阅读说明：本技术 一种利用船舶脱硫废水能量的推进系统及方法 (Propelling system and method utilizing energy of ship desulfurization wastewater ) 是由 李博洋 杨庆勇 杨化林 杨倩倩 张瑞 吕竞泽 郭超 于 2020-07-16 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明公开了一种利用船舶脱硫废水能量的推进系统及方法,该系统包括脱硫系统、废水推进系统、废水推进管路调节系统。由于脱硫塔距海平面的高度较高,开式脱硫系统用于脱硫的海水流量大,所以为利用脱硫塔中洗涤废气的废水中含有的机械能,本发明设计了废水推进系统将这些机械能进行利用,为船舶的航行提供部分推进力,降低船舶的燃油消耗。本发明中所述的废水推进管路调节系统保证了船舶在航行过程中,废水从废水喷口处能够水平喷出,最大化利用废水中蕴含的机械能,提升能量转化率,为避免废水喷口处喷出的废水不连续,本发明提供了废水喷口内径的计算方法。且由于开式脱硫系统的市场占有率较高,本发明的应用前景广阔,实际意义较大。(The invention discloses a propulsion system and a propulsion method by utilizing ship desulfurization waste water energy. Because the height of the desulfurizing tower from the sea level is higher, and the flow of seawater used for desulfurizing by the open desulfurizing system is large, in order to utilize the mechanical energy contained in the waste water for washing the waste gas in the desulfurizing tower, the invention designs the waste water propulsion system to utilize the mechanical energy, thereby providing partial propulsive force for the navigation of the ship and reducing the fuel consumption of the ship. The wastewater propulsion pipeline adjusting system ensures that wastewater can be horizontally sprayed out from the wastewater nozzle in the sailing process of a ship, the mechanical energy contained in the wastewater is utilized to the maximum extent, the energy conversion rate is improved, and the method for calculating the inner diameter of the wastewater nozzle is provided for avoiding the discontinuity of the wastewater sprayed out of the wastewater nozzle. And because the market share of the open type desulfurization system is higher, the invention has wide application prospect and larger practical significance.)

1. A propulsion system using ship desulfurization wastewater energy is characterized in that: the device comprises a valve box (1), a sea water pump (2), a desulfurizing tower inlet (3), a desulfurizing tower (4), a wastewater collecting port (5), a wastewater pipeline (6), a hose inlet (6a), a hose (7), a wastewater spray pipe (8), a wastewater spray pipe inlet (8a), a sphere (8b), a fixed ring (8c), a rotating screw (8d), a screw fixing seat (8e), a fixed pin (8f), a rotating wheel (8g), a wastewater nozzle (8h) and a sphere end cover (8i), and can be divided into a desulfurizing system, a wastewater propulsion system and a wastewater propulsion pipeline adjusting system;

the desulfurization system includes: the device comprises a valve box (1), a seawater pump (2), a desulfurizing tower inlet (3), a desulfurizing tower (4), a wastewater collecting port (5) and a wastewater pipeline (6);

the wastewater propulsion system includes: a hose inlet (6a), a hose (7), a waste water spray pipe (8), a waste water spray pipe inlet (8a) and a waste water nozzle (8 h);

the wastewater propulsion line conditioning system comprises: spheroid (8b), retainer plate (8c), rotation screw rod (8d), screw rod fixing base (8e), fixed pin (8f), runner (8g), spheroid end cover (8 i).

2. The propulsion system using the energy of the desulfurization waste water of the ship as set forth in claim 1, wherein: the waste water spray pipe (8) is a sphere at a position close to the waste water nozzle (8h), the fixing ring (8c) is sleeved on the waste water spray pipe (8), a spherical groove is formed in the ship body and can be matched with the sphere (8b), the sphere (8b) is not rigidly connected with the ship body, the sphere end cover (8i) is used for fixing the sphere (8b) on the ship body, and an approximate hemispherical groove is formed in the sphere end cover (8i) and is matched with the sphere (8 b).

3. The propulsion system using the energy of the desulfurization waste water of the ship as set forth in claim 1, wherein: the middle of the sphere (8b) is provided with a through hole with the same inner diameter as the waste water spray pipe (8), and waste water sprayed out of the waste water spray pipe (8) can be discharged out of the ship through the sphere (8b) through the waste water nozzle (8 h).

