阅读说明：本技术 一种混杂纤维增强树脂基复合材料3d打印丝材制备方法 (Preparation method of hybrid fiber reinforced resin matrix composite material 3D printing wire ) 是由 肖鸿 李婷 明越科 段玉岗 郭文辉 马玥 于 2020-07-27 设计创作，主要内容包括：一种混杂纤维增强树脂基复合材料3D打印丝材制备方法,将纤维线轴上缠绕的不同干纤维丝束分别穿过纤维线轴座中心的导向孔,不同种纤维丝穿过的导向孔不同,纤维线轴座做旋转运动,带动靠近纤维线轴座一端的不同纤维干丝分别绕纤维线轴座中心旋转,因为纤维干丝的另一端不旋转,从而能形成一束麻花状混杂连续纤维丝束；将麻花状混杂连续纤维丝束穿过树脂溶液槽中的滚筒,再穿过树脂溶液槽上的刮胶孔,刮去多余的树脂,得到预浸后的麻花状混杂连续纤维丝束；将预浸后的麻花状混杂连续纤维束经过定型口模定型、冷却、预浸料收卷轮收卷,最终得到混杂纤维增强树脂基复合材料3D打印丝材,该丝材可直接用于3D打印机,发挥各纤维优势,提高成型件性能。(A3D printing wire preparation method of a hybrid fiber reinforced resin matrix composite material is characterized in that different dry fiber tows wound on a fiber spool respectively pass through guide holes in the center of a fiber spool seat, different fiber yarns pass through different guide holes, and a fiber spool seat rotates to drive the different dry fiber yarns close to one end of the fiber spool seat to respectively rotate around the center of the fiber spool seat, and the other end of each dry fiber yarn does not rotate, so that a bunch of twist-shaped hybrid continuous fiber tows can be formed; passing the twisted hybrid continuous fiber tows through a roller in a resin solution tank, then passing through a glue scraping hole in the resin solution tank, and scraping redundant resin to obtain pre-soaked twisted hybrid continuous fiber tows; and (3) shaping the pre-soaked twisted hybrid continuous fiber bundle through a shaping neck mold, cooling and winding a pre-soaked material winding wheel to finally obtain a hybrid fiber reinforced resin matrix composite 3D printing wire material, wherein the wire material can be directly used for a 3D printer, the advantages of each fiber are exerted, and the performance of a formed part is improved.)

1. A preparation method of a hybrid fiber reinforced resin matrix composite 3D printing wire is characterized by comprising the following steps:

1) different dry fiber tows wound on the fiber spool respectively pass through guide holes in the center of the fiber spool seat, different fiber yarns pass through different guide holes, the fiber spool seat rotates to drive the different dry fiber yarns close to one end of the fiber spool seat to respectively rotate around the center of the fiber spool seat, and the other end of the dry fiber yarns does not rotate, so that a bunch of twist-shaped mixed continuous fiber tows can be formed;

2) a roller is arranged in the middle of the resin solution tank, the roller and the fiber spool base are coaxial, the twisted hybrid continuous fiber tows obtained in the step 1) pass through the roller in the resin solution tank and then pass through a glue scraping hole in the resin solution tank, and redundant resin is scraped to obtain pre-soaked twisted hybrid continuous fiber tows;

3) and (3) shaping the pre-impregnated twisted hybrid continuous fiber bundle obtained in the step 2) through a shaping die, cooling, and winding a pre-impregnated material winding wheel to finally obtain the hybrid fiber reinforced resin matrix composite 3D printing wire material.

2. The preparation method of the hybrid fiber reinforced resin matrix composite 3D printing wire according to claim 1, characterized in that: the fiber reel seat in the step 1) is provided with 2 or more than 2 reels and 2 or more than 2 guide holes; the number of the bobbins is equal to or different from that of the guide holes, 1 fiber is wound on 1 bobbin, and a plurality of fiber dry filaments of the same kind pass through a plurality of guide holes or pass through 1 guide hole; different kinds of dry fiber yarns penetrate through different guide holes, and different numbers of bobbins and guide holes are designed according to experimental requirements.

3. The preparation method of the hybrid fiber reinforced resin matrix composite 3D printing wire according to claim 1, characterized in that: the fiber bobbin seat in the step 1) is installed on the wall of the resin solution tank, wherein the fiber bobbin is arranged outside the resin solution tank, different fiber dry tows are wound on the different fiber bobbin, and the fiber dry tows enter the resin solution tank through a guide hole in the fiber bobbin seat to start presoaking.

