阅读说明：本技术 一种红螯螯虾的养殖方法 (Method for breeding red swamp crayfish ) 是由 杨雷 杨霄 娄建明 于 2020-07-01 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明公开了一种红螯螯虾的养殖方法,包括以下步骤：(S1)网箱放置；(S2)虾苗放养：将红螯螯虾黑头苗放入网箱中放养,直到红螯螯虾黑头苗标粗至1.5-2cm的小苗；(S3)恒温恒湿养殖：将(S2)中的小苗移至恒温恒湿的大棚内,以十孔砖虾屋养殖至5-8cm的大苗；(S4)外塘养殖：将(S3)中的大苗移至户外大鱼塘中,以四孔砖虾屋养殖95-110天得到可出售的红螯螯虾；十孔砖虾屋和四孔砖虾屋内均设有供虾苗活动的通孔,十孔砖虾屋的通孔体积小于四孔砖虾屋的通孔体积；十孔砖虾屋和四孔砖虾屋均包括水泥砖主体,水泥砖主体形状为由人工砂石压合而成的长方体；水泥砖主体的表面粗糙；通孔内表面为多孔粗糙面。本发明有效提高存活率和产量,降低土地资源浪费。(The invention discloses a method for breeding red swamp crayfish, which comprises the following steps: (S1) placing a net cage; (S2) stocking the shrimp seeds: putting the blackhead seedlings of the red swamp crayfish into a net cage for stocking until the blackhead seedlings of the red swamp crayfish are marked as small seedlings with the thickness of 1.5-2 cm; (S3) constant temperature and humidity cultivation: transplanting the plantlets in the step (S2) to a greenhouse with constant temperature and humidity, and culturing the plantlets in a ten-hole brick shrimp house to obtain 5-8cm plantlets; (S4) external pond culture: transferring the big seedlings in the step (S3) to an outdoor big fish pond, and culturing for 95-110 days in a four-hole brick shrimp house to obtain marketable red swamp crayfish; the ten-hole brick shrimp house and the four-hole brick shrimp house are respectively provided with a through hole for the movement of shrimp seeds, and the volume of the through hole of the ten-hole brick shrimp house is smaller than that of the through hole of the four-hole brick shrimp house; the ten-hole brick shrimp house and the four-hole brick shrimp house both comprise cement brick main bodies, and the cement brick main bodies are cuboids formed by pressing artificial sandstone; the surface of the cement brick main body is rough; the inner surface of the through hole is a porous rough surface. The invention effectively improves the survival rate and the yield and reduces the waste of land resources.)

1. A method for breeding red swamp crayfish is characterized in that: the method comprises the following steps:

(S1) placing the net cage: placing the net cage in a culture pond;

(S2) stocking the shrimp seeds: putting the blackhead seedlings of the crayfish into the net cage in the step (S1) for breeding until the blackhead seedlings of the crayfish are marked as small seedlings with the thickness of 1.5-2 cm;

(S3) constant temperature and humidity cultivation: transferring the small seedlings in the step (S2) to a greenhouse with constant temperature and humidity, and culturing the small seedlings to 5-8cm big seedlings in a ten-hole brick shrimp house;

(S4) external pond culture: transferring the big seedlings in the step (S3) to an outdoor big fish pond, and culturing for 95-110 days in a four-hole brick shrimp house to obtain marketable red crayfish;

the ten-hole brick shrimp house and the four-hole brick shrimp house are both provided with through holes for shrimp seedlings to move, and the volume of the through holes of the ten-hole brick shrimp house is smaller than that of the through holes of the four-hole brick shrimp house;

the ten-hole brick shrimp house and the four-hole brick shrimp house both comprise cement brick main bodies, and the cement brick main bodies are cuboids formed by pressing artificial sandstone; the surface of the cement brick main body is rough; the inner surface of the through hole is a porous rough surface.

2. The method of claim 1, wherein the method of cultivating the red crayfish comprises: and (S3) supplying oxygen to the plantlets in the greenhouse in the step (S3) in an all-weather oxygenation mode.

3. The method of claim 1, wherein the method of cultivating the red crayfish comprises: and (S4) supplying oxygen to the big seedlings in an all-weather oxygen increasing mode in the outdoor big fish pond.

4. The method of claim 1, wherein the method of cultivating the red crayfish comprises: in the stocking of the fry of (S2), the blackhead fry of the crayfish can be put into the net cage of (S1) for stocking until the blackhead fry of the crayfish is marked as a young fry of 1.5-1.8cm thick.

5. The method of claim 1, wherein the method of cultivating the red crayfish comprises: in the stocking of the fry of (S2), the blackhead fry of the crayfish can be put into the net cage of (S1) for stocking until the blackhead fry of the crayfish is marked as a young fry of 1.8-2.0cm thick.

6. The method of claim 1, wherein the method of cultivating the red crayfish comprises: in the constant temperature and humidity cultivation (S4), the larval fry described in (S3) may be transferred to an outdoor big fish pond and cultivated in a four-hole brick shrimp house for 100 days to obtain marketable red swamp crayfish.