4. A propulsion method using energy of desulfurization waste water of a ship, using the system as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: the screw fixing seat (8e) is rigidly fixed on a ship, the rotating screw (8d) is screwed on the screw fixing seat (8e), the rotating wheel (8g) is rigidly connected with the upper end of the rotating screw (8d), the rotating wheel (8g) can control the rotating screw (8d) to move upwards or downwards relative to the screw fixing seat (8e), the lower end of the rotating screw (8d) is matched with the fixed ring (8c) through the fixed pin (8f), when the rotating wheel (8g) rotates clockwise or anticlockwise, the waste water spray pipe (8) can be pushed or pulled to move downwards or upwards around the hose (7), so that the direction of the waste water spray nozzle (8h) is adjusted to be horizontal before the ship sails, and when the ship sails, seawater is pumped by the seawater pump (2), and is sent into the desulfurizing tower (4) through the pressurization of the seawater pump (2) by the valve box (1), seawater is sprayed at an inlet (3) of a desulfurizing tower, the seawater moves from top to bottom under the action of gravity, at the moment, exhaust gas discharged by a marine diesel engine enters the desulfurizing tower (4) from bottom to top and reacts with the seawater from top to bottom, the seawater after the exhaust gas is washed becomes wastewater, the wastewater firstly enters a wastewater collecting port (5) of the desulfurizing tower (4), then enters a hose (7) from a hose inlet (6a) along a wastewater pipeline (6), then enters a wastewater spray pipe (8) through a wastewater spray pipe inlet (8a), and finally the desulfurized seawater is discharged into the sea through a ball body (8b) and a wastewater spray nozzle (8h), as the height of the desulfurizing tower (4) from the horizontal plane is higher, part of the potential energy in the wastewater is converted into kinetic energy under the action of gravity, the wastewater has higher speed at the wastewater spray nozzle (8h), and the wastewater is sprayed backwards, the ship can be enabled to generate forward thrust.

5. The propulsion method using the energy of the desulfurization waste water of the ship as claimed in claim 4, wherein: the waste water nozzle (8h) is the water outlet end of the waste water spray pipe (8) and is positioned above the propeller tail shaft, the axis of the waste water spray pipe (8) is a straight line, the straight line passes through the centerline plane of the ship, and the waste water nozzle (8h) is always positioned below the water surface no matter the ship sails in full load or in no load.

6. The propulsion method using the energy of the desulfurization waste water of the ship as claimed in claim 4, wherein: the inner diameter D of the waste water nozzle (8h) can be represented by the formula (5)

Determining, wherein:

d is the inner diameter of the waste water nozzle (8h), m; q is the flow of waste water in waste water spray tube (8) when boats and ships constant speed is sailed, unit: m is³S; g is the acceleration of gravity, m/s²△ h is the height difference between the waste water collecting port (5) and the sea level when the ship is unloaded, m is the hydraulic efficiency of the fluid η.

Technical Field

The invention belongs to the technical field of ships, and particularly relates to a propulsion system and a propulsion method by utilizing ship desulfurization wastewater energy.

Background

With the increasing importance of the international society on the environment, the pace of energy conservation and emission reduction of people is continuously accelerated, and various countries in the world advocate the green development by taking measures. In the shipping industry, the International Maritime Organization (IMO) has put higher demands on the emissions of ships for the realization of "green" ships, stipulating: the sulfur content in the exhaust gas discharged by the ship is not more than 0.5% from 1 month and 1 day in 2020. At present, more than 90% of ships use diesel engines as main power devices, and use cheap heavy oil with high sulfur content as main fuel oil, so that the purpose of reducing cost is achieved by burning the heavy oil, but a large amount of sulfur-containing waste gas is generated, and great influence is caused on the environment. Therefore, in the face of such strict sulfur limit, the ship owners have taken measures to reduce sulfur oxides in the exhaust gas.

