Cable stranding process and stranding device thereof
阅读说明：本技术 线缆绞丝工艺及其绞丝装置 (Cable stranding process and stranding device thereof ) 是由 赵阳 孙建营 谢夏青 赵帅奇 冯茹霞 于 2020-07-08 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明涉及线缆加工技术领域,具体涉及线缆绞丝工艺及其绞丝装置,绞丝装置包括驱动总成和绞丝总成,依据所述线缆的运动方向,驱动总成位于所述线缆的运动首端；驱动总成包括支撑板、主驱动电机、主轴,主驱动电机固定安装在支撑板前端,主驱动电机连接主轴前端,主轴末端与绞丝总成连接；绞丝总成包括前绞盘、退扭单元、后绞盘和绞合器,所述前绞盘中部开有贯穿的第一连接孔,后绞盘中部开有贯穿的第二连接孔,主轴、前绞盘和后绞盘同步传动连接,退扭单元设于所述前绞盘与后绞盘之间。本发明用于解决现有技术的不适用于缠绕线材较多的线缆束的制造以及绞合过程中如果单线张力发生改变,将会影响绞合后的线缆的质量的问题。(The invention relates to the technical field of cable processing, in particular to a cable stranding process and a stranding device thereof, wherein the stranding device comprises a driving assembly and a stranding assembly, and the driving assembly is positioned at the moving head end of a cable according to the moving direction of the cable; the driving assembly comprises a supporting plate, a main driving motor and a main shaft, the main driving motor is fixedly arranged at the front end of the supporting plate, the main driving motor is connected with the front end of the main shaft, and the tail end of the main shaft is connected with the stranded wire assembly; the skein assembly comprises a front winch, a back twist unit, a back winch and a twister, wherein a first connecting hole which penetrates through is formed in the middle of the front winch, a second connecting hole which penetrates through is formed in the middle of the back winch, the main shaft, the front winch and the back winch are connected in a synchronous transmission mode, and the back twist unit is arranged between the front winch and the back winch. The twisting device is used for solving the problems that the prior art is not suitable for manufacturing cable bundles with more wound wires and the quality of twisted cables is influenced if the tension of single wires is changed in the twisting process.)
1. The cable stranding process is characterized in that: the method comprises the following steps:
preparing a material, wherein the cable comprises a conductive wire core and a coating layer, the conductive wire core is formed by twisting a plurality of wire cores, the coating layer is required to cover the twisted conductive wire core, the conductive wire core is made of metal copper, the selected metal copper is melted at high temperature, an antioxidant and nano metal tungsten are required to be added in the melting process, an obtained melt is extruded by an extruder to obtain a copper rod, the copper content of the obtained copper rod is 98.0-98.9 wt.%, the coating layer comprises an insulating layer and a filling layer, the conductive wire core is arranged in the filling layer, the insulating layer is coated on the periphery of the filling layer, and the insulating layer is made of a silicon rubber-high-temperature resistant silicate nanoparticle composite material;
drawing wires, namely passing the obtained copper rod through a wire drawing machine to obtain a single copper wire with the diameter of 0.1-0.5mm, setting reasonable motion parameters of the wire drawing machine, and manufacturing the single copper wire with small error and uniform wire drawing;
step three, stranding, namely stranding the obtained multiple copper wires into one through a stranding device, machining the copper wires before stranding, polishing and deburring the surfaces of the stranded wires, setting a reasonable beam distance on the stranding device, enabling the head ends of the multiple copper wires to penetrate through a stranding assembly and a stranding device on the stranding device, welding the head ends of the multiple copper wires together after penetrating through the stranding device, and starting the stranding device to feed the stranded wires;
and step four, coating, namely extruding the prepared silicon rubber-high temperature resistant silicate nanoparticle composite material by using a single-screw extruder or a double-screw extruder, wherein the thickness of the obtained insulating layer is 0.4-0.6mm, filling a filling layer between the wire core of the conducting wire and the insulating layer by using graphite or other materials, and winding the coated cable by using a winding device.
