阅读说明：本技术 一种3D拱形超宽带Vivaldi天线及制作方法 (3D arched ultra-wideband Vivaldi antenna and manufacturing method ) 是由 王丽黎 刘庆 杜忠红 于 2021-05-07 设计创作，主要内容包括：一种3D拱形超宽带Vivaldi天线,包括介质板、接地板、微带传输线一和微带传输线二；顶层接地板附着在介质板顶层,微带传输线一和微带传输线二附着在介质板的底层；所述的3D拱形超宽带Vivaldi天线由水平部分、垂直部分及弯曲部分组成,接地板由圆形槽线、矩形槽线及指数型槽线构成,并在辐射臂两侧含有60个排列均匀的矩形缝隙,通过弯折辐射臂,改变了电流路径,使天线在水平部分被馈电,并从弯折的辐射臂辐射出行波；本发明的天线在4-14GHz的超宽带工作频段内增益峰值可以达10dBi,相对带宽为111％,具有小型化、高增益和超宽带特点。(A3D arch ultra-wideband Vivaldi antenna comprises a dielectric plate, a grounding plate, a first microstrip transmission line and a second microstrip transmission line; the top-layer grounding plate is attached to the top layer of the dielectric plate, and the first microstrip transmission line and the second microstrip transmission line are attached to the bottom layer of the dielectric plate; the 3D arched ultra-wideband Vivaldi antenna is composed of a horizontal part, a vertical part and a bent part, the ground plate is composed of a circular slot line, a rectangular slot line and an index slot line, 60 rectangular slots which are uniformly arranged are arranged on two sides of the radiation arm, and a current path is changed by bending the radiation arm, so that the antenna is fed at the horizontal part, and a traveling wave is radiated from the bent radiation arm; the gain peak value of the antenna can reach 10dBi in an ultra-wideband working frequency band of 4-14GHz, the relative bandwidth is 111%, and the antenna has the characteristics of miniaturization, high gain and ultra-wideband.)

1. A3D arched ultra-wideband Vivaldi antenna is characterized by comprising a dielectric plate (1), a grounding plate (2), a first microstrip transmission line (3) and a second microstrip transmission line (4); the top-layer grounding plate (2) is attached to the top layer of the dielectric plate (1), and the first microstrip transmission line (3) and the second microstrip transmission line (4) are attached to the bottom layer of the dielectric plate (1).

2. A 3D arcuate ultra wide band Vivaldi antenna as claimed in claim 1, wherein said dielectric plate (1) is bent into a 3D arcuate shape.

3. The 3D arched ultra-wideband Vivaldi antenna as claimed in claim 1, wherein the length L1 of the dielectric plate (1) is 155.7mm ± 1mm, the width W1 is 70mm ± 1mm, and the thickness H1 is 0.78mm ± 0.1 mm; the thickness H2 of the grounding plate (2) is 0.0175mm +/-0.1 mm; the thicknesses H3 of the first microstrip transmission line (3) and the second microstrip transmission line (4) are 0.0175mm +/-0.1 mm.

4. The 3D arched ultra-wideband Vivaldi antenna as claimed in claim 1, wherein the dielectric plate (1) is made of Tastic TLY-5 material, and has a dielectric constant of 2.2, a loss tangent of 0.0009 and a thickness of 0.78 mm.

5. The 3D arched ultra-wideband Vivaldi antenna as claimed in claim 1, wherein the ground plate has a circular slot at its center, the circular slot has the same rectangular slots at its upper and lower sides, and the ground plate has rectangular slots regularly arranged at its radiating arms at its two sides.

6. The 3D arched ultra-wideband Vivaldi antenna as claimed in claim 1, wherein the dielectric plate is a rectangular substrate with index slots on left and right sides.

7. The 3D arched ultra-wideband Vivaldi antenna as claimed in claim 4, wherein a total of 60 rectangular slots are uniformly distributed.

