阅读说明：本技术 一种透水式防波堤结构及其施工方法 (Water permeable breakwater structure and construction method thereof ) 是由 吴坚源 袁明明 吴坚麟 于 2021-08-12 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明属于海洋工程技术领域,提供一种透水式防波堤结构及其施工方法,主要包括若干沉箱和挡浪板；所述沉箱包括自上而下设置的第一沉箱段和第二沉箱段,沿竖直方向,所述第一沉箱段的投影面积小于所述第二沉箱段的投影面积；所述沉箱上设置有供所述挡浪板装设的安装结构；所述挡浪板上设置有若干消浪孔；若干所述沉箱通过在侧部顺次叠设以形成防波堤,相邻两所述第一沉箱段之间形成有透水区,所述挡浪板设置在所述透水区上,且所述挡浪板的两端分别与不同的所述沉箱安装连接。本发明可以使得防波堤结构在具有较高透水率的前提下,并能确保在使用状态下时结构重心的稳定性,使用更为安全、可靠。(The invention belongs to the technical field of ocean engineering, and provides a water permeable breakwater structure and a construction method thereof, which mainly comprise a plurality of caissons and wave blocking plates; the caisson comprises a first caisson section and a second caisson section which are arranged from top to bottom, and the projection area of the first caisson section is smaller than that of the second caisson section along the vertical direction; the caisson is provided with an installation structure for installing the wave board; the wave blocking plate is provided with a plurality of wave dissipating holes; the caisson is sequentially stacked on the side part to form a breakwater, a water permeable area is formed between every two adjacent caisson sections, the breakwater is arranged on the water permeable area, and two ends of the breakwater are respectively connected with different caisson installation. The invention can ensure the stability of the gravity center of the breakwater structure in the use state on the premise of higher water permeability, and is safer and more reliable to use.)

1. A permeable breakwater structure is characterized by comprising a plurality of caissons and wave blocking plates;

the caisson comprises a first caisson section and a second caisson section which are arranged from top to bottom, and the projection area of the first caisson section is smaller than that of the second caisson section along the vertical direction; the caisson is provided with an installation structure for installing the wave board;

the wave blocking plate is provided with a plurality of wave dissipating holes; the caisson is sequentially stacked on the side part to form a breakwater, a water permeable area is formed between every two adjacent caisson sections, the breakwater is arranged on the water permeable area, and two ends of the breakwater are respectively connected with different caisson installation.

2. The permeable breakwater structure of claim 1, wherein a transition section is provided between the first caisson section and the second caisson section, the transition section having a sectional area gradually decreasing in a direction from the second caisson section to the first caisson section.

3. The permeable breakwater structure of claim 1 or 2, wherein the second caisson section has a permeable hole formed therethrough, and the permeable hole is located at two ends of the breakwater.

4. The permeable breakwater structure of claim 3, wherein a toe structure is formed at the bottom end of the caisson corresponding to both ends of the permeable hole.

5. The permeable breakwater structure of claim 1 or 4, wherein the installation structure comprises a slot provided on the first caisson section, and the end of the breakwater is inserted into the slot.

6. The permeable breakwater structure of claim 5, wherein support brackets are provided at the ends of the insertion grooves in the vertical direction.

7. The permeable breakwater structure according to claim 1 or 6, wherein a plurality of said mounting structures are provided on said caisson along a length direction of said permeable zone, and a plurality of said breakwaters are provided side by side at intervals in the same permeable zone;

the wave dissipation holes in the wave blocking plates which are adjacently arranged in the same water permeable area are arranged in a staggered mode.

8. The permeable breakwater structure of claim 7, wherein the top of the breakwater is provided with a panel structure, and the side of the panel structure near the open sea is provided with a wave wall.

9. The permeable breakwater structure of claim 8, wherein a guard rail is provided on the panel structure at a side opposite to the wave wall.

10. A construction method of a water permeable breakwater structure applied to a water permeable breakwater structure of any one of claims 1 to 9, comprising the steps of:

s10, excavating a foundation trench according to design requirements, and backfilling and leveling the excavated foundation trench to form a foundation bed;

s20, prefabricating the caisson and the breakwater, mounting the prefabricated caisson on the foundation bed, performing stabilizing operation, and mounting the breakwater between two adjacent caissons;

and S30, constructing a panel structure on the top end face formed by the caisson and the wave blocking plate, and constructing a wave blocking wall and a protective guard on the panel structure.

