relationship descriptors used herein should be interpreted accordingly. Further, it will also be understood that when a layer is referred to as being "between" two layers, it can be the only layer between the two layers, or one or more intervening layers may also be present.
It is noted that these and other figures which follow are merely exemplary and not drawn to scale and should not be considered as limiting the scope of the invention as it is actually claimed. Further, the conversion methods in the different embodiments may be appropriately combined.
Fig. 1 schematically illustrates a
In the invention, the combined
In fig. 1 to 7C, in order to make the structure clearer, the hatched area indicates a composite material, and the white area indicates a metal material. Referring to FIG. 1, the combined
Fig. 2A to 7C each show a cross-sectional view taken along line a-a in fig. 1, i.e., an airfoil section of the
For ease of description, the terms referred to in the combined
The
The
The
In fig. 2A, a pressure surface side bonding notch 14 (lower side in fig. 2A) and a suction surface side bonding notch 13 (upper side in fig. 2A) are formed on both sides of the arc-shaped
In the embodiment shown herein, the
In the assembled
Fig. 2A and 2B respectively show two extension cases of the arc-shaped
Fig. 3A, 3B, 3C, 4, 5 and 6 schematically illustrate a first embodiment, a first modification, a second modification, a third modification, a fourth modification and a fifth modification, respectively, of a combined
FIG. 3A illustrates a first embodiment of a
In the embodiment shown in FIG. 3A, the
Fig. 3B schematically illustrates a first modification of the combined
Fig. 3C schematically illustrates a second modification of the combined
The following numerical simulation results are now provided, see fig. 8A and 8B.
Fig. 8A and 8B are fan blade bird strike simulation diagrams. In the figure, the white areas represent metal, the gray areas represent composite material, and the black dot structures are bird bodies simulated by smooth particles. Fig. 8A shows the structural condition of the combined fan blade when the pressure side corner a2 and the suction side corner a1 are both right angle, and when the blade is subjected to a bird strike impact load, the composite material near the bird strike location is separated from the metal interface, representing that a portion of the smooth mass of the bird body is rushed into the separated interface breach, which increases the degree of interface separation. Fig. 8B shows the structural state when the pressure surface side corner a2 and the suction surface side corner a1 of the combined fan blade are both acute-angled, i.e., when the combined fan blade is subjected to bird strike impact load, the composite material and the metal interface are bonded, and the interface separation phenomenon is absent in the case of the first embodiment.
The above numerical simulation results show that when the pressure-surface-side corner a2 is set to be an acute angle, and preferably, when both the pressure-surface-side corner a2 and the suction-surface-side corner a1 are set to be an acute angle, the impact resistance of the combined
Fig. 4 schematically illustrates a third modification of the combined
Fig. 5 schematically illustrates a fourth modification of the combined
Fig. 6 schematically shows a fifth modification of the combined
Alternatively, a combined interface of composite and metallic material is present on one side of the blade. As shown in fig. 6, the suction surface side surface (i.e., the upper surface of fig. 6) of the
Fig. 7A, 7B, and 7C exemplarily show different acute angle forms of the pressure-face-side corner a2 or the suction-face-side corner a 1. Fig. 7A shows a first acute form as shown in fig. 3A, the first acute form M1 being formed by two straight sides L1, L2 being substantially straight, i.e. a geometrically commonly defined acute form, it being noted that straight sides L1, L2 are only substantially straight, e.g. in fig. 7A straight side L1 actually extends in a direction parallel to the direction of the mean camber line which is not completely straight. Fig. 7B shows a second acute angle form, the second acute angle M2 being formed by a generally straight flat side L1 and a concave arcuate side L2 joined together, the second acute angle M2 being an acute angle form having a curvature. The acute angle form may also include a third acute angle formed by joining two arcuate edges similar to the arcuate edge L2, which is also an acute angle form having a curvature. Fig. 7C shows a fourth acute angle form, the fourth acute angle M4 being formed by chamfering the first acute angle M1, the second acute angle M2 or the third acute angle, the embodiment shown in fig. 7C the fourth acute angle M4 being formed by chamfering the first acute angle M1, in another embodiment the chamfer may be a fillet, or alternatively, the fourth acute angle M4 shown in fig. 7C is a right-angled form. The acute angle forms can enable the ends of the composite material parts (such as the suction
The above description is only an embodiment of the present invention, but the scope of the present invention is not limited thereto, and any person skilled in the art can understand that the modifications or substitutions within the technical scope of the present invention are included in the scope of the present invention, and therefore, the scope of the present invention should be subject to the protection scope of the claims.
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