8. The 3D arched ultra-wideband Vivaldi antenna as claimed in claim 1, wherein the first microstrip transmission line (3) and the second microstrip transmission line (4) are identical in structure; the first microstrip transmission line (3) is composed of a sector, a triangle, 2 trapezoids with different sizes and 2 rectangles with different sizes, the central angle of the sector is connected with the vertex angle of the triangle, the bottom edge of the triangle is connected with the smaller rectangle through the smaller trapezoid, and the smaller rectangle is connected with the larger rectangle through the other trapezoid.

9. A manufacturing method of a 3D arch ultra-wide Vivaldi antenna is characterized by comprising the following steps:

step 1, bending the left half part of a dielectric plate (1) for 90 degrees along the AB direction to the positive direction of a Z axis, and then bending the right half part of the dielectric plate (1) for 90 degrees along the CD direction to the positive direction of the Z axis;

and 2, bending the left half part of the dielectric plate on the XZ plane along EG to the positive direction of the X axis to form a quarter arc with the center of 13mm, and bending the right half part of the dielectric plate on the XZ plane along FH to the negative direction of the X axis to form a quarter arc with the center of 13 mm.

Technical Field

The invention belongs to the technical field of electromagnetic fields and microwaves, and particularly relates to a 3D arched ultra-wideband Vivaldi microstrip antenna and a manufacturing method thereof.

Background

With the rapid development of wireless communication technology, the requirements for the bandwidth and gain of the antenna are higher and higher, and as one of important representatives of broadband antennas, the Vivaldi antenna has excellent radiation performance and extremely wide bandwidth, so that the Vivaldi antenna has been widely researched in the field of ultra-wideband antennas.

However, many Vivaldi antennas are large and fixed, so that the need to provide new Vivaldi antenna structures and improve the performance thereof is urgent.

Disclosure of Invention

In order to overcome the defects of the prior art, the invention aims to provide a 3D arched ultra-wideband Vivaldi antenna and a manufacturing method thereof, wherein the antenna works at 4-14GHz, the low-gain characteristic and the fixed structure of a microstrip antenna are improved, and the miniaturization, high-gain and ultra-wideband characteristics of the antenna are realized.

In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the technical scheme that the 3D arched ultra-wideband Vivaldi antenna comprises a dielectric plate, a grounding plate, a first microstrip transmission line and a second microstrip transmission line; the top layer grounding plate is attached to the top layer of the dielectric plate, and the first microstrip transmission line and the second microstrip transmission line are attached to the bottom layer of the dielectric plate.

The dielectric plate is bent into a 3D arch shape.

The length L1 of the medium plate is 155.7mm +/-1 mm, the width W1 is 70mm +/-1 mm, and the thickness H1 is 0.78mm +/-0.1 mm; the thickness H2 of the grounding plate 2 is 0.0175mm +/-0.1 mm; the thickness H3 of the first microstrip transmission line and the second microstrip transmission line is 0.0175mm +/-0.1 mm.

The dielectric plate is made of Taconic TLY-5 material, the dielectric constant is 2.2, the loss tangent is 0.0009, and the thickness is 0.78 mm.

The center of the grounding plate is provided with a circular gap, the upper side and the lower side of the circular gap are provided with the same rectangular gaps, and the two sides of the radiation arm of the grounding plate are provided with regularly arranged rectangular gaps.

The number of the rectangular gaps is 60, and the rectangular gaps are uniformly distributed.

The dielectric plate is formed by a rectangular substrate and index-type gaps respectively arranged on the left side and the right side of the rectangular substrate.

And a grounding plate is attached to the top of the dielectric plate.

The center of the grounding plate is provided with a circular gap, the upper side and the lower side of the circular gap are provided with the same rectangular gaps, and the two sides of the radiation arm are provided with regularly arranged rectangular gaps.

