Method, device and equipment for controlling output voltage of frequency converter and vacuum system
阅读说明：本技术 控制变频器输出电压的方法、装置、设备及真空系统 (Method, device and equipment for controlling output voltage of frequency converter and vacuum system ) 是由 久保田智夫 繁冈克也 于 2019-03-29 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明提供了一种控制变频器输出电压的方法、装置、设备及真空系统,在一个实施例中,所述控制变频器输出电压的方法包括：获取变频器的电气参数,所述电气参数为变频器的输出电压或者q轴电流；在所述电气参数增大至对应的设定阈值以上时,向变频器加载d轴电流；所述d轴电流与所述q轴电流配合,使得变频器的输出电压不超过其输入电压。本发明实施例的变频器输出电压控制方法、装置、设备及真空系统可以较佳的避免变频器失去对包括电机在内的工作单元的控制的情况发生。(The invention provides a method, a device, equipment and a vacuum system for controlling the output voltage of a frequency converter, and in one embodiment, the method for controlling the output voltage of the frequency converter comprises the following steps: acquiring an electrical parameter of the frequency converter, wherein the electrical parameter is output voltage or q-axis current of the frequency converter; loading d-axis current to the frequency converter when the electrical parameter is increased to be above a corresponding set threshold value; the d-axis current is matched with the q-axis current, so that the output voltage of the frequency converter does not exceed the input voltage of the frequency converter. The frequency converter output voltage control method, the frequency converter output voltage control device, the frequency converter output voltage control equipment and the vacuum system can better avoid the situation that the frequency converter loses control over working units including a motor.)
1. A method of controlling an output voltage of a frequency converter, comprising:
acquiring an electrical parameter of the frequency converter, wherein the electrical parameter is output voltage or q-axis current of the frequency converter;
loading d-axis current to the frequency converter when the electrical parameter is increased to be above a corresponding set threshold value; the d-axis current is matched with the q-axis current, so that the output voltage of the frequency converter does not exceed the input voltage of the frequency converter.
2. The method of claim 1,
when the electrical parameter is the output voltage of the frequency converter, the set threshold value is a first preset voltage value; the first preset voltage value is smaller than the input voltage of the frequency converter;
correspondingly, the d-axis current is matched with the q-axis current, and the output voltage of the frequency converter is reduced to be lower than the first preset voltage value.
3. The method of claim 2, wherein the output voltage of the frequency converter continues to increase to the first local voltage maximum within a first predetermined time after the output voltage of the frequency converter increases to the first preset voltage value; the first local voltage maximum value is between the first preset voltage value and the input voltage of the frequency converter; the first preset time is the response time for obtaining the output voltage of the frequency converter.
4. A method according to claim 3, characterized in that the d-axis current is applied to the frequency converter a first predetermined time after the output voltage of the frequency converter has increased to the first predetermined voltage value, after which the output voltage of the frequency converter gradually decreases from the first local voltage maximum to below the first predetermined voltage value.
5. The method of claim 1,
when the electrical parameter is q-axis current of the frequency converter, the set threshold value is a preset current value;
when the q-axis current reaches the preset current value, the output voltage of the frequency converter reaches a second local voltage maximum value; the second local voltage maximum is lower than the input voltage of the frequency converter.
6. The method of claim 5,
the d-axis current is loaded to the frequency converter when the q-axis current increases to the preset current value, and then the output voltage of the frequency converter gradually decreases from the second local maximum voltage value to be lower than a second preset voltage value.
7. The method of claim 5, wherein the predetermined current value is greater than a magnitude of a q-axis current corresponding to the frequency converter as its load increases.
8. The method of claim 1, wherein the loading of the d-axis current is stopped when the electrical parameter drops below the corresponding set threshold or after a second predetermined time below the corresponding set threshold.
9. An apparatus for controlling an output voltage of a frequency converter, comprising:
the electric parameter acquisition module is used for acquiring electric parameters of the frequency converter, and the electric parameters are output voltage or q-axis current of the frequency converter;
the d-axis current loading module is used for loading d-axis current to the frequency converter when the electrical parameters are increased to be more than the corresponding set threshold value; the d-axis current is matched with the q-axis current, so that the output voltage of the frequency converter does not exceed the input voltage of the frequency converter.
10. An apparatus for controlling an output voltage of a frequency converter, the apparatus comprising a processor and a memory for storing processor-executable instructions, the instructions when executed by the processor implementing steps comprising:
acquiring an electrical parameter of the frequency converter, wherein the electrical parameter is output voltage or q-axis current of the frequency converter;
loading d-axis current to the frequency converter when the electrical parameter is increased to be above a corresponding set threshold value; the d-axis current is matched with the q-axis current, so that the output voltage of the frequency converter does not exceed the input voltage of the frequency converter.