The most widely used desulfurization method on ships is to install a desulfurization tower waste gas cleaning system (EGCS) on ships, wherein the EGCS comprises an open desulfurization system, a closed desulfurization system and a mixed desulfurization system, the open desulfurization system directly pumps seawater in the ocean into the desulfurization tower and realizes spraying in the desulfurization tower, the seawater reacts with flue gas flowing through the desulfurization tower, the desulfurized flue gas is directly discharged into the atmosphere, and the seawater solution neutralized with sulfides is changed into wastewater which is discharged downwards to the sea. Because of the reasons of no need of adding chemical agents, simple system, easy management and the like, the open type desulfurization system becomes the most popular desulfurization mode at the present stage, and 80 percent of ships adopt the open type desulfurization system for desulfurization at present.

Meanwhile, the installation position of the ship desulfurizing tower on the ship is high, the height of the desulfurizing tower on a large bulk cargo ship from the sea level can reach 20m generally, and in addition, the power of a main engine of the ship is high, and the exhaust gas generated by fuel oil is much, so the flow rate of seawater supplied to the desulfurizing tower for washing the exhaust gas is large, and is about 1000m generally³H is used as the reference value. For the container ship with higher freeboard, the height of the desulfurizing tower on the container ship is up to sea level30m, the power of the main engine of the large container ship is larger, and the flow of the seawater supplied to the desulfurizing tower for washing the waste gas can exceed 2000m³H is used as the reference value. When the ship sails in the sea, the open desulfurization system is always in an operating state, so that the seawater used for washing the waste gas in the desulfurization tower contains larger mechanical energy. In general, the waste water generated after the waste gas is washed in the open desulfurization system is often directly discharged from the side of the ship into the sea, and the mechanical energy contained in the waste water is not reasonably and effectively utilized, so that the energy is wasted. Therefore, if a large amount of mechanical energy contained in the desulfurization wastewater with high height and large flow in the desulfurization tower can be utilized for water jet propulsion of the ship, partial propulsive force is provided for navigation of the ship, navigation aid of the ship is realized, fuel consumption of the ship can be reduced, and economy of the ship is improved. In addition, because the open type desulfurization system becomes the mainstream desulfurization system at present, the method has very wide application prospect and greater practical significance.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention provides a propulsion system and a propulsion method by utilizing the energy of the ship desulfurization wastewater, aiming at the problems, and the propulsion system and the propulsion method utilize a large amount of mechanical energy contained in the ship desulfurization wastewater to assist the navigation of a ship, so that the energy consumption of the ship is reduced, and the economy of the ship is improved.

A first object of the present invention is to propose a propulsion system using the energy of the desulfurization waste water of a ship, comprising: desulfurization system, waste water propulsion pipeline governing system.

The desulfurization system includes: valve box, sea water pump, desulfurizing tower entry, desulfurizing tower, waste water collection mouth, waste water pipeline.

The wastewater propulsion system includes: hose inlet, hose, waste water spray tube entry, waste water spout.

The wastewater propulsion line conditioning system comprises: the ball body, the retainer plate, the rotating screw, the screw fixing seat, the fixing pin, the rotating wheel and the ball body end cover.

In the desulfurization system, the wastewater collection port is positioned at the bottom of the ship desulfurization tower.

The hose is respectively connected with the waste water pipeline and the waste water spray pipe, and the waste water pipeline and the waste water spray pipe are rigid pipelines.

The waste water spray pipe is a sphere at the position close to the waste water spray pipe, the fixing ring is sleeved on the waste water spray pipe, and the ship body is provided with a spherical groove which can be just matched with the sphere, but the sphere is not rigidly connected with the ship body. The sphere end cover is used for fixing the sphere on the ship body.

The middle of the ball body is provided with a through hole with the same inner diameter as the waste water spray pipe, and waste water sprayed out of the waste water spray pipe can be discharged out of the ship through the ball body through the waste water nozzle.

The screw fixing seat is rigidly fixed on the ship, and the rotating screw is screwed on the screw fixing seat.

The second purpose of the invention is to provide a propulsion method by utilizing the energy of the desulfurization wastewater of the ship based on the system.

