阅读说明：本技术 基础油及润滑油 (Base oil and lubricating oil ) 是由 梁帏捷 洪荣宗 唐旭华 李彦兴 蔡祯祥 于 2020-02-04 设计创作，主要内容包括：一种基础油及润滑油,所述基础油包含至少两种单酯。每一种单酯是由单元醇与单羧酸所制得。其中,该单元醇为C<Sub>16</Sub>～C<Sub>36</Sub>饱和支链脂肪族单元醇,该单羧酸为C<Sub>5</Sub>～C<Sub>10</Sub>饱和脂肪族单羧酸,且所述单酯是由同一种单羧酸所制得。所述润滑油包含前述的基础油。本发明的基础油能同时满足低黏度、低倾点、低Noack挥发损失及高NPI特性,进而能达到节能减碳的目的。(A base oil and a lubricating oil, the base oil comprising at least two monoesters. Each monoester is prepared from a monoalcohol and a monocarboxylic acid. Wherein the monoalcohol is C 16 ～C 36 Saturated branched chain aliphatic mono-alcohol, the mono-carboxylic acid being C 5 ～C 10 Saturated aliphatic monocarboxylic acids, and said monoesters are made of the same monocarboxylic acid. The lubricating oil comprises the base oil described above. The base oil of the invention can simultaneously meet the characteristics of low viscosity, low pour point, low Noack volatilization loss and high NPI, thereby achieving the purposes of energy saving and carbon reduction.)

1. A base oil characterized by comprising: at least two monoesters, each monoester being made of a monoalcohol and a monocarboxylic acid; the monoalcohol is C₁₆～C₃₆Saturated branched aliphatic monoalcohol, monocarboxylic acidThe acid being C₅～C₁₀Saturated aliphatic monocarboxylic acids, and said monoesters are made of the same monocarboxylic acid.

2. The base oil according to claim 1, characterized in that: the monoalcohol is C₂₀～C₃₆Saturated branched aliphatic monoalcohols.

3. The base oil according to claim 2, characterized in that: the monoalcohol is C₂₂～C₃₆Saturated branched aliphatic monoalcohols.

4. The base oil according to claim 1, characterized in that: the monoalcohol is represented by the following formula (I):

wherein R is¹And R²Are respectively C₇～C₁₇An alkyl group.

5. The base oil according to claim 4, characterized in that: r of the formula (I)¹And R²Are respectively C₁₀～C₁₇An alkyl group.

6. The base oil according to claim 5, characterized in that: r of the formula (I)¹And R²Are respectively C₁₀～C₁₃An alkyl group.

7. The base oil according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that: the monocarboxylic acid is C₅～C₁₀Saturated straight-chain aliphatic monocarboxylic acids.

8. The base oil according to claim 7, characterized in that: the monocarboxylic acid is C₅～C₇Saturated straight-chain aliphatic monocarboxylic acids.

9. The base oil according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that: the weight of each monoester is in the range of 5 wt% to 95 wt%, based on the total weight of the base oil of 100 wt%.

10. A lubricating oil comprising the base oil according to any one of claims 1 to 9.

Technical Field

The present invention relates to a base oil (base oil) and a lubricating oil (lubricating oil) containing the base oil, and more particularly, to a base oil containing an ester compound and a lubricating oil containing the base oil.

Background

In order to achieve energy saving and carbon reduction, the future lubricating oil for vehicle engines is required to meet GF-6 specifications established by the International committee for standardization and certification of lubricants (ILSAC).

In order to meet GF-6 specification, the lubricating oil and the base oil contained therein should satisfy the characteristics of low viscosity, low pour point (P.P.), low Noack volatilization loss (NPI) and high non-polar index (NPI). Among other things, the low pour point enables the lubricant to maintain its fluidity in cold environments without the use of additional heating equipment. In addition, the low Noack volatilization loss can make the lubricating oil not easy to volatilize at high temperature, and the high nonpolar index can reduce the affinity between the lubricating oil and the metal surface, further reduce the abrasion and achieve the effects of energy saving and carbon reduction.