Technical Field

The invention belongs to the technical field of ocean engineering, and particularly relates to a water permeable breakwater structure and a construction method thereof.

Background

The coastal breakwater project is generally positioned at the periphery of a port water area and is used for resisting storms and ensuring stable water surface in the port, so that the coastal breakwater project is a hydraulic building essential for ensuring the safety of construction of ships and ports. With the development of marine economy in China, the environmental protection requirement on coastal hydraulic buildings is higher and higher, and particularly, a certain water permeability is required to be kept for a breakwater so as to meet the requirements of marine environmental protection and ecology.

At present, the breakwater structure in the traditional technology is generally provided with a water passage on the upper part of the structure for water permeation operation; however, in this structure, the water passage reserved in the breakwater structure is limited structurally and cannot be set too large, so that the water permeability is low, the center of gravity of the breakwater structure is easily moved upwards, and potential safety hazards are brought to the use of the whole breakwater structure.

Disclosure of Invention

In order to overcome the above disadvantages of the prior art, an object of the present invention is to provide a water permeable breakwater structure and a construction method thereof, so that the breakwater structure can ensure the stability of the center of gravity of the structure in a use state under the premise of high water permeability, and is safer and more reliable to use.

The technical scheme adopted by the invention for solving the technical problems is as follows:

a permeable breakwater structure comprises a plurality of caissons and a wave blocking plate;

the caisson comprises a first caisson section and a second caisson section which are arranged from top to bottom, and the projection area of the first caisson section is smaller than that of the second caisson section along the vertical direction; the caisson is provided with an installation structure for installing the wave board;

the wave blocking plate is provided with a plurality of wave dissipating holes; the caisson is sequentially stacked on the side part to form a breakwater, a water permeable area is formed between every two adjacent caisson sections, the breakwater is arranged on the water permeable area, and two ends of the breakwater are respectively connected with different caisson installation.

Preferably, a transition section is arranged between the first caisson section and the second caisson section, and the sectional area of the transition section gradually decreases along the direction from the second caisson section to the first caisson section.

Preferably, a water penetration hole penetrates through the second caisson section, and two ends of the water penetration hole, which penetrate through the second caisson section, are located on two sides of the breakwater respectively.

Preferably, the two ends penetrating through the permeable holes are provided with convex toe structures at the bottom ends of the caissons.

Preferably, the mounting structure comprises an insertion groove arranged on the first caisson section, and the end of the breakwater is clamped in the insertion groove.

Preferably, the supporting bracket is correspondingly arranged at the tail end of the insertion groove along the vertical direction.

Preferably, a plurality of mounting structures are arranged on the caisson along the length direction of the water permeable area, and a plurality of wave blocking plates are arranged in the same water permeable area side by side at intervals;

the wave dissipation holes in the wave blocking plates which are adjacently arranged in the same water permeable area are arranged in a staggered mode.

Preferably, a panel structure is arranged at the top end of the breakwater, and a wave wall is arranged on one side of the panel structure close to the open sea in a whole length mode.

Preferably, a guard rail is arranged on one side of the panel structure opposite to the wave blocking wall.

A construction method of a water permeable breakwater structure is suitable for the water permeable breakwater structure and comprises the following steps:

s10, excavating a foundation trench according to design requirements, and backfilling and leveling the excavated foundation trench to form a foundation bed;

s20, prefabricating the caisson and the breakwater, mounting the prefabricated caisson on the foundation bed, performing stabilizing operation, and mounting the breakwater between two adjacent caissons;

and S30, constructing a panel structure on the top end face formed by the caisson and the wave blocking plate, and constructing a wave blocking wall and a protective guard on the panel structure.

Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:

the breakwater structure provided in the scheme is provided with the caisson and the breakwater, the first caisson section and the second caisson section which are different in projection area are ingeniously arranged on the caisson, and the projection area of the second caisson section located below is larger than that of the first caisson section located above. Under the structure form, the gravity center of the caisson can be effectively reduced, and the stability of the breakwater is ensured; meanwhile, a permeable area can be directly formed between adjacent first caisson sections, and a larger permeable hole is formed in the second caisson section, so that the permeable rate of the breakwater structure is greatly improved, the permeable requirements of water layers with different elevations are met, and the permeable capacity is high.