2. A stranding device for use in a cable stranding process according to claim 1, characterised in that: the cable comprises a driving assembly and a wire twisting assembly, wherein the driving assembly is positioned at the moving head end of the cable according to the moving direction of the cable; the driving assembly comprises a supporting plate, a main driving motor and a main shaft, the main driving motor is fixedly arranged at the front end of the supporting plate, the main driving motor is connected with the front end of the main shaft, and the tail end of the main shaft is connected with the wire twisting assembly;
the skein assembly comprises a front winch, a back twist unit, a back winch and a twister, wherein a first connecting hole is formed in the middle of the front winch in a penetrating mode, a second connecting hole is formed in the middle of the back winch in a penetrating mode, the tail end of a main shaft penetrates through the first connecting hole and the second connecting hole in sequence to connect the front winch and the back winch in series, the main shaft, the front winch and the back winch are connected in a synchronous transmission mode, the back twist unit is arranged between the front winch and the back winch, a cable to be twisted is installed on the back twist unit, the twister is installed on one side, deviating from the front winch, of the back winch, the twister is provided with a twisting hole, a one-way wire fixing device is arranged on the twisting hole, and the twisting hole and the central line of the main shaft are on the same.
3. A wire twisting device according to claim 2, wherein: the utility model discloses a cable take-up device, including preceding capstan winch, back capstan winch, first transmission shaft, back winch, first connecting hole, second connecting hole, back winch, first connecting hole, back winch and second connecting hole, all open the third connecting hole that has a plurality of sizes the same on preceding capstan winch and the back winch, and be a plurality of the even annular distribution of third connecting hole interval on preceding capstan winch and the back winch, each the back unit of turning round is all installed to the third connecting hole, back unit one end of turning round is connected through first transmission shaft rotation with the third connecting hole on the preceding capstan winch, the other end of turning round the unit and the third connecting hole on the back winch are connected through second transmission shaft rotation, the velocity of motion, the direction of first axis of rotation and second axis of rotation are all the.
4. A wire twisting device according to claim 3, wherein: the back-twist unit comprises a cradle and a cable disc, the cradle is formed by splicing plates in four directions, namely an upper direction, a lower direction, a left direction and a right direction, the left end of the cradle is rotatably connected with the front winch through a first transmission shaft, the right end of the cradle is rotatably connected with the front winch through a second transmission shaft, the cable disc is installed on the cradle, two ends of the cable disc are respectively movably connected with the upper end and the lower end of the cradle, and first baffles are arranged at two ends of the cable disc.
5. A wire twisting device according to claim 4, wherein: the rear winch deviates from one side of the back-twist unit, a plurality of tension adjusting mechanisms are arranged on the side, away from the back-twist unit, of the back-twist unit, the tension adjusting mechanisms are the same as the back-twist unit in quantity, each tension adjusting mechanism comprises an adjusting disc and a distance adjusting structure, the adjusting disc is arranged at the tail end of the threading hole, the adjusting disc is installed on the rear winch through a positioning plate, the distance adjusting structure comprises a nut and an adjusting screw, one end of the adjusting screw is fixedly connected with the adjusting disc, the other end of the adjusting screw is in threaded connection with the nut, the positioning plate is connected with the adjusting screw, and a cable to be twisted of the threading hole penetrates through the twisting hole after being wound by the back circle of the adjusting disc.
6. A wire twisting device according to claim 5, wherein: and second baffles are arranged on two sides of the adjusting disc and are parallel to the threaded holes of the nuts.
7. A wire twisting device according to claim 6, wherein: the ship frame is characterized in that a moving mechanism is further arranged on the ship frame and connected with the cable disc, the moving mechanism comprises two groups and comprises a first moving mechanism and a second moving mechanism, the first moving mechanism and the second moving mechanism are respectively arranged at the outer ends of the first baffle plates on two sides of the cable disc, the first moving mechanism comprises an ejector rod and an ejector driving structure, the ejector driving mechanism is movably connected with one end of the ejector rod, and the other end of the ejector rod is connected with the first baffle plate.
