阅读说明：本技术 一种整流环、转子、换向器片以及高频波动抑制方法 (Rectifying ring, rotor, commutator segment and high-frequency fluctuation suppression method ) 是由 何瑞玲 于 2020-07-27 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明公布了一种电机高频波动抑制结构及方法,属于空空导弹导引头技术领域。本发明一方面电枢绕组采取虚槽结构,通过增加元件个数来减小元件匝数的方法来改善直流电机换向时产生的电磁干扰问题；另一方面通过在换向片内壁加工出与元件数相等且可实现有效焊接的接线端子来改善电枢绕组与换向器无法牢固焊接的问题；又一方面通过调整电刷片与换向片之间的压力来改善电刷和换向器之间的火花问题,进而改善了直流电机换向时产生的高频波动问题。(The invention discloses a motor high-frequency fluctuation suppression structure and a motor high-frequency fluctuation suppression method, and belongs to the technical field of air-to-air missile seekers. On one hand, the armature winding adopts a virtual slot structure, and the electromagnetic interference problem generated during the commutation of the direct current motor is improved by a method of reducing the number of turns of elements by increasing the number of the elements; on the other hand, the problem that the armature winding and the commutator cannot be firmly welded is solved by processing the wiring terminals which are equal to the number of elements and can realize effective welding on the inner wall of the commutator segment; on the other hand, the problem of spark between the electric brush and the commutator is solved by adjusting the pressure between the electric brush and the commutator segment, and the problem of high-frequency fluctuation generated when the direct current motor commutates is solved.)

1. The utility model provides a virtual groove DC motor commutator ring, includes annular base member (1), an end face circumferencial direction evenly spaced distribution of base member (1) has a set of commutator segment (2), its characterized in that, the quantity of commutator segment (2) is rotor core (3) number of teeth twice at least, organizes this the tip of commutator segment (2) is provided with two reference column (4) that can insert rotor core inslot and realize the location along axial direction at least, and commutator segment (2) that are provided with reference column (4) are all not adjacent, every the inner wall of commutator segment (2) all is provided with binding post (5) of being connected with armature winding.

2. The utility model provides a direct current motor rotor, includes rotor core (3), rotor core (3) contain armature groove (6) and armature tooth (7), around being equipped with armature winding on armature groove (6), still including a set of commutator segment (2), its characterized in that, commutator segment (2) quantity is at least twice of armature tooth (7) quantity, and the circumference array is in rotor core (3) one end, every commutator segment (2) inner wall all is equipped with binding post (5) of being connected with armature winding.

3. A direct current motor rotor according to claim 2, characterized in that positioning posts (4) inserted into the armature slots (6) are provided in the axial direction at the end of the commutator segments (2) opposite to the armature slots (6).

4. A rotor according to any one of claims 2 or 3, characterised in that the terminals (5) are concave, V-shaped or crescent-shaped in shape.

5. A rotor according to any one of claims 2 or 3, characterised in that the terminals (5) are V-shaped with an opening angle of 50 °.

6. The direct current motor commutator segment is characterized in that a wiring terminal (5) connected with an armature winding is arranged on the inner wall of the commutator segment (2).

7. A method for suppressing high-frequency fluctuation of a direct current motor applying the direct current motor rotor as claimed in claim 2, wherein an armature winding is of a virtual slot structure, the direct current motor rotor comprises a rotor core (3), the rotor core (3) comprises armature slots (6) and armature teeth (7), the armature winding is wound on the armature slots (6), the method further comprises a set of commutator segments (2), the number of the commutator segments (2) is at least twice that of the armature teeth (7), the commutator segments are circumferentially arrayed at one end of the rotor core (3), a connecting terminal (5) connected with the armature winding is arranged on the inner wall of each commutator segment (2), and the method further comprises an electric brush segment (8), and each electric brush segment (8) is composed of a spring piece (9) and an electric brush head (10).

8. The method for suppressing high-frequency fluctuation of a direct current motor according to claim 7, wherein a positioning post (4) inserted into the armature slot (6) is provided in an axial direction at an end of the commutator segment (2) opposite to the armature slot (6).

9. The method for suppressing the high-frequency fluctuation of the direct current motor according to claim 7, wherein the connecting terminal (5) is concave, V-shaped or crescent-shaped.

10. The method for suppressing high-frequency fluctuation of a direct current motor according to any one of claims 7 to 9, wherein the bending angle of the spring plate (8) is 130 ° to 140 °.

Technical Field

The invention belongs to the technical field of air-to-air missile seeker, and particularly relates to a direct-current motor high-frequency fluctuation suppression structure and a direct-current motor high-frequency fluctuation suppression method.

