Uplink preemption in carrier aggregation/multi-connection mode
阅读说明：本技术 载波聚合/多连接模式下的上行链路抢占 (Uplink preemption in carrier aggregation/multi-connection mode ) 是由 S·侯赛尼 A·阿明扎德戈哈里 P·加尔 陈万士 李治平 蒋靖 于 2019-02-25 设计创作，主要内容包括：本公开内容的某些方面涉及支持载波聚合(CA)和/或多连接模式的某些系统(诸如新无线电(NR)系统)中的上行链路抢占。概括而言,一种可以由用户设备(UE)执行的用于无线通信的方法包括：接收将UE调度用于上行链路传输的资源指派。UE接收关于抢占在被指派资源的一部分上的上行链路传输的指示,并且确定是否在剩余被指派资源上进行发送。概括而言,一种可以由基站(BS)执行的方法包括：从一个或多个UE接收指示,该指示用于指示：针对多个频带组合中的每个频带组合,当在该频带组合中的一频带上的传输被抢占时UE在另一频带上进行发送的能力；以及基于该指示来将一个或多个UE调度用于上行链路传输。(Certain aspects of the present disclosure relate to uplink preemption in certain systems that support Carrier Aggregation (CA) and/or multi-connection modes, such as New Radio (NR) systems. In summary, a method for wireless communication that may be performed by a User Equipment (UE) includes: a resource assignment is received that schedules the UE for uplink transmission. The UE receives an indication to preempt uplink transmissions on a portion of the assigned resources and determines whether to transmit on the remaining assigned resources. In summary, a method, which may be performed by a Base Station (BS), comprises: receiving an indication from one or more UEs indicating: for each of a plurality of band combinations, the ability of the UE to transmit on one band when transmissions on another band of the band combination are preempted; and scheduling one or more UEs for uplink transmission based on the indication.)
1. A method for wireless communications by a User Equipment (UE), comprising:
receiving a resource assignment that schedules the UE for uplink transmission;
receiving an indication to preempt uplink transmissions on a portion of the assigned resources; and
it is determined whether to transmit on the remaining assigned resources.
2. The method of claim 1, further comprising: preempting transmissions on the portion of the assigned resources by relinquishing uplink transmissions in the portion of the assigned resources.
3. The method of claim 1, further comprising: sending or dropping uplink transmissions on the remaining assigned resources based on the determination.
4. The method of claim 1, wherein:
the portion of the assigned resources comprises at least one symbol and at least one Component Carrier (CC), and
the remaining assigned resources comprise at least one of: other symbols after the at least one symbol, or other CCs in addition to the at least one CC.
5. The method of claim 4, wherein the determination is based on whether phase continuity is to be maintained between the CCs after the preemption.
6. The method of claim 4, wherein the determination is based on at least one of: whether the at least one CC and the other CC are inter-band or intra-band, or whether the at least one CC and the other CC are frequency contiguous or frequency non-contiguous.
7. The method of claim 6, wherein the determining comprises: determining to refrain from uplink transmission in the at least one symbol on the other CC when the at least one CC and the other CC are in-band and frequency contiguous.
8. The method of claim 6, wherein the determining comprises: determining to send an uplink transmission in the at least one symbol on the other CC when the at least one CC and the other CC are frequency discontinuous.
9. The method of claim 4, further comprising: providing an indication to a Base Station (BS) of the UE's ability to transmit on the other CC when the at least one CC is preempted.
10. The method of claim 4, wherein the determining comprises: determining to send uplink transmissions on the at least one CC and the other CCs in the other symbols when phase continuity is to be maintained on the at least one CC and the other CCs after the preemption.
11. The method of claim 4, wherein the determining comprises: determining to send or drop uplink transmissions on the at least one CC and the other CCs in the other symbols when phase continuity is to be maintained on only some of the CCs after the preemption.
12. The method of claim 4, wherein the determination is based on a type of content of the other symbol.
13. The method of claim 12, wherein the type of content comprises at least one of: a demodulation reference signal (DMRS), Uplink Control Information (UCI), or a type of UCI.
14. The method of claim 12, wherein the determining comprises: determining to send an uplink transmission on one of the other symbols on the at least one CC and each of the other CCs when the type of content is sent on the CC in the other symbol.
15. The method of claim 12, wherein the determining comprises: determining to send uplink transmissions on both the at least one CC and the other CC in one of the other symbols when the type of content is sent in the other CC in the other symbol.
16. The method of claim 15, wherein:
the type of content is not sent in the at least one CC in one of the other symbols, and
phase continuity will not be maintained.
17. A method for wireless communications by a Base Station (BS), comprising:
receiving an indication from one or more User Equipments (UEs), the indication indicating: for each of a plurality of band combinations, the ability of the UE to transmit on one band of the band combination when transmissions on another band are preempted; and
scheduling the one or more UEs for uplink transmission based on the indication.
18. An apparatus for wireless communication, comprising:
means for receiving a resource assignment scheduling the apparatus for uplink transmission;
means for receiving an indication to preempt uplink transmissions on a portion of the assigned resources; and
means for determining whether to transmit on the remaining assigned resources.
19. The apparatus of claim 18, further comprising: means for preempting transmissions on the portion of the assigned resources by relinquishing uplink transmissions in the portion of the assigned resources.
20. The apparatus of claim 18, further comprising: means for transmitting or dropping uplink transmissions on the remaining assigned resources based on the determination.
21. The apparatus of claim 18, wherein:
the portion of the assigned resources comprises at least one symbol and at least one Component Carrier (CC), and
the remaining assigned resources comprise at least one of: other symbols after the at least one symbol, or other CCs in addition to the at least one CC.
22. The apparatus of claim 21, wherein the determination is based on whether phase continuity is to be maintained between the CCs after the preemption.
23. The apparatus of claim 21, wherein the determination is based on at least one of: whether the at least one CC and the other CC are inter-band or intra-band, or whether the at least one CC and the other CC are frequency contiguous or frequency non-contiguous.
24. The apparatus of claim 23, wherein the determining comprises: determining to refrain from uplink transmission in the at least one symbol on the other CC when the at least one CC and the other CC are in-band and frequency contiguous.
25. The apparatus of claim 23, wherein the determining comprises: determining to send an uplink transmission in the at least one symbol on the other CC when the at least one CC and the other CC are frequency discontinuous.
26. The apparatus of claim 21, further comprising: means for providing an indication to another apparatus of the apparatus' ability to transmit on the other CC when the at least one CC is preempted.
27. The apparatus of claim 21, wherein the determining comprises: determining to send uplink transmissions on the at least one CC and the other CC in the other symbol when phase continuity is to be maintained on the at least one CC and the other CC after the preemption.
28. The apparatus of claim 21, wherein the determining comprises: determining to send or drop uplink transmissions on the at least one CC and the other CCs in the other symbols when phase continuity is to be maintained on only some of the CCs after the preemption.
29. The apparatus of claim 21, wherein the determination is based on a type of content of the other symbol.
30. An apparatus for wireless communication, comprising:
means for receiving an indication from one or more other apparatuses indicating: for each of a plurality of band combinations, the other apparatus' ability to transmit on one band when transmissions on another band in that band combination are preempted; and
means for scheduling the one or more apparatuses for uplink transmission based on the indication.