8. A wire twisting device according to claim 7, wherein: the first moving mechanism and the second moving mechanism both further comprise limiting plates, the limiting plates are arranged at the joints of the ejection rods and the ejection driving mechanisms, elastic plates are further arranged at the joints of the second moving mechanism and the first baffle, and the rotating shaft of the cable tray penetrates through the first moving mechanism and the second moving mechanism and is movably connected with the first moving mechanism and the second moving mechanism.
9. A wire twisting device according to claim 8, wherein: the stranding device comprises a stranding disc, a base and a bunching cylinder, the stranding disc is installed on the supporting plate through the base, the bunching cylinder is detachably installed on one side, deviating from the rear winch, of the stranding disc, the bunching cylinder is provided with a through conical hole, and the axis of the conical hole is on the same straight line with the central line of the main shaft.
10. A wire twisting device according to claim 9, wherein: install the slide rail in the backup pad, the slide rail is located transposition ware below, the base below with slide rail sliding connection, the transposition ware is connected with actuating mechanism, actuating mechanism includes telescopic link and second driving motor, second driving motor fixes in the backup pad, second driving motor is connected with the one end of telescopic link, the other end and the base of transposition ware of telescopic link are connected.
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of cables, in particular to a cable stranding process and a stranding device thereof.
Background
With the progress of the wire and cable processing technology, the conductor of the power cable begins to develop to a molded line stranded structure, and the molded line stranded conductor has the characteristics of small outer diameter layer, smooth surface and the like. And the molded line stranded conductor applied to the power cable also has the advantages of reducing the cable breakdown rate, reducing the outer diameter of the conductor under the same section, reducing the use amount of insulating materials and sheathing materials and improving the compression coefficient (0.98) of the conductor.
Compared with a round compacted conductor, the molded line copper stranded conductor has the advantages that the plastic variation of copper is small and the distribution of the molecular structure in the copper material is reduced under the condition of the same resistance, so that the electrical resistivity of the stranded copper conductor is smaller than that of a round monofilament, and the copper material is saved.
A wire bundling machine, also called a wire stranding machine, is a device for producing a thick cable bundle formed by winding a plurality of strands of wire processing semi-finished products, and a take-up device for taking up a cable bundle formed by winding wires fed out from the wire bundling machine is generally arranged on a cable production line on which the wire bundling machine is arranged.
A chinese patent publication No. CN109787162A discloses a wire harness device for an electronic communication cable, which comprises a support platform, a return spring, a wire harness block and a wire harness opening, wherein the support platform is welded on the lower side of the right end face of an installation plate, a screw rod is welded on the right side face of the support platform, the return spring is sleeved on the outer annular side face of the screw rod, and the left end of the return spring is welded with the right end face of the support table, the clamping plate is sleeved on the right part of the screw, an arc-shaped clamping groove is formed in the left side face of the clamping plate, a first return spring is welded on the inner surface of the arc-shaped clamping groove, a first return spring left end is welded with the pressing plate, a bunch block is installed in the middle of the right side face, a bunch port is formed in the middle of the bunch block, a groove is formed in the right part of the inner annular side face of the bunch port, a second return spring is welded on the right side face in the groove, a support is welded at the left end of the second return spring: the direction and the clamping function when having realized the communication cable installation, the centre gripping stability is good.
At present, chinese utility model patent that publication number is CN203311928U discloses a bundling machine, including the frame, be equipped with the stranded conductor chamber in the frame, be equipped with the stranded conductor cylinder in the stranded conductor intracavity, the outer circumference of stranded conductor cylinder on be equipped with a plurality of can be with replacing the continuous winding stranded conductor head of machined part, the stranded conductor cylinder be connected with the frame through the roller bearing of wearing to establish at both ends, be equipped with in the frame and drive the rolling actuating mechanism of roller bearing. The driving mechanism comprises a synchronous motor, and the synchronous motor is connected with one of the rollers through a synchronous belt wheel.