11. A method of controlling an output voltage of a frequency converter, comprising:
acquiring the change cycle of the load of a working unit driven by a frequency converter;
determining a starting time node of the load increase based on the change period of the load;
loading d-axis current to the frequency converter at a preset time before the initial time node of the load increase; the d-axis current is matched with the q-axis current of the frequency converter, so that the output voltage of the frequency converter does not exceed the input voltage of the frequency converter.
12. The method of claim 11,
the loading time and the loading stopping time of the d-axis current are periodically changed; the variation period of the d-axis current is adapted to the variation period of the load; that is to say that the first and second electrodes,
when the load increases, the d-axis current is loaded to a frequency converter; when the load decreases, the loading of the d-axis current stops.
13. The method of claim 11,
from the moment the d-axis current is loaded to the frequency converter to the initial time node of the load increase, the output voltage of the frequency converter is reduced from the initial voltage and stabilized to the local voltage minimum value;
when the load is increased, the output voltage of the frequency converter is gradually increased from the minimum value of the local voltage to a preset voltage value; the preset voltage value is smaller than the input voltage of the frequency converter.
14. The method of claim 11, wherein the loading of the d-axis current is stopped when the q-axis current drops below a set threshold or after a predetermined time below the set threshold corresponding to the drop in the q-axis current.
15. An apparatus for controlling an output voltage of a frequency converter, comprising:
the load change period acquisition module is used for acquiring the change period of the load of the working unit driven by the frequency converter;
a start time node determining module, configured to determine a start time node at which the load increases based on a change period of the load;
the d-axis current loading module is used for loading d-axis current to the frequency converter at a preset time before the initial time node of the load increase; the d-axis current is matched with the q-axis current of the frequency converter, so that the output voltage of the frequency converter does not exceed the input voltage of the frequency converter.
16. An apparatus for controlling an output voltage of a frequency converter, the apparatus comprising a processor and a memory for storing processor-executable instructions, the instructions when executed by the processor implementing steps comprising:
acquiring the change cycle of the load of a working unit driven by a frequency converter;
determining a starting time node of the load increase based on the change period of the load;
loading d-axis current to the frequency converter at a preset time before the initial time node of the load increase; the d-axis current is matched with the q-axis current of the frequency converter, so that the output voltage of the frequency converter does not exceed the input voltage of the frequency converter.
17. A system for controlling the output voltage of a frequency converter, the system comprising a processor and a memory for storing processor-executable instructions, which when executed by the processor, implement the steps of the method of any one of claims 1 to 8 and 11 to 14.
18. A vacuum system comprises a frequency converter, a motor and a vacuum pump which are connected in sequence; wherein the vacuum pump is communicated with a vacuum chamber, and the vacuum chamber is provided with a valve for opening inlet air;
wherein when the valve is opened to connect the vacuum chamber with the outside atmosphere, the frequency converter outputs a voltage to the motor under the control of the method of any one of claims 1 to 8 and claims 11 to 14 to drive the motor to operate.
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of frequency converter control, in particular to a method, a device and equipment for controlling output voltage of a frequency converter and a vacuum system.
Background
The statements in this section merely provide background information related to the present disclosure and may not constitute prior art.
The frequency converter is a common device for controlling the operation of the motor, and can adjust the output voltage and frequency through a series of operations such as rectification, filtering, inversion and the like so as to adapt to the voltage requirement of load change on the motor.
The output voltage of the frequency converter is the power supply voltage of the motor. To enable the frequency converter to control the motor, the supply voltage must not exceed the input voltage of the frequency converter. However, load variations can cause the supply voltage of the motor to vary. For example, when the load is rapidly increased in a short time, the power supply voltage of the motor needs to be increased correspondingly to maintain the corresponding output torque to bear the sudden load. In this way, it will be possible to cause the supply voltage to exceed the input voltage of the frequency converter, which loses control of the motor.
It should be noted that the above background description is only for the sake of clarity and complete description of the technical solutions of the present invention and for the understanding of those skilled in the art. Such solutions are not considered to be known to the person skilled in the art merely because they have been set forth in the background section of the invention.
Disclosure of Invention
Based on the foregoing defects in the prior art, embodiments of the present invention provide a method, an apparatus, a device, and a vacuum system for controlling an output voltage of a frequency converter, which can better avoid the frequency converter from losing control over a working unit including a motor.
In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides the following technical solutions.
A method of controlling an output voltage of a frequency converter, comprising:
acquiring an electrical parameter of the frequency converter, wherein the electrical parameter is output voltage or q-axis current of the frequency converter;
loading d-axis current to the frequency converter when the electrical parameter is increased to be above a corresponding set threshold value; the d-axis current is matched with the q-axis current, so that the output voltage of the frequency converter does not exceed the input voltage of the frequency converter.