Technical Field
Aspects of the present disclosure relate to wireless communications, and more particularly, aspects of the present disclosure relate to techniques for wireless communications including uplink preemption processing, e.g., for certain systems that support Carrier Aggregation (CA) and/or multiple connectivity modes, such as New Radio (NR) systems.
Background
Wireless communication systems are widely deployed to provide various telecommunication services such as telephony, video, data, messaging, broadcast, and so on. These wireless communication systems may employ multiple-access techniques capable of supporting communication with multiple users by sharing the available system resources (e.g., bandwidth, transmit power, etc.). Examples of such multiple-access systems include third generation partnership project (3GPP) Long Term Evolution (LTE) systems, LTE-advanced (LTE-a) systems, Code Division Multiple Access (CDMA) systems, Time Division Multiple Access (TDMA) systems, Frequency Division Multiple Access (FDMA) systems, Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiple Access (OFDMA) systems, single carrier frequency division multiple access (SC-FDMA) systems, and time division synchronous code division multiple access (TD-SCDMA) systems, to name a few.
In some examples, a wireless multiple-access communication system may include multiple Base Stations (BSs) that are each capable of simultaneously supporting communication for multiple communication devices, otherwise referred to as User Equipments (UEs). In an LTE or LTE-a network, a set of one or more base stations may define an evolved node b (enb). In other examples (e.g., in a next generation, New Radio (NR), or 5G network), a wireless multiple-access communication system may include a plurality of Distributed Units (DUs) (e.g., Edge Units (EUs), Edge Nodes (ENs), Radio Heads (RHs), intelligent radio heads (SRHs), Transmit Receive Points (TRPs), etc.) in communication with a plurality of Central Units (CUs) (e.g., Central Nodes (CNs), Access Node Controllers (ANCs), etc.), where a set of one or more DUs in communication with a CU may define an access node (e.g., which may be referred to as a BS, 5G NB, next generation node B (gNB or gnnodeb), Transmit Receive Point (TRP), etc.). A BS or DU may communicate with a set of UEs on a downlink channel (e.g., for transmissions from the BS or DU to the UEs) and an uplink channel (e.g., for transmissions from the UEs to the BS or DU).
These multiple access techniques have been employed in various telecommunications standards to provide a common protocol that enables different wireless devices to communicate at the urban level, national level, regional level, or even global level. NR (e.g., new radio or 5G) is an example of an emerging telecommunications standard. NR is an enhanced set of LTE mobile standards promulgated by 3 GPP. NR is designed to better support mobile broadband internet access by improving spectral efficiency, reducing costs, improving services, utilizing new spectrum, and using OFDMA with Cyclic Prefix (CP) on the Downlink (DL) and on the Uplink (UL) to better integrate with other open standards. For these purposes, NR supports beamforming, multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) antenna technology, and carrier aggregation.
However, as the demand for mobile broadband access continues to grow, there is a need for further improvements in NR and LTE technologies. Preferably, these improvements should be applicable to other multiple access techniques and telecommunications standards employing these techniques.
Disclosure of Invention
The systems, methods, and devices of the present disclosure each have several aspects, no single one of which is solely responsible for its desirable attributes. Without limiting the scope of the present disclosure as expressed by the claims that follow, some features will now be discussed briefly. After considering this discussion, and particularly after reading the section entitled "detailed description" one will understand how the features of this disclosure provide advantages that include improved communication between access points and stations in a wireless network.
Aspects of the present disclosure relate to uplink preemption for certain systems that support Carrier Aggregation (CA) and/or multi-connection modes, such as New Radio (NR) systems.
Certain aspects provide a method for wireless communications that may be performed by a User Equipment (UE). In summary, the method comprises: receiving a resource assignment that schedules the UE for uplink transmission. In summary, the method comprises: an indication is received to preempt uplink transmissions on a portion of the assigned resources. In summary, the method comprises: it is determined whether to transmit on the remaining assigned resources.
Performed by a Base Station (BS). In summary, the method comprises: receiving an indication from one or more UEs indicating: for each of a plurality of band combinations, the UE's ability to transmit on one band when transmissions on another band in that band combination are preempted. In summary, the method comprises: scheduling the one or more UEs for uplink transmission based on the indication.
Certain aspects provide an apparatus, such as a UE, for wireless communication. In summary, the apparatus comprises: means for receiving a resource assignment scheduling the apparatus for uplink transmission. In summary, the apparatus comprises: means for receiving an indication to preempt uplink transmissions on a portion of the assigned resources. In summary, the apparatus comprises: means for determining whether to transmit on the remaining assigned resources.
Certain aspects provide an apparatus, such as a BS, for wireless communication. In summary, the apparatus comprises: means for receiving an indication from one or more UEs indicating: for each of a plurality of band combinations, the UE's ability to transmit on one band when transmissions on another band in that band combination are preempted. In summary, the apparatus comprises: means for scheduling the one or more UEs for uplink transmission based on the indication.
Certain aspects provide an apparatus, such as a UE, for wireless communication. In general, the apparatus includes a receiver configured to: receiving a resource assignment that schedules the apparatus for uplink transmission; and receiving an indication to preempt uplink transmissions on a portion of the assigned resources. In summary, the apparatus includes at least one processor coupled with a memory and configured to: it is determined whether to transmit on the remaining assigned resources.
Certain aspects provide an apparatus, such as a BS, for wireless communication. In general, the apparatus includes a receiver configured to: receiving an indication from one or more UEs indicating: for each of a plurality of band combinations, the UE's ability to transmit on one band when transmissions on another band in that band combination are preempted. In summary, the apparatus includes at least one processor coupled with a memory and configured to: scheduling the one or more UEs for uplink transmission based on the indication.
Certain aspects provide a computer-readable medium having computer-executable code stored thereon for wireless communication. In general, the computer executable code includes: code for receiving a resource assignment scheduling the UE for uplink transmission. In general, the computer executable code includes: code for receiving an indication to preempt uplink transmissions on a portion of the assigned resources. In general, the computer executable code includes: code for determining whether to transmit on the remaining assigned resources.
Certain aspects provide a computer-readable medium having computer-executable code stored thereon for wireless communication. In general, the computer executable code includes: code for receiving an indication from one or more UEs indicating: for each of a plurality of band combinations, the UE's ability to transmit on one band when transmissions on another band of the band combination are preempted. In general, the computer executable code includes: code for scheduling the one or more UEs for uplink transmissions based on the indication.
To the accomplishment of the foregoing and related ends, the one or more aspects comprise the features hereinafter fully described and particularly pointed out in the claims. The following description and the annexed drawings set forth in detail certain illustrative features of the one or more aspects. These features are indicative, however, of but a few of the various ways in which the principles of various aspects may be employed.
Drawings
So that the above recited features of the present disclosure can be understood in detail, a more particular description (briefly summarized above) may be had by reference to aspects, some of which are illustrated in the appended drawings. It is to be noted, however, that the appended drawings illustrate only certain typical aspects of this disclosure and are therefore not to be considered limiting of its scope, for the description may admit to other equally effective aspects.
Fig. 1 is a block diagram conceptually illustrating an exemplary telecommunications system in accordance with certain aspects of the present disclosure.
Fig. 2 is a block diagram illustrating an example architecture of a distributed Radio Access Network (RAN) in accordance with certain aspects of the present disclosure.