7. The method of cultivating a red crayfish according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that: the culture water temperature is above 21 ℃.

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of aquaculture, in particular to a method for breeding red swamp crayfish.

Background

The red crayfish (Latin name: Cherax quadricarinatus) is also called Australia freshwater crayfish, the original product Australia is exactly like crayfish in the sea, and the red crayfish is one of the most famous and expensive freshwater economic crayfish species in the world. The shrimp body is brown green, and the top end of the outer chela is provided with a fresh red zone with membrane quality, so that the shrimp is beautiful and good-looking, and is known as red-chela shrimp. The red swamp crayfish can lay eggs for a plurality of times in one year. The length of the day has a certain influence on the reproduction, and the laying period generally begins at the end of spring and in the beginning of summer. Under the condition of artificial cultivation, the method of heating induction is adopted, and the mating, oviposition and reproduction can be carried out in winter, particularly in early spring. The red swamp crayfish generally reaches sexual maturity after 6-12 months of age. The large crayfish in sexually mature male has a distinct red or orange stripe in appearance, the base of the fifth pair of feet has a pair of papillary reproductive spines, and the crayfish has a greater length than the body. The female shrimp has a pair of genital orifices at the base of the third pair of feet, and the male shrimp is blue in color and less long than the body length. The sexually mature red swamp crayfish can be naturally bred in the pond. The breeding time of the red crayfish is longer, starting from 4 months and extending to 10 months. Mature female shrimps must be unshelled before mating once to mate. Generally, female shrimps ovulate within 24 hours after mating, and then combine with sperm to be fertilized, so that fertilized eggs are orange. After spawning and fertilization, the eggs are hatched with the mother eggs, and the hatching period is 30-31 days. The red swamp crayfish can lay eggs for 2-3 times a year. .

The adult crayfishes of the red swamp crayfish have strong low dissolved oxygen resistance, can survive with the dissolved oxygen content of 1 mg/L in water and can survive for a long time in a wet state, so the adult crayfishes can endure long-distance transportation and are beneficial to the supply market of live shrimps. The young shrimp and the parent shrimp with eggs are not suitable for being raised in the water body with low dissolved oxygen, which easily causes the death of the young shrimp and the egg embryo. The dissolved oxygen amount of the water body for raising the brooding parent shrimps and the young shrimps is preferably not less than 4 mg/L. The artificial breeding of the red swamp crayfish needs large-scale high-density breeding for cost consideration, the large-scale high-density breeding of the strongly conscious red swamp crayfish needs to face a plurality of challenges, and particularly when the red swamp crayfish is bred in an outer pond, the survival rate is difficult to improve. Patent application No. 201610394121.8 describes a method for cultivating red crayfish.

However, in the process of implementing the prior art, the inventor of the present application finds that the above-mentioned technology has at least the following technical problems:

the blackhead seedlings are weak in physique and numerous in natural enemies of the outer pond, and are easily killed by the natural enemies in the growth process, so that the survival rate of the shrimp seedlings is extremely low;

the red swamp crayfish has strong territorial awareness and is easy to fight each other, so the survival rate of the red swamp crayfish is reduced;

the commercial shrimp can not be fully utilized after more than 180 days of cultivation time, for example, one year of cultivation in continents outside the Hainan island and one year of cultivation in two seasons of cultivation in the Hainan island, if the yield is increased, more fishponds need to be excavated, thus causing the waste of land resources and the increase of cost;

the commercial shrimps are small in culture quantity due to cost consideration, low in survival rate and low in yield.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to solve the technical problems that in the prior art, the survival rate of the red crayfish is low due to natural enemies and territorial consciousness, the survival rate is low due to low culture density and quantity, and land resources are wasted, and the technical effects of improving the survival rate and the yield and reducing the land resource waste are achieved.

In order to solve the technical problems, the technical scheme of the invention is as follows:

a method for breeding the red swamp crayfish comprises the following steps:

(S1) placing the net cage: placing the net cage in a culture pond;

(S2) stocking the shrimp seeds: putting the blackhead seedlings of the crayfish into the net cage in the step (S1) for breeding until the blackhead seedlings of the crayfish are marked as small seedlings with the thickness of 1.5-2 cm;

(S3) constant temperature and humidity cultivation: transferring the small seedlings in the step (S2) to a greenhouse with constant temperature and humidity, and culturing the small seedlings to 5-8cm big seedlings in a ten-hole brick shrimp house;

(S4) external pond culture: transferring the big seedlings in the step (S3) to an outdoor big fish pond, and culturing for 95-110 days in a four-hole brick shrimp house to obtain marketable red crayfish;

through holes for shrimp seedlings to move are formed in the main bodies of the ten-hole brick shrimp houses and the four-hole brick shrimp houses, and the volume of the through holes of the ten-hole brick shrimp houses is smaller than that of the through holes of the four-hole brick shrimp houses;

the ten-hole brick shrimp house and the four-hole brick shrimp house both comprise cement brick main bodies, and the cement brick main bodies are cuboids formed by pressing artificial sandstone; the surface of the cement brick main body is rough; the inner surface of the through hole is a porous rough surface.