The first microstrip transmission line and the second microstrip transmission line have the same structure; the first microstrip transmission line is composed of a fan shape, a triangle shape, 2 trapezoids with different sizes and 2 rectangles with different sizes, the central angle of the fan shape is connected with the vertex angle of the triangle, the bottom edge of the triangle is connected with the smaller rectangle through the smaller trapezium, and the smaller rectangle is connected with the larger rectangle through the other trapezium.

A manufacturing method of a 3D arch ultra-wide Vivaldi antenna is characterized in that a dielectric plate 1 is bent into a 3D arch from a plane, and the manufacturing method comprises the following steps:

step 1, bending the left half part of the dielectric plate for 90 degrees along the AB direction to the positive direction of the Z axis, and then bending the right half part of the dielectric plate for 90 degrees along the CD direction to the positive direction of the Z axis;

and 2, bending the left half part of the dielectric plate on the XZ plane along EG to the positive direction of the X axis to form a quarter arc with the center of 13mm, and bending the right half part of the dielectric plate on the XZ plane along FH to the negative direction of the X axis to form a quarter arc with the center of 13 mm.

The invention has the beneficial effects that:

according to the invention, the two single Vivaldi antenna groups are combined to remove redundant parts, the upper side and the lower side of the antenna are folded into right angles, and the radiation arms are bent inwards by 90 degrees, so that the size of the horizontal part is reduced, the characteristics of ultra wide band and high gain are realized, the structure is novel, a large development space is provided, the antenna can be well applied to a 4-14GHz broadband system, the C waveband, the X waveband and part of Ku waveband are covered, and the market prospect is good.

By bending the radiating arm, the current path is changed, so that the antenna is fed at the horizontal part, and a traveling wave is radiated from the bent radiating arm; the gain peak value of the antenna can reach 10dBi in an ultra-wideband working frequency band of 4-14GHz, the relative bandwidth is 111%, and the antenna has the characteristics of miniaturization, high gain and ultra-wideband.

Drawings

Fig. 1 is a schematic front view of a dielectric sheet 1 before being bent according to the present invention.

Fig. 2 is a schematic view of the back surface structure of the dielectric sheet 1 before bending.

Fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of a microstrip transmission line of the present invention before bending.

Fig. 4 is a side view of the invention before bending.

Fig. 5 is a three-dimensional view of the present invention.

FIG. 6 is a graph of the reflection coefficient results of the present invention.

Fig. 7 is a gain plot of the present invention.

Fig. 8 is a pattern diagram of the E-plane and H-plane of the present invention operating at 5 GHz.

FIG. 9 is a pattern diagram of the E-plane and H-plane of the present invention operating at 7 GHz;

FIG. 10 is a pattern diagram of the E-plane and H-plane of the present invention operating at 9 GHz;

FIG. 11 is a pattern for the E-plane and H-plane of the present invention operating at 11 GHz.

In the figure, 1 is a dielectric plate, 2 is a top layer grounding surface, 3 is a microstrip transmission line I, and 4 is a microstrip transmission line II.

Detailed Description

The present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

A3D arch ultra-wideband Vivaldi antenna comprises a dielectric plate 1, a grounding plate 2, a first microstrip transmission line 3 and a second microstrip transmission line 4; the top grounding plate 2 is attached to the top layer of the dielectric plate 1, and the first microstrip transmission line 3 and the second microstrip transmission line 4 are attached to the bottom layer of the dielectric plate 1.

The length L1 of the medium plate 1 is 155.7mm +/-1 mm, the width W1 is 70mm +/-1 mm, and the thickness H1 is 0.78mm +/-0.1 mm; the thickness H2 of the grounding plate 2 is 0.0175mm +/-0.1 mm; the thickness H3 of the first microstrip transmission line 3 and the second microstrip transmission line 4 is 0.0175mm +/-0.1 mm.

The dielectric plate 1 is made of Taconic TLY-5 material, the dielectric constant is 2.2, the loss tangent is 0.0009, and the thickness is 0.78 mm.

Rectangular gaps are arranged on two sides of the radiation arm of the grounding plate 2.