Fig. 3 is a block diagram illustrating an example of a communication protocol stack for implementing in an example RAN architecture, in accordance with certain aspects of the present disclosure.
Fig. 4 is a block diagram conceptually illustrating a design of an example Base Station (BS) and User Equipment (UE), in accordance with certain aspects of the present disclosure.
Fig. 5 illustrates an example system architecture for interworking between a 5G system (5GS) and an evolved universal mobile telecommunications system network (E-UTRAN) system in accordance with certain aspects of the present disclosure.
Fig. 6 illustrates an example of a frame format for a telecommunications system in accordance with certain aspects of the present disclosure.
Fig. 7 illustrates an example continuous carrier aggregation type in accordance with certain aspects of the present disclosure.
Fig. 8 illustrates an example non-contiguous carrier aggregation type in accordance with certain aspects of the present disclosure.
Fig. 9 illustrates an example of uplink preemption in accordance with certain aspects of the present disclosure.
Fig. 10 is a flow diagram illustrating exemplary operations for wireless communications by a transmitting device in accordance with aspects of the present disclosure.
Fig. 11 is a flow diagram illustrating exemplary operations for wireless communication by a receiving device in accordance with aspects of the present disclosure.
Fig. 12 illustrates a communication device that may include various components configured to perform operations for the techniques disclosed herein, in accordance with aspects of the present disclosure.
Fig. 13 illustrates a communication device that may include various components configured to perform operations for the techniques disclosed herein, in accordance with aspects of the present disclosure.
To facilitate understanding, identical reference numerals have been used, where possible, to designate identical elements that are common to the figures. It is contemplated that elements disclosed in one aspect may be beneficially utilized on other aspects without specific recitation.
Detailed Description
Aspects of the present disclosure provide apparatuses, methods, processing systems, and computer-readable media for NR (new radio access technology or 5G NR technology). NR may support various wireless communication services, such as enhanced mobile broadband (eMBB) targeting wide bandwidths (e.g., 80MHz or over 80MHz), millimeter wave (mmW) targeting high carrier frequencies (e.g., 25GHz or over 25GHz), massive MTC (MTC) targeting non-backward compatible Machine Type Communication (MTC) technologies, and/or mission critical targeting ultra-reliable low latency communication (URLLC). These services may include latency and reliability requirements. These services may also have different Transmission Time Intervals (TTIs) to meet corresponding quality of service (QoS) requirements. In addition, these services may coexist in the same subframe.
Due to different scheduling timelines for different services, resources allocated for a service may be used for different services (e.g., preempted by different services). In some examples, URLLC transmissions may preempt eMBB allocation due to high latency requirements for URLLC.
Aspects of the present disclosure provide methods and apparatus for uplink preemption processing for certain systems, such as NR supporting Carrier Aggregation (CA) and/or multi-connection modes. The techniques described herein may provide for processing of transmissions on other carriers, cells, and/or in other symbols (when preemption occurs in another carrier, cell, or symbol).
The following description provides examples, but does not limit the scope, applicability, or examples set forth in the claims. Changes may be made in the function and arrangement of elements discussed without departing from the scope of the disclosure. Various examples may omit, substitute, or add various procedures or components as appropriate. For example, the described methods may be performed in an order different than that described, and various steps may be added, omitted, or combined. Furthermore, features described with respect to some examples may be combined into some other examples. For example, an apparatus may be implemented or a method may be practiced using any number of the aspects set forth herein. Moreover, the scope of the present disclosure is intended to cover such an apparatus or method implemented with other structure, functionality, or structure and functionality in addition to or other than the various aspects of the disclosure set forth herein. It should be understood that any aspect of the disclosure disclosed herein may be embodied by one or more elements of a claim. The word "exemplary" is used herein to mean "serving as an example, instance, or illustration. Any aspect described herein as "exemplary" is not necessarily to be construed as preferred or advantageous over other aspects.
The techniques described herein may be used for various wireless communication technologies such as LTE, CDMA, TDMA, FDMA, OFDMA, SC-FDMA, and other networks. The terms "network" and "system" are often used interchangeably. A CDMA network may implement a radio technology such as Universal Terrestrial Radio Access (UTRA), CDMA2000, etc. UTRA includes wideband CDMA (wcdma) and other variants of CDMA. cdma2000 covers IS-2000, IS-95 and IS-856 standards. TDMA networks may implement radio technologies such as global system for mobile communications (GSM). An OFDMA network may implement radio technologies such as NR (e.g., 5G RA), evolved UTRA (E-UTRA), Ultra Mobile Broadband (UMB), IEEE 802.11(Wi-Fi), IEEE 802.16(WiMAX), IEEE802.20, flash-OFDMA, and the like. UTRA and E-UTRA are part of the Universal Mobile Telecommunications System (UMTS).
New Radios (NR) are emerging wireless communication technologies under development in conjunction with the 5G technology forum (5 GTF). 3GPP Long Term Evolution (LTE) and LTE-advanced (LTE-A) are releases of UMTS that use E-UTRA. UTRA, E-UTRA, UMTS, LTE-A, and GSM are described in documents from an organization entitled "third Generation partnership project" (3 GPP). Cdma2000 and UMB are described in documents from an organization named "third generation partnership project 2" (3GPP 2). The techniques described herein may be used for the wireless networks and radio technologies mentioned above as well as other wireless networks and radio technologies. For clarity, although aspects may be described herein using terms commonly associated with 3G and/or 4G wireless technologies, aspects of the present disclosure may be applied in other generation-based communication systems, e.g., 5G and beyond technologies, including NR technologies.
Exemplary Wireless communication System
Fig. 1 illustrates an exemplary wireless communication network 100 in which aspects of the disclosure may be performed. For example, the wireless communication network 100 may be a New Radio (NR) or 5G network. The wireless communication network 100 may support Carrier Aggregation (CA) and/or multi-connectivity modes, such as Dual Connectivity (DC) mode.
As shown in fig. 1, wireless communication network 100 may include multiple BSs 110 and other network entities. The BS may be a station that communicates with a User Equipment (UE) 120. BS110a may allocate (e.g., schedule) resources to UE 120a in wireless communication network 100 for transmission for a particular type of service. The UE 120a or another UE 120 may be allocated resources for another transmission for another service using at least some of the time-frequency resources allocated for the first transmission. Thus, BS110a may indicate to UE 120a to preempt transmission on the overlapping resources. Based on the indication, UE 120a determines to forgo transmission on the overlapping allocated time-frequency resources. UE 120a also determines whether to send or drop transmissions on other time-frequency resources, such as other carriers or symbols. As shown in fig. 1, UE 120a has modules configured to determine whether to transmit on the remaining resources after uplink preemption, in accordance with aspects of the present disclosure. As described in more detail below, the determination as to whether to send or drop a transmission on other time-frequency resources may be based on various scenarios/factors. BS110a may receive an indication from UE 120a of: combining frequency bands; and for each band, whether UE 120a is capable of transmitting on the other bands when one of the bands is preempted. As shown in fig. 1, BS110a has a module configured for scheduling UEs based on the indication.