4. The preparation method of the hybrid fiber reinforced resin matrix composite 3D printing wire according to claim 1, characterized in that: the dry fiber in the step 1) is any two or more than two continuous fibers.

5. The preparation method of the hybrid fiber reinforced resin matrix composite 3D printing wire according to claim 1, characterized in that: the different dry fiber yarns in the step 1) are wound in the same direction around the respective yarn shafts and are clockwise or anticlockwise, the dry fiber yarns penetrate through the guide holes, the dry fiber yarns are in a tensioning state, the dry fiber yarns can transmit certain tension to the fiber yarn shafts, the tension transmitted by the dry fiber yarns can form a torque which enables the fiber yarn shaft base to rotate, the torque is ensured to be the same as the rotation direction of the fiber yarn shaft base, and therefore the dry fiber yarns are ensured to be pulled out smoothly outwards.

6. The preparation method of the hybrid fiber reinforced resin matrix composite 3D printing wire according to claim 1, characterized in that: the resin matrix in the resin solution tank in the step 2) is a thermosetting or thermoplastic resin matrix, and specific resin components are determined according to experimental requirements.

7. The preparation method of the hybrid fiber reinforced resin matrix composite 3D printing wire according to claim 1, characterized in that: the inside thread groove that has of cylinder in step 2), the screw thread is revolved to the same with twisted mixed fiber tow and is revolved to the same, installs the gear on the cylinder to do rotary motion under the gear drives, rotary direction is for promoting twisted mixed fiber tow to the direction of frictioning hole direction motion, is similar to screw bolt and nut, and when the cylinder was rotatory, the inside pressure that can produce of cylinder, this pressure can improve mixed fibrous preimpregnation effect.

8. The equipment adopted by the preparation method of the hybrid fiber reinforced resin matrix composite material 3D printing wire material according to claim 1 is characterized in that: the device comprises a first motor (1), wherein an output shaft of the first motor (1) is connected with a first gear (2), the first gear (2) is meshed with a second gear (3), the second gear (3) is installed on a central shaft of a fiber spool seat (4), the fiber spool seat (4) comprises a fiber spool seat disc (41), more than 2 fiber spools (42) are arranged on the outer side of the fiber spool seat disc (41), and more than two guide holes (43) are formed in the inner side of the fiber spool seat disc (41); the first fiber dry filament (51) and the second fiber dry filament (52) penetrate through the guide hole (43) and enter the resin solution tank (13), and the resin solution (6) is contained in the resin solution tank (13);

a roller (7) is arranged in the resin solution tank (13), and the roller (7) is connected to the resin solution tank (13) through a roller support piece (9); the middle part of the roller (7) is connected with a third gear (8), the third gear (8) is connected with a fourth gear (11) through a first synchronous belt (10), and the fourth gear (11) is connected to an output shaft of a second motor (12);

the twisted mixed continuous fiber tows penetrate through a roller (7) in the middle of a resin solution tank (13), penetrate through a glue scraping hole (14) formed in the other side of the roller (7) and are shaped through a shaping die (15), and are dried through a fan (16) to form hybrid fiber reinforced resin matrix composite 3D printing wire materials (17), the hybrid fiber reinforced resin matrix composite 3D printing wire materials (17) are wound on a prepreg winding wheel (20), the prepreg winding wheel (20) is fixed on a winding wheel supporting seat (19), the end of the prepreg winding wheel (20) is connected with a fifth gear (18), the fifth gear (18) is connected with a sixth gear (22) through a second synchronous belt (21), and the sixth gear (22) is connected to an output shaft of a third motor (23).

Technical Field

The invention belongs to the technical field of composite material preparation, and particularly relates to a preparation method of a hybrid fiber reinforced resin matrix composite material 3D printing wire.

Background

The hybrid fiber reinforced resin matrix composite material is a composite material of two or more fibers reinforced by the same resin matrix, gives full play to the advantages of various fibers, has the characteristics of a single fiber reinforced composite material and other special properties, and overcomes the defect that a single material cannot meet various performance requirements; in addition, the variety of the fibers also increases the designability of the composite material and greatly expands the application range of the composite material.

