阅读说明：本技术 高增益圆极化天线及无线通信设备 (High-gain circularly polarized antenna and wireless communication device ) 是由 孔永丹 赖敏 于 2021-06-25 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明公开了一种高增益圆极化天线及无线通信设备,所述天线包括辐射体、介质基片和金属地板,所述辐射体设置在介质基片的上表面,辐射体包括长方形金属辐射贴片和四个正方形金属辐射贴片,所述长方形金属辐射贴片位于介质基片上表面的中心,四个正方形金属辐射贴片分别加载在长方形金属辐射贴片的四个顶角处,且每个正方形金属辐射贴片边缘设置有金属通孔阵列,所述金属地板设置在介质基片的下表面。本发明采用基片集成波导的小型化结构进一步缩小了天线的尺寸,并且采用的是容易与平面结构集成的单层介质基片,拥有高增益圆极化特性,在减小通信信号之间极化失配影响的同时还可以为远距离传输的无线通信设备的信号传输提供更多选择。(The invention discloses a high-gain circularly polarized antenna and wireless communication equipment, wherein the antenna comprises a radiator, a dielectric substrate and a metal floor, the radiator is arranged on the upper surface of the dielectric substrate and comprises a rectangular metal radiation patch and four square metal radiation patches, the rectangular metal radiation patch is positioned in the center of the upper surface of the dielectric substrate, the four square metal radiation patches are respectively loaded at four vertex angles of the rectangular metal radiation patch, the edge of each square metal radiation patch is provided with a metal through hole array, and the metal floor is arranged on the lower surface of the dielectric substrate. The invention further reduces the size of the antenna by adopting a miniaturized structure of the substrate integrated waveguide, adopts a single-layer medium substrate which is easy to integrate with a planar structure, has high-gain circular polarization characteristics, and can provide more choices for signal transmission of wireless communication equipment for long-distance transmission while reducing the influence of polarization mismatch between communication signals.)

1. The utility model provides a high-gain circular polarization antenna, its characterized in that, includes irradiator, medium substrate and metal floor, the irradiator sets up the upper surface at the medium substrate, and the irradiator includes rectangle metal radiation paster and four square metal radiation pasters, rectangle metal radiation paster is located the center of medium substrate upper surface, and four square metal radiation pasters load respectively in four apex angle departments of rectangle metal radiation paster, and every square metal radiation paster edge is provided with the metal through-hole array, metal floor sets up the lower surface at the medium substrate.

2. The high-gain circularly polarized antenna of claim 1, wherein the metal floor is provided with a circular hole for passing a feeding probe, and the feeding point of the feeding probe is located at the rectangular metal radiating patch.

3. The high-gain circularly polarized antenna of claim 2, wherein the radius ratio of the circular hole to the feed probe is in a range of 2-3, and the diameter of the feed probe is in a range of 1 mm-1.4 mm.

4. The high-gain circularly polarized antenna according to claim 2, wherein the distance between the center of the feeding point of the feeding probe and the long side edge of the rectangular patch is 9mm to 10mm, and the distance between the center of the feeding point of the feeding probe and the short side edge of the rectangular patch is 10mm to 11 mm.

5. The high-gain circularly polarized antenna of claim 1, wherein four top corners of said rectangular metal radiating patch are cut in parallel.

6. The high-gain circularly polarized antenna of claim 1, wherein the rectangular metal radiating patch is connected to four square metal radiating patches by microstrip lines.

7. The high-gain circularly polarized antenna of claim 1, wherein the connecting line between the centers of two adjacent square metal radiating patches and the center of the rectangular metal radiating patch forms an angle of 90 degrees.

8. The high-gain circular polarization antenna of any one of claims 1 to 7, wherein the length and width of the radiator are both 44mm to 46mm, the length of the rectangular metal radiating patch is 28mm to 29mm, the width of the rectangular metal radiating patch is 27mm to 28mm, and the length and width of each square metal radiating patch are both 9mm to 10 mm.

9. The high-gain circularly polarized antenna according to any one of claims 1 to 7, wherein in the metal through hole array, each metalized through hole has a diameter of 0.9mm to 1.1mm, and the distance between the centers of two adjacent metalized through holes is 1.4mm to 1.6 mm.