In the method, the rotating wheel is rigidly connected with the upper end of the rotating screw, and the rotation of the rotating wheel can control the rotating screw to move upwards or downwards relative to the screw fixing seat. The lower end of the rotating screw rod is matched with the fixing ring through a fixing pin. When the rotating wheel rotates clockwise or anticlockwise, the waste water spray pipe can be pushed or pulled to move downwards or upwards around the hose, so that the direction of the waste water spray opening is adjusted.

Furthermore, the waste water nozzle is the water outlet end of the waste water spray pipe and is positioned above the propeller tail shaft. The axis of the waste water spray pipe is a straight line, and the straight line passes through the centerline plane of the ship, so that the waste water nozzle is always positioned below the water surface no matter the ship is in full-load navigation or no-load navigation.

Furthermore, in order to utilize the mechanical energy in the desulfurization wastewater of the ship to the maximum, the position of the wastewater spray pipe needs to be adjusted before sailing, so that the direction of the wastewater sprayed from the wastewater spray opening is ensured to be the horizontal direction when the ship sails.

When the ship sails, the seawater is pumped by the seawater pump, pressurized by the seawater pump through the valve box and sent into the desulfurizing tower. The seawater is sprayed at the inlet of the desulfurizing tower and moves from top to bottom under the action of gravity. At the moment, the exhaust gas discharged by the marine diesel engine enters the desulfurizing tower from bottom to top and reacts with seawater from top to bottom, the washed exhaust gas continuously goes upwards and is discharged into the atmosphere, the seawater after the exhaust gas is washed becomes wastewater which firstly enters a wastewater collecting port of the desulfurizing tower, then enters a hose from a hose inlet along a wastewater pipeline, then enters a wastewater spray pipe from an inlet of the wastewater spray pipe, and finally the wastewater is discharged into the sea through a ball body and a wastewater spray nozzle. Because the height of the desulfurizing tower from the horizontal plane is higher, partial potential energy in the wastewater is converted into kinetic energy under the action of gravity, and the wastewater has higher speed at a wastewater spout. And the waste water is sprayed to the back of the ship, so that the ship can generate forward thrust, and the thrust can provide partial propulsive force for the navigation of the ship and reduce the fuel consumption of the ship.

Furthermore, when the ship sails in an idle load, the height difference △ h between the wastewater collection port of the desulfurizing tower and the sea level is larger than that when the ship is in a full load state, under the condition, according to a flow continuity equation of a fluid, the wastewater is more easily cut off in the wastewater spray pipe, so that the wastewater sprayed from the wastewater spray port is discontinuous, and the propulsion efficiency of the wastewater is reduced_c。

According to the conservation of energy:

obtaining:

in the formula:

m-mass of fluid, kg;

g-acceleration of gravity, m/s²；

Delta h is the height difference m from the waste water collecting port to the sea level when the ship is in no load;

eta-hydraulic efficiency of the fluid;

v-water flow velocity at the wastewater spout, m/s;

according to a calculation formula of the flow:

in the formula:

q-waste water flow at the waste water spout, m³/s；

A-area of cross section at the waste water spout, m²；

D_c-critical inner diameter of the waste spout, m;

substituting the formula (2) into the formula (3) to obtain:

at this time, the inner diameter D of the waste water spout:

in the formula:

d is the inner diameter of the waste water nozzle, m.

The invention has the beneficial effects that:

1. the invention can realize the utilization of mechanical energy contained in the wastewater of the ship desulfurization in the ship navigation process, convert a large amount of potential energy in the wastewater into partial propulsive force of the ship, reduce the fuel consumption of the ship, realize the energy conservation and emission reduction of the ship and improve the economy of the ship.

2. The wastewater propulsion pipeline adjusting system ensures that the wastewater can be horizontally sprayed out from the wastewater spout in the sailing process of the ship, so that the potential energy contained in the wastewater is utilized to the maximum extent, and the energy conversion rate is improved.

3. In the invention, the wastewater is discharged near the stern, and due to the existence of the stern propeller, the wastewater can be more quickly and sufficiently mixed with the surrounding seawater, so that the pollution to the seawater near the wastewater discharge caused by the slow diffusion speed is reduced.