Each BS110 may provide communication coverage for a particular geographic area. In 3GPP, the term "cell" can refer to a coverage area of a Node B (NB) and/or an NB subsystem serving the coverage area, depending on the context in which the term is used. In NR systems, the terms "cell" and next generation node B (gNB or gnnodeb), NR BS, 5G NB, Access Point (AP) or Transmission Reception Point (TRP) may be interchangeable. In some examples, the cell may not necessarily be stationary, and the geographic area of the cell may move according to the location of the mobile BS. In some examples, the base stations may be interconnected with each other and/or with one or more other base stations or network nodes (not shown) in the wireless communication network 100 by various types of backhaul interfaces (e.g., interfaces that are directly physical connections, wireless connections, virtual networks, or use any suitable transport networks).
In general, any number of wireless networks may be deployed in a given geographic area. Each wireless network may support a particular Radio Access Technology (RAT) and may operate on one or more frequencies. A RAT may also be referred to as a radio technology, air interface, etc. Frequencies may also be referred to as carriers, subcarriers, frequency channels, tones, subbands, and so on. Each frequency may support a single RAT in a given geographic area in order to avoid interference between wireless networks having different RATs. In some cases, NR or 5G RAT networks may be deployed.
The BS may provide communication coverage for a macrocell, picocell, femtocell, and/or other type of cell. A macro cell may cover a relatively large geographic area (e.g., several kilometers in radius) and may allow unrestricted access by UEs with service subscriptions. A pico cell may cover a relatively small geographic area and may allow unrestricted access by UEs with service subscriptions. A femto cell may cover a relatively small geographic area (e.g., a residence) and may allow restricted access by UEs having an association with the femto cell (e.g., UEs in a Closed Subscriber Group (CSG), UEs for users in the residence, etc.). The BS for the macro cell may be referred to as a macro BS. The BS for the pico cell may be referred to as a pico BS. The BS for the femto cell may be referred to as a femto BS or a home BS. In the example shown in fig. 1, BSs 110a, 110b, and 110c may be macro BSs for macro cells 102a, 102b, and 102c, respectively. BS110 x may be a pico BS for pico cell 102 x. BSs 110y and 110z may be femto BSs for femtocells 102y and 102z, respectively. A BS may support one or more (e.g., three) cells.
The wireless communication network 100 may also include relay stations. A relay station is a station that receives data transmissions and/or other information from an upstream station (e.g., a BS or a UE) and transmits data transmissions and/or other information to a downstream station (e.g., a UE or a BS). A relay station may also be a UE that relays transmissions for other UEs. In the example shown in fig. 1, relay station 110r may communicate with BS110a and UE 120r to facilitate communication between BS110a and UE 120 r. The relay station may also be referred to as a relay BS, a relay, etc.
The wireless communication network 100 may be a heterogeneous network including different types of BSs (e.g., macro BSs, pico BSs, femto BSs, repeaters, etc.). These different types of BSs may have different transmit power levels, different coverage areas, and different effects on interference in the wireless communication network 100. For example, macro BSs may have a high transmit power level (e.g., 20 watts), while pico BSs, femto BSs, and repeaters may have a lower transmit power level (e.g., 1 watt).
The wireless communication network 100 may support synchronous operation or asynchronous operation. For synchronous operation, BSs may have similar frame timing, and transmissions from different BSs may be approximately aligned in time. For asynchronous operation, the BSs may have different frame timings, and transmissions from different BSs may not be aligned in time. The techniques described herein may be used for both synchronous and asynchronous operations.
Network controller 130 may couple to a set of BSs and provide coordination and control for these BSs. Network controller 130 may communicate with BS110 via a backhaul. BSs 110 may also communicate with each other via a wireless or wired backhaul (e.g., directly or indirectly).
UEs 120 (e.g., 120x, 120y, etc.) may be dispersed throughout the wireless communication network 100, and each UE may be stationary or mobile. A UE may also be referred to as a mobile station, a terminal, an access terminal, a subscriber unit, a station, a Customer Premises Equipment (CPE), a cellular telephone, a smartphone, a Personal Digital Assistant (PDA), a wireless modem, a wireless communication device, a handheld device, a laptop, a cordless telephone, a Wireless Local Loop (WLL) station, a tablet computer, a camera, a gaming device, a netbook, a smartbook, an ultrabook, an appliance, a medical device or medical equipment, a biometric sensor/device, a wearable device (e.g., a smartwatch, a smart garment, smart glasses, a smart wristband, smart jewelry (e.g., a smart ring, a smart bracelet, etc.)), an entertainment device (e.g., a music device, a video device, a satellite radio, etc.), a vehicle component or sensor, a smart meter/sensor, an industrial manufacturing device, a smart phone, a, A global positioning system device, or any other suitable device configured to communicate via a wireless or wired medium. Some UEs may be considered Machine Type Communication (MTC) devices or evolved MTC (emtc) devices. MTC and eMTC UEs include, for example, a robot, a drone, a remote device, a sensor, a meter, a monitor, a location tag, etc., which may communicate with a BS, another device (e.g., a remote device), or some other entity. The wireless nodes may provide connectivity, for example, to or from a network (e.g., a wide area network such as the internet or a cellular network) via wired or wireless communication links. Some UEs may be considered internet of things (IoT) devices, which may be narrowband IoT (NB-IoT) devices.
Some wireless networks (e.g., LTE) utilize Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing (OFDM) on the downlink and single carrier frequency division multiplexing (SC-FDM) on the uplink. OFDM and SC-FDM partition the system bandwidth into multiple (K) orthogonal subcarriers, which are also commonly referred to as tones, bins, and so on. Each subcarrier may be modulated with data. Typically, modulation symbols are sent in the frequency domain with OFDM and in the time domain with SC-FDM. The spacing between adjacent subcarriers may be fixed, and the total number of subcarriers (K) may depend on the system bandwidth. For example, the spacing of the subcarriers may be 15kHz and the minimum resource allocation (referred to as a "resource block" (RB)) may be 12 subcarriers (or 180 kHz). Thus, for a system bandwidth of 1.25, 2.5, 5, 10, or 20 megahertz (MHz), the nominal Fast Fourier Transform (FFT) size may be equal to 128, 256, 512, 1024, or 2048, respectively. The system bandwidth may also be divided into subbands. For example, a sub-band may cover 1.08MHz (i.e., 6 resource blocks), and there may be 1, 2, 4,8, or 16 sub-bands for a system bandwidth of 1.25, 2.5, 5, 10, or 20MHz, respectively.
Although aspects of the examples described herein may be associated with LTE technology, aspects of the disclosure may be applied with other wireless communication systems (e.g., NRs). NR may utilize OFDM with CP on the uplink and downlink, and may include support for half-duplex operation using TDD. Beamforming may be supported and beam directions may be dynamically configured. MIMO transmission with precoding may also be supported. A MIMO configuration in the DL may support up to 8 transmit antennas, with a multi-layer DL transmitting up to 8 streams and up to 2 streams per UE. Multi-layer transmission with up to 2 streams per UE may be supported. Aggregation of multiple cells with up to 8 serving cells may be supported.
In some examples, access to the air interface may be scheduled. A scheduling entity (e.g., a BS) allocates resources for communication among some or all of the devices and apparatuses within its service area or cell. The scheduling entity may be responsible for scheduling, assigning, reconfiguring, and releasing resources for one or more subordinate entities. That is, for scheduled communications, the subordinate entity utilizes the resources allocated by the scheduling entity. The base station is not the only entity that can be used as a scheduling entity. In some examples, a UE may serve as a scheduling entity and may schedule resources for one or more subordinate entities (e.g., one or more other UEs), and the other UEs may utilize the resources scheduled by the UE for wireless communications. In some examples, the UE may serve as a scheduling entity in a peer-to-peer (P2P) network and/or in a mesh network. In the mesh network example, in addition to communicating with the scheduling entity, the UEs may also communicate directly with each other.