A method of controlling an output voltage of a frequency converter, comprising:
acquiring the change cycle of the load of a working unit driven by a frequency converter;
determining a starting time node of the load increase based on the change period of the load;
loading d-axis current to the frequency converter at a preset time before the initial time node of the load increase; the d-axis current is matched with the q-axis current of the frequency converter, so that the output voltage of the frequency converter does not exceed the input voltage of the frequency converter.
According to the method for controlling the output voltage of the frequency converter, the electrical parameter of the frequency converter is obtained, and whether the electrical parameter is increased to be higher than the corresponding preset threshold value or not is used as the judgment time for introducing the d-axis current Id. Therefore, the d-axis current Id and the q-axis current Iq can cooperate with each other to reduce the output voltage of the frequency converter, so that the output voltage of the frequency converter does not exceed the input voltage. Thereby, a situation is avoided in which the frequency converter loses control of the working unit, including the motor.
Alternatively, by introducing the d-axis current Id into the inverter in advance before the load increases, the start point of the change in the output voltage v (out) of the inverter after the load increases can be lowered. Therefore, when the output voltage V (out) of the frequency converter is increased to a stable value, the output voltage V (out) of the frequency converter can still be lower than the input voltage V (in) of the frequency converter. Thereby, a situation is avoided in which the frequency converter loses control of the working unit, including the motor.
Specific embodiments of the present invention are disclosed in detail with reference to the following description and drawings, indicating the manner in which the principles of the invention may be employed. It should be understood that the embodiments of the invention are not so limited in scope. The embodiments of the invention include many variations, modifications and equivalents within the spirit and scope of the appended claims.
Features that are described and/or illustrated with respect to one embodiment may be used in the same way or in a similar way in one or more other embodiments, in combination with or instead of the features of the other embodiments.
It should be emphasized that the term "comprises/comprising" when used herein, is taken to specify the presence of stated features, integers, steps or components but does not preclude the presence or addition of one or more other features, integers, steps or components.
Drawings
The drawings described herein are for illustration purposes only and are not intended to limit the scope of the present disclosure in any way. In addition, the shapes, the proportional sizes, and the like of the respective members in the drawings are merely schematic for facilitating the understanding of the present invention, and do not specifically limit the shapes, the proportional sizes, and the like of the respective members of the present invention. Those skilled in the art, having the benefit of the teachings of this invention, may choose from the various possible shapes and proportional sizes to implement the invention as a matter of case. In the drawings:
FIG. 1 is a graph illustrating a prior art inverter with a load inrush causing an output voltage to rise but still be less than an input voltage such that the inverter can still perform normal control of a motor;
FIG. 2 is a graph illustrating a prior art inverter when the output voltage of the inverter increases to exceed the input voltage due to a load inrush, and the inverter cannot perform normal control on the motor any more;
FIG. 3A is a motor vector diagram when the inverter performs normal control of the motor;
FIG. 3B is a motor vector diagram when the load of the motor increases resulting in the output voltage of the inverter being greater than the input voltage;
FIG. 3C is a vector diagram of the motor after the d-axis current of the embodiment of the present invention is introduced when the load of the motor increases and the output voltage of the frequency converter is greater than the input voltage;
FIG. 4A is a schematic diagram of the motor current corresponding to FIG. 3A and the q-axis current of the frequency converter;
FIG. 4B is a schematic diagram of the motor current corresponding to FIG. 3B and the q-axis current of the frequency converter;
FIG. 4C is a schematic diagram of the motor current corresponding to FIG. 3C and the q-axis current of the frequency converter;
FIG. 5A is a graph illustrating the output voltage and the input voltage of the inverter after the method for controlling the output voltage of the inverter according to the first preferred embodiment of the present invention is implemented;
FIG. 5B is an enlarged view of a portion of FIG. 5A;
FIG. 6A is a graph illustrating the output voltage and the input voltage of the inverter after the method for controlling the output voltage of the inverter according to the second preferred embodiment of the present invention is implemented;
FIG. 6B is an enlarged partial view of FIG. 6A;
FIG. 7 is a flowchart of a method for controlling the output voltage of the inverter according to the first and second preferred embodiments of the present invention;
FIG. 8 is a block diagram of an apparatus for controlling an output voltage of a frequency converter according to the first and second preferred embodiments of the present invention;
FIG. 9A is a graph illustrating the output voltage and the input voltage of the inverter after the method for controlling the output voltage of the inverter according to the third preferred embodiment of the present invention is performed;
FIG. 9B is an enlarged partial view of FIG. 9A;
FIG. 10 is a flowchart illustrating a method for controlling an output voltage of a frequency converter according to a third preferred embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 11 is a block diagram of an apparatus for controlling an output voltage of a frequency converter according to a third preferred embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 12 is a block diagram of a vacuum system in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
In order to make those skilled in the art better understand the technical solution of the present invention, the technical solution in the embodiment of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiment of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiment is only a part of the embodiment of the present invention, and not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be obtained by a person skilled in the art without any inventive step based on the embodiments of the present invention, shall fall within the scope of protection of the present invention.