In addition, a wave blocking plate is arranged in a water permeable area formed between the first caisson sections, and wave dissipation holes are formed in the wave blocking plate, so that seawater waves are blocked at different elevations, the influence of the waves on the water area inside the breakwater is greatly reduced, and the whole breakwater structure is more stable, safe and reliable in use. And caisson and manger plate in this scheme all can carry out prefabrication production, can effectively shorten construction period and improve the efficiency of construction to be convenient for popularize and apply.

Drawings

In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the drawings needed to be used in the description of the embodiments are briefly introduced below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are some embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious for those skilled in the art to obtain other drawings based on these drawings without creative efforts.

Fig. 1 is a schematic front view of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a side cross-sectional structural schematic view of the present invention.

Fig. 3 is a schematic structural view of the caisson of the invention.

Wherein:

10-breakwater;

1-caisson, 101-partition wall, 11-first caisson section, 111-inserting groove, 112-supporting bracket, 12-transition section, 13-second caisson section, 131-permeable hole, 132-convex toe structure and 14-permeable area;

2-wave blocking plates, 21-wave dissipating holes; 3-panel structure, 31-wave wall, 32-protective fence; 4-seabed, 5-bedbed.

Detailed Description

So that the manner in which the above recited objects, features and advantages of the present invention can be understood in detail, a more particular description of the invention, briefly summarized above, may be had by reference to the embodiments thereof which are illustrated in the appended drawings. In addition, the embodiments and features of the embodiments of the present application may be combined with each other without conflict. In the following description, numerous specific details are set forth to provide a thorough understanding of the present invention, and the described embodiments are merely a subset of the embodiments of the present invention, rather than a complete embodiment. All other embodiments, which can be obtained by a person skilled in the art without any inventive step based on the embodiments of the present invention, are within the scope of the present invention.

Unless defined otherwise, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this invention belongs. The terminology used herein in the description of the invention is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting of the invention.

Example 1

As shown in fig. 1 to 3, the present embodiment provides a permeable breakwater structure, which mainly includes a plurality of caissons 1 and a plurality of breakwaters 2; the plurality of caissons 1 are sequentially stacked on the side to form a breakwater foundation, and the breakwater 2 is disposed between two adjacent caissons 1 to form a breakwater 10.

Specifically, the caisson 1 includes a first caisson section 11, a transition section 12, and a second caisson section 13, which are sequentially arranged from top to bottom. In this embodiment, when the caisson 1 is observed in the vertical direction, the projection area of the first caisson section 11 is smaller than the projection area of the second caisson section 13, so that the gravity center of the caisson 1 can be effectively lowered, and the stability of the caisson 1 in the use state is ensured.

Preferably, the transition section 12 disposed between the first caisson section 11 and the second caisson section 13 has a cross-sectional area that decreases gradually from the second caisson section 13 to the first caisson section 11. A transition section 12 with a variable cross section is formed in the middle of the caisson 1, so that the intersection of the transition section and water flow is more consistent, and wave flow impact response is reduced.

Meanwhile, in the structural form, a water permeable area 14 can be formed between two adjacent first caisson sections 11, so that the arrangement of holes at the middle upper part of the caisson 1 can be avoided, and the structure of the caisson 1 is prevented from being influenced; the breakwater 2 is arranged in the permeable area 14, and two ends of the breakwater 2 are respectively connected with different caissons 1.

In a preferred embodiment, a water-permeable hole 131 is penetratingly formed in the second caisson section 13, and two ends of the penetratingly formed water-permeable hole 131 are respectively located at two sides of the breakwater 10. When the breakwaters 10 are arranged in a straight line, the length direction of the water penetration hole 131 is perpendicular to the length direction of the breakwater 10. In addition, the bottom end of the caisson 1 is provided with a convex toe structure 132 corresponding to the two ends of the permeable hole 131 and used for stable placement of the caisson 1 on the foundation bed. In this embodiment, the convex toe structure 132 includes a front convex toe and a rear convex toe, the front convex toe and the rear convex toe are respectively protruded toward the front side and the rear side of the caisson 1, and the left side and the right side of the caisson 1, especially the left side and the right side of the second caisson section 13, are set to be a plane structure, so as to facilitate the close arrangement of the two adjacent caissons 1.