In fig. 1, a solid line with double arrows indicates desired transmissions between a UE and a serving BS, which is a BS designated to serve the UE on the downlink and/or uplink. The thin dashed line with double arrows indicates interfering transmissions between the UE and the BS.
Fig. 2 illustrates an exemplary architecture of a distributed Radio Access Network (RAN)200 that may be implemented in the wireless communication network 100 shown in fig. 1.
As shown in fig. 2, the distributed RAN includes a Core Network (CN)202 and an
The CU-
The CU-UP212 may be connected to the CU-
The DUs (e.g.,
The CU-
The distributed
The logical functions may be dynamically distributed in the distributed
The system may support various services based on one or more protocols. Fig. 3 shows a diagram depicting an example for implementing a communication protocol stack 300 in a RAN (e.g., RAN 200) in accordance with aspects of the present disclosure. The illustrated communication protocol stack 300 may be implemented by a device operating in a wireless communication system, such as a 5G NR system (e.g., wireless communication network 100). In various examples, the layers of the protocol stack 300 may be implemented as separate software modules, portions of a processor or ASIC, portions of non-collocated devices connected by a communication link, or various combinations thereof. Collocated and non-collocated implementations may be used, for example, in a protocol stack for a network access device or UE. One or more protocol layers of the protocol stack 300 may be implemented by the AN and/or the UE.
As shown in fig. 3, the protocol stack 300 is split in AN (e.g., AN208 in fig. 2). The RRC layer 305, PDCP layer 310, RLC layer 315, MAC layer 320, PHY layer 325, and RF layer 530 may be implemented by AN. For example, a CU-CP (e.g., CU-
The UE may implement the entire protocol stack 300 (e.g., RRC layer 305, PDCP layer 310, RLC layer 315, MAC layer 320, PHY layer 325, and RF layer 330).
Fig. 4 shows exemplary components of BS110 and UE 120 (as depicted in fig. 1) that may be used to implement aspects of the present disclosure. For example, antennas 452, processors 466, 458, 464, and/or controller/processor 480 of UE 120, and/or antennas 434, processors 420, 430, 438, and/or controller/processor 440 of BS110 may be used to perform various techniques and methods described herein. For example, as shown in fig. 4, controller/processor 480 has means for determining whether to transmit on the remaining resources after uplink preemption, and controller/processor 440 has means for scheduling UEs based on the UE uplink preemption capability.
At BS110, a transmit processor 420 may receive data from a data source 412 and control information from a controller/processor 440. The control information may be used for a Physical Broadcast Channel (PBCH), a Physical Control Format Indicator Channel (PCFICH), a physical hybrid ARQ indicator channel (PHICH), a Physical Downlink Control Channel (PDCCH), a group common PDCCH (gc PDCCH), etc. The data may be for a Physical Downlink Shared Channel (PDSCH), etc. Processor 420 may process (e.g., encode and symbol map) the data and control information to obtain data symbols and control symbols, respectively. Processor 420 may also generate reference symbols, e.g., for Primary Synchronization Signals (PSS), Secondary Synchronization Signals (SSS), and cell-specific reference signals (CRS). A Transmit (TX) multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) processor 430 may perform spatial processing (e.g., precoding) on the data symbols, the control symbols, and/or the reference symbols, if applicable, and may provide output symbol streams to Modulators (MODs) 432a through 432 t. Each modulator 432 may process a respective output symbol stream (e.g., for OFDM, etc.) to obtain an output sample stream. Each modulator may further process (e.g., convert to analog, amplify, filter, and upconvert) the output sample stream to obtain a downlink signal. Downlink signals from modulators 432a through 432t may be transmitted via antennas 434a through 434t, respectively.
At UE 120, antennas 452a through 452r may receive the downlink signals from base station 110 and may provide received signals to demodulators (DEMODs) in transceivers 454a through 454r, respectively. Each demodulator 454 may condition (e.g., filter, amplify, downconvert, and digitize) a respective received signal to obtain input samples. Each demodulator may further process the input samples (e.g., for OFDM, etc.) to obtain received symbols. A MIMO detector 456 may obtain received symbols from all demodulators 454a through 454r, perform MIMO detection on the received symbols (if applicable), and provide detected symbols. A receive processor 458 may process (e.g., demodulate, deinterleave, and decode) the detected symbols, provide decoded data for the UE 120 to a data sink 460, and provide decoded control information to a controller/processor 480.
On the uplink, at UE 120, a transmit processor 464 may receive and process data from a data source 462 (e.g., for a Physical Uplink Shared Channel (PUSCH)) and control information from a controller/processor 480 (e.g., for a Physical Uplink Control Channel (PUCCH)). Transmit processor 464 may also generate reference symbols for a reference signal (e.g., for a Sounding Reference Signal (SRS)). The symbols from transmit processor 464 may be precoded by a TX MIMO processor 466 if applicable, further processed by demodulators (e.g., for SC-FDM, etc.) in transceivers 454a through 454r, and transmitted to base station 110. At BS110, the uplink signals from UE 120 may be received by antennas 434, processed by modulators 432, detected by a MIMO detector 436 (if applicable), and further processed by a receive processor 438 to obtain decoded data and control information sent by UE 120. A receive processor 438 may provide decoded data to a data sink 439 and decoded control information to a controller/processor 440.
Controllers/processors 440 and 480 may direct the operation at BS110 and UE 120, respectively. Processor 440 and/or other processors and modules at BS110 may perform or direct the performance of processes for the techniques described herein. Memories 442 and 482 may store data and program codes for BS110 and UE 120, respectively. A scheduler 444 may schedule UEs for data transmission on the downlink and/or uplink.
Fig. 5 illustrates an
In LTE, the basic Transmission Time Interval (TTI), or packet duration, is a 1ms subframe. In NR, the subframe is still 1ms, but the basic TTI is called a slot. A subframe contains a variable number of slots (e.g., 1, 2, 4,8, 16.. slots), depending on the subcarrier spacing. NR RB is 12 consecutive frequency subcarriers. NR may support a basic subcarrier spacing of 15KHz and other subcarrier spacings may be defined relative to the basic subcarrier spacing, e.g., 30KHz, 60KHz, 120KHz, 240KHz, etc. The symbol and slot lengths scale with the subcarrier spacing. The CP length also depends on the subcarrier spacing.
Fig. 6 is a diagram showing an example of a frame format 600 for NR. The transmission timeline for each of the downlink and uplink may be divided into units of radio frames. Each radio frame may have a predetermined duration (e.g., 10ms) and may be divided into 10 subframes with indices of 0 through 9, each subframe being 1 ms. Each subframe may include a variable number of slots, depending on the subcarrier spacing. Each slot may include a variable number of symbol periods (e.g., 7 or 14 symbols), depending on the subcarrier spacing. An index may be assigned to a symbol period in each slot. A minislot (which may be referred to as a sub-slot structure) refers to a transmission time interval (e.g., 2, 3, or 4 symbols) having a duration less than a time slot.
