阅读说明：本技术 基于介质谐振器的增加带宽的天线结构及电子设备 (Dielectric resonator-based antenna structure for increasing bandwidth and electronic equipment ) 是由 赵伟 唐小兰 戴令亮 谢昱乾 于 2021-06-02 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明公开了一种基于介质谐振器的增加带宽的天线结构及电子设备,包括介质谐振器和辐射体,所述介质谐振器的形状为圆柱体形,所述辐射体设置于所述介质谐振器的顶面上；所述介质谐振器的工作模式为HEM-(12)模式,所述辐射体的工作模式为TM模式；所述介质谐振器的底面半径为3mm,高度为3mm,介电常数为21。本发明可在保证高增益的同时增加带宽。(The invention discloses an antenna structure for increasing bandwidth based on a dielectric resonator and electronic equipment, comprising the dielectric resonator and a radiating body, wherein the dielectric resonator is cylindrical, and the radiating body is arranged on the top surface of the dielectric resonator; the working mode of the dielectric resonator is HEM 12 The working mode of the radiator is a TM mode; the radius of the bottom surface of the dielectric resonator is 3mm, the height of the bottom surface of the dielectric resonator is 3mm, and the dielectric constant of the dielectric resonator is 21. The invention can increase the bandwidth while ensuring high gain.)

1. An antenna structure for increasing bandwidth based on a dielectric resonator is characterized by comprising the dielectric resonator and a radiating body, wherein the dielectric resonator is cylindrical, and the radiating body is arranged on the top surface of the dielectric resonator; the working mode of the dielectric resonator is HEM₁₂The working mode of the radiator is a TM mode; the radius of the bottom surface of the dielectric resonator is 3mm, the height of the bottom surface of the dielectric resonator is 3mm, and the dielectric constant of the dielectric resonator is 21.

2. The dielectric resonator-based increased bandwidth antenna structure of claim 1, further comprising a dielectric substrate and a ground plane, the ground plane disposed on one side of the dielectric substrate, the dielectric resonator disposed on the ground plane.

3. The dielectric resonator-based antenna structure for increasing bandwidth of claim 2, wherein the ground plane is provided with a feed slot, and the dielectric resonator covers the feed slot.

4. The dielectric resonator-based increased bandwidth antenna structure of claim 3, wherein a projection of the radiator onto the ground plane intersects a feed slot.

5. The dielectric resonator-based bandwidth-increased antenna structure of claim 3, further comprising a microstrip line disposed on a side of the dielectric substrate away from the ground plane, the microstrip line coupled to the feed slot.

6. The dielectric resonator-based increased bandwidth antenna structure of claim 1, wherein the radiator is a radiating patch that is circular or rectangular in shape.

7. The dielectric resonator-based increased bandwidth antenna structure of claim 1, wherein the center point of the radiator is located on the axis of the dielectric resonator.

8. An electronic device comprising an increased bandwidth antenna structure based on a dielectric resonator according to any of claims 1-7.

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of wireless communication, in particular to an antenna structure and electronic equipment for increasing bandwidth based on a dielectric resonator.

Background

5G is the focus of research and development in the world, and 5G standard has become common in the industry by developing 5G technology. The international telecommunications union ITU identified three major application scenarios for 5G at ITU-RWP5D meeting No. 22 held 6 months 2015: enhanced mobile broadband, large-scale machine communication, high-reliability and low-delay communication. The 3 application scenes correspond to different key indexes respectively, wherein the peak speed of a user in the enhanced mobile bandwidth scene is 20Gbps, and the lowest user experience rate is 100 Mbps. The unique high carrier frequency and large bandwidth characteristics of millimeter waves are the main means for realizing 5G ultrahigh data transmission rate.

The EIRP (equivalent omnidirectional radiation power) of the radio frequency link is the sum of the antenna gain and the output gain of the chip, and the high-gain millimeter wave antenna can reduce the output power of the chip under the condition that the EIRP meets the 3GPP standard, so that the heat dissipation of the chip is good; on the other hand, the high-gain millimeter wave antenna does not need to be designed into dual polarization, and the gain of 3dBi is increased without dual polarization due to high antenna gain, so that the design complexity is simplified.

According to the theory of the antenna, the cylinder dielectric resonator of the high-order mode can radiate a higher gain directional diagram than conventional antennas such as dipole, patch, slot and the like, the cylinder dielectric resonator of the high-order mode is used as a basic antenna unit of the 5G millimeter wave module, the advantages are great, but the bandwidth is often narrow, and some means for expanding the bandwidth are needed. The conventional method for expanding the bandwidth comprises the following steps: 1. two resonant frequency adjacent antennas are fed, one is a high-order mode DRA (dielectric resonator antenna) and the other is the other antenna, but the two antennas usually lose gain due to high coupling; 2. the principle of reducing Q value is used, for example, the DK (dielectric constant) of DRA is reduced, but the method tends to increase the volume of the antenna and complicate feeding; 3. a dual mode DRA is designed, but this approach tends to make the antenna bulky, or difficult to process, and costly.