Background

The air-to-air missile seeker comprises a plurality of electronic devices and sensors, is complex in structure and is sensitive to the influence of electromagnetic interference. The direct-current torque motor is used as an actuating mechanism in the seeker system, and the motor directly drives the load without gear reduction, so that system oscillation is reduced, and system rigidity and servo loop stability are improved. Although the direct-current torque motor has good starting performance and speed regulation performance, sparks are often generated between the electric brush and the commutator during operation, and the sparks radiate to the periphery. Since the brushes are connected to the load by wires, the energy released is reflected in the power supply connection to which they are connected, as spark voltage and spark current. The resulting strong high frequency fluctuations affect the proper operation of the electronics and communication system around the seeker system.

The prior art can solve the problem of high-frequency fluctuation by adding an auxiliary brush, adding a capacitor between two commutator segments and the like to suppress the high-frequency fluctuation. For example, chinese patent publication No. CN1232020C discloses an arcless commutator for a dc motor, which is obtained by adding an auxiliary brush to an original commutator, and adding a capacitor between a main brush and a commutator segment through the auxiliary brush, wherein a follow current is formed at a short moment because a voltage across the capacitor does not suddenly change, so that an arc generated between the brush and the commutator segment can be eliminated. And a charging and discharging circuit is connected between the auxiliary electric brush and the terminal of the electric brush so as to ensure that the extra charge stored in the capacitor during commutation is discharged in time after the motor is commutated every time when continuously rotating, so as to eliminate the next commutation electric arc. The commutator eliminates electric arcs in the commutation process, thereby solving the problems of commutator ablation and ring fire. For another example, chinese patent publication No. CN106329838A discloses a method and a structure for suppressing electromagnetic interference of a commutator of a dc motor, in which a capacitor is additionally disposed between two commutator segments to absorb electromagnetic interference generated by the commutator. The two methods can solve part of high-frequency fluctuation problems to a certain extent, but increase the structural difficulty of the electric brush and the commutator, particularly multiply increase the complexity of machinery and circuits under the condition that the size of a motor in a seeker system is limited, and are not beneficial to effectively solving the high-frequency fluctuation problems.

Sparks are the root cause of electromagnetic interference due to high frequency fluctuations, and in order to reduce high frequency fluctuations, it is necessary to suppress sparks by improving commutation. Accordingly, there is a need in the art for a method of improving motor commutation to suppress sparking.

Disclosure of Invention

In one aspect of the invention, the virtual slot direct current motor rectifier ring comprises an annular base body, a group of commutator segments are uniformly distributed on one end face of the base body at intervals in the circumferential direction, the number of the commutator segments is at least twice of the number of teeth of a rotor core, at least two positioning columns capable of being inserted into the rotor core slot to achieve positioning are arranged at the end parts of the commutator segments along the axial direction, the commutator segments provided with the positioning columns are not adjacent, and a wiring terminal connected with an armature winding is arranged on the inner wall of each commutator segment.

In another aspect of the invention, a dc motor rotor is provided, which includes a rotor core, the rotor core includes an armature slot and armature teeth, an armature winding is wound on the armature slot, and a set of commutator segments, the number of the commutator segments is at least twice of the number of the armature teeth, and the commutator segments are circumferentially arrayed at one end of the rotor core, and a connecting terminal connected with the armature winding is arranged on the inner wall of each commutator segment.

Furthermore, a positioning column inserted into the armature groove is arranged at the end part of the commutator segment opposite to the armature groove along the axial direction.

Furthermore, the connecting terminal is concave, V-shaped or crescent.

Further, the shape of binding post is the V type, and opening angle is 50.

In another aspect of the invention, a commutator segment of a direct current motor is provided, and a connecting terminal connected with an armature winding is arranged on the inner wall of the commutator segment.

In still another aspect of the present invention, there is provided a method for suppressing high-frequency ripple of a dc motor, comprising: the armature winding adopts a virtual slot structure, the direct current motor rotor comprises a rotor core, the rotor core comprises an armature slot and armature teeth, and the armature winding is wound on the armature slot; the rotor comprises a rotor core, a rotor core and a plurality of commutator segments, wherein the number of the commutator segments is at least twice that of armature teeth, the commutator segments are circumferentially arrayed at one end of the rotor core, and the inner wall of each commutator segment is provided with a connecting terminal connected with an armature winding; the electric brush is characterized by further comprising an electric brush piece, wherein the electric brush piece consists of a spring piece and an electric brush head.

Furthermore, a positioning column inserted into the armature groove is arranged at the end part of the commutator segment opposite to the armature groove along the axial direction.

Furthermore, the connecting terminal is concave, V-shaped or crescent.

Further, the bending angle of the spring piece is 130 degrees to 140 degrees, and preferably 135 degrees.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a block diagram of an embodiment of a rectifier ring of the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a schematic view of an embodiment of a commutator ring of the present invention assembled with a rotor core;

FIG. 3 is a structural diagram of a rotor of a DC motor according to an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 4 is a structural diagram of an embodiment of a commutator segment of the invention;

FIG. 5 is a schematic view of the bending angle of the brush spring leaf according to the present invention.

