阅读说明：本技术 一种生物质颗粒燃料制备方法 (Preparation method of biomass granular fuel ) 是由 李奕 马跃坤 段永俏 杨银东 马桂琴 康国瑞 于 2020-06-08 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明公开了一种生物质颗粒燃料制备方法,涉及生物燃料领域,包括以下步骤：步骤一：准备松木、秸秆、樟木、稻壳,将木质原料放置在存储仓内,混合后将甲虫放置进入存储仓内,甲虫与木质原料一起生活7-12天；步骤二：将木质原料取出,放置进入发酵仓内进行发酵,发酵完毕后将其取出。本发明通过将亚洲天牛与木质原料放置在一起,利用亚洲天牛对木质原料中的木质素进行分解和发酵,实现了亚洲天牛可以分解木质素,这种甲虫能将树木的木质素分解,留下由葡萄糖构成的糖类纤维素,葡萄糖被分解成小块,继而发酵生成乙醇,木质原料中存在乙醇,可以大大提高生物质颗粒的可燃性,使得生物质颗粒燃烧效果更好。(The invention discloses a preparation method of biomass pellet fuel, which relates to the field of biofuel and comprises the following steps: the method comprises the following steps: preparing pine, straw, camphorwood and rice hull, placing the wood raw materials in a storage bin, mixing, placing beetles in the storage bin, and living the beetles and the wood raw materials together for 7-12 days; step two: taking out the wood raw material, placing the wood raw material into a fermentation bin for fermentation, and taking out the wood raw material after the fermentation is finished. According to the invention, the Asian longicorn and the wood raw material are placed together, and the lignin in the wood raw material is decomposed and fermented by the Asian longicorn, so that the lignin can be decomposed by the Asian longicorn, the beetle can decompose the lignin of the tree, carbohydrate cellulose formed by glucose is left, the glucose is decomposed into small blocks, and then the small blocks are fermented to generate ethanol, and the ethanol exists in the wood raw material, so that the flammability of biomass particles can be greatly improved, and the combustion effect of the biomass particles is better.)

1. The preparation method of the biomass granular fuel is characterized by comprising the following steps of:

the method comprises the following steps: preparing pine, straw, camphorwood and rice hull, placing the wood raw materials in a storage bin, mixing, placing beetles in the storage bin, and living the beetles and the wood raw materials together for 7-12 days;

step two: taking out the wood raw material, placing the wood raw material into a fermentation bin for fermentation, and taking out the wood raw material after the fermentation is finished;

step three: after the wooden raw material is taken out, the following auxiliary materials are added into the wooden raw material, including: 10-20 parts of animal waste, 10-20 parts of bamboo charcoal, 20-40 parts of anthracite, 10-20 parts of binder and 5-10 parts of epoxy resin; 5-10 parts by mass of foaming agent, pretreating the epoxy resin and the foaming agent, and mixing and stirring the treated material and all raw materials;

step four: conveying the stirred materials to the inside of a drying and carbonizing machine for drying, and then briquetting;

step five: after briquetting is finished, cooling the biomass particles;

step six: and after cooling, screening the biomass particles to obtain finished biomass particles.

2. The method for preparing the biomass granular fuel according to claim 1, is characterized in that: prepare pine, straw, camphorwood, rice husk in step one, place wooden raw materials in the storage storehouse, before placing in the storage storehouse again, need sieve pine, straw, camphorwood, rice husk and dry, wherein include:

s1: in order to not influence the production of fuel, pine, straw, camphor wood and rice hull need to prepare enough raw materials, and the production requirement of the raw materials is at least ensured for about 15 days;

s2: then, pine, straw, camphorwood and rice husk are respectively crushed and screened, the raw materials are conveyed to a screening machine through a packing auger conveyor to be screened, and larger wood blocks or sundries such as wooden nails, soil and the like are screened;

s3: after being screened, the mixture is conveyed to a drum dryer through a screw conveyor and dried through hot air;

s4: after the material is dried, a large amount of moisture may be contaminated during the transfer, and thus the moisture needs to be removed through the cyclone.

3. The method for preparing the biomass granular fuel according to claim 1, is characterized in that: in the first step, beetles are placed into a storage bin, the beetles and wood raw materials live for 7-12 days together, the beetles adopt Asian longicorn beetles, 10-15 Asian longicorn beetles are put into each square meter of the tiled raw materials, a closed storage bin is not adopted in the period, and the longicorn beetles can normally live in the storage bin.