10. A wireless communication device comprising a high gain circularly polarized antenna according to any of claims 1-9.

Technical Field

The invention belongs to the technical field of microwave antennas, and particularly relates to a high-gain circularly polarized antenna and wireless communication equipment.

Background

With the development of communication technology, information interaction among various communication devices is gradually complicated, polarization mismatch is easily formed among linearly polarized antennas in some scenes, and circularly polarized antennas have great advantages in reducing polarization mismatch influence and multipath effect, so that designing antennas with circular polarization characteristics has important research significance in the complicated communication environment, and the antennas with circular polarization characteristics are widely applied to industries such as industry and medical treatment at present. The high-gain antenna can ensure the transmission quality of signals in a specific direction during long-distance transmission, and has the characteristics of low cost, light weight, easy integration with a planar system and the like by combining with a Substrate Integrated Waveguide (SIW), and the miniaturization structure of the SIW can further reduce the size of the antenna, so that the high-gain circularly polarized antenna designed based on the SIW miniaturization structure has important research significance for the miniaturization and performance improvement of a communication system.

Disclosure of Invention

In view of the above, the present invention provides a high-gain circularly polarized antenna and a wireless communication device, in which four identical Quarter Mode Integrated Waveguide (QMSIW) cavities are loaded around a central patch, so that a directional diagram of a high-order Mode of the central patch is corrected, and the gain of the antenna is improved.

The invention aims to provide a high-gain circularly polarized antenna.

Another object of the present invention is to provide a wireless communication device.

The purpose of the invention can be achieved by adopting the following technical scheme:

the utility model provides a high-gain circular polarization antenna, includes irradiator, dielectric substrate and metal floor, the irradiator sets up the upper surface at the dielectric substrate, and the irradiator includes rectangle metal radiation paster and four square metal radiation pasters, rectangle metal radiation paster is located the center of dielectric substrate upper surface, and four square metal radiation pasters load respectively in four apex angle departments of rectangle metal radiation paster, and every square metal radiation paster edge is provided with the metal through-hole array, metal floor sets up the lower surface at the dielectric substrate.

Furthermore, a circular hole through which a feed probe can pass is formed in the metal floor, and a feed point of the feed probe is located at the rectangular metal radiation patch.

Furthermore, the radius ratio range of the circular hole and the feed probe is 2-3, and the diameter value range of the feed probe is 1-1.4 mm.

Furthermore, the distance between the center of the feeding point of the feeding probe and the long edge of the rectangular patch is 9-10 mm, and the distance between the center of the feeding point of the feeding probe and the short edge of the rectangular patch is 10-11 mm.

Furthermore, four top angles of the rectangular metal radiation patch are respectively cut in parallel.

Furthermore, the rectangular metal radiating patches are connected with the four square metal radiating patches through microstrip lines.

Furthermore, the angle between the center of two adjacent square metal radiating patches and the center connecting line of the rectangular metal radiating patches is 90 degrees.

Furthermore, the distance between the outer edge of each square radiation patch and the edge of the dielectric substrate closest to the square radiation patch is 5-6 mm.

Furthermore, the length and the width of the radiator are both 44 mm-46 mm, the length of the rectangular metal radiating patch is 28 mm-29 mm, the width of the rectangular metal radiating patch is 27 mm-28 mm, and the length and the width of each square metal radiating patch are both 9 mm-10 mm.

Furthermore, the number of the metalized through holes of the metal through hole array is between 11 and 15.

Furthermore, in the metal through hole array, the diameter of each metalized through hole is 0.9-1.1 mm, and the distance between the centers of two adjacent metalized through holes is 1.4-1.6 mm.

Furthermore, the thickness of the medium substrate is 1.4 mm-1.6 mm.

The other purpose of the invention can be achieved by adopting the following technical scheme:

a wireless communication device comprises the high-gain circularly polarized antenna.

Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects:

1. the radiator of the antenna comprises a rectangular metal radiating patch and four square metal radiating patches, wherein the rectangular metal radiating patch is positioned in the center of a dielectric substrate and serves as a central patch, the four square metal radiating patches are loaded around the central patch, and a metal through hole array is arranged at the edge of each square metal radiating patch to form a quarter-mode substrate integrated waveguide cavity, so that the directional diagram of a high-order mode of the central patch is corrected, the gain of the antenna is improved, and the section height is only 0.039 free space wavelength at the central frequency because part of the radiator adopts an SIW back cavity type structure.

