阅读说明：本技术 无空气间隙的梯形双极灭弧防雷装置 (Trapezoidal bipolar arc extinguishing lightning protection device without air gap ) 是由 王巨丰 王嬿蕾 闫仁宝 黄萍 于 2019-04-16 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明公开了一种无空气间隙的梯形双极灭弧防雷装置,主要由灭弧体、上电极和下电极组成；灭弧体的上下两端分别通过连接金具安装在绝缘子串的两端；灭弧体内部中空并沿着灭弧体纵向设有若干块绝缘隔板使得灭弧体内部形成若干个独立反冲灌注灭弧腔,在每一个反冲灌注灭弧腔内均放置有一个反冲装置且反冲装置在灭弧体内部呈阶梯式螺旋排列,两两相邻的反冲装置的反冲开口方向相反；两两相邻反冲装置之间的绝缘隔板上有壁电极,且壁电极一面与处于下方的反冲装置的顶部相连接另一面与处于上方的反冲装置的底部相连接；灭弧体上下两端的反冲装置的两个端头分别与上电极、下电极相连接,防雷效果好。(The invention discloses a trapezoidal bipolar arc extinguishing lightning protection device without an air gap, which mainly comprises an arc extinguishing body, an upper electrode and a lower electrode; the upper end and the lower end of the arc extinguishing body are respectively arranged at the two ends of the insulator string through connecting hardware fittings; the arc extinguishing body is hollow, a plurality of insulating partition plates are longitudinally arranged along the arc extinguishing body, so that a plurality of independent backflushing pouring arc extinguishing cavities are formed in the arc extinguishing body, a backflushing device is placed in each backflushing pouring arc extinguishing cavity and is spirally arranged in the arc extinguishing body in a stepped mode, and the backflushing opening directions of every two adjacent backflushing devices are opposite; wall electrodes are arranged on the insulating partition plate between every two adjacent backflushing devices, one surface of each wall electrode is connected with the top of the corresponding backflushing device below, and the other surface of each wall electrode is connected with the bottom of the corresponding backflushing device above; two ends of the recoil device at the upper end and the lower end of the arc extinguishing body are respectively connected with the upper electrode and the lower electrode, so that the lightning protection effect is good.)

1. A trapezoid bipolar arc extinguishing lightning protection device without air gap mainly comprises an arc extinguishing body (1), an upper electrode (2) and a lower electrode (3); the upper electrode (2) is fixedly arranged at the top of the arc extinguishing body (1), the lower electrode (3) is fixedly arranged at the bottom of the arc extinguishing body (1), and the upper end and the lower end of the arc extinguishing body (1) are respectively arranged at the two ends of the insulator string through connecting hardware fittings to form reliable electric connection; the method is characterized in that: the upper end and the lower end of the arc extinguishing body (1) are provided with openings, the interior of the arc extinguishing body is hollow, and a plurality of insulating partition plates (4) are longitudinally arranged along the arc extinguishing body (1) so that a plurality of independent backflushing filling arc extinguishing cavities (5) are formed in the arc extinguishing body (1); a recoil device (6) is arranged in each recoil pouring arc extinguishing cavity (5), the recoil devices are arranged in the arc extinguishing body (1) in a stepped spiral mode, and the recoil opening directions of every two adjacent recoil devices are opposite; wall electrodes (7) are arranged on the insulating partition plates (4) between every two adjacent backflushing devices (6), one surface of each wall electrode (7) is connected with the top of the backflushing device positioned below, and the other surface of each wall electrode is connected with the bottom of the backflushing device positioned above; the top of the recoil device at the uppermost end of the arc extinguishing body (1) is connected with the upper electrode (2), and the bottom of the recoil device at the lowermost end of the arc extinguishing body (1) is connected with the lower electrode (3).

2. The air gap-free trapezoidal bipolar arc extinguishing lightning protection device according to claim 1, wherein: the backflushing device (6) mainly comprises a backflushing pipe (61) and a lightning receptor (62); one end of the recoil pipe (61) is opened, and the other end of the recoil pipe is fixedly provided with the lightning receptor (62), so that the recoil device (6) becomes a semi-closed pipe fitting which is hollow inside, and is opened at one end and closed at the other end; the lightning receptor (62) is connected with the adjacent wall electrode (7).

3. The air gap-free trapezoidal bipolar arc extinguishing lightning protection device according to claim 2, wherein: an opening of the backflushing pipe (61) is provided with an arc guiding ring (611); the arc guiding ring (611) is connected with the adjacent wall electrode (7).