Each symbol in a slot may indicate a link direction (e.g., DL, UL, or flexible) for data transmission, and the link direction for each subframe may be dynamically switched. The link direction may be based on a slot format. Each slot may include DL/UL data as well as DL/UL control information.
In NR, a Synchronization Signal (SS) block is transmitted. The SS block includes PSS, SSs, and two-symbol PBCH. The SS blocks may be transmitted in fixed slot positions (e.g., symbols 0-3 as shown in fig. 6). The PSS and SSS may be used by the UE for cell search and acquisition. The PSS may provide half-frame timing and the SS may provide CP length and frame timing. The PSS and SSS may provide the cell identity. The PBCH carries some basic system information such as downlink system bandwidth, timing information within the radio frame, SS burst set period, system frame number, etc. The SS blocks may be organized into SS bursts to support beam scanning. Additional system information, such as Remaining Minimum System Information (RMSI), System Information Blocks (SIBs), Other System Information (OSI), may be transmitted on the Physical Downlink Shared Channel (PDSCH) in certain subframes. For mmW, SS blocks may be sent up to sixty-four times, e.g., with up to sixty-four different beam directions. Up to sixty-four transmissions of an SS block are referred to as an SS burst set. SS blocks in a set of SS bursts are transmitted in the same frequency region, while SS blocks in different sets of SS bursts may be transmitted at different frequency locations.
In some cases, two or more subordinate entities (e.g., UEs) may communicate with each other using sidelink signals. Realistic applications of such sidelink communications may include public safety, proximity services, UE-to-network relays, vehicle-to-vehicle (V2V) communications, internet of everything (IoE) communications, IoT communications, mission critical mesh, and/or various other suitable applications. In general, sidelink signals may refer to signals transmitted from one subordinate entity (e.g., UE1) to another subordinate entity (e.g., UE2) without the need to relay the communication through a scheduling entity (e.g., UE or BS), even though the scheduling entity may be used for scheduling and/or control purposes. In some examples, the sidelink signals may be transmitted using licensed spectrum (as opposed to wireless local area networks that typically use unlicensed spectrum).
Exemplary Carrier aggregation and Multi-connectivity
In some systems, such as NR, Carrier Aggregation (CA) is supported. In some examples, the UE may use spectrum allocated for up to 20MHz bandwidth for up to a total of 100MHz (5 CCs) for transmission in each direction. Two types of carrier aggregation include continuous CA and discontinuous CA. In continuous CA, multiple available CCs are adjacent to each other as shown in fig. 7. In discontinuous CA, multiple available CCs are separated along the frequency band, as shown in fig. 8. Both discontinuous CA and continuous CA aggregate multiple CCs to serve a single UE.
In some cases, a UE operating in a multi-carrier system (e.g., a CA-enabled system) may be configured to aggregate certain functions of multiple carriers, such as control and feedback functions, on a single carrier, which may be referred to as a Primary Component Carrier (PCC). The remaining associated carriers depending on PCC support are referred to as Secondary Component Carriers (SCCs).
In some systems, such as NR, multiple connections, such as Dual Connections (DC), are supported. In the DC mode, the UE may connect to two BSs (or more BSs for a multi-connection scenario). The BSs may operate on different CCs and/or in different RATs (e.g., one BS operates in LTE and one BS operates in NR). The BSs may be referred to as primary cells and secondary cells.
Exemplary uplink preemption in CA and/or Multi-connection modes
Aspects of the present disclosure provide apparatuses, methods, processing systems, and computer-readable media for NR (new radio access technology or 5G NR technology). NR may support various wireless communication services, such as enhanced mobile broadband (eMBB) targeting wide bandwidths (e.g., 80MHz or over 80MHz), millimeter wave (mmW) targeting high carrier frequencies (e.g., 25GHz or over 25GHz), massive MTC (MTC) targeting non-backward compatible Machine Type Communication (MTC) technologies, and/or mission critical targeting ultra-reliable low latency communication (URLLC). These services may include latency and reliability requirements. These services may also have different Transmission Time Intervals (TTIs) to meet corresponding quality of service (QoS) requirements. In addition, these services may coexist in the same subframe.
Different services may have different scheduling timelines. In that case, the resources allocated for a service may be used for (e.g., preempted by) a different service. In some examples, URLLC transmissions may preempt eMBB allocation due to high latency requirements (e.g., 1ms) for URLLC services. Fig. 9 illustrates preemption for overlapping transmissions. As shown in fig. 9, a first User Equipment (UE) may be scheduled for eMBB uplink transmission, for example, by Downlink Control Information (DCI) in a Physical Downlink Control Channel (PDCCH). As shown in fig. 9, a second UE may be scheduled for a ullrllc PUSCH transmission overlapping an eMBB PUSCH transmission scheduled for another UE, e.g., in a later micro-slot scheduling occasion. URLLC PUSCH transmission may preempt eMBB PUSCH transmission at least in overlapping symbols. In other words, the eMBB PUSCH transmission by the first UE is suspended at least during the duration of the URLLC transmission by the second UE.
In some examples, when preemption occurs during overlapping resources, the UE that discontinued its transmission (i.e., the first UE in the above example) may resume transmission on the subsequent resources, or the UE may also relinquish transmission on some or all of the subsequent resources. In some examples, the determination of whether to transmit or drop on other resources may be based on whether the UE may maintain phase continuity. For example, in the case of a single Component Carrier (CC), when the UE is able to maintain phase continuity when uplink transmission on the CC is preempted (e.g., dropped) in one or more symbols, the UE may resume uplink transmission in the following symbols. When the UE is unable to maintain phase continuity, in some cases, the UE transmits in all remaining symbols of the uplink transmission, or the UE transmits in a portion of the symbols, or the UE discards the uplink transmission in all remaining symbols.
As mentioned above, certain systems (e.g., wireless communication network 100) support Carrier Aggregation (CA) and/or multi-connectivity (e.g., Dual Connectivity (DC) mode), where multiple CCs may be aggregated to serve a device (e.g., a UE) for uplink. In this case, preempting transmission on one CC may affect whether the UE is able to transmit on the other CC in the preempted and subsequent symbols.
Aspects of the present disclosure provide techniques and apparatus for uplink preemption handling for certain systems that support CA and/or DC modes, such as NR. The techniques described herein may provide for processing of transmissions on other carriers, cells, and/or in other symbols when preemption occurs in another carrier, cell, or symbol.
Fig. 10 illustrates
At 1010, the UE receives an indication to preempt uplink transmissions on a portion of the assigned resources. For example, the indication may indicate that transmissions on one or more CCs (e.g., at least one CC) are to be preempted in one or more symbols (e.g., within one or more slots).
At 1015, the UE determines whether to transmit on the remaining assigned resources. For example, the UE determines whether to send on other CCs and/or in subsequent symbols and/or time slots in addition to the preempted transmission or to drop the scheduled uplink transmission.
The determination at 1015 as to whether to send or drop uplink transmissions on the remaining assigned resources may be based on whether phase continuity will be maintained between CCs after preemption. For example, at 1016, the UE may determine whether phase continuity is to be maintained when the UE transmits on other assigned resources after preemption. In some examples, whether phase continuity is to be maintained may be based on UE capabilities. In some examples, whether phase continuity is to be maintained may be based on whether other CCs are inter-band, continuous and/or discontinuous with the preempted CC.