4. The method for preparing the biomass granular fuel according to claim 1, is characterized in that: and step two, taking out the wood raw material, placing the wood raw material into a fermentation bin for fermentation, and taking out the wood raw material after the fermentation is finished, wherein the step two comprises the step of separating the longicorn from the raw material, and carrying out closed fermentation on the wood raw material at the temperature of 70-85 ℃ for 15-18 days, and during the period, workers need to turn over every 3 days.

5. The method for preparing the biomass granular fuel according to claim 1, is characterized in that: after the wooden raw material is taken out in the third step, the following auxiliary materials are added into the wooden raw material, including: 10-20 parts of animal waste, 10-20 parts of bamboo charcoal, 20-40 parts of anthracite, 10-20 parts of binder and 5-10 parts of epoxy resin; 5-10 parts by mass of foaming agent, comprising the following steps:

s1: drying and crushing animal excrement, bamboo charcoal and anthracite according to a certain proportion, wherein the animal excrement is one or more of cow excrement, pig excrement and chicken excrement, mixing the animal excrement with other two raw materials, stirring, conveying the mixture into a drum dryer, drying the mixture by hot air, and crushing the dried mixture;

s2: taking epoxy resin, softening epoxy resin particles under the dissolving and expanding action of a strong solvent at normal temperature, creating conditions for foaming expansion of an internal foaming agent and pressure control, keeping a raw material in a liquid or plastic state with higher viscosity in a foaming container, adding the foaming agent into the container, standing for 3-4 hours, and stirring by using a stirrer to foam the raw material;

s3: mixing the material in the S1 with the material in the S2, stirring, adding a binder, and stirring by a stage heating method, wherein the temperature is controlled to be 70-90 ℃ in the first two hours, 90-120 ℃ in the middle two hours, 150 ℃ in the last three hours, and the rotating speed of the stirrer is controlled to be 80 revolutions per minute;

s4: stirring the materials for 7 hours, cooling, adding the wood raw materials into the materials, stirring again at normal temperature for 12-15 hours.

6. The method for preparing the biomass granular fuel according to claim 1, is characterized in that: in the fourth step, the stirred materials are conveyed to the inside of a drying and carbonizing machine for drying, and then are pressed into blocks, and the method comprises the following steps:

s1: firstly, materials are transported, and can be conveyed to corresponding drying equipment for drying by adopting a spiral conveyor, a packing auger conveyor and a lifter as required;

s2: the drying equipment generally adopts a roller type dryer, the mixed materials are dried by hot air, the drying temperature is controlled to be 70-90 ℃, the drying time is 2-3 hours, and then the materials can be transported to briquetting equipment by transportation equipment for briquetting;

s3: briquetting is carried out by adopting a cold pressing mode, and the cold pressing molding process is that when the lignin content of the raw material is low, a small amount of adhesive is doped in the molding process, so that the molded fuel keeps a given shape after being pressurized, after the adhesive is added, an adsorption layer is formed on the surface of the granular raw material, attractive force is generated among granules, and a continuous structure is formed among biomass particles.

7. The method for preparing the biomass granular fuel according to claim 1, is characterized in that: and after the briquetting in the fifth step is finished, cooling the biomass particles by adopting an air cooling mode for 2-3 hours, and standing the biomass particles in a vacuum environment after the cooling is finished.

8. The method for preparing the biomass granular fuel according to claim 1, is characterized in that: and cooling in the sixth step, screening the biomass particles to obtain finished biomass particles, screening the biomass fuel particles by using a vibrating screening machine, dropping the screened qualified particles onto a weighing machine for weighing, packaging and marking, and feeding the unqualified particles into an accommodating machine through a spiral feeding machine to prepare for briquetting again.

Technical Field

The invention relates to the field of biofuels, in particular to a preparation method of biomass granular fuel.

Background

Biofuel generally refers to solid, liquid or gas fuel composed or extracted from biomass, and can replace gasoline and diesel oil prepared from petroleum, and is an important direction for developing and utilizing renewable energy sources, and the biomass refers to various organisms generated by photosynthesis through utilizing the atmosphere, water, land and the like, namely all living organic substances which can grow, including plants, animals and microorganisms, and is different from traditional fuels such as petroleum, coal, nuclear energy and the like, and the emerging fuels are renewable fuels.