4. The air gap-free trapezoidal bipolar arc extinguishing lightning protection device according to claim 1, wherein: the cross section of the arc extinguishing body (1) is of a honeycomb structure.

5. The air gap-free trapezoidal bipolar arc extinguishing lightning protection device according to claim 1, wherein: the outer surface of the arc extinguishing body (1) is provided with a plurality of skirt edges (8).

6. The air gap-free trapezoidal bipolar arc extinguishing lightning protection device according to claim 1, wherein: the wall electrode (7) adopts an arc guide electrode plate or a compression arc extinguishing tube.

7. The air gap-free trapezoidal bipolar arc extinguishing lightning protection device according to claim 6, wherein: the inside of compression arc-extinguishing pipe be equipped with the arc guide ball.

Technical Field

The invention belongs to a lightning protection device for a power transmission and distribution overhead line, and relates to a trapezoidal bipolar arc extinguishing lightning protection device without an air gap.

Background

Lightning strike can bring different forms of damage and destruction to electric power facilities, lightning strike overvoltage can be caused in an electric power system by thundercloud discharge, and common overvoltage in an overhead line comprises overvoltage of lightning strike near the overhead line on a power transmission line through electromagnetic induction and overvoltage generated by lightning striking on a wire directly. Lightning stroke causes overvoltage, and can damage insulators and power transmission lines; lightning stroke causes flashover discharge of the insulator, can cause burning and shedding on the surface of porcelain or reticular cracks on the glass insulator, and greatly reduces the insulating strength; lightning strikes on a power transmission line or a lightning conductor can cause strand breakage and even breakage, so that power transmission work cannot be carried out.

Lightning protection of a power transmission line is always important content of lightning protection work of a power department, and lightning faults are still one of important factors influencing the safety of a power grid. Impact flashover caused by lightning strike on a power transmission line causes flashover of a line insulator, then large power frequency follow current is generated, an insulator string and hardware fittings are damaged, and line accidents are caused. The protection of the power department is generally realized by additionally arranging a line lightning protector on a power transmission line.

The applicant and the related inventors have found the following problems in the existing lightning protection device in the continuous research process: 1) the arc extinguishing capacity is not strong, and the arc extinguishing energy of the arc extinguishing device always effects the flashover arc energy; 2) the arc extinguishing sensitivity is not high, and the problem that an arc extinguishing device does not work under the condition of low-temperature arc exists; 3) the durability is poor, most arc extinguishing devices need gas generating materials to provide arc extinguishing conditions, and unnecessary consumption exists in extreme environments; 4) influenced by the operation mode, the arc extinguishing and lightning protection effects are poor.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to provide a trapezoidal double-pole arc extinguishing lightning protection device without an air gap, which has better effectiveness and durability, aiming at the defects in the prior art.

In order to achieve the purpose, the technical scheme of the invention is as follows:

a ladder-shaped bipolar arc extinguishing lightning protection device without air gaps mainly comprises an arc extinguishing body, an upper electrode and a lower electrode; the upper electrode is fixedly arranged at the top of the arc extinguishing body, the lower electrode is fixedly arranged at the bottom of the arc extinguishing body, and the upper end and the lower end of the arc extinguishing body are respectively arranged at the two ends of the insulator string through the connecting hardware fittings to form reliable electric connection; openings are formed in the upper end and the lower end of the arc extinguishing body, the interior of the arc extinguishing body is hollow, and a plurality of insulating partition plates are longitudinally arranged along the arc extinguishing body, so that a plurality of independent back-flushing perfusion arc extinguishing cavities are formed in the arc extinguishing body, a back-flushing device is placed in each back-flushing perfusion arc extinguishing cavity, the back-flushing devices are arranged in the arc extinguishing body in a stepped spiral mode, and the back-flushing opening directions of every two adjacent back-flushing devices are opposite (namely the back-flushing devices in the arc extinguishing body are arranged at intervals in the same direction; and wall electrodes are arranged on the insulating partition plate between every two adjacent backflushing devices, one surface of each wall electrode is connected with the top of the backflushing device below, the other surface of each wall electrode is connected with the bottom of the backflushing device above, the top of the backflushing device at the uppermost end of the arc extinguishing body is connected with the upper electrode, and the bottom of the backflushing device at the lowermost end of the arc extinguishing body is connected with the lower electrode.

In the invention, the backflushing devices are arranged in a spiral step shape, only one backflushing device is arranged in each backflushing pouring arc extinguishing cavity, the backflushing arc extinguishing can be carried out on the electric arc in sequence, and the wall electrode is arranged, so that the flashover path of the electric arc can be limited. Meanwhile, the recoil openings of every two adjacent recoil devices are arranged oppositely, so that the electric arc can be effectively recoiled and extinguished no matter the lightning arc flashover from top to bottom or from bottom to top.