Power variations may cause phase discontinuities. In some examples, a UE uses a single Radio Frequency (RF) chain for in-band contiguous CCs. Thus, when another CC (e.g., CC1) is in-band and contiguous with the preempted CC (e.g., CC0), a power change (e.g., if the uplink transmission is dropped on CC0 but sent on CC1) may cause a phase discontinuity. On the other hand, for inter-band CCs and/or discontinuous CCs, the UE may use multiple RF chains. Thus, when another CC is inter-band and/or another CC (e.g., CC2) is contiguous with the preempted CC (e.g., CC0), then no power change may result and phase continuity may be preserved. Thus, the determination at 1015 may include: when at least one CC (i.e., the preempted CC) and the other CC are in-band and frequency continuous (i.e., phase continuity will not be preserved), it is determined to drop uplink transmission in at least one symbol (i.e., the preempted symbol) on the other CC. Alternatively, the determination at 1015 may include: when the other CC is frequency discontinuous and/or interband (i.e., if phase continuity is to be preserved), it is determined to send an uplink transmission in at least one symbol on the other CC.
According to certain aspects, at 1017, the UE may provide an indication to the BS regarding the UE's ability to transmit on one or more other CCs when at least one CC is preempted. For example, the UE may report its capabilities for each frequency band and/or each frequency band combination. If supported, the UE may send uplink on another CC even when the CC is preempted. If transmission is not supported, another CC will also be preempted (e.g., drop uplink transmissions on that CC). In some examples, the decision may apply to all CCs or only some CCs. In some examples, the decision may apply only to the preempted symbol, to all or a portion of the remaining symbols in the slot, and/or to all or a portion of the subsequent slot.
In some examples, when the UE is able to preserve phase continuity on all CCs after preemption, then transmission may resume on all CCs after preemption. Thus, the determination at block 10015 may comprise: determining to send uplink transmissions on the at least one CC and other CCs in subsequent symbols if phase continuity is to be maintained on all CCs after preemption.
In some examples, if the UE is only able to preserve phase continuity on some CCs after preemption, then transmissions on these CCs (e.g., the preempted CCs) in the remaining symbols may all be dropped or sent. Thus, the determination at
In some examples, if some symbols are preempted on a CC, uplink transmissions on that CC in the remaining symbols may always be dropped, and uplink transmissions on any other CCs for which the UE may not retain phase continuity (e.g., as provided in the indication to the BS) in the remaining symbols are also dropped.
In some examples, if some (e.g., any) symbols are preempted on a CC, uplink transmission on that CC in the remaining symbols may always be resumed, and uplink transmission on any other CC for which the UE may retain phase continuity (e.g., as provided in the indication to the BS) in the remaining symbols may also be resumed.
According to certain aspects, the UE may resume transmission (e.g., on the preempted CC) on the remaining symbols (e.g., after the preempted symbols) based on the type of content of the other symbols (i.e., the content of the uplink transmissions scheduled in the other symbols). For example, the determination at
At 1020, the UE may preempt transmissions on this portion of the assigned resources. Preemptive transmission includes relinquishing uplink transmissions in this portion of the assigned resources.
At 1025, the UE may send or drop uplink transmissions on the remaining assigned resources based on the determination.
Fig. 11 illustrates
Fig. 12 illustrates a communication device 1200, which may include various components (e.g., corresponding to elements plus functional components) configured to perform operations for the techniques disclosed herein, such as the operations shown in fig. 10. The communication device 1200 includes a processing system 1002 coupled to a transceiver 1208. The transceiver 1208 is configured to transmit and receive signals for the communication device 1200, such as the various signals described herein, via the antenna 1210. The processing system 1202 may be configured to perform processing functions for the communication device 1200, including processing signals received and/or to be transmitted by the communication device 1200.
The processing system 1202 includes a processor 1204 coupled to a computer-readable medium/memory 1212 via a bus 1206. In certain aspects, the computer-readable medium/memory 1212 is configured to store instructions (e.g., computer-executable code) that, when executed by the processor 1204, cause the processor 1204 to perform the operations shown in fig. 10 or other operations for performing the various techniques for uplink preemption in CA or multi-connection mode discussed herein. In certain aspects, the computer-readable medium/memory 1212 stores: code 1214 for receiving a resource assignment scheduling the UE for uplink transmission; code 1216 for receiving an indication to preempt uplink transmissions on a portion of the assigned resources; and code 1218 for determining whether to transmit on the remaining assigned resources. In certain aspects, the processor 1204 has circuitry configured to implement code stored in the computer-readable medium/memory 1212. The processor 1204 includes: circuitry 1220 for receiving a resource assignment scheduling a UE for uplink transmission; circuitry 1222 to receive an indication to preempt uplink transmissions on a portion of the assigned resources; and circuitry 1224 for determining whether to transmit on the remaining assigned resources.
Fig. 13 illustrates a communication device 1300, which may include various components (e.g., corresponding to elements plus functional components) configured to perform operations for the techniques disclosed herein, such as the operations shown in fig. 11. The communication device 1300 includes a processing system 1302 coupled to a transceiver 1308. The transceiver 1308 is configured to transmit and receive signals for the communication device 1300, such as the various signals described herein, via the antenna 1310. The processing system 1302 may be configured to perform processing functions for the communication device 1300, including processing signals received and/or to be transmitted by the communication device 1300.
The processing system 1302 includes a processor 1304 coupled to a computer-readable medium/memory 1312 via a bus 1306. In certain aspects, the computer-readable medium/memory 1312 is configured to store instructions (e.g., computer-executable code) that, when executed by the processor 1304, cause the processor 1304 to perform the operations shown in fig. 11 or other operations for performing the various techniques for uplink preemption in CA or multi-connection mode discussed herein. In certain aspects, the computer-readable medium/memory 1212 stores: code 1314 for receiving an indication from one or more UEs indicating: for each of a plurality of band combinations, the ability of the UE to transmit on one band when transmissions on another band of the band combination are preempted; and code 1316 for scheduling one or more UEs for uplink transmission based on the indication. In certain aspects, the processor 1304 has circuitry configured to implement code stored in the computer-readable medium/memory 1312. The processor 1304 includes: circuitry 1318 for receiving an indication from one or more UEs indicating: for each of a plurality of band combinations, the ability of the UE to transmit on one band when transmissions on another band of the band combination are preempted; and circuitry 1320 for scheduling one or more UEs for uplink transmission based on the indication.
The methods disclosed herein comprise one or more steps or actions for achieving these methods. The method steps and/or actions may be interchanged with one another without departing from the scope of the claims. In other words, unless a specific order of steps or actions is specified, the order and/or use of specific steps and/or actions may be modified without departing from the scope of the claims.
As used herein, a phrase referring to "at least one of" a list of items refers to any combination of those items, including a single member. For example, "at least one of a, b, or c" is intended to encompass a, b, c, a-b, a-c, b-c, and a-b-c, as well as any combination of the same elements in multiple (e.g., a-a-a, a-a-b, a-a-c, a-b-b, a-c-c, b-b-b, b-b-c, c-c, and c-c-c, or any other ordering of a, b, and c).