The technical scheme has simple structure and low cost, but has the following defects:
(1) the synchronous motor of the bunching machine only drives one end of the stranded wire roller to rotate, and cannot drive the stranded wire roller to synchronously rotate everywhere, if the stranded wire roller grows due to the fact that a plurality of lines need to be wound, stress is easily concentrated at the connecting position of the stranded wire roller and the rolling shaft, so that the stranded wire roller deforms after long-term use, the service life of the bunching machine is influenced, and the scheme is not suitable for manufacturing cable bunches with more wound wires;
(2) when the single wires are twisted, if the tension of the single wires is changed, the quality of the twisted cable is affected, and the production quality of the wire bundling machine is reduced.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the problems in the prior art, the invention provides a wire twisting device.
The basic scheme of the invention is as follows: a wire twisting device comprises a driving assembly and a wire twisting assembly, wherein the driving assembly is positioned at the moving head end of a cable according to the moving direction of the cable;
the driving assembly comprises a supporting plate, a main driving motor and a main shaft, the main driving motor is fixedly arranged at the front end of the supporting plate, the main driving motor is connected with the front end of the main shaft, and the tail end of the main shaft is connected with the wire twisting assembly;
the skein assembly comprises a front winch, a back twist unit, a back winch and a twister, wherein a first connecting hole is formed in the middle of the front winch in a penetrating mode, a second connecting hole is formed in the middle of the back winch in a penetrating mode, the tail end of a main shaft penetrates through the first connecting hole and the second connecting hole in sequence to connect the front winch and the back winch in series, the main shaft, the front winch and the back winch are connected in a synchronous transmission mode, the back twist unit is arranged between the front winch and the back winch, a cable to be twisted is installed on the back twist unit, the twister is installed on one side, deviating from the front winch, of the back winch, the twister is provided with a twisting hole, a one-way wire fixing device is arranged on the twisting hole, and the twisting hole and the central line of the main shaft are on the same.
Preferably, a plurality of third connecting holes with the same size are formed in the front winch and the rear winch, the third connecting holes in the front winch and the rear winch are distributed annularly at uniform intervals, each third connecting hole is provided with a back-twisting unit, one end of each back-twisting unit is rotatably connected with the third connecting hole in the front winch through a first transmission shaft, the other end of each back-twisting unit is rotatably connected with the third connecting hole in the rear winch through a second transmission shaft, the first rotation shaft and the second rotation shaft are identical in movement speed and direction, a penetrating through hole is formed in the second transmission shaft, and a cable to be installed on the back-twisting unit penetrates through the threading hole and then penetrates through the twisting hole.
The main driving motor drives the rear front winch and the rear winch to synchronously rotate through the main shaft, a plurality of back-twisting units are arranged between the front winch and the rear winch, the number of the back-twisting units is the maximum number of the wire stranding device at each time, a plurality of wires to be stranded sequentially pass through the back-twisting units and the threading holes of the rear winch and then pass through the twisting holes of the twister, the head ends of the plurality of wires are welded together after passing through the wire twister, the wire stranding device is started, the front winch and the rear winch synchronously rotate, but the twister does not rotate, so that the cable section between the front winch and the rear winch and the cable section passing through the unidirectional wire fixer on the twister generate relative motion, the plurality of wires start to be stranded to form a stranded wire, and the unidirectional wire fixer not only fixes the head end of the cable, but also prevents the rear end of the cable from sliding towards the.
Preferably, the back-twist unit comprises a cradle and a cable tray, the cradle is formed by splicing plates in four directions, namely an upper direction, a lower direction, a left direction and a right direction, the left end of the cradle is rotatably connected with the front winch through a first transmission shaft, the right end of the cradle is rotatably connected with the front winch through a second transmission shaft, the cable tray is installed on the cradle, two ends of the cable tray are respectively movably connected with the upper end and the lower end of the cradle, and first baffles are arranged at two ends of the cable tray.
