阅读说明：本技术 一种土壤改良与肥力激活方法 (Soil improvement and fertility activation method ) 是由 蒲逵 杨健 何吉 于 2020-06-24 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明公开了一种土壤改良与肥力激活方法,属于农业领域。利用专门配置的土壤改良剂和肥力激活剂,增加土壤中各种有机质和微量元素的含量；其中,土壤改良剂可促进土壤团粒结构的形成,提高土壤通透性、保水性、保肥力,同时利于微生物的繁殖和增加,使土壤吸收养分和储存养分的能力增强；肥力激活剂,可以有效调节土壤酸碱度,促使土壤改良剂发挥最大的效用,同时可以促进作物光合作用,减少肥害药害。在施加方式上,第一年在第一土壤改良沟渠中施加土肥混合物,第二年在第二土壤改良沟渠中施加土肥混合物,依次的,第三年在第一土壤改良沟渠中施加土肥混合物。循序渐进的改善土壤肥力,且保持有机质含量处在合理水平。(The invention discloses a soil improvement and fertility activation method, and belongs to the field of agriculture. The content of various organic matters and trace elements in the soil is increased by utilizing a specially prepared soil conditioner and a fertility activator; the soil conditioner can promote the formation of a soil granular structure, improve the permeability, the water retention property and the fertility of soil, is beneficial to the propagation and the increase of microorganisms, and enhances the capacities of absorbing and storing nutrients of the soil; the fertility activator can effectively adjust the pH value of soil, promote the soil conditioner to exert the maximum effect, simultaneously promote the photosynthesis of crops and reduce the chemical injury of fertilizer. In the application mode, the soil and fertilizer mixture is applied in the first soil improvement ditch in the first year, the soil and fertilizer mixture is applied in the second soil improvement ditch in the second year, and the soil and fertilizer mixture is applied in the first soil improvement ditch in the third year in sequence. The soil fertility is gradually improved, and the organic matter content is kept at a reasonable level.)

1. A soil improvement and fertility activation method is characterized by comprising the following steps:

step S1: digging a first soil improvement ditch at the center of a crop row, wherein the width and the depth of the first soil improvement ditch are determined according to specific soil environment;

step S2: mixing a soil conditioner and a fertility activator in soil particles to obtain a soil-fertilizer mixture;

step S3: backfilling the soil-fertilizer mixture into the first soil improvement ditch, covering surface soil on the first soil improvement ditch, and ridging to a height 10-20cm above the ground surface plane;

step S4: in the second year, digging a second soil improvement ditch in the direction perpendicular to the first soil improvement ditch, and enabling the second soil improvement ditch to separate crops in sequence; the width and the depth of the second soil improvement ditch are determined according to the specific crop planting condition;

step S5: backfilling the soil-fertilizer mixture obtained in the step S2 into a second soil improvement ditch, and covering surface soil on the second soil improvement ditch without ridging;

the preparation method of the soil conditioner comprises the following steps:

step S6: crop residues such as straw, enteromorpha, grain and oil squeezed waste, crop culture waste and the like are dried and crushed in sequence to obtain crop residue powder;

step S7: drying and crushing animal wastes rich in nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium in sequence to obtain organic fertilizer powder;

step S8: mixing crop residue powder and organic fertilizer powder, pyrolyzing at high temperature for 1h, and cooling to obtain mixed fertilizer powder;

step S9: mixing the mixed fertilizer powder with a microbial inoculum and humic acid to obtain a soil conditioner;

the preparation method of the fertility activator comprises the following steps:

step S10: sequentially stirring, mixing and crushing the mixture of the acid-base regulator, the acetohydroxamic acid, the bone flavin and the phycocyanin to obtain the fertility activator.

2. A soil improvement and fertility activation method according to claim 1, wherein: the width of the first soil improvement ditch is 0.5-1 m, and the depth is 0.5-1 m; the second soil improvement trench has a width of 0.3 to 0.5m and a depth of 0.5 to 1 m.

3. A soil improvement and fertility activation method according to claim 1, wherein: the application amount of the soil conditioner applied to the soil is 50 g-100 g/kg; the fertility activator is applied to the soil in an amount of 10g to 30 g/kg.

4. A soil improvement and fertility activation method according to claim 1, wherein: in the preparation of the soil conditioner, the crop dreg powder accounts for 15-30% of the mixed fertilizer powder, and the organic fertilizer powder accounts for 70-85% of the mixed fertilizer powder; the proportion of the mixed fertilizer powder in the soil conditioner is 80-90%, and the balance is microbial inoculum and humic acid.