It will be understood that when an element is referred to as being "disposed on" another element, it can be directly on the other element or intervening elements may also be present. When an element is referred to as being "connected" to another element, it can be directly connected to the other element or intervening elements may also be present. The terms "vertical," "horizontal," "left," "right," and the like as used herein are for illustrative purposes only and do not denote a single embodiment.
Unless defined otherwise, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this invention belongs. The terminology used in the description of the invention herein is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting of the invention. As used herein, the term "and/or" includes any and all combinations of one or more of the associated listed items.
A vacuum system will be described as an example. The vacuum system comprises a frequency converter, a motor and a vacuum pump which are connected in sequence. The vacuum pump is communicated with the vacuum chamber, and the vacuum chamber is provided with a valve for opening air inlet. The vacuum chamber is maintained at a predetermined degree of vacuum by driving a vacuum pump with a motor to operate, discharging gas in the vacuum chamber by the vacuum pump, accumulating gas in the vacuum chamber in the vacuum pump, or the like.
When the valve is opened, the load of the motor will rise when the vacuum chamber is to maintain the same vacuum degree. In this way, the output voltage of the inverter also rises. As shown in fig. 1, in one situation, when the output voltage of the inverter rises but is still lower than the input voltage, the inverter can still achieve normal control of the motor. In another situation, as shown in fig. 2, when the output voltage of the inverter rises above its input voltage, the inverter loses control of the motor. At this time, the inverter will stop outputting voltage and the motor will stop rotating.
Embodiments of the present invention provide a method, an apparatus, a device, and a vacuum system for controlling an output voltage of a frequency converter, which can preferably avoid the frequency converter from losing control over a working unit including a motor.
As shown in fig. 7, a method for controlling an output voltage of a frequency converter according to an embodiment of the present invention includes the following steps:
step S101: acquiring an electrical parameter of the frequency converter, wherein the electrical parameter is output voltage or q-axis current of the frequency converter;
step S102: loading d-axis current to the frequency converter when the electrical parameter is increased to be above a corresponding set threshold value; the d-axis current is matched with the q-axis current, so that the output voltage of the frequency converter does not exceed the input voltage of the frequency converter.
The electrical parameter may be used to indicate the magnitude of the load of a working unit (e.g. a motor) driven by the frequency converter. When the load of the working unit increases, the electrical parameters of the frequency converter correspondingly increase. Thus, whether or not to apply the d-axis current to the inverter is determined based on the electrical parameter.
In the present embodiment, the electrical parameter may be any one of the output voltage v (out) or the q-axis current Iq of the frequency converter. As shown in fig. 3A to 3C, in the motor, the axis coinciding with the magnetic pole is called the longitudinal axis, also called the direct axis or the d-axis. Perpendicular to the pole axis is called the cross axis, also called the quadrature or q axis.
When the armature winding has current, an armature reaction will occur. The armature reaction includes a vertical axis armature reaction and a horizontal axis armature reaction. Wherein the current that produces the vertical axis armature reaction is the vertical axis current, i.e., the d-axis current Id. The current that produces the horizontal axis armature reaction is referred to as the horizontal axis current, i.e., the q-axis current Iq.
As shown in fig. 4A to 4C, in the motor vector diagram, the current can be decomposed into two parts: the current co-directional with the potential is called d-axis current Id and the current perpendicular to the potential is called q-axis current Iq.
When the electrical parameter increases above the corresponding set threshold, the output voltage of the frequency converter is already close to its input voltage. At this time, the d-axis current Id is applied to the inverter.
In this embodiment, the d-axis current Id is perpendicular to the q-axis current Iq in direction and opposite in polarity. Specifically, in fig. 4A to 4C, the q-axis current Iq is positive and the d-axis current Id is negative.
The d-axis current Id is matched with the q-axis current Iq so that the output voltage V (out) of the frequency converter does not exceed the input voltage V (in). Specifically, the d-axis current Id and the q-axis current Iq are vector-calculated to reduce the output voltage v (out) of the inverter to be lower than the input voltage v (in).