The cable to be stranded is firstly arranged on the cradle, the cradle is movably connected with the front winch and the rear winch, the cradle can be set to rotate reversely (or rotate in the same direction) relative to the front winch and the rear winch so as to improve the tension of the cable, the influence on the quality of the stranded cable is reduced, the stress of the cable reel is reduced, and the service life is prolonged.
Preferably, the back capstan winch deviates from be equipped with a plurality of tension adjustment mechanism on the one side of back-twist unit, open upright adjustment mechanism with the quantity of back-twist unit is the same, every tension adjustment mechanism all includes adjustment disc and distance adjustment structure, the adjustment disc is located the end of through wires hole, just the adjustment disc passes through the locating plate and installs on the back capstan winch, the distance adjustment structure includes nut, adjusting screw one end and adjustment disc fixed connection, the adjusting screw other end with nut threaded connection, just the locating plate with adjusting screw connects, passes the cable of treating the transposition of through wires hole passes after round behind the adjustment disc the transposition hole.
The cable passes through the twisting hole after bypassing the adjusting disc for a circle, the tension of the cable is adjusted, the tension can be adjusted by adjusting the position of the adjusting disc at the bottom of the threading hole, and the position of the adjusting disc is adjusted by adjusting the threaded fit of the adjusting screw rod and the nut, so that the tension is adjusted.
Preferably, two sides of the adjusting disc are further provided with second baffles, and the second baffles are parallel to the threaded holes of the nuts.
Set up the second baffle and prevent that the cable from the adjustment disk landing and influence final preparation precision.
Preferably, the cradle is further provided with a moving mechanism, the moving mechanism is connected with the cable tray, the moving mechanism comprises two groups and comprises a first moving mechanism and a second moving mechanism, the first moving mechanism and the second moving mechanism are respectively arranged at the outer ends of the first baffle plates on two sides of the cable tray, the first moving mechanism comprises an ejector rod and an ejector driving structure, the ejector driving mechanism is movably connected with one end of the ejector rod, and the other end of the ejector rod is connected with the first baffle plate.
Because the cable on the cable dish twines from left to right or from left to right round winding, the in-process of the continuous hank silk of cable, the number of turns of cable on the cable dish is constantly less, and the relative meeting of the cable that passes through the through wires hole changes, can exert an influence to tension, set up first moving mechanism and second moving mechanism and make cable dish reciprocating motion to guarantee that the angle that the cable passed through the through wires hole at every turn is unanimous, and it is different to reduce the tension between per two cables, reduce the influence to the precision of final preparation.
Preferably, first moving mechanism and second moving mechanism all still include the limiting plate, the limiting plate is located the ejector rod with ejecting actuating mechanism junction, the second moving mechanism with the junction of first baffle still is equipped with the elastic plate, the axis of rotation of cable dish runs through first moving mechanism, second moving mechanism and rather than swing joint.
Preferably, the twister includes twisting dish, base, bunch section of thick bamboo, twisting dish pass through the base install in the backup pad, bunch section of thick bamboo detachable install in twisting dish deviates from one side of back capstan winch, bunch section of thick bamboo is opened has the bell mouth that runs through, just the axis of bell mouth with the central line of main shaft is on same straight line.
Preferably, install the slide rail in the backup pad, the slide rail is located the transposition ware below, the base below with slide rail sliding connection, the transposition ware is connected with actuating mechanism, actuating mechanism includes telescopic link and second driving motor, second driving motor fixes in the backup pad, second driving motor is connected with the one end of telescopic link, the other end and the base of transposition ware of telescopic link are connected.
The base passes through slide rail backup pad sliding fit to adjust the position of twister in the backup pad, thereby adjust the straight line distance between twister and the back twist unit, thereby adjust the pitch of final hank silk, with the preparation requirement of satisfying different cables.