Preferably, the oxygen is supplied to the seedlings in the greenhouse in the step (S3) in an all-weather oxygen increasing mode.

More preferably, the oxygen is supplied to the fry in the outdoor big fish pond in the step (S4) by adopting an all-weather oxygen increasing mode.

Preferably, in the stocking of the shrimp larvae (S2), the blackhead seedlings of the crayfish can be placed in the net cage (S1) for stocking until the blackhead seedlings of the crayfish are marked as young seedlings with the thickness of 1.5-1.8 cm.

More preferably, in the stocking of the shrimp larvae (S2), the blackhead seedlings of the crayfish can be placed in the net cage (S1) for stocking until the blackhead seedlings of the crayfish are marked as small seedlings with the thickness of 1.8-2.0 cm.

Preferably, in the constant temperature and humidity cultivation (S4), the larval fry of (S3) may be transferred to an outdoor big fish pond, and the marketable red swamp crayfish may be obtained by cultivating the same in a four-hole brick shrimp house for 100 days.

More preferably, the temperature of the culture water is above 21 ℃.

One or more technical solutions provided by the present application have at least the following technical effects or advantages:

according to the technical scheme, different culture environments are adopted at different growth stages of the red swamp crayfish, specifically, the red swamp crayfish is placed in the net box for culture at the shrimp fry stage, when the shrimp fry grows to 1.5-2cm, the shrimp fry is placed in the constant-temperature constant-humidity greenhouse and cultured in the ten-hole brick shrimp house, when the shrimp fry grows to 5-8cm, the shrimp fry is moved to an outdoor fishpond and cultured in the four-hole brick shrimp house, and other technical means are adopted, so that when the red swamp crayfish is weakest and least difficult to resist natural enemies, the damage of the natural enemies of the crayfish is avoided in a relatively safe constant-temperature constant-humidity environment; after the shrimps grow a little, the shrimps are moved to an outdoor fish pond to be cultured in a four-hole brick shrimp house, so that the culture density can be improved, and the shrimps can be uniformly fed into the through holes of the shrimp house, so that unnecessary fighting between the shrimps due to snatching is avoided, and the casualties of the shrimps are reduced; meanwhile, the shrimps are not discharged for pond culture in the young hours, so that the time can be fully utilized to culture different aquatic products in the pond, and the utilization rate of the land is provided. The technical problems that the survival rate of the red crayfish is low due to the consciousness of natural enemies and territories, the survival rate is low due to low culture density and quantity, and land resources are wasted in the prior art are effectively solved, so that the technical effects of improving the survival rate and the yield and reducing the land resources waste are achieved.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic structural view of a ten-hole brick shrimp house of the present invention;

fig. 2 is a schematic structural view of a ten-hole brick shrimp house in the invention.

In the figure, 10-cement brick body, 2-through hole.

Detailed Description

The following further describes embodiments of the present invention with reference to the drawings. It should be noted that the description of the embodiments is provided to help understanding of the present invention, but the present invention is not limited thereto. In addition, the technical features involved in the embodiments of the present invention described below may be combined with each other as long as they do not conflict with each other.

According to the technical scheme of the embodiment of the application, the problems of low survival rate of the red crayfish due to natural enemies and territorial consciousness, low survival rate and waste of land resources due to low culture density and low quantity of the red crayfish in the prior art are solved, and the beneficial effects of improving the survival rate and the yield and reducing the waste of the land resources are realized by respectively adopting different culture environments in different growth stages of the red crayfish.

The general idea of the embodiment of the invention for solving the technical problems is as follows:

different culture environments are adopted in different growth stages of the red crayfish, specifically, the red crayfish is placed in a net box for culture in a shrimp fry stage, when the shrimp fry grows to 1.5-2cm, the red crayfish is placed in a constant temperature and humidity greenhouse and cultured in a ten-hole brick shrimp house, when the shrimp fry grows to 5-8cm, the red crayfish is moved to an outdoor fish pond and cultured in a four-hole brick shrimp house, and other technical means are adopted, so that when the red crayfish is the weakest and the least difficult to resist natural enemies, the damage of the natural enemies of the red crayfish is avoided in a relatively safe constant temperature and humidity environment; after the shrimps grow a little, the shrimps are moved to an outdoor fish pond to be cultured in a four-hole brick shrimp house, so that the culture density can be improved, and the shrimps can be uniformly fed into the through holes of the shrimp house, so that unnecessary fighting between the shrimps due to snatching is avoided, and the casualties of the shrimps are reduced; meanwhile, the shrimps are not discharged for pond culture when the shrimps are young, so that the time can be fully utilized to culture different aquatic products in the pond, and the utilization rate of land is provided

In order to better understand the technical solution, the technical solution will be described in detail with reference to the drawings and the specific embodiments.