As shown in fig. 3A to 3C, in the motor vector diagram, a circular broken line is the input voltage v (in) of the inverter. V1 is the maximum output voltage of the inverter, corresponding to the situation where the supply voltage of the motor is at a maximum. ω · Ke is induced electromotive force, ω is motor rotation speed (in krpm), and Ke is counter electromotive force constant (in V/krpm). ω LqIq and ω LdId are q-axis and d-axis inductor voltages, respectively, and Lq and Ld are q-axis and d-axis inductors, respectively. RIq and RId are q-axis loss voltage and d-axis loss voltage, respectively, and R is a resistor.
As shown in fig. 3A and 4A, when the q-axis current Iq is equal to the motor current I1, the maximum output voltage V1 of the inverter of the motor does not exceed the input voltage V (in) of the inverter. At this moment, the frequency converter can still normally control the motor.
As shown in fig. 3A and 3B, when the d-axis current Id is not involved, the vector sum of the induced electromotive force ω · Ke, the q-axis loss voltage RIq, and the q-axis inductor voltage ω LqIq is equal to the maximum output voltage V1 of the inverter.
As shown in fig. 3B and 4B, when the load of the motor increases, the q-axis current Iq increases. At this time, both the q-axis loss voltage RIq and the q-axis inductor voltage ω LqIq increase. Accordingly, the vector sum of the induced electromotive force ω · Ke, the q-axis loss voltage RIq, and the q-axis inductance voltage ω LqIq, that is, the maximum output voltage V1 of the inverter exceeds the input voltage V (in) of the inverter. At this point, the inverter will lose control of the motor.
As shown in fig. 3C and 4C, when the frequency converter is in a situation as illustrated in fig. 3B, the d-axis current Id is applied to the frequency converter. The d-axis current Id and the q-axis current Iq are combined together by vector operation to regress or reduce the maximum output voltage V1 of the frequency converter to be lower than the input voltage V (in) of the frequency converter.
As shown in fig. 3C, when the d-axis current Id is applied, the vector sum of the induced electromotive force ω · Ke, the q-axis loss voltage RIq, the q-axis inductor voltage ω LqIq, the d-axis loss voltage RId, and the d-axis inductor voltage ω LdId is equal to the maximum output voltage V1 of the inverter.
As described above, the electrical parameter may be any one of the output voltage v (out) or the q-axis current Iq of the frequency converter, that is, the magnitude of the output voltage v (out) or the q-axis current Iq of the frequency converter is monitored to determine whether the d-axis current Id is applied to the frequency converter.
As shown in fig. 5A and 5B, in the first preferred embodiment of the present invention, when the electrical parameter is the output voltage v (out) of the frequency converter, the corresponding set threshold for determining is the first preset voltage value. The first preset voltage value is smaller than the input voltage V (in) of the frequency converter.
That is, when the output voltage v (out) of the inverter reaches the first predetermined voltage value, the d-axis current Id is applied to the inverter. Alternatively, it can be said that the condition for determining that the output voltage of the inverter reaches the first preset voltage value is used for loading the d-axis current Id to the inverter.
In this embodiment, the first preset voltage value may be set according to an actual situation, for example, the first preset voltage value may be adaptively changed according to a model and a specification of the frequency converter, which is not limited in the embodiment of the present invention.
In a specific embodiment, the first preset voltage value may be a maximum output voltage V1 of the frequency converter (as illustrated in fig. 3A) on the premise that the frequency converter can perform normal control on the motor.
In practice, in order to fully utilize the performance of the frequency converter, the maximum output voltage V1 of the frequency converter as the first preset voltage value is preferably close to or slightly less than the input voltage V (in) of the frequency converter. For example, the maximum output voltage V1 of the frequency converter is about 95% of its input voltage V (in).
Further, in this embodiment, the d-axis current Id is matched with the q-axis current Iq, and the output voltage v (out) of the frequency converter drops below the first predetermined voltage value. Since the first predetermined voltage value is smaller than the input voltage v (in) of the frequency converter, the output voltage v (out) of the frequency converter is naturally also smaller than the input voltage v (in) of the frequency converter.
In practice, the output voltage v (out) of the frequency converter is obtained by detecting the current and then converting the detected current. Therefore, the output voltage v (out) of the inverter is a little delayed in time as a determination condition. That is, the frequency converter can calculate the output voltage v (out) after detecting the current. The output voltage v (out) of the frequency converter obtained in the above-described manner therefore lags behind the actual output voltage. Therefore, the first predetermined time t1 is the response time for obtaining the output voltage v (out) of the frequency converter.
Specifically, as shown in fig. 5B, in a first predetermined time t1 after the output voltage V (out) of the frequency converter increases to the first preset voltage value V1, the output voltage V (out) of the frequency converter continues to increase to the first local voltage maximum value V1 (top). The first local maximum voltage V1(top) is between the first predetermined voltage value V1 and the input voltage V (in) of the frequency converter.