5. A soil improvement and fertility activation method according to claim 1, wherein: the microbial inoculum is one or more of bacillus amyloliquefaciens, streptomyces albidoflauvs, streptomyces dongdahu, aspergillus oryzae and aspergillus niger.

6. A soil improvement and fertility activation method according to claim 1, wherein: in the preparation of the fertility activator, the pH regulator accounts for 75-85% of the fertility activator, the acetohydroxamic acid accounts for 5-10% of the fertility activator, and the balance is 1: 1 mixed bone flavin and cerulenin.

7. A soil conditioning and fertility activating method according to claim 6, wherein: when the pH value of the soil needs to be reduced, the pH regulator is ferrous sulfate.

8. A soil conditioning and fertility activating method according to claim 6, wherein: when the pH value of the soil needs to be increased, the pH regulator is calcium carbonate.

Technical Field

The invention belongs to the field of agriculture, and relates to a soil improvement and fertility activation method.

Background

The soil fertility makes the basis of agricultural production, and to ensure high yield, high quality and high efficiency of agricultural production, the cultivation and promotion of the soil fertility and the maintenance and balance of soil nutrients must be emphasized if high-fertility soil is needed. The organic matter of the soil directly influences the fertilizer supply capability, the air permeability and the water permeability of the soil to crops, and is an important index for reflecting the soil fertility. In modern agriculture, the non-polar fertilizer occupies most markets, on one hand, the organic matter content of soil is reduced, the proportion of various nutrients is disordered, the soil starts to be acidified and hardened, and the water retention, fertilizer retention and air permeability are poor, so that the actual growth requirements of crops are difficult to meet; on the other hand, the use of inorganic fertilizers in large quantities leads to the enhancement of the dependence of crops on the inorganic fertilizers, and the use amount must be increased year by year; most seriously, the actual utilization rate of the inorganic fertilizer is low, and most of the inorganic fertilizer flows into rivers, lakes and seas along with water, so that the life health and safety of human beings are threatened.

Therefore, in order to improve the grain yield and construct environment-friendly ecological agriculture, the soil conditioner capable of increasing the fertilizer and the soil and the fertility activator capable of improving the fertilizer utilization rate and reducing the environmental pollution are provided, and the method has important significance.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to: the soil improvement and fertility activation method is provided, and the content of various organic matters and trace elements in the soil is increased by utilizing the specially prepared soil improvement agent and fertility activator; the soil conditioner can promote the formation of a soil granular structure, improve the permeability, the water retention property and the fertility of soil, is beneficial to the propagation and the increase of microorganisms, and enhances the capacities of absorbing and storing nutrients of the soil; the fertility activator can effectively adjust the pH value of soil, promote the soil conditioner to exert the maximum effect, simultaneously promote the photosynthesis of crops and reduce the chemical injury of fertilizer.

The technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows:

a soil improvement and fertility activation method comprises the following steps:

step S1: digging a first soil improvement ditch at the center of a crop row, wherein the width and the depth of the first soil improvement ditch are determined according to specific soil environment;

step S2: mixing a soil conditioner and a fertility activator in soil particles to obtain a soil-fertilizer mixture;

step S3: backfilling the soil-fertilizer mixture into the first soil improvement ditch, covering surface soil on the first soil improvement ditch, and ridging to a height 10-20cm above the ground surface plane;

step S4: in the second year, digging a second soil improvement ditch in the direction perpendicular to the first soil improvement ditch, and enabling the second soil improvement ditch to separate crops in sequence; the width and the depth of the second soil improvement ditch are determined according to the specific crop planting condition;

step S5: backfilling the soil-fertilizer mixture obtained in the step S2 into a second soil improvement ditch, and covering surface soil on the second soil improvement ditch without ridging;

the preparation method of the soil conditioner comprises the following steps:

step S6: crop residues such as straw, enteromorpha, grain and oil squeezed waste, crop culture waste and the like are dried and crushed in sequence to obtain crop residue powder;

step S7: drying and crushing animal wastes rich in nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium in sequence to obtain organic fertilizer powder;

step S8: mixing crop residue powder and organic fertilizer powder, pyrolyzing at high temperature for 1h, and cooling to obtain mixed fertilizer powder;

step S9: mixing the mixed fertilizer powder with a microbial inoculum and humic acid to obtain a soil conditioner;

the preparation method of the fertility activator comprises the following steps:

step S10: sequentially stirring, mixing and crushing the mixture of the acid-base regulator, the acetohydroxamic acid, the bone flavin and the phycocyanin to obtain the fertility activator.