U.S. Pat. No. 4, 8673831, 2 discloses a lubricating oil comprising a monoester (monoester) made of a saturated branched aliphatic monohydric alcohol (saturated branched aliphatic monocarboxylic acid) and a saturated straight-chain aliphatic monocarboxylic acid (saturated straight-chain aliphatic monocarboxylic acid). However, of the many possible lubricating oils covered by the aforementioned U.S. patents, there still exist lubricating oils that do not simultaneously meet the performance requirements of low viscosity, low pour point, low Noack volatility loss, and high non-polar index, and it has thus also been shown that none of the aforementioned U.S. patents have considered such performance requirements.

Therefore, how to find a base oil and a lubricating oil containing the base oil which meet the requirements of low viscosity, low pour point, low Noack volatilization loss and high nonpolar index characteristic at the same time becomes a problem to be solved urgently at present.

Disclosure of Invention

The object of the present invention is to provide a base oil which can solve the aforementioned problems.

The base oil of the present invention comprises at least two monoesters, each monoester being made of a monoalcohol and a monocarboxylic acid, wherein the monoalcohol is C₁₆～C₃₆Saturated branched chain aliphatic mono-alcohol, the mono-carboxylic acid being C₅～C₁₀Saturated aliphatic monocarboxylic acids, and the monoesters being derived from the same monocarboxylic acid And (4) preparing.

In the base oil of the present invention, the monoalcohol is C₂₀～C₃₆Saturated branched aliphatic monoalcohols.

In the base oil of the present invention, the monoalcohol is C₂₂～C₃₆Saturated branched aliphatic monoalcohols.

In the base oil of the present invention, the monool is represented by the following formula (I):

formula (I), wherein R¹And R²Are respectively C₇～C₁₇An alkyl group.

In the base oil of the present invention, R of the formula (I)¹And R²Are respectively C₁₀～C₁₇An alkyl group.

In the base oil of the present invention, R of the formula (I)¹And R²Are respectively C₁₀～C₁₃An alkyl group.

In the base oil of the present invention, the monocarboxylic acid is C₅～C₁₀Saturated straight-chain aliphatic monocarboxylic acids.

In the base oil of the present invention, the monocarboxylic acid is C₅～C₇Saturated straight-chain aliphatic monocarboxylic acids.

In the base oil of the present invention, the weight of each monoester ranges from 5 wt% to 95 wt%, based on the total weight of the base oil taken as 100 wt%.

The second object of the present invention is to provide a lubricating oil.

The lubricating oil of the present invention comprises the aforementioned base oil.

The invention has the beneficial effects that: since the base oil of the present invention comprises at least two kinds of C₁₆～C₃₆Saturated branched chain aliphatic unit alcohol and C₅～C₁₀The monoester is prepared from the same monocarboxylic acid, so that the base oil can simultaneously meet the characteristics of low viscosity, low pour point, low Noack volatilization loss and high NPI, thereby achieving the purposes of energy saving and carbon reduction.

Detailed Description

The present invention will be described in detail below.

[ base oil ]

The base oil of the present invention comprises at least two monoesters, each monoester being made of a monoalcohol and a monocarboxylic acid, wherein the monoalcohol is C₁₆～C₃₆Saturated branched chain aliphatic mono-alcohol, the mono-carboxylic acid being C₅～C₁₀Saturated aliphatic monocarboxylic acids, and said monoesters are made of the same monocarboxylic acid.

Preferably, each monoester is prepared by esterification of a monoalcohol with a monocarboxylic acid. The esterification reaction conditions may be any conditions which allow the mono-alcohol to esterify with the monocarboxylic acid and form a monoester, for example the esterification reaction may optionally be carried out in the presence of a catalyst. More preferably, the temperature range of the esterification reaction is 180 ℃ to 240 ℃. Still more preferably, the temperature range of the esterification reaction is 200 ℃ to 230 ℃.

Preferably, the monoalcohol is C₂₀～C₃₆Saturated branched aliphatic monoalcohols. More preferably, the monoalcohol is C₂₂～C₃₆Saturated branched aliphatic monoalcohols. Still more preferably, the monoalcohol is C₂₂～C₂₈Saturated branched aliphatic monoalcohols. Still more preferably, the monoalcohol is C₂₄～C₂₆Saturated branched aliphatic monoalcohols.