4. The method is simple, easy to realize and simple in device maintenance, and the market share of the open type desulfurization system is higher, so that the method has wide application prospect and great practical significance.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a desulfurization system in accordance with the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a diagrammatic side view of the system of the present invention;

FIG. 3 is an isometric view of a wastewater propulsion line conditioning system;

FIG. 4 is an isometric view of the waste propulsion line adjustment system from another perspective;

FIG. 5 is a schematic view of the connection near the hose;

FIG. 6 is an exploded view of the attachment of the wastewater lance to the hull;

FIG. 7 is an isometric view of the waste propulsion line adjustment system after adjustment of position;

FIG. 8 is an isometric view from another perspective of the wastewater propulsion line adjustment system after adjustment of position;

FIG. 9 is a schematic view of the hose connection in proximity after adjustment of the position;

in the drawings: 1. a valve box; 2. a sea water pump; 3. an inlet of a desulfurizing tower; 4. a desulfurizing tower; 5. a waste water collection port; 6. a waste water conduit; 6a. a hose inlet; 7. a hose; 8. a waste water spray pipe; 8a, a waste water spray pipe inlet; 8b, a sphere; 8c, a fixed ring; 8d, rotating the screw; 8e, fixing the screw rod; 8f, a fixing pin; 8g, rotating wheels; 8h, a waste water nozzle; sphere end cap 8i.

Detailed Description

In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent, the present invention will be described in further detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples.

A propulsion system for utilizing energy from the desulfurization waste water of a ship, comprising: valve box (1), sea water pump (2), desulfurizing tower entry (3), desulfurizing tower (4), waste water collection mouth (5), waste water pipeline (6), hose entry (6a), hose (7), waste water spray tube (8), waste water spray tube entry (8a), spheroid (8b), retainer plate (8c), rotation screw rod (8d), screw rod fixing base (8e), fixed pin (8f), runner (8g), waste water spout (8h), spheroid end cover (8i), can divide into desulfurization system, waste water propulsion system and waste water propulsion pipeline governing system.

Wherein, as shown in fig. 1, the desulfurization system comprises: the device comprises a valve box (1), a sea water pump (2), a desulfurizing tower inlet (3), a desulfurizing tower (4), a wastewater collecting port (5) and a wastewater pipeline (6).

The wastewater propulsion system includes: hose inlet (6a), hose (7), waste water spout (8), waste water spout inlet (8a) and waste water spout (8h), as shown in fig. 2, 3, 4 and 5.

The wastewater propulsion line conditioning system comprises: sphere (8b), retainer plate (8c), rotating screw (8d), screw fixing seat (8e), fixing pin (8f), runner (8g), sphere end cover (8i), as shown in fig. 3 and fig. 4.

In the desulfurization system, the wastewater collection port (5) is positioned at the bottom of the ship desulfurization tower (4).

The hose (7) is connected to a waste water pipe (6) and a waste water nozzle (8), respectively, as shown in fig. 5. The waste water pipeline (6) and the waste water spray pipe (8) are rigid pipelines.

As shown in fig. 6, the wastewater spraying pipe (8) is a sphere near the wastewater spraying port (8h), the fixing ring (8c) is sleeved on the wastewater spraying pipe (8), the ship body is provided with a spherical groove which can be matched with the sphere (8b), but the sphere (8b) is not rigidly connected with the ship body, the sphere end cover (8i) is used for fixing the sphere (8b) on the ship body, and the sphere end cover (8i) is internally provided with an approximately hemispherical groove which is matched with the sphere (8 b).

The middle of the sphere (8b) is provided with a through hole with the same inner diameter as the waste water spray pipe (8), and waste water sprayed out of the waste water spray pipe (8) can be discharged out of the ship through the sphere (8b) through the waste water nozzle (8 h). The ball body (8b) is used for ensuring the sealing performance near the waste water nozzle (8h) and preventing seawater from entering the ship from the connection position when the position of the waste water spray pipe (8) is adjusted.

The screw fixing seat (8e) is rigidly fixed on the ship, and the rotating screw (8d) is screwed on the screw fixing seat (8 e).