Furthermore, the width of the first soil improvement ditch is 0.5-1 m, and the depth is 0.5-1 m; the second soil improvement trench has a width of 0.3 to 0.5m and a depth of 0.5 to 1 m.

Further, the application amount of the soil conditioner applied to the soil is 50 g-100 g/kg; the fertility activator is applied to the soil in an amount of 10g to 30 g/kg.

Further, in the preparation of the soil conditioner, the proportion of the crop dreg powder in the mixed fertilizer powder is 15-30%, and the proportion of the organic fertilizer powder in the mixed fertilizer powder is 70-85%; the proportion of the mixed fertilizer powder in the soil conditioner is 80-90%, and the balance is microbial inoculum and humic acid.

Further, the microbial inoculum is one or more of bacillus amyloliquefaciens, streptomyces albidoflauvs, streptomyces dongdahensis, aspergillus oryzae and aspergillus niger.

Further, in the preparation of the fertility activator, the pH regulator accounts for 75% -85% of the fertility activator, the acetohydroxamic acid accounts for 5% -10% of the fertility activator, and the balance is 1: 1 mixed bone flavin and cerulenin.

Wherein, when the PH value of the soil needs to be reduced, the pH regulator is ferrous sulfate.

Wherein, when the PH value of the soil needs to be improved, the pH regulator is calcium carbonate.

In summary, due to the adoption of the technical scheme, the invention has the beneficial effects that:

1. a soil improvement and fertility activation method utilizes a specially prepared soil improvement agent and a fertility activator to increase the content of various organic matters and trace elements in soil. Wherein the soil and fertilizer mixture is applied in a first soil improvement trench in a first year, the soil and fertilizer mixture is applied in a second soil improvement trench in a second year, and the soil and fertilizer mixture is applied in the first soil improvement trench in a subsequent third year. The soil fertility is gradually improved, and the organic matter content is kept at a reasonable level.

2. The soil conditioner provided by the invention is a long-term stable, environment-friendly and efficient soil conditioner, can promote the formation of a soil aggregate structure, improves the soil permeability, water retention and fertility preservation, is beneficial to the propagation and increase of microorganisms, and enhances the nutrient absorption and nutrient storage capacity of soil. The application of the microbial inoculum and humic acid can effectively increase the number of soil microorganisms and improve the activity of soil enzymes.

3. The invention considers the problem of slow decomposition of crop residues such as straws, enteromorpha, grain and oil pressing wastes, crop cultivation wastes and the like under natural conditions, and pyrolyzes the residues at high temperature, particularly at the high temperature of 300 ℃ for 1 hour, so that the decomposition progress of a soil conditioner can be accelerated, and a pore structure generated in the pyrolysis process can effectively keep higher water content and fertility, enhance the comprehensive utilization of soil nutrients, effectively improve the soil structure and promote the enhancement of the soil fertility.

4. The fertility activator provided by the invention can effectively adjust the pH value of soil, promote the soil conditioner to exert the maximum effect, simultaneously promote the photosynthesis of crops and reduce the chemical injury of fertilizer.

Drawings

In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the drawings that are required to be used in the embodiments will be briefly described below, it should be understood that the following drawings only illustrate some embodiments of the present invention and therefore should not be considered as limiting the scope, and that for those skilled in the art, other relevant drawings can be obtained according to the drawings without inventive effort, wherein:

FIG. 1 is a schematic representation of the steps of the present invention.

Detailed Description

In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent, the present invention is described in further detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the detailed description and specific examples, while indicating the preferred embodiment of the invention, are intended for purposes of illustration only and are not intended to limit the scope of the invention. The components of embodiments of the present invention generally described and illustrated in the figures herein may be arranged and designed in a wide variety of different configurations.

Thus, the following detailed description of the embodiments of the present invention, presented in the figures, is not intended to limit the scope of the invention, as claimed, but is merely representative of selected embodiments of the invention. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments of the present invention without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

It is noted that relational terms such as "first" and "second," and the like, may be used solely to distinguish one entity or action from another entity or action without necessarily requiring or implying any actual such relationship or order between such entities or actions. Also, the terms "comprises," "comprising," or any other variation thereof, are intended to cover a non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements does not include only those elements but may include other elements not expressly listed or inherent to such process, method, article, or apparatus. Without further limitation, an element defined by the phrase "comprising an … …" does not exclude the presence of other identical elements in a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises the element.

The features and properties of the present invention are described in further detail below with reference to examples.