As used herein, the term "determining" includes a wide variety of actions. For example, "determining" can include calculating, computing, processing, deriving, investigating, looking up (e.g., looking up in a table, a database or another data structure), ascertaining and the like. Further, "determining" can include receiving (e.g., receiving information), accessing (e.g., accessing data in a memory), and so forth. Further, "determining" may include resolving, selecting, establishing, and the like.
The previous description is provided to enable any person skilled in the art to practice the various aspects described herein. Various modifications to these aspects will be readily apparent to those skilled in the art, and the generic principles defined herein may be applied to other aspects. Thus, the claims are not intended to be limited to the aspects shown herein, but is to be accorded the full scope consistent with the language claims, wherein reference to an element in the singular is not intended to mean "one and only one" unless specifically so stated, but rather "one or more. The term "some" refers to one or more, unless expressly stated otherwise. All structural and functional equivalents to the elements of the various aspects described throughout this disclosure that are known or later come to be known to those of ordinary skill in the art are expressly incorporated herein by reference and are intended to be encompassed by the claims. Moreover, nothing disclosed herein is intended to be dedicated to the public regardless of whether such disclosure is explicitly recited in the claims. Any claim element is not to be construed in accordance with the 35u.s.c. § 112(f) unless the element is explicitly recited using the phrase "unit for … …", or in the case of a method claim, the element is recited using the phrase "step for … …".
The various operations of the methods described above may be performed by any suitable means that can perform the corresponding functions. These units may include various hardware and/or software components and/or modules, including but not limited to: a circuit, an Application Specific Integrated Circuit (ASIC), or a processor. Generally, where there are operations shown in the figures, those operations may have corresponding counterpart units plus functional components with similar numbering.
The various illustrative logical blocks, modules, and circuits described in connection with the disclosure may be implemented or performed with a general purpose processor, a Digital Signal Processor (DSP), an Application Specific Integrated Circuit (ASIC), a Field Programmable Gate Array (FPGA) or other Programmable Logic Device (PLD), discrete gate or transistor logic, discrete hardware components, or any combination thereof designed to perform the functions described herein. A general purpose processor may be a microprocessor, but in the alternative, the processor may be any commercially available processor, controller, microcontroller or state machine. A processor may also be implemented as a combination of computing devices, e.g., a combination of a DSP and a microprocessor, a plurality of microprocessors, one or more microprocessors in conjunction with a DSP core, or any other such configuration.
If implemented in hardware, an example hardware configuration may include a processing system in the wireless node. The processing system may be implemented using a bus architecture. The bus may include any number of interconnecting buses and bridges depending on the specific application of the processing system and the overall design constraints. A bus may connect together various circuits including the processor, the machine-readable medium, and the bus interface. The bus interface may also be used, among other things, to connect a network adapter to the processing system via the bus. The network adapter may be used to implement signal processing functions of the PHY layer. In the case of a user terminal 120 (see fig. 1), a user interface (e.g., keypad, display, mouse, joystick, etc.) may also be connected to the bus. The bus may also connect various other circuits such as timing sources, peripherals, voltage regulators, power management circuits, and the like, which are well known in the art, and therefore, will not be described any further. The processor may be implemented using one or more general and/or special purpose processors. Examples include microprocessors, microcontrollers, DSP processors, and other circuits that can execute software. Those skilled in the art will recognize how best to implement the described functionality for a processing system depending on the particular application and the overall design constraints imposed on the overall system.
If implemented in software, the functions may be stored on or transmitted over as one or more instructions or code on a computer-readable medium. Software shall be construed broadly to mean instructions, data, or any combination thereof, whether referred to as software, firmware, middleware, microcode, hardware description language, or otherwise. Computer-readable media includes both computer storage media and communication media including any medium that facilitates transfer of a computer program from one place to another. The processor may be responsible for managing the bus and general processing, including the execution of software modules stored on the machine-readable storage medium. A computer readable storage medium may be coupled to the processor such that the processor can read information from, and write information to, the storage medium. In the alternative, the storage medium may be integral to the processor. By way of example, the machine-readable medium may include a transmission line, a carrier wave modulated by data, and/or a computer-readable storage medium separate from the wireless node having instructions stored thereon, all of which may be accessed by the processor through a bus interface. Alternatively or in addition, the machine-readable medium or any portion thereof may be integrated into a processor, for example, as may be the case with a cache and/or a general register file. Examples of a machine-readable storage medium may include, by way of example, RAM (random access memory), flash memory, ROM (read only memory), PROM (programmable read only memory), EPROM (erasable programmable read only memory), EEPROM (electrically erasable programmable read only memory), registers, a magnetic disk, an optical disk, a hard drive, or any other suitable storage medium, or any combination thereof. The machine-readable medium may be embodied in a computer program product.
A software module may comprise a single instruction, or many instructions, and may be distributed over several different code segments, among different programs, and across multiple storage media. The computer readable medium may include a plurality of software modules. The software modules include instructions that, when executed by an apparatus, such as a processor, cause a processing system to perform various functions. The software modules may include a sending module and a receiving module. Each software module may reside in a single memory device or be distributed across multiple memory devices. For example, when a triggering event occurs, a software module may be loaded from a hard drive into RAM. During execution of the software module, the processor may load some of the instructions into the cache to increase access speed. One or more cache lines may then be loaded into a general register file for execution by the processor. It will be understood that when reference is made below to the functionality of a software module, such functionality is achieved by the processor upon execution of instructions from the software module.
Also, any connection is properly termed a computer-readable medium. For example, if the software is transmitted from a website, server, or other remote source using a coaxial cable, fiber optic cable, twisted pair, Digital Subscriber Line (DSL), or wireless technologies such as Infrared (IR), radio, and microwave, then the coaxial cable, fiber optic cable, twisted pair, DSL, or wireless technologies such as infrared, radio, and microwave are included in the definition of medium. Disk and disc, as used herein, includes Compact Disc (CD), laser disc, optical disc, Digital Versatile Disc (DVD), floppy disk andoptical disks, where disks usually reproduce data magnetically, while optical disks reproduce data optically with lasers. Thus, in some aspects, computer-readable media may comprise non-transitory computer-readable media (e.g., tangible media). Further, for other aspects, the computer readable medium may comprise a transitory computer readable medium (e.g., a signal). Combinations of the above should also be included within the scope of computer-readable media.
Accordingly, certain aspects may comprise a computer program product for performing the operations presented herein. For example, such a computer program product may include a computer-readable medium having instructions stored (and/or encoded) thereon, the instructions being executable by one or more processors to perform the operations described herein. For example, instructions to perform the operations described herein and illustrated in fig. 10 and/or fig. 11.
Further, it should be appreciated that modules and/or other suitable means for performing the methods and techniques described herein can be downloaded and/or otherwise obtained by a user terminal and/or base station (if applicable). For example, such a device may be coupled to a server to facilitate communicating means for performing the methods described herein. Alternatively, various methods described herein can be provided via a storage unit (e.g., RAM, ROM, a physical storage medium such as a Compact Disc (CD) or floppy disk, etc.), such that a user terminal and/or base station can obtain the various methods upon coupling or providing the storage unit to the device. Further, any other suitable technique for providing the methods and techniques described herein to a device may be used.
It is to be understood that the claims are not limited to the precise configuration and components illustrated above. Various modifications, changes and variations may be made in the arrangement, operation and details of the methods and apparatus described above without departing from the scope of the claims.