2. The four top angles of the rectangular metal radiating patch of the antenna are respectively cut in parallel, so that better performance can be obtained; the rectangular metal radiating patches are connected with the four square metal radiating patches through the microstrip lines, and the feed network of the array antenna is simplified through the substrate integrated waveguide cavity array feed formed by the four square metal radiating patches through the microstrip patches, so that the complexity of the antenna implementation is reduced.

3. The simulated-10 dB impedance bandwidth of the antenna is 7.73 GHz-7.83 GHz, the gain of the antenna is always larger than 11dBi in the impedance bandwidth, and the 3dB axial ratio bandwidth of the antenna is 7.78GHz-7.8 GHz.

4. The peak gain of the antenna can reach 13.1dBi at the central frequency of 7.79GHz, and the cross polarization of the antenna is lower than-20 dB in the main lobe range of the antenna.

Drawings

In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly described below, it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and for those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained according to the structures shown in the drawings without creative efforts.

Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a high-gain circularly polarized antenna according to an embodiment of the present invention.

Fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of the high-gain circularly polarized antenna according to the embodiment of the present invention, in which each square metal radiating patch is marked.

Fig. 3 is a schematic top and side views of a high-gain circular polarized antenna according to an embodiment of the invention.

FIG. 4 is an E-plane radiation field pattern of the high-gain circularly polarized antenna at 7.79GHz according to the embodiment of the invention.

Fig. 5 is an H-plane radiation field pattern of the high-gain circularly polarized antenna of the embodiment of the invention at 7.79 GHz.

Fig. 6 is an S parameter diagram of a high-gain circularly polarized antenna according to an embodiment of the invention.

Fig. 7 is an axial ratio graph of the high-gain circularly polarized antenna according to the embodiment of the invention.

Fig. 8 is a gain curve diagram of the high-gain circular polarized antenna according to the embodiment of the invention.

The antenna comprises a substrate, a metal radiation patch, a rectangular metal radiation patch, a 2-square metal radiation patch, a 21-first square metal radiation patch, a 22-second square metal radiation patch, a 23-third square metal radiation patch, a 24-fourth square metal radiation patch, a 3-feed probe, a 4-circular hole, a 5-metalized through hole array, a 6-dielectric substrate and a 7-metal floor.

Detailed Description

In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer and more complete, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are some embodiments of the present invention, but not all embodiments, and all other embodiments obtained by a person of ordinary skill in the art without creative efforts based on the embodiments of the present invention belong to the protection scope of the present invention.

Example (b):

as shown in fig. 1 and fig. 2, the present embodiment provides a high-gain circularly polarized antenna, which can be applied to a wireless communication device, and includes a radiator, a dielectric substrate 6 and a metal floor 7, wherein the radiator is disposed on an upper surface of the dielectric substrate 6 and serves as an upper metal layer, the radiator includes a rectangular metal radiation patch 1 and four square metal radiation patches 2, the four square metal radiation patches 2 are respectively a first square metal radiation patch 21, a second square metal radiation patch 22, a third square metal radiation patch 23 and a fourth square metal radiation patch 24, the first square metal radiation patch 21, the second square metal radiation patch 22, the third square metal radiation patch 23 and the fourth square metal radiation patch 24 are respectively loaded at four corners of the rectangular metal radiation patch 1, a metal via array 5 is disposed at an edge of each square metal radiation patch 2, the four quarter-mode substrate integrated waveguide cavities are formed, namely four quarter-mode substrate integrated waveguide cavities are formed in total, the radiation characteristics of the resonant mode of the rectangular metal radiation patch 1 are corrected by the loading of the four quarter-mode substrate integrated waveguide cavities, so that the antenna obtains high gain, the metal floor 7 is arranged on the lower surface of the dielectric substrate and serves as a lower metal layer, each square metal radiation patch 2 is connected with the metal floor 7 through the metal through hole array 5, and the metal through hole array 5 is communicated with the upper metal layer and the lower metal layer.

The antenna is further reduced in size by adopting a miniaturized structure of the substrate integrated waveguide, and the single-layer dielectric substrate which is easily integrated with a planar structure is adopted in the embodiment, so that the embodiment has high-gain circular polarization characteristics, and can provide more choices for signal transmission of wireless communication equipment for long-distance transmission while reducing the influence of polarization mismatch between communication signals.