The 3D printing technique is a rapid additive manufacturing technique that constructs a solid body by using bondable materials such as linear wires of metal powder or plastic, based on a digital model, in a layer-by-layer printing or layer-by-layer selective bonding manner. The 3D printing supplies are the material basis of 3D printing and are also the bottleneck limiting the further development and application of 3D printing. At present, the commonly used 3D printing wire is mainly a pure thermoplastic wire, including acrylonitrile-butadiene-styrene copolymer (ABS), polylactic acid (PLA), etc., which has the obvious defects of weak bearing capacity, extremely poor interlayer performance, insufficient tensile strength, etc., and these defects severely limit its further application and development. In order to improve the performance of the 3D printed molded part to meet the requirements of more application fields, many research and development teams in domestic and foreign universities and enterprises begin research on fiber reinforced resin matrix composite materials for 3D printing to improve the performance of the 3D printed molded part. Due to the good mechanical property of the continuous fibers and the advantages of the hybrid fibers, the hybrid continuous fiber reinforced resin matrix composite material has a very wide application prospect in the field of 3D printing.

The 3D printing technology of the continuous reinforced resin matrix composite material is realized, but no relatively effective preparation method of the hybrid continuous fiber reinforced resin matrix composite material 3D printing wire material applied to 3D printing exists at present.

Disclosure of Invention

In order to overcome the defects of the prior art, the invention aims to provide a preparation method of a hybrid fiber reinforced resin matrix composite 3D printing wire, and the prepared hybrid fiber reinforced resin matrix composite 3D printing wire can be directly used for printing on an existing continuous fiber reinforced resin matrix composite 3D printer.

In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:

a preparation method of a hybrid fiber reinforced resin matrix composite 3D printing wire material comprises the following steps:

1) different dry fiber tows wound on the fiber spool respectively pass through guide holes in the center of the fiber spool seat, different fiber yarns pass through different guide holes, the fiber spool seat rotates to drive the different dry fiber yarns close to one end of the fiber spool seat to respectively rotate around the center of the fiber spool seat, and the other end of the dry fiber yarns does not rotate, so that a bunch of twist-shaped mixed continuous fiber tows can be formed;

2) a roller is arranged in the middle of the resin solution tank, the roller and the fiber spool base are coaxial, the twisted hybrid continuous fiber tows obtained in the step 1) pass through the roller in the resin solution tank and then pass through a glue scraping hole in the resin solution tank, and redundant resin is scraped to obtain pre-soaked twisted hybrid continuous fiber tows;

3) and (3) shaping the pre-impregnated twisted hybrid continuous fiber bundle obtained in the step 2) through a shaping die, cooling, and winding a pre-impregnated material winding wheel to finally obtain the hybrid fiber reinforced resin matrix composite 3D printing wire material.

The fiber reel seat in the step 1) is provided with 2 or more than 2 reels and 2 or more than 2 guide holes; the number of the bobbins is equal to or different from that of the guide holes, 1 fiber is wound on 1 bobbin, and a plurality of fiber dry filaments of the same kind pass through a plurality of guide holes or pass through 1 guide hole; different kinds of dry fiber yarns penetrate through different guide holes, and different numbers of bobbins and guide holes are designed according to experimental requirements.

The fiber bobbin seat in the step 1) is installed on the wall of the resin solution tank, wherein the fiber bobbin is arranged outside the resin solution tank, different fiber dry tows are wound on the different fiber bobbin, and the fiber dry tows enter the resin solution tank through a guide hole in the fiber bobbin seat to start presoaking.

The dry fiber in the step 1) is any two or more than two continuous fibers.

The different dry fiber yarns in the step 1) are wound in the same direction around the respective yarn shafts and are clockwise or anticlockwise, the dry fiber yarns penetrate through the guide holes, the dry fiber yarns are in a tensioning state, the dry fiber yarns can transmit certain tension to the fiber yarn shafts, the tension transmitted by the dry fiber yarns can form a torque which enables the fiber yarn shaft base to rotate, the torque is ensured to be the same as the rotation direction of the fiber yarn shaft base, and therefore the dry fiber yarns are ensured to be pulled out smoothly outwards.

The resin matrix in the resin solution tank in the step 2) is a thermosetting or thermoplastic resin matrix, and specific resin components are determined according to experimental requirements.

The inside thread groove that has of cylinder in step 2), the screw thread is revolved to the same with twisted mixed fiber tow and is revolved to the same, installs the gear on the cylinder to do rotary motion under the gear drives, rotary direction is for promoting twisted mixed fiber tow to the direction of frictioning hole direction motion, is similar to screw bolt and nut, and when the cylinder was rotatory, the inside pressure that can produce of cylinder, this pressure can improve mixed fibrous preimpregnation effect.