Further, the caisson 1 is provided with an installation structure for installing the breakwater 2. Preferably, the mounting structure includes an insertion slot 111 provided on the first caisson section 11, and the end of the breakwater 2 is inserted into the insertion slot 111. Specifically, the interior of the caisson 1 in the embodiment is a hollow structure, so as to facilitate the post-filling operation of the filler; a plurality of partition walls 101 are provided inside the caisson 1 to divide an internal hollow structure of the caisson 1 into regions and also serve as an internal support structure of the caisson 1. The cartridge slot 111 is only arranged on the side wall of the hollow structure, and is not communicated with the hollow structure area.

Preferably, a support bracket 112 is correspondingly arranged at the end of the insertion groove 111 along the vertical direction of the caisson 1. When the breakwater 2 is clamped in the insertion groove 111, the bottom end of the breakwater is erected on the support bracket 112, and the whole structure has better stress. In this embodiment, the caisson 1 and the breakwater 2 are both prefabricated and formed by using a reinforced concrete structure.

In addition, a plurality of wave dissipation holes 21 are formed in the wave blocking plate 2. And along the length direction of the permeable area 14, i.e. the direction from the open sea side to the inner water area, a plurality of mounting structures are arranged on the caisson 1; in this embodiment, the mounting structure is arranged on the first caisson section 11 to correspond to the waves on the sea surface. A plurality of wave breaker 2 looks interval ground sets up side by side in same in the district 14 of permeating water to adjacent setting in the same district 14 of permeating water wave dissipation hole 21 on the wave breaker 2 is the dislocation set, in order to avoid a plurality of wave dissipation hole 21 on the wave breaker 2 forms the through-hole, thereby improves the wave effect.

In this embodiment, a panel structure 3 is further provided on the top end of the breakwater 10. The panel structure 3 is also made of a reinforced concrete structure, the top end surface of the breakwater 10 is mainly composed of the top end surface of the caisson 1 and the top end surface of the breakwater 2, and in one application example, the top end surface of the breakwater 2 should be controlled to be flush with the top end surface of the caisson 1. Further, the panel structures 3 on the caisson 1 can be made in a cast-in-place manner, and the panel structures 3 on the breakwaters 2 can be made in a prefabricated manner.

Furthermore, a wave wall 31 is arranged on one side of the panel structure 3 close to the open sea in a full length manner, and a guard rail 32 is arranged on one side of the panel structure 3 opposite to the wave wall 31; in this embodiment, the wave wall 31 is made of reinforced concrete, and the guard rail 32 may be made of concrete or metal.

In order to facilitate further understanding of the present solution, a construction method of a water permeable breakwater structure is further provided in this embodiment, and the construction method is applicable to the above water permeable breakwater structure, and specifically includes the following steps:

s10, excavating a foundation trench on the seabed 4 according to design requirements, wherein the foundation trench is required to meet the width and depth required by the design.

S11, backfilling the rock blocks in the excavated foundation trench, and leveling after backfilling to form a foundation bed 5 for placing the caisson 1.

S20, prefabricating the caisson 1, the breakwater 2 and the panel structure 3.

S21, arranging the prefabricated caissons 1 in a row according to the preset shape of the breakwater 10 to be installed on the foundation bed 5; the internal space of the caisson 1 is then filled with medium grit to stabilize the caisson 1.

S22, according to the inserting grooves 111 reserved in the caissons 1, the breakwaters 2 are installed in the corresponding inserting grooves 111 between two adjacent caissons 1 at intervals; the wave dissipating holes 21 on two adjacent wave-breaking plates 2 in the same water permeable area 14 are staggered.

S30, constructing the panel structure 3 on the top end face formed by the caisson 1 and the breakwater 2; the panel structure 3 positioned at the top of the caisson 1 is formed by cast-in-place construction, and the panel structure 3 positioned on the breakwater 2 is formed by prefabrication. As one of the application examples, the panel structures 3 on the breakwaters 2 may be hoisted and installed, and then the pouring of the panel structure 3 on the top of the caisson 1 located in the middle may be completed based on the panel structures 3 on two adjacent breakwaters 2, so as to ensure the connectivity between the panel structures 3 and effectively control the construction period.

S31, constructing a wave blocking wall 31 on one side, close to the open sea, of the panel structure 3, wherein the wave blocking wall 31 is preferably set to be of a reinforced concrete structure.

S32, constructing a protective guard 32 on one side, close to an inner water area, of the panel structure 3; when the guard rail 32 is made of metal, anti-corrosion measures should be set for the guard rail 32.

The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and is not intended to limit the present invention in any way, so that any modification, equivalent change and modification made to the above embodiment according to the technical spirit of the present invention are within the scope of the technical solution of the present invention.