Furthermore, four top angles of the rectangular metal radiation patch 1 are respectively cut in parallel, so that better performance can be obtained; the rectangular metal radiation patch 1 is connected with the four square metal radiation patches 2 (namely the first square metal radiation patch 21, the second square metal radiation patch 22, the third square metal radiation patch 23 and the fourth square metal radiation patch 24) through microstrip lines, and the feed network of the array antenna is simplified through the microstrip patches for the substrate integrated waveguide cavity array feed formed by the four square metal radiation patches 2, so that the complexity of the antenna implementation is reduced; the angle between the center of two adjacent square metal radiating patches and the center connecting line of the rectangular metal radiating patches is 90 degrees.

In order to prevent the metal floor 7 from contacting the feeding probe 3, the metal floor 7 of the present embodiment is provided with a circular hole 4, the circular hole 4 can allow the feeding probe 3 to pass through to isolate the feeding probe 3, and a feeding point of the feeding probe 3 is located at the rectangular metal radiating patch 1.

In this example, the dielectric substrates 6 were all Rogers RT 5880, which had a dielectric constant of 2.2, a loss tangent of 0.0009, and a thickness of 1.4mm to 1.6mm for the dielectric substrates 6.

FIG. 3 is a top view and a side view of the high-gain circularly polarized antenna of the present embodiment, showing the length L of the rectangular metal radiating patch 1_pIs 28.7mm and has a width W_pIs 27.3 mm; length L of each square metal radiating patch 2_qAnd width W_qEqual, 9.8 mm; the number of the metallized through hole arrays 5 arranged at the edge of each square metal radiation patch 2 is 13, the diameter of each metallized through hole is 1mm, and the distance between the centers of two adjacent metallized through holes is 1.5 mm; an equivalent cavity, namely a radiator, formed by four quarter-mode substrate integrated waveguide cavities and a rectangular metal radiation patch 1, wherein the equivalent cavity has an equivalent length L_cAnd equivalent cavity width W_cThe equivalent cavity is 45mm, and the distance between the equivalent cavity and the edge of the medium substrate is 5.3 mm; the feed probe 3 is a coaxial feed probe, the minimum parallel distance between the center of the feed point and the long edge of the rectangular metal radiation patch 1 is 9.45mm, and the minimum vertical distance between the center of the feed point and the short edge of the rectangular metal radiation patch 1 is 10.55 mm.

Fig. 4 and 5 show an E-plane radiation field pattern and an H-plane radiation field pattern of the high-gain circularly polarized antenna at 7.79GHz, and it can be seen that the cross polarization level of the antenna in the main lobe range at the frequency point is less than-20 dB, the side lobe of the antenna is smaller, and the energy is mainly concentrated on the main lobe.

FIG. 6 is a simulation graph of S-parameters of the high-gain circularly polarized antenna of the present embodiment, which shows that the center frequency is 7.79GHz and the antenna has good impedance matching₁₁|<The-10 dB bandwidth is about 7.73 GHz-7.83 GHz.

Fig. 7 is a graph of axial ratio simulation of the high-gain circularly polarized antenna of the present embodiment, and it can be seen that the axial ratio of the antenna at the center frequency point is small, and the 3dB axial ratio bandwidth is about 7.78GHz-7.8 GHz.

Fig. 8 is a graph of a simulation of the gain of the high-gain circularly polarized antenna of this embodiment, and it can be seen that the gain of the antenna is greater than 11dBi in the impedance bandwidth range, and particularly, the gain of the antenna reaches the maximum value at the center frequency point, which is about 13.1 dBi.

In summary, the antenna of the invention not only improves the radiation pattern of the original patch antenna, but also further improves the gain of the antenna by loading four same quarter-mode substrate integrated waveguide cavities at four vertex angles of the rectangular metal radiation patch, and the gain of the circularly polarized antenna reaches the maximum value of 13.1dBi at the central frequency point, and in addition, the antenna is designed on a single-layer medium substrate, has low section height, simple structure and low processing difficulty and is easy to integrate with a planar circuit.

The above description is only for the preferred embodiments of the present invention, but the protection scope of the present invention is not limited thereto, and any person skilled in the art can substitute or change the technical solution and the inventive concept of the present invention within the scope of the present invention.