Although the actual output voltage of the frequency converter has exceeded the first preset voltage value V1 within the first
And once the output voltage V (out) of the frequency converter is detected to exceed the first preset voltage value, the d-axis current Id is loaded into the frequency converter, and the output voltage V (out) of the frequency converter is reduced subsequently.
That is, the d-axis current Id is not loaded into the frequency converter until the output voltage V (out) of the frequency converter is continuously increased to the first predetermined voltage value V1 for the first
Although the larger the value of the d-axis current Id, the lower the output voltage v (out) of the frequency converter is dropped, the less easily it exceeds the input voltage v (in). However, the output voltage v (out) of the frequency converter is used as the power supply voltage of the motor, and the requirement of the load dragged by the motor is also met. Therefore, the value of the d-axis current Id cannot be too low to decrease the output voltage v (out) of the inverter to be lower than the input voltage v (in). Thus, the value of the d-axis current Id may be different in different situations.
Typically, the value of the d-axis current Id is correlated to the motor current I1. Specifically, the d-axis current Id may be-80% of the motor current I1. Since the characteristics of different motors are different, the d-axis current Id may be adaptively adjusted or changed according to different motors, which is not limited in the embodiment of the present invention.
The d-axis current Id may be applied in an ascending manner or a constant value. The increasing loading may be a loading manner in which the value of the d-axis current Id gradually increases from 0 to a stable value. The output voltage V (out) of the frequency converter gradually decreases from the first local voltage maximum value V1(top) until it decreases below the first preset voltage value V1. This loading is illustrated in fig. 5B.
The constant value loading may be a loading mode in which the value of the d-axis current Id changes abruptly from 0 to a constant value. The output voltage V (out) of the frequency converter can quickly drop from the first local voltage maximum V1(top) to below the first preset voltage value in a short time.
The value of the d-axis current Id is also different due to different situations. Therefore, the calculation of the value of the d-axis current Id also requires a corresponding time (generally, more than 100 ms). During the period of calculating the value of the d-axis current Id to be loaded, the output voltage v (out) of the frequency converter will still increase and may exceed the input voltage (in). Therefore, the d-axis current Id is preferably loadable in an increasing manner.
As shown in fig. 6A and 6B, in the second preferred embodiment of the present invention, when the electrical parameter is the q-axis current Iq of the frequency converter, the corresponding set threshold value for judgment is the preset
Thus, as shown in fig. 6B, when the q-axis current Iq reaches the preset current value Iq1, the output voltage V (out) of the frequency converter reaches the second local voltage maximum V2(top), which is lower than the input voltage V (in) of the frequency converter V2 (top).
The d-axis current Id is applied to the frequency converter when the q-axis current Iq increases to a predetermined current value Iq1, i.e., the d-axis current Id is applied to the frequency converter when the output voltage V (out) of the frequency converter reaches a second local voltage maximum V2 (top). Subsequently, the output voltage V (out) of the frequency converter gradually decreases from the second local voltage maximum V2(top) to a second preset voltage value V2 or lower.
Thus, compared to the first preferred embodiment, the acquisition of the q-axis current Iq does not require the calculation time as the acquisition of the output voltage v (out). Therefore, the second preferred embodiment can more accurately avoid the situation that the frequency converter loses control over the motor.
Similarly, in the present embodiment, the d-axis current Id may be applied in an ascending value or a constant value. Reference is made to the above description for details, which are not repeated herein.
In this embodiment, the predetermined current value Iq1 may be determined so as to be larger than the amplitude of the q-axis current Iq of the inverter when the load is involved. I.e. the preset current value Iq1 is larger than the amplitude of the q-axis current Iq corresponding to the frequency converter when its load increases.
Since the q-axis current Iq is an alternating current, it has a vibration amplitude, i.e., a maximum value. The preset current value Iq1 is only required to be larger than the vibration amplitude of the q-axis current Iq of the frequency converter when the load is involved. Generally, the preset current value Iq1 is greater than 20% -40% of the vibration amplitude of the q-axis current Iq of the frequency converter when the load is involved.
As shown in fig. 3C and 4C, the introduction of the d-axis current Id can reduce the output voltage v (out) of the inverter, but increase the motor current I1. Thus, the power consumption of the inverter increases.
In view of this, as shown in fig. 5A and 6A, the application of the d-axis current Id is stopped when the electrical parameter drops below the corresponding set threshold or after a second predetermined time from the corresponding set threshold. Therefore, after the d-axis current Id is introduced to achieve the purpose of reducing the output voltage V (out) of the frequency converter, the d-axis current Id is removed, so that the power consumption of the frequency converter can be reduced, and the energy conservation is realized.