Runner (8g) and rotation screw rod (8d) upper end rigid connection, the rotation of runner (8g) can control and rotate screw rod (8d) and upwards or move down for screw rod fixing base (8 e). The lower end of the rotating screw (8d) is matched with the fixed ring (8c) through a fixed pin (8 f). When the rotating wheel (8g) rotates clockwise or anticlockwise, the waste water spray pipe (8) can be pushed or pulled to move downwards or upwards around the hose (7), so that the direction of the waste water spray opening (8h) is adjusted.

The waste water nozzle (8h) is the water outlet end of the waste water spray pipe (8) and is positioned above the propeller tail shaft, and no matter how the direction of the waste water nozzle (8h) is adjusted, the axis of the waste water spray pipe (8) is a straight line which passes through the centerline plane of the ship.

In order to maximize the utilization of mechanical energy in the desulfurization wastewater of the ship, the position of the wastewater spray pipe (8) is usually adjusted before the ship is launched so as to ensure that the direction of the wastewater sprayed from the wastewater spray nozzle (8h) is horizontal when the ship is launched. Normally, when the ship sails in an idle state, a slight tail dip exists, and at the moment, as shown in fig. 7 and 8, the rotating wheel (8g) can be rotated clockwise to push the waste water spray pipe (8) to move downwards around the hose (7), so that the direction of the waste water spray nozzle (8h) is controlled to keep a certain included angle theta with the base plane of the ship, as shown in fig. 9, and the waste water sprayed out of the waste water spray nozzle (8h) is ensured to be horizontal. No matter the ship sails in full load or in no load, the waste water nozzle (8h) is always below the water surface.

When the ship sails, seawater is pumped by the seawater pump (2) from the valve box (1) and is pressurized by the seawater pump (2) and sent into the desulfurizing tower (4), the seawater is sprayed at the inlet (3) of the desulfurizing tower, and the seawater moves from top to bottom under the action of gravity. At the moment, the exhaust gas discharged by the marine diesel engine enters the desulfurizing tower (4) from bottom to top and reacts with seawater from top to bottom, the seawater after the exhaust gas is washed becomes wastewater which firstly enters a wastewater collecting port (5) of the desulfurizing tower (4), then enters a hose (7) from a hose inlet (6a) along a wastewater pipeline (6), then enters a wastewater spray pipe (8) through a wastewater spray pipe inlet (8a), and finally the desulfurized seawater is discharged into the sea through a sphere (8b) and a wastewater spray nozzle (8 h). Because the height of the desulfurizing tower (4) from the horizontal plane is higher, partial potential energy in the wastewater is converted into kinetic energy under the action of gravity, and the wastewater has higher speed at the wastewater nozzle (8 h). And the waste water is sprayed to the back of the ship, so that the ship generates forward thrust, partial propulsive force is provided for the navigation of the ship, and the fuel consumption of the ship is reduced.

Shipping in empty loadWhen the waste water jet type desulfurization tower is in operation, the height difference △ h between the waste water collecting port (5) and the sea level in the desulfurization tower (4) is larger than that when the desulfurization tower is fully loaded, under the condition, according to a flow continuity equation of fluid, the waste water is more easily cut off in the waste water jet pipe (8), so that the waste water jetted from the waste water jet nozzle (8h) is discontinuous, and the propulsion efficiency of the waste water is reduced_c。

According to the conservation of energy:

obtaining:

in the formula:

m-mass of fluid, kg;

g-acceleration of gravity, m/s²；

Delta h is the height difference m from the wastewater collection port (5) to the sea level when the ship is in no load;

eta-hydraulic efficiency of the fluid;

v-water flow velocity at the waste water nozzle (8h), m/s;

according to a calculation formula of the flow:

in the formula:

q-waste water flow at the waste water nozzle (8h), m³/s；

A-area of cross section at the wastewater spout (8h), m²；

D_c-critical inner diameter, m, of the waste water spout (8 h);

substituting the formula (2) into the formula (3) to obtain:

at this time, the inner diameter D of the waste water spout:

in the formula:

d is the inner diameter of the waste water nozzle (8h), m.

The foregoing is merely a preferred embodiment of the present invention and the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the invention and are not intended to be limiting. It should be noted that modifications and adaptations may occur to those skilled in the art without departing from the principles of the present invention and should be considered within the scope of the present invention.