The invention further discloses that the backflushing device mainly comprises a backflushing pipe and a lightning receptor; one end of the recoil pipe is opened, and the other end of the recoil pipe is fixedly provided with the lightning receptor, so that the recoil device becomes a semi-closed pipe fitting which is hollow inside and is opened at one end and closed at the other end; the lightning receptor is connected with the adjacent wall electrode.

The invention further discloses that an opening of the back flushing pipe is provided with an arc guiding ring; the arc guide ring is connected with the adjacent wall electrode.

The invention further discloses that the cross section of the arc extinguishing body is of a honeycomb structure.

The invention further discloses that a plurality of skirt edges are arranged on the outer surface of the arc-extinguishing lightning-protection arc-extinguishing body. The skirt edge is added outside the device structure, the creepage distance is enhanced, and electric arc creeping discharge is avoided.

The invention further discloses that the wall electrode adopts an arc guide electrode plate or a compression arc extinguishing tube. The inside of compression arc-extinguishing pipe be equipped with the arc guide ball. The compression arc-extinguishing tube adopts a ceramic tube.

The invention further illustrates that the inner wall of the arc extinguishing body is mainly made of high-strength and strong-pressure-resistant non-conductive materials, such as alloy ceramics, rare earth ceramics, graphene-ceramic composite materials, organic ceramics and other non-conductive materials; the insulating partition plate is made of a high-strength and strong-pressure-resistant non-conductive material, such as synthetic silicon rubber, rare earth glass, graphene glass and other non-conductive materials; the wall electrode material is a metal or nonmetal with strong conductivity, such as copper, aluminum, tungsten, nickel, iron, graphite and the like.

The technical principle of the invention is as follows:

the arc-extinguishing lightning protection device is connected beside the insulator string in parallel, a flashover air channel is arranged in the middle, through insulation matching, lightning overvoltage generated when a tower or a lightning conductor is struck by lightning preferentially breaks through the parallel channel to protect the insulator string, and formed electric arc enters the trapezoidal bipolar arc-extinguishing lightning protection device without air gaps.

The electric arc is a plasma with elastic deformation, after the electric arc enters the backflushing device through the arc guide ring, due to the limitation of the backflushing pipe wall, when the electric arc enters the initial end of the backflushing pipe, the density, the speed and the temperature are increased, so that the pressure in the pipe is increased, finally, a pressure explosion effect is generated, the electric arc impacts a lightning receptor at the bottom of the backflushing pipe, the electric arc is subjected to reverse elasticity at the bottom of the blocked backflushing pipe, the advancing direction of most of the electric arc is changed by 180 degrees, and the rebounded electric arc acts on an outer electric arc at an inlet due to the fact that the speed, the density and the pressure are larger, so that the electric arc at. The rest part of the electric arc enters the next recoil pipe due to the coulomb force of the wall electrode, and the process is repeated.

The back-flushing pipe in this patent is a narrow pipe filling channel, which is the only channel for the electric arc to enter the device. A variety of physical changes occur during perfusion.

1. The arc plasma is elastically deformed. When the arc plasma enters the inlet of the back flushing pipe, the physical shape is changed firstly, a coarse arc is changed into an ultrafine arc, the radial pressure is changed into the axial pressure, and the spraying speed is accelerated during the arc back flushing due to the back flushing effect of the narrow pipe.

2. The arc temperature rise effect is exacerbated. After the electric arc is thinned, the cross-sectional area of the electric arc is reduced according to the formulaThe arc resistance will increase substantially. Because the lightning arc is often used as a constant current source in practical experience work according to a formulaIt is known that although the impact time is only a few microseconds, the overall energy increases and the packing temperature in the recoil tube increases.

Arc radiation, convection and conduction are three ways of energy loss, and because heat cannot be released in a closed pipeline, namely an exogenous plugging environment, the arc is blocked, heat can be generated only, heat dissipation cannot be realized, so that blocking temperature rise can be generated, and the temperature in the pipeline is continuously increased.

3. The pressure explosion effect increases sharply. When the temperature is gradually increased, the accumulation of the electric arc is increased, the pressure explosion effect is further aggravated, and the electric arc spraying strength is larger.