The equipment adopted by the preparation method of the hybrid fiber reinforced resin matrix composite 3D printing wire comprises a first motor 1, wherein an output shaft of the first motor 1 is connected with a first gear 2, the first gear 2 is meshed with a second gear 3, the second gear 3 is arranged on a central shaft of a fiber spool seat 4, the fiber spool seat 4 comprises a fiber spool seat disc 41, 2 or more than 2 fiber spools 42 are arranged on the outer side of the fiber spool seat disc 41, and more than two guide holes 43 are arranged on the inner side of the fiber spool seat disc 41; the first fiber dry filament 51 and the second fiber dry filament 52 pass through the guide hole 43 and enter the resin solution tank 13, and the resin solution 6 is contained in the resin solution tank 13;

a roller 7 is arranged in the resin solution tank 13, and the roller 7 is connected to the resin solution tank 13 through a roller support 9; the middle part of the roller 7 is connected with a third gear 8, the third gear 8 is connected with a fourth gear 11 through a first synchronous belt 10, and the fourth gear 11 is connected with an output shaft of a second motor 12;

the twisted mixed continuous fiber tows penetrate through a roller 7 in the middle of a resin solution tank 13 and then penetrate through a glue scraping hole 14 formed in the other side of the roller 7, are shaped through a shaping die 15 and are dried through a fan 16 to form a hybrid fiber reinforced resin matrix composite 3D printing wire 17, the hybrid fiber reinforced resin matrix composite 3D printing wire 17 is wound on a prepreg winding wheel 20, the prepreg winding wheel 20 is fixed on a winding wheel supporting seat 19, the end of the prepreg winding wheel 20 is connected with a fifth gear 18, the fifth gear 18 is connected with a sixth gear 22 through a second synchronous belt 21, and the sixth gear 22 is connected to an output shaft of a third motor 23.

The invention has the following beneficial effects:

(1) the invention is not limited to the material and the mixing proportion of the mixed continuous fiber, and the invention can be used for preparing the mixed fiber composite material 3D printing wire material with any continuous fiber or any mixing proportion, the resin is thermosetting or thermoplastic resin, and the specific type and the components of the resin solution can be changed according to the actual requirement.

(2) According to the invention, continuous fibers are mixed, so that the prepared composite material 3D printing wire material can give full play to the advantages of various fibers, the defect that a single material cannot meet various performance requirements is overcome, the defect of mixed chopped fibers is also made up, and various performances of a formed member are greatly improved; more importantly, the 3D printing wire is suitable for 3D printing forming based on the layered manufacturing principle, can exert the advantages of 3D printing, and can also greatly popularize and expand the application field of composite material members.

(3) Most of 3D printers for printing continuous fiber reinforced resin matrix composite materials are 1 sprayer, so the invention is also suitable for the characteristics of 1 sprayer of the 3D printers, the 3D printing silk material prepared by the invention can be directly used for 3D printing, and the mixed fiber component can be printed without modifying the structure of the 3D printer.

(4) The 3D printing wire material of the hybrid fiber reinforced resin matrix composite material prepared by the invention is in a twisted shape, although a plurality of fibers can be manually twisted into twisted tows by a person, the efficiency is very low, and the manual twisting speed of the person cannot be guaranteed to be the same every moment, so that the uniformity and the uniformity of each section of the hybrid fiber tows cannot be guaranteed, and meanwhile, the formed twisted fiber tows have a plurality of gaps, so that a plurality of bubbles are generated in the hybrid fibers during pre-soaking, and a good pre-soaking effect cannot be achieved. When the hybrid fiber reinforced resin matrix composite 3D printing wire material is prepared by the method, the process of forming a twisted hybrid fiber tow by a plurality of fiber filaments occurs in a resin solution, and each fiber can be mutually extruded in the process to generate pressure, so that the pre-dipping effect of the resin can be enhanced. When the hybrid fiber tows pass through the rotary drum, the presoaking effect of the resin can be enhanced due to the pressure generated inside the drum, and the obtained hybrid fiber reinforced resin matrix composite 3D printing wire has more excellent mechanical properties, can meet the requirements of more engineering fields, and has great economic value and development potential.

Drawings

Fig. 1 is a front view of an apparatus employed in an embodiment of the present invention.

Fig. 2 is a perspective view of the fiber reel seat in embodiment 1 of the present invention.

Fig. 3 is a front view of a fiber reel seat in embodiment 1 of the present invention.

Fig. 4 is a sectional view a-a of fig. 3.

Fig. 5 is a sectional view of the drum in embodiment 1 of the present invention.

Fig. 6 is a front view of a fiber reel seat in embodiment 2 of the present invention.

FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram of a 3D printing wire 17 made of a twisted hybrid continuous fiber composite material according to an embodiment of the invention.

Detailed Description

The present invention will be described in further detail with reference to the drawings and examples, but the present invention is not limited to the following examples.