The number of the rectangular gaps is 60, and the rectangular gaps are uniformly distributed.

The dielectric plate is formed by a rectangular substrate and index-type gap structures are respectively arranged on the left side and the right side of the rectangular substrate;

a layer of grounding plate is attached to the top of the dielectric plate;

the ground plate is provided with a circular gap and a rectangular gap, and the two sides of the radiation arm are provided with the rectangular gaps which are regularly arranged;

two microstrip transmission lines are arranged on the bottom surface of the dielectric plate; the microstrip transmission line is composed of a fan-shaped structure, a triangle structure, 2 trapezoids with different sizes and 2 rectangular structures with different sizes, the central angle of the fan-shaped structure is connected with the vertex angle of the triangle, the bottom edge of the triangle is connected with the smaller rectangle through one smaller trapezoid, and the smaller rectangle is connected with the larger rectangle through the other trapezoid;

the invention relates to a 3D arched ultra-wideband Vivaldi antenna, which is not bent, as shown in figure 1, 1 is a dielectric plate, an exponential curve slot with an L point as a starting point and an M point as an end point is removed from a rectangular dielectric plate, wherein a curve function is that y is C₁e^Kx+C₂Wherein K is 0.05, 2 is a grounding plate, the size of the grounding plate is the same as that of the dielectric plate, a gap structure formed by a circular gap and rectangular gaps on the left side and the right side of the circular gap is removed from the center of the grounding plate, two rectangular gaps with the same structure are removed from the upper side and the lower side of the grounding plate, and 60 rectangular slot lines which are uniformly arranged are removed from the two sides of the radiation arm;

as shown in fig. 2, two microstrip transmission lines one 3 and two 4 with the same size and dimension are placed on the bottom surface of the radiating arm, the tail ends of the microstrip transmission lines one 3 and two 4 are aligned with the edge of the dielectric slab 1, and the microstrip transmission lines one 3 and two 4 feed to the slot line through the dielectric slab;

as shown in fig. 3, it is a schematic diagram of a microstrip transmission line one, the microstrip transmission line is composed of a sector, a triangle, 2 trapezoids with different sizes and 2 rectangular structures with different sizes, the central angle of the sector is connected with the vertex angle of the triangle, the bottom edge of the triangle is connected with the smaller rectangle through one smaller trapezoid, and the smaller rectangle is connected with the larger rectangle through the other trapezoid;

as shown in fig. 4, which is a side view of the antenna when it is not bent, the top ground plate 2 is attached to the top layer of the dielectric plate 1, and the first microstrip transmission line 3 and the second microstrip transmission line 4 are attached to the bottom layer of the dielectric plate 1.

As shown in fig. 5, the 3D arched Vivaldi antenna pattern is formed by bending the left and right sides of a horizontally placed antenna 90 degrees in the positive direction of the Z axis along the AC and BD directions, then bending the left half of the antenna of the XZ plane in the positive direction of the X axis along the EG direction to form a quarter arc with a 13mm center, and bending the right half of the antenna of the XZ plane in the negative direction of the X axis along the FH direction to form a quarter arc with a 13mm center.

The length L1 of the medium plate is 155.7mm +/-1 mm, the width W1 is 70mm +/-1 mm, and the thickness H1 is 0.78mm +/-0.1 mm;

the length L2 of the horizontal part AB of the medium plate is 26.8mm +/-1 mm, and the length L3 of the vertical part AE is 44mm +/-1 mm;

the width W2 of the starting slot line of the index slot line of the dielectric slab is 1mm +/-1 mm, the width W3 of the tail slot line of the dielectric slab is 59.5mm +/-1 mm, and the length L4 of the index slot line is 60 +/-1 mm;

the length L5 of the rectangular gap of the grounding plate is 10 +/-1 mm, and the width W4 of the rectangular gap of the grounding plate is 22.4mm +/-0.1 mm;