In the figure: 1. a substrate; 2. a commutator segment; 3. a rotor core; 4. a positioning column, 5 and a wiring terminal; 6. an armature slot; 7. an armature tooth; 8. an electric brush sheet; 9. a spring plate; 10. an electric brush head.

Detailed Description

Embodiments of the present invention are further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

As shown in fig. 1, an embodiment of the rectifier ring of the present invention comprises: base member 1, commutator segment 2, reference column 4 and binding post 5. A group of commutator segments 2 are uniformly distributed on one end face of the base body 1 in the circumferential direction at intervals, and the number of the commutator segments 2 is twice of the number of teeth of the rotor core 3. Every other commutator segment 2, the end of the commutator segment 2 is provided with a positioning column 4 along the axial direction, which can be inserted into the slot of the rotor core 3 to realize positioning. And a connecting terminal 5 connected with the armature winding is arranged on the inner wall of each commutator segment 2.

As shown in fig. 2, when the rectifying ring of the present invention is assembled with the rotor core 3, the positioning posts 4 are inserted into the slots of the rotor core 3 for positioning and fixing. The base body 1 is mainly used for fixing the positions of the commutator segments during processing, so that the commutator ring and the rotor core 3 can be conveniently assembled, and the commutator segments are cut off after the assembly is finished and glue is filled, so that each commutator segment is independent and mutually insulated.

As shown in fig. 3, an embodiment of the commutator ring of the present invention applied to a rotor of a dc motor includes: rotor core 3, armature groove 6, armature tooth 7 are around being equipped with armature winding on armature groove 6, still including a set of commutator segment 2, and 2 quantity of commutator segment are the twice of 7 quantity of armature teeth, and the circumference array all is equipped with the binding post 5 of being connected with armature winding at 2 inner walls of every commutator segment in rotor core 3 one end, with 2 tip of commutator segment that armature groove 6 is relative are equipped with reference column 4 that inserts in armature groove 6 along the axial direction.

Because the armature winding adopts an imaginary slot structure, the armature winding is in a single-lap winding form. When the number of the virtual slots is 2, namely when the direct current motor rotor is used for winding an armature winding, two element edges are respectively arranged at the upper layer and the lower layer in each armature slot 6, each commutator segment 2 is simultaneously connected with the upper layer element edge of one element and the lower layer element edge of the other element, and thus the number of the commutator segments 2 is equal to the number of the elements and is twice of the number of the armature teeth 7 in the rotor core 3.

In the same way, the number of the virtual slots can be set to 3, namely three element edges are respectively arranged at the upper layer and the lower layer of each armature slot 6, so that the number of the commutator segments 2 is equal to the number of the elements, is three times of the number of the armature teeth 7 in the rotor core 3, and so on, and the number of the virtual slots is 4.

As shown in fig. 4, the direct current motor commutator segment comprises a body and a connecting terminal 5, and the rotor can be sealed after being filled with glue, so that the direct current motor commutator segment can bear mechanical experiment examination. When the terminal 5 is V-shaped, its opening angle is preferably 50 °.

The axial position of the terminal 5 on the commutator segment 2 is dependent on the end dimensions of the armature winding. In order to avoid interference between the outer circle of the armature winding and the connecting terminal 5, the axial position of the connecting terminal 5 is slightly higher than the end shaping size of the armature winding, and the winding interference-free welding is realized by adopting the sequence of shaping first and then installing a rectifier ring.

The shape of the connecting terminal 5 can also adopt concave shape, crescent shape and the like, and the purpose of reliable welding can be achieved.

Sparks generated between the electric brush piece 8 and the commutator bar 2 are closely related to electric brush pressure, and the pressure is too high, so that the motor is difficult to start and the starting voltage is large; the pressure is too small, the attaching stability of the brush piece 8 and the commutator segment 2 is poor, so that the motor jumps when running in no-load operation, and the running is not stable. Therefore, the proper brush pressure can improve the high-frequency voltage and current generated by commutation, so that the waveform is more stable and the jumping quantity is smaller.

As shown in fig. 5, the brush pressure in this embodiment is achieved by adjusting the bending angle α of the leaf spring 9, and the commutation performance is best when the bending angle α of the leaf spring 9 is in the range of 130 ° to 140 °, and is preferably 135 °.

The embodiment of the present invention is only described for the preferred embodiment of the present invention, and not for limiting the concept and scope of the present invention, and the skilled in the art should make various modifications and improvements to the technical solution of the present invention without departing from the design concept of the present invention, for example, welding the inner wall and the outer wall of the commutator by other forms should fall within the protection scope of the present invention.