The biomass fuel which takes agricultural and forestry wastes such as straws, sawdust, bagasse, rice chaff and the like as main raw materials has the advantages of high efficiency, cleanness, no pollution and the like, but the biomass has the problems of low energy density, unstable combustion rate, low combustion efficiency and insufficient combustion, in addition, the biomass is easy to absorb moisture to cause damp and mildew, the existing biomass granular fuel cannot meet the damp and mildew prevention requirements, and the biomass granular fuel is easy to absorb damp and mildew after being stored for a long time.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to: the preparation method of the biomass granular fuel aims at solving the problems that the biomass is low in energy density and unstable in combustion rate, the combustion efficiency is low, the combustion is insufficient, in addition, the biomass is easy to absorb moisture and mildew, the existing biomass granular fuel cannot meet the requirements of moisture prevention and mildew prevention, and the biomass granular fuel is easy to absorb moisture and mildew after being stored for a long time.

In order to achieve the purpose, the invention provides the following technical scheme: a preparation method of biomass granular fuel comprises the following steps:

the method comprises the following steps: preparing pine, straw, camphorwood and rice hull, placing the wood raw materials in a storage bin, mixing, placing beetles in the storage bin, and living the beetles and the wood raw materials together for 7-12 days;

step two: taking out the wood raw material, placing the wood raw material into a fermentation bin for fermentation, and taking out the wood raw material after the fermentation is finished;

step three: after the wooden raw material is taken out, the following auxiliary materials are added into the wooden raw material, including: 10-20 parts of animal waste, 10-20 parts of bamboo charcoal, 20-40 parts of anthracite, 10-20 parts of binder and 5-10 parts of epoxy resin; 5-10 parts by mass of foaming agent, pretreating the epoxy resin and the foaming agent, and mixing and stirring the treated material and all raw materials;

step four: conveying the stirred materials to the inside of a drying and carbonizing machine for drying, and then briquetting;

step five: after briquetting is finished, cooling the biomass particles;

step six: and after cooling, screening the biomass particles to obtain finished biomass particles.

Preferably, prepare pine, straw, camphorwood, rice husk in step one, place wooden raw materials in the storage storehouse, before placing in the storage storehouse again, need sieve pine, straw, camphorwood, rice husk and dry, include wherein:

s1: in order to not influence the production of fuel, pine, straw, camphor wood and rice hull need to prepare enough raw materials, and the production requirement of the raw materials is at least ensured for about 15 days;

s2: then, pine, straw, camphorwood and rice husk are respectively crushed and screened, the raw materials are conveyed to a screening machine through a packing auger conveyor to be screened, and larger wood blocks or sundries such as wooden nails, soil and the like are screened;

s3: after being screened, the mixture is conveyed to a drum dryer through a screw conveyor and dried through hot air;

s4: after the material is dried, a large amount of moisture may be contaminated during the transfer, and thus the moisture needs to be removed through the cyclone.

Preferably, in the first step, the beetles are placed into a storage bin, the beetles live for 7-12 days together with the wood raw materials, the beetles adopt Asian longicorn, 10-15 Asian longicorn are thrown into each square meter of the tiled raw materials, and a closed storage bin is not adopted in the period, so that the longicorn can normally live in the storage bin.

Preferably, the wood raw material is taken out in the second step, placed into a fermentation bin for fermentation, and taken out after the fermentation is finished, the method comprises the steps of separating the longicorn from the raw material, carrying out closed fermentation on the wood raw material, controlling the temperature to be 70-85 ℃, and the fermentation time to be 15-18 days, wherein in the period, workers need to turn over every 3 days.

Preferably, after the wooden raw material is taken out in the third step, the following auxiliary materials are added into the wooden raw material, including: 10-20 parts of animal waste, 10-20 parts of bamboo charcoal, 20-40 parts of anthracite, 10-20 parts of binder and 5-10 parts of epoxy resin; 5-10 parts by mass of foaming agent, comprising the following steps:

s1: drying and crushing animal excrement, bamboo charcoal and anthracite according to a certain proportion, wherein the animal excrement is one or more of cow excrement, pig excrement and chicken excrement, mixing the animal excrement with other two raw materials, stirring, conveying the mixture into a drum dryer, drying the mixture by hot air, and crushing the dried mixture;