the diameter R1 of the circular gap of the grounding plate is 11.2 +/-1 mm;

the length of a rectangular gap connected with the circular gap on the grounding plate is L6 and is 8.2 +/-1 mm;

the length L7 of rectangular gaps evenly distributed on the upper side and the lower side of the grounding plate is 2 +/-1 mm, the width W5 of the rectangular gaps is 7mm +/-0.1 mm, and the length L8 between the gaps is 2 +/-1 mm;

the length L9 of the rectangle of the feed microstrip line 3 coinciding with the edge of the dielectric plate is 19.3mm +/-0.1 mm, and the width W6 is 1.8mm +/-0.1 mm;

the length L10 from the starting point to the central point of the circular arc of the fan-shaped patch of the feed microstrip line 3 is 2mm +/-0.1 mm, and the width W7 is 0.75mm +/-0.1 mm;

the width L11 of the triangular patch of the feed microstrip line 3 is 3mm +/-0.1 mm, the height W8 is 14.5mm +/-0.1 mm, and the height W9 of the trapezoidal patch connected with the triangular patch is 0.5mm +/-0.1 mm;

the length L12 of the rectangular patch of the feed microstrip line 3 is 3.6mm +/-0.1 mm, the width W10 is 1mm +/-0.1 mm, and the height W11 of the trapezoidal patch connected with the rectangular patch is 0.5mm +/-0.1 mm;

the thickness H1 of the medium plate 1 is 0.78mm +/-0.1 mm;

the thickness H2 of the grounding plate 2 is 0.0175mm +/-0.1 mm;

the thicknesses H3 of the first microstrip transmission line 3 and the second microstrip transmission line 4 are 0.0175mm +/-0.1 mm;

the dielectric plate 1 is preferably made of Taconic TLY-5 material, and has a dielectric constant of 2.2, a loss tangent of 0.0009 and a thickness of 0.78 mm.

A manufacturing method of a 3D arch ultra-wide Vivaldi antenna is characterized in that a dielectric plate 1 is bent into a 3D arch from a plane, and the manufacturing method comprises the following steps:

step 1, bending the left half part of a dielectric plate 1 by 90 degrees along the AB direction to the positive direction of a Z axis, and then bending the right half part of the dielectric plate 1 by 90 degrees along the CD direction to the positive direction of the Z axis;

and 2, bending the left half part of the dielectric plate on the XZ plane along EG to the positive direction of the X axis to form a quarter arc with the center of 13mm, and bending the right half part of the dielectric plate on the XZ plane along FH to the negative direction of the X axis to form a quarter arc with the center of 13 mm.

Fig. 6 shows the input reflection coefficient of a 3D ultra-wideband Vivaldi antenna according to the present invention, which is a main performance characteristic of the antenna. As can be seen from fig. 5, the operating bandwidth of the antenna is 4-14GHz, and the relative bandwidth is 111%.

Fig. 7 is a gain curve of a 3D arcuate ultra-wideband Vivaldi antenna of the present invention, gain also being a major performance characteristic of the antenna. As can be seen from fig. 7, the gain peak of the antenna can reach 10 dBi.

FIG. 8 is the E-plane and H-plane directional diagrams of a 3D arched ultra-wideband Vivaldi antenna of the present invention operating at 5 GHz; FIG. 9 is the E-plane and H-plane directional diagrams of a 3D arched ultra-wideband Vivaldi antenna of the present invention operating at 7 GHz; FIG. 10 is the E-plane and H-plane directional patterns of a 3D arched ultra-wideband Vivaldi antenna of the present invention operating at 9 GHz; fig. 11 is a directional diagram of the E-plane and H-plane of the 3D arched ultra-wideband Vivaldi antenna of the present invention operating at 11GHz, and it can be seen from the directional diagrams of the E-plane and H-plane of the antenna in four frequency bands of fig. 8, 9, 10, and 11 that the antenna has good radiation characteristics and a good signal receiving range.