The invention also provides a cable stranding process, which comprises the following steps:
preparing a material, wherein the cable comprises a conductive wire core and a coating layer, the conductive wire core is formed by twisting a plurality of wire cores, the coating layer is required to cover the twisted conductive wire core, the conductive wire core is made of metal copper, the selected metal copper is melted at high temperature, an antioxidant and nano metal tungsten are required to be added in the melting process, an obtained melt is extruded by an extruder to obtain a copper rod, the copper content of the obtained copper rod is 98.0-98.9 wt.%, the coating layer comprises an insulating layer and a filling layer, the conductive wire core is arranged in the filling layer, the insulating layer is coated on the periphery of the filling layer, and the insulating layer is made of a silicon rubber-high-temperature resistant silicate nanoparticle composite material;
drawing wires, namely passing the obtained copper rod through a wire drawing machine to obtain a single copper wire with the diameter of 0.1-0.5mm, setting reasonable motion parameters of the wire drawing machine, and manufacturing the single copper wire with small error and uniform wire drawing;
step three, stranding, namely stranding the obtained multiple copper wires into one through a stranding device, machining the copper wires before stranding, polishing and deburring the surfaces of the stranded wires, setting a reasonable beam distance on the stranding device, enabling the head ends of the multiple copper wires to penetrate through a stranding assembly and a stranding device on the stranding device, welding the head ends of the multiple copper wires together after penetrating through the stranding device, and starting the stranding device to feed the stranded wires;
and step four, coating, namely extruding the prepared silicon rubber-high temperature resistant silicate nanoparticle composite material by using a single-screw extruder or a double-screw extruder, wherein the thickness of the obtained insulating layer is 0.4-0.6mm, filling a filling layer between the wire core of the conducting wire and the insulating layer by using graphite or other materials, and winding the coated cable by using a winding device.
The working principle and the advantages of the invention are as follows:
(1) the main driving motor drives the rear front winch and the rear winch to synchronously rotate through the main shaft, the wire twisting device is started, the front winch and the rear winch synchronously rotate, but the twister does not rotate, so that a cable section between the front winch and the rear winch and a cable section passing through the one-way wire fixing device on the twister generate relative motion, a plurality of cables start to be twisted to form twisted wires, and the one-way wire fixing device not only fixes the head end of the cable, but also prevents the rear end of the cable from sliding towards the opposite direction;
(2) the ship frame can be set to rotate reversely (or rotate in the same direction) relative to the front winch and the rear winch so as to improve the tension of the cable, reduce the influence on the quality of the stranded cable, reduce the stress of the cable reel and prolong the service life;
(3) the cable passes through the twisting hole after bypassing the adjusting disc for a circle, the tension of the cable is adjusted, the tension can be adjusted by adjusting the position of the adjusting disc at the bottom of the threading hole, and the position of the adjusting disc is adjusted by adjusting the threaded fit of the adjusting screw rod and the nut, so that the tension is adjusted;
(4) second baffles are arranged on two sides of the adjusting disc and are used for preventing the cable from sliding off the adjusting disc to influence the final manufacturing precision;
(5) the first moving mechanism and the second moving mechanism are arranged to enable the cable tray to move in a reciprocating mode, so that the angle that the cables penetrate through the threading holes each time is consistent, the difference of tension between every two cables is reduced, and the influence on the final manufacturing precision is reduced;
(6) the base passes through slide rail backup pad sliding fit to adjust the position of twister in the backup pad, thereby adjust the straight line distance between twister and the back twist unit, thereby adjust the pitch of final hank silk, with the preparation requirement of satisfying different cables.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic view of an assembly general structure of a wire twisting device according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic perspective view of a skein assembly according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a front view of a skein assembly according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view of section A-A of FIG. 3;
FIG. 5 is a right side view of a skein assembly according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a schematic perspective view of a torque release unit according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 7 is a cross-sectional view of a untwisting unit in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention;
reference numerals referred to in the drawings are: the cable pulling device comprises a driving assembly 1, a supporting plate 101, a main driving motor 102, a stop plate 103, a main shaft 104, a wire twisting assembly 2, a
Detailed Description
The following is further detailed by the specific embodiments:
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