In this embodiment, when the electrical parameter is the output voltage v (out) of the frequency converter, the loading of the d-axis current Id may be stopped when the output voltage v (out) of the frequency converter decreases to a value below a first preset voltage value, or after the output voltage v (out) of the frequency converter decreases to a value below the first preset voltage value for a second predetermined time.
Alternatively, when the electrical parameter is the q-axis current Iq, the loading of the d-axis current Id may be stopped when the q-axis current Iq decreases below the preset current value Iq1 or after decreasing below the preset current value Iq1 for a second predetermined time.
The second predetermined time t2 may be set according to actual operating conditions, which is not limited in the embodiment of the present invention.
According to the method for controlling the output voltage of the frequency converter, the electrical parameter of the frequency converter is obtained, and whether the electrical parameter is increased to be higher than the corresponding preset threshold value or not is used as the judgment time for introducing the d-axis current Id. Thus, the d-axis current Id and the q-axis current Iq work together to lower the output voltage v (out) of the frequency converter so that the output voltage v (out) of the frequency converter does not exceed the input voltage v (in). Thereby, a situation is avoided in which the frequency converter loses control of the working unit, including the motor.
Based on the same concept, the invention also provides a device for controlling the output voltage of the frequency converter, as described in the following embodiments. Because the principle of the device for controlling the output voltage of the frequency converter to solve the problem and the technical effect which can be obtained are similar to the method for controlling the output voltage of the frequency converter, the implementation of the device for controlling the output voltage of the frequency converter can refer to the implementation of the method for controlling the output voltage of the frequency converter, and repeated parts are not repeated. The term "module" used below may be implemented based on software, or based on hardware, or implemented by a combination of software and hardware.
As shown in fig. 8, the apparatus for controlling an output voltage of a frequency converter according to an embodiment of the present invention may include:
the electric
The d-axis
The embodiment of the invention also provides equipment for controlling the output voltage of the frequency converter, which comprises a processor and a memory for storing executable instructions of the processor, wherein the instructions are implemented by the processor and comprise the following steps: acquiring an electrical parameter of the frequency converter, wherein the electrical parameter is output voltage or q-axis current of the frequency converter; loading d-axis current to the frequency converter when the electrical parameter is increased to be above a corresponding set threshold value; the d-axis current is matched with the q-axis current, so that the output voltage of the frequency converter does not exceed the input voltage of the frequency converter.
The method, the device and the equipment for controlling the output voltage of the frequency converter in the embodiment correspond to a scene that the load of the working unit controlled by the frequency converter changes irregularly. In some scenarios, when the load of the working unit controlled by the frequency converter is regularly changed, for example, according to a predetermined period, the d-axis current Id may be introduced into the frequency converter according to the change rule of the load, so as to prevent the output voltage v (out) of the frequency converter from exceeding the input voltage v (in) when the load is increased.
The invention provides a corresponding frequency converter output voltage control scheme aiming at the scene of load regular change of a working unit controlled by a frequency converter. The method comprises the following specific steps:
as shown in fig. 10, a third preferred embodiment of the present invention further provides a method for controlling an output voltage of a frequency converter, including the following steps:
step S201: acquiring the change cycle of the load of a working unit driven by a frequency converter;
step S202: determining a starting time node of the load increase based on the change period of the load;
step S203: loading d-axis current to the frequency converter at a preset time before the initial time node of the load increase; the d-axis current is matched with the q-axis current of the frequency converter, so that the output voltage of the frequency converter does not exceed the input voltage of the frequency converter.
In this embodiment, the working unit driven by the frequency converter may specifically be a motor, and the load change of the motor may be further caused by a change of loads of other devices driven by the motor.
Specifically, in one scenario, the vacuum system described above is taken as an example. The periodic opening or closing of the valves provided in the vacuum chamber causes the motor load to vary periodically.
In this scenario, the valve is opened or closed for a predetermined period. When the valve is opened, the load of the motor is increased in a linkage manner, so that the output voltage v (out) of the frequency converter is increased.
To avoid that an increase of the output voltage v (out) of the frequency converter may result in exceeding the input voltage v (in), a d-axis current Id may be introduced into the frequency converter. Further, the loading time and the stop loading time of the d-axis current Id also vary periodically. The change period of the d-axis current Id is adapted to the change period of the load; that is, when the load increases, the d-axis current Id is applied to the frequency converter. When the load decreases, the loading of the d-axis current Id stops.
As shown in fig. 9B, the d-axis current Id is introduced into the frequency converter from t0 to t1, which is a predetermined time before t1, and the output voltage V (out) of the frequency converter drops from the initial voltage V0 and stabilizes to the local voltage minimum value V (low), so that the output voltage V (out) of the frequency converter can be lowered in advance. Thus, when the load is increased, the output voltage V (out) of the frequency converter can be gradually increased from the local voltage minimum value V (low) to a preset voltage value V1 lower than the input voltage V (in) of the frequency converter.