Preferably, the monoalcohol is represented by the following formula (I): Formula (I), wherein R¹And R²Are respectively C₇～C₁₇An alkyl group.

More preferably, R¹And R²Are respectively C₁₀～C₁₇An alkyl group. Still more preferably, R¹And R²Are respectively C₁₀～C₁₃An alkyl group. Still more preferably, R¹And R²Are respectively C₁₀～C₁₇A linear alkyl group. Still more preferably, R¹And R²Are respectively C₁₀～C₁₃Straight chainAn alkyl group. In a particular embodiment of the invention, the monol is isotetracosanol (2-decyltetradecanol) or isohexacosanol (2-acyclic pentacosanol).

Preferably, the monocarboxylic acid is C₅～C₁₀Saturated straight-chain aliphatic monocarboxylic acids. More preferably, the monocarboxylic acid is C₅～C₇Saturated straight-chain aliphatic monocarboxylic acids.

Preferably, the weight of each monoester is in the range of 5 wt% to 95 wt%, based on the total weight of the base oil of 100 wt%. More preferably, the weight of each monoester is in the range of 10 wt% to 90 wt%. Still more preferably, the weight of each monoester is in the range of 30 wt% to 70 wt%.

Preferably, the base oil of the present invention is composed of two monoesters, wherein one monoester is C₂₄Saturated branched chain aliphatic unit alcohol and C₅～C₁₀From saturated straight-chain aliphatic monocarboxylic acids, another monoester being C₂₆Saturated branched chain aliphatic unit alcohol and C₅～C₁₀Saturated straight-chain aliphatic monocarboxylic acid. More preferably, the oil composition is composed of C, based on 100 wt% of the total weight of the base oil ₂₄Saturated branched chain aliphatic unit alcohol and C₅～C₁₀The weight range of the monoester prepared from saturated straight chain aliphatic monocarboxylic acid is 30-50 wt%, and the monoester is prepared from C₂₆Saturated branched chain aliphatic unit alcohol and C₅～C₁₀The weight range of the monoester prepared from the saturated straight chain aliphatic monocarboxylic acid is 50-70 wt%. Still more preferably, the oil composition is composed of C in an amount of 100 wt% based on the total weight of the base oil₂₄Saturated branched chain aliphatic unit alcohol and C₅～C₁₀The weight range of the monoester prepared from saturated straight chain aliphatic monocarboxylic acid is 35-45 wt%, and the monoester is prepared from C₂₆Saturated branched chain aliphatic unit alcohol and C₅～C₁₀The weight range of the monoester prepared from the saturated straight chain aliphatic monocarboxylic acid is 55 to 65 weight percent.

Preferably, the base oils of the present invention have a kinematic viscosity at 100 ℃ (KViscosity) of not greater than 5cSt according to ASTM D445-18. More preferably, the kinematic viscosity at 100 ℃ is not higher than 4.3 cSt.

Preferably, the base oils of the present invention have a pour point (P.P.) of no greater than-30 ℃ according to ASTM D97-17b Standard method. More preferably, the pour point is not higher than-40 ℃.

Preferably, the Noack volatility loss (Noack) of the base oil of the present invention is not greater than 9 wt%. More preferably, the Noack volatility loss is not greater than 8 wt%.

Preferably, the base oil of the present invention has a non-polarity index (NPI) of not less than 115. More preferably, the nonpolar index is not less than 130.

[ lubricating oil ]

The lubricating oil of the present invention comprises the aforementioned base oil.

Preferably, the lubricating oil of the present invention may also contain other additives such as, but not limited to, amine antioxidants (amino antioxidants; e.g., Ciba IRGANOX L57), tricresyl phosphate (tricresylphosphate), chlorinated paraffins (chlorinated paraffins), or combinations of the foregoing.

The invention will be further described in the following examples, but it should be understood that these examples are illustrative only and should not be construed as limiting the practice of the invention.

The mono-and mono-carboxylic acids comprising mono-and tri-esters of the base oils used in preparation example 1 and comparative examples 2 to 5 and 8, and the mono-and di-or tri-esters constituting the base oils of example 1 and comparative examples 1 to 8, respectively, are set forth in Table 1 below.

TABLE 1