When electric arc gets into the recoil device from the arrester, because the recoil pipe is very thin, thick thunder and lightning electric arc can be deformed into slender electric arc when getting into the recoil pipe, is full of whole pipeline, and the pipeline can produce the effort to electric arc and finally can form the pressure and explode the effect, blocks passing through of follow-up electric arc, produces the arc and cuts. And a small part of electric arc enters the next recoil pipe under the coulomb force action of the arc guide ring and the arc guide piece, and the process is repeated.

In contrast to multiple chambers

(1) And (5) the durability is compared. The gas production material added into the multi-cavity needs to be baked at high temperature to produce gas, so that the gas production material in the multi-cavity arc extinguishing device is consumed in a high-temperature environment, and the durability of the multi-cavity is poor; the pouring material adopted by the invention has no consumption factor, does not need to extinguish arc through a gas generation mechanism, and has better durability.

(2) And (5) arc extinguishing effect comparison. When electric arcs pass through every two adjacent electrodes in the multi-cavity chamber, a condensation polar effect is generated, namely the temperature of the electric arcs under the adjacent electrodes is low, gas production effect is poor due to baking of gas production materials by low-temperature electric arcs, and arc extinguishing effect is poor due to contradiction between the condensation polar effect and arc extinguishing formed by baking of gas production at high temperature; the invention adopts a narrow tube pouring mechanism, the electric arc collision generates huge arc extinguishing energy, and the self energy of the electric arc and the collision arc extinguishing are utilized, so that the arc extinguishing effect is excellent.

(3) And (5) comparing arc extinguishing sensitivity. According to the durability and the arc extinguishing effect, as the durability of the multi-cavity is influenced by high temperature, the generated gas is influenced by the electrode condensation pole effect, namely the low-temperature arc baking capability is extremely low, the contradiction between the condensation pole effect and the high-temperature baked generated gas forming arc extinguishing is formed, the arc extinguishing effect is poor when a small arc passes through, the multi-cavity can only act correctly when a larger arc passes through the multi-cavity, and the relay protection action is caused by the circulation of the large arc, namely, a trip accident exists, so the arc extinguishing sensitivity of the multi-cavity is not ideal; in the invention, no matter large electric arcs or small electric arcs exist, the electric arcs are only required to enter the invention to generate a perfusion mechanism, and the sensitivity is higher.

(4) And comparing the operation modes. According to the sensitivity analysis, the action of the multi-cavity is influenced by external factors such as a system operation mode, short-circuit current and the like, and an arc extinguishing blind area exists, so that the multi-cavity lightning protection matching is very difficult; the invention has no influence of external factors such as system operation mode, short-circuit current and the like.

The invention has the following advantages:

(1) an arc path is restrained and controlled, the arc is consistent with an arc extinguishing channel, and the harm of arc drift is eliminated;

(2) the back-flushing devices in the back-flushing perfusion arc-extinguishing cavities act on the electric arcs to realize mutual isolation of different electric arc sections, and the electric arcs are cut off at the flashers in each back-flushing assembly and are not easy to re-ignite;

(3) the wall electrode in the clapboard outside the back-flushing pouring arc extinguishing cavity can effectively disperse the energy of the electric arc, so that the whole electric arc is broken into parts;

(4) the recoil device in the recoil perfusion arc extinguishing cavity is not influenced by temperature and electrodynamic force in the arc extinguishing process;

(5) the electric arc is extinguished in the impact arc extinguishing section and destroys the power frequency arc establishing channel, and the relay protection device is ensured not to be perceived;

(6) the ladder-shaped bipolar arc extinguishing lightning protection device without air gap has wide application range and is not influenced by the arrangement of conducting wires, tower type and polarity effect

(7) The lightning protection device is effectively prevented from flashover, the lightning trip-out rate of the power equipment is reduced, the power facilities are protected, the reliability of a power grid is improved, and the power safety production is facilitated.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic view of an installation structure of a trapezoidal bipolar arc extinguishing lightning protection device according to the present invention;

FIG. 2 is an expanded view of the internal partial structure of the trapezoidal bipolar arc extinguishing lightning protection device of the present invention;

FIG. 3 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a trapezoidal bipolar arc extinguishing lightning protection device according to the present invention;

FIG. 4 is a schematic view of the recoil assembly of the present invention.

Wherein, each icon and the corresponding part name are as follows:

1-arc extinguishing body, 2-upper electrode, 3-lower electrode, 4-insulating partition board, 5-backflushing perfusion arc extinguishing cavity, 6-backflushing device, 7-wall electrode, 8-skirt edge, 61-backflushing tube, 62 lightning receptor, 611-arc guiding ring.

Detailed Description

The present invention will be described in further non-limiting detail with reference to the following preferred embodiments and accompanying drawings.