Therefore, how to increase the bandwidth without losing the DRA higher order mode gain becomes a problem to be solved at present.

Disclosure of Invention

The technical problem to be solved by the invention is as follows: provided are an antenna structure and an electronic device for increasing bandwidth based on a dielectric resonator, which can increase the bandwidth while ensuring high gain of the dielectric resonator antenna.

In order to solve the technical problems, the invention adopts the technical scheme that: an antenna structure for increasing bandwidth based on a dielectric resonator comprises the dielectric resonator and a radiator, wherein the dielectric resonator is cylindrical, and the radiator is arranged on the top surface of the dielectric resonator; the working mode of the dielectric resonator is HEM₁₂The working mode of the radiator is a TM mode; the radius of the bottom surface of the dielectric resonator is 3mm, the height of the bottom surface of the dielectric resonator is 3mm, and the dielectric constant of the dielectric resonator is 21.

The invention also proposes an electronic device comprising an increased bandwidth antenna structure based on a dielectric resonator as described above.

The invention has the beneficial effects that: the size and the dielectric constant of the cylindrical dielectric resonator are designed, so that a high-order mode can be excited, and the antenna gain is improved; dielectric resonator operating in HEM₁₂Mode (mixed mode of TM mode and TE mode, wherein TM mode is dominant) without changing HEM of dielectric resonator by loading radiator working in TM mode on dielectric resonator₁₂Mode, so that the gain is unchanged while increasing the bandwidth. The invention can increase the bandwidth of the high-order mode dielectric resonator antenna under the condition of not reducing the gain of the antenna, and the antenna has simple structure and low cost.

Drawings

Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of an antenna structure with increased bandwidth based on a dielectric resonator according to a first embodiment of the present invention;

fig. 2 is a schematic top view of an antenna structure according to a first embodiment of the present invention;

fig. 3 is a bottom view of an antenna structure according to a first embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 4 is a diagram of the electric field distribution at the XOY plane of the dielectric resonator at 28 GHz;

FIG. 5 is a graph of the electric field distribution at the ZOX plane for a dielectric resonator at 28 GHz;

FIG. 6 is a magnetic field distribution diagram of the XOY plane of the dielectric resonator at 28GHz

FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram of S parameters of an antenna structure before and after loading a microstrip antenna;

fig. 8 is a schematic diagram of gain curves of the antenna structure before and after loading the microstrip antenna.

Description of reference numerals:

1. a dielectric resonator; 2. a radiator; 3. a dielectric substrate; 4. a ground plane; 5. a feed gap; 6. a microstrip line.

Detailed Description

In order to explain technical contents, objects and effects of the present invention in detail, the following detailed description is given with reference to the accompanying drawings in conjunction with the embodiments.

Referring to fig. 1, an antenna structure for increasing bandwidth based on a dielectric resonator includes a dielectric resonator and a radiator, wherein the dielectric resonator is cylindrical, and the radiator is disposed on a top surface of the dielectric resonator; the working mode of the dielectric resonator is HEM₁₂The working mode of the radiator is a TM mode; the radius of the bottom surface of the dielectric resonator is 3mm, the height of the bottom surface of the dielectric resonator is 3mm, and the dielectric constant of the dielectric resonator is 21.

From the above description, the beneficial effects of the present invention are: the bandwidth can be increased while ensuring a high gain.

The dielectric resonator further comprises a dielectric substrate and a grounding layer, wherein the grounding layer is arranged on one surface of the dielectric substrate, and the dielectric resonator is arranged on the grounding layer.

Furthermore, a feed gap is arranged on the ground layer, and the dielectric resonator covers the feed gap.

Further, the projection of the radiator on the ground plane intersects with a feed slot.

The microstrip line is arranged on one surface of the dielectric substrate, which is far away from the ground layer, and the microstrip line is coupled with the feed gap.

As can be seen from the above description, the dielectric resonator and the radiator thereon are simultaneously fed by slot coupling feeding.

Further, the radiator is a radiation patch, and the shape of the radiation patch is circular or rectangular.

As can be seen from the above description, the antenna profile can be reduced by using the radiating patch.

Further, the center point of the radiator is located on the axis of the dielectric resonator.

The invention also proposes an electronic device comprising an increased bandwidth antenna structure based on a dielectric resonator as described above.

Example one

Referring to fig. 1 to 8, a first embodiment of the present invention is: an antenna structure based on a dielectric resonator and used for increasing bandwidth can be applied to a 5G millimeter wave terminal or a small base station.

As shown in fig. 1, the antenna comprises a dielectric resonator 1, a radiator 2, a dielectric substrate 3 and a ground layer 4; the ground layer 4 is laminated on one surface of the dielectric substrate 3, the dielectric resonator 1 is arranged on the ground layer 4, the dielectric resonator 1 is cylindrical, and the radiator 2 is arranged on the top surface of the dielectric resonator 1, namely, on the surface of the dielectric resonator 1 far away from the ground layer 4.