In this way, by introducing the d-axis current Id into the inverter before the load increases, the start point of the change in the output voltage v (out) of the inverter after the load increases can be reduced. Therefore, when the output voltage V (out) of the frequency converter is increased to a stable value, the output voltage V (out) of the frequency converter can still be lower than the input voltage V (in) of the frequency converter. Thereby, a situation is avoided in which the frequency converter loses control of the working unit, including the motor.
Similarly, in order to reduce the power consumption of the inverter and save energy, the application of the d-axis current is stopped when the q-axis current drops below a set threshold or after a predetermined time period below the set threshold corresponding to the drop of the q-axis current.
In the present embodiment, the set threshold may be the preset current value Iq1 described above. Reference is made to the above description for details, which are not repeated herein.
Based on the same concept, the invention also provides a device for controlling the output voltage of the frequency converter, as described in the following embodiments. Because the principle of the device for controlling the output voltage of the frequency converter to solve the problem and the technical effect which can be obtained are similar to the method for controlling the output voltage of the frequency converter, the implementation of the device for controlling the output voltage of the frequency converter can refer to the implementation of the method for controlling the output voltage of the frequency converter, and repeated parts are not repeated. The term "module" used below may be implemented based on software, or based on hardware, or implemented by a combination of software and hardware.
As shown in fig. 11, the apparatus for controlling an output voltage of a frequency converter according to an embodiment of the present invention may include:
a load change period obtaining module 201, configured to obtain a change period of a load of a working unit driven by the frequency converter.
A start time node determining module 202, configured to determine a start time node of the increased load based on a variation cycle of the load.
A d-axis current loading module 203, configured to load a d-axis current to the frequency converter at a predetermined time before a start time node of the load increase; the d-axis current is matched with the q-axis current of the frequency converter, so that the output voltage of the frequency converter does not exceed the input voltage of the frequency converter.
The embodiment of the invention also provides equipment for controlling the output voltage of the frequency converter, which comprises a processor and a memory for storing executable instructions of the processor, wherein the instructions are implemented by the processor and comprise the following steps: acquiring the change cycle of the load of a working unit driven by a frequency converter; determining a starting time node of the load increase based on the change period of the load; loading d-axis current to the frequency converter at a preset time before the initial time node of the load increase; the d-axis current is matched with the q-axis current of the frequency converter, so that the output voltage of the frequency converter does not exceed the input voltage of the frequency converter.
The present invention further provides a system for controlling an output voltage of a frequency converter, the system includes a processor and a memory for storing executable instructions of the processor, and the instructions, when executed by the processor, can implement the steps of the method according to any one of the first to third preferred embodiments of the present invention.
In addition, the embodiment of the invention also provides a vacuum system. As described above, referring to fig. 12, the vacuum system includes the
When the
Thus, when the
It should be noted that, in the description of the present invention, the terms "first", "second", and the like are used for descriptive purposes only and for distinguishing similar objects, and no precedence between the two is considered as indicating or implying relative importance. In addition, in the description of the present invention, "a plurality" means two or more unless otherwise specified.
Any numerical value recited herein includes all values from the lower value to the upper value that are incremented by one unit, provided that there is a separation of at least two units between any lower value and any higher value. For example, if it is stated that the number of a component or a value of a process variable (e.g., temperature, pressure, time, etc.) is from 1 to 90, preferably from 21 to 80, and more preferably from 30 to 70, it is intended that equivalents such as 15 to 85, 22 to 68, 43 to 51, 30 to 32 are also expressly enumerated in this specification. For values less than 1, one unit is suitably considered to be 0.0001, 0.001, 0.01, 0.1. These are only examples of what is intended to be explicitly recited, and all possible combinations of numerical values between the lowest value and the highest value that are explicitly recited in the specification in a similar manner are to be considered.
Unless otherwise indicated, all ranges include the endpoints and all numbers between the endpoints. The use of "about" or "approximately" with a range applies to both endpoints of the range. Thus, "about 20 to about 30" is intended to cover "about 20 to about 30", including at least the endpoints specified.
It is to be understood that the above description is intended to be illustrative, and not restrictive. Many embodiments and many applications other than the examples provided would be apparent to those of skill in the art upon reading the above description. The scope of the present teachings should, therefore, be determined not with reference to the above description, but should instead be determined with reference to the appended claims, along with the full scope of equivalents to which such claims are entitled. The disclosures of all articles and references, including patent applications and publications, are hereby incorporated by reference for all purposes. The omission in the foregoing claims of any aspect of subject matter that is disclosed herein is not intended to forego such subject matter, nor should the applicant consider that such subject matter is not considered part of the disclosed subject matter.