s2: taking epoxy resin, softening epoxy resin particles under the dissolving and expanding action of a strong solvent at normal temperature, creating conditions for foaming expansion of an internal foaming agent and pressure control, keeping a raw material in a liquid or plastic state with higher viscosity in a foaming container, adding the foaming agent into the container, standing for 3-4 hours, and stirring by using a stirrer to foam the raw material;

s3: mixing the material in the S1 with the material in the S2, stirring, adding a binder, and stirring by a stage heating method, wherein the temperature is controlled to be 70-90 ℃ in the first two hours, 90-120 ℃ in the middle two hours, 150 ℃ in the last three hours, and the rotating speed of the stirrer is controlled to be 80 revolutions per minute;

s4: stirring the materials for 7 hours, cooling, adding the wood raw materials into the materials, stirring again at normal temperature for 12-15 hours.

Preferably, in the fourth step, the stirred material is conveyed to the inside of a drying and carbonizing machine for drying, and then is briquetted, and the method includes the following steps:

s1: firstly, materials are transported, and can be conveyed to corresponding drying equipment for drying by adopting a spiral conveyor, a packing auger conveyor and a lifter as required;

s2: the drying equipment generally adopts a roller type dryer, the mixed materials are dried by hot air, the drying temperature is controlled to be 70-90 ℃, the drying time is 2-3 hours, and then the materials can be transported to briquetting equipment by transportation equipment for briquetting;

s3: briquetting is carried out by adopting a cold pressing mode, and the cold pressing molding process is that when the lignin content of the raw material is low, a small amount of adhesive is doped in the molding process, so that the molded fuel keeps a given shape after being pressurized, after the adhesive is added, an adsorption layer is formed on the surface of the granular raw material, attractive force is generated among granules, and a continuous structure is formed among biomass particles.

Preferably, after the briquetting in the fifth step is finished, the biomass particles are cooled in an air cooling mode for 2-3 hours, and the biomass particles are placed in a vacuum environment for standing after cooling.

Preferably, after cooling in the sixth step, the biomass particles are screened to obtain finished biomass particles, the biomass fuel particles are screened by using a vibrating screening machine, the qualified particles after screening fall onto a weighing machine for weighing, packaging and marking, and the unqualified particles enter the accommodating machine through a spiral feeding machine to prepare for briquetting again.

Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:

1. the invention comprises the following steps: preparing pine, straw, camphorwood and rice hull, placing the wood raw materials in a storage bin, placing beetles into the storage bin after mixing, and living the beetles and the wood raw materials together for 7-12 days and the second step: the wood raw material is taken out, placed into a fermentation bin for fermentation, and taken out after fermentation, so that Asian longicorn can decompose lignin, the beetles can decompose the lignin of trees, carbohydrate cellulose formed by glucose is left, the glucose is decomposed into small blocks, and then the small blocks are fermented to generate ethanol, and the ethanol exists in the wood raw material, so that the combustibility of biomass particles can be greatly improved, and the combustion effect of the biomass particles is better.

2. The invention adopts the third step: after the wooden raw material is taken out, the following auxiliary materials are added into the wooden raw material, including: 10-20 parts of animal waste, 10-20 parts of bamboo charcoal, 20-40 parts of anthracite, 10-20 parts of binder and 5-10 parts of epoxy resin; 5-10 parts by mass of foaming agent, the epoxy resin and the foaming agent are pretreated at present, then the treated materials are mixed with all raw materials, the added camphorwood is moisture-proof wood, the bamboo charcoal is moisture-proof particles, the epoxy resin and the foaming agent are used as raw materials of the foam board, the added biomass particles can achieve the moisture-proof effect, the caking rate of combustion can be reduced, the combustion effect is better, and a larger wide-volume space is provided for storage and transportation.

Detailed Description

The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that the terms "center", "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "inner", "outer", etc., indicate orientations and positional relationships shown, are merely for convenience in describing the present invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a particular orientation, be constructed and operated in a particular orientation, and thus, should not be construed as limiting the present invention. Furthermore, the terms "first," "second," and "third" are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance. In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that, unless otherwise explicitly specified or limited, the terms "mounted," "connected," and "disposed" are to be construed broadly, e.g., as meaning either a fixed connection, a removable connection, or an integral connection; can be mechanically or electrically connected; they may be connected directly or indirectly through intervening media, or they may be interconnected between two elements. The specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood in specific cases to those skilled in the art. The following describes an embodiment of the present invention based on its overall structure.