Preferably, the bottom surface of the dielectric resonator has a radius of 3mm, a height of 3mm and a dielectric constant of 21. The radiator is a radiation patch, and the shape of the radiation patch can be circular or rectangular. The central point of the radiator is located on the axis of the dielectric resonator, i.e. the radiator is located at the center of the top surface of the dielectric resonator.

As shown in fig. 2, a feed slot 5 is provided on the ground layer 4, and the dielectric resonator 1 covers the feed slot 5. Further, the projection of the radiator 2 on the ground layer 4 intersects with the feed slot 5; preferably, the projection of the radiator 2 on said ground plane 4 also covers the feed slot 5.

As shown in fig. 3, the antenna further includes a microstrip line 6, where the microstrip line 6 is disposed on a surface of the dielectric substrate 3 away from the ground layer, and the microstrip line 6 is coupled to the feed slot 5. Specifically, the projection of the microstrip line on the ground plane perpendicularly intersects the feed slot.

In this embodiment, the dielectric resonator and the radiator thereon are fed simultaneously by slot coupling feeding, which is equivalent to loading a microstrip antenna on the dielectric resonator antenna, that is, the radiator in this embodiment is a radiator in a microstrip antenna. The dielectric resonator is excited through the feed gap, and higher-order mode modes can be excited, so that the antenna structure has high gain characteristics.

For the general higher order mode cylinder DRA (dielectric resonator antenna) extended bandwidth, an externally loaded radiator is the simplest choice. In this embodiment, the cylindrical dielectric resonator operates in the HEM₁₂Mode (HEM mode means a mixed mode of TM and TE, where TM dominates), if the bandwidth is to be extended without substantial loss of antenna gain, a radiator of TM mode can only be selected, because if the loaded external antenna is TE mode radiation, such as a microstrip antenna of TE mode, or a non-TM mode antenna such as an electric dipole, and the mode of the dielectric resonator antenna is overlapped, the radiation mode of the dielectric resonator antenna is changed, and the gain is necessarily reduced. While TM mode radiating antennas are typically microstrip antennas, magnetic dipoles (metal slots) and TM mode cylindrical dielectric resonators, loading the microstrip antenna on top of the DRA is the best choice from process, cost and volume considerations. Moreover, the introduced microstrip antenna does not change HEM₁₂Mode, making the gain constant while increasing the bandwidth.

FIGS. 4-6 show mode diagrams HEM of a dielectric resonator at 28GHz₁₂Fig. 4 is an electric field distribution diagram of the XOY plane of the dielectric resonator at 28GHz, fig. 5 is an electric field distribution diagram of the ZOX plane of the dielectric resonator at 28GHz, and fig. 6 is a magnetic field distribution diagram of the XOY plane of the dielectric resonator at 28 GHz. For the coordinate axis directions in fig. 4-6, the bottom surface of the cylindrical dielectric resonator is parallel to the XOY plane, and the height direction is parallel to the Z-axis direction. It can be seen from the figure that the dielectric resonator operates in the HEM₁₂Higher order modes of (3).

Fig. 7 is a schematic diagram of S parameters of the antenna structure before and after loading the microstrip antenna, and it can be seen from the diagram that the antenna structure before loading the microstrip antenna only covers 27.5-28.5GHz, and the antenna structure after loading the microstrip antenna can cover n257 frequency bands (26.5-29.5GHz), increasing the bandwidth.

Fig. 8 is a schematic diagram of gain curves of the antenna structures before and after loading the microstrip antenna, and it can be seen from the diagram that the gain curves of the antenna structures before and after loading the microstrip antenna are basically unchanged, and only the gain of the dielectric resonator antenna is biased to a low level by 1 GHz, but the performance is not affected.

The embodiment can increase the bandwidth under the condition of not losing the antenna gain of the dielectric resonator antenna, and the antenna has the advantages of simple structure, convenience in processing and low cost.

In summary, according to the antenna structure and the electronic device for increasing the bandwidth based on the dielectric resonator provided by the invention, the dielectric resonator and the radiator on the dielectric resonator are fed simultaneously in a slot coupling feeding manner, and the dielectric resonator is excited through the feeding slot to excite a high-order mode, so that the antenna structure has a high-gain characteristic; the working mode of the radiator is similar to that of the dielectric resonator, so that the working mode of the dielectric resonator is not changed, the gain is not changed, and the bandwidth is increased. The invention can increase the bandwidth of the high-order mode dielectric resonator antenna under the condition of not reducing the gain of the antenna, and the antenna has simple structure and low cost.

The above description is only an embodiment of the present invention, and not intended to limit the scope of the present invention, and all equivalent changes made by using the contents of the present specification and the drawings, or applied directly or indirectly to the related technical fields, are included in the scope of the present invention.