阅读说明：本技术 基于光敏传感器的槽式光热发电跟踪光源装置 (Groove type photo-thermal power generation tracking light source device based on photosensitive sensor ) 是由 王智勇 于 2019-04-06 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明公开了一种基于光敏传感器的槽式光热发电跟踪光源装置,在抛物面反光镜上安装有一组光敏传感器,光敏传感器的排列方向和集热管的延伸方向互相垂直。当阳光的垂直角度偏离反光镜的法线方向,集热管的阴影投射到反光镜上的一组光敏传感器中的偏上或偏下的传感器上,控制器根据各个光敏传感器实时接收到的光照强度,判断出光源相对于反光镜的垂直角度,并做出相应的指令,使双向调节电机正转或反转,带动反光镜上下转动,直到集热管的阴影再次投射到最中间的一个光敏传感器上。通过上述调节,使反光镜反射阳光形成的聚光始终汇聚在吸热管上转化成热量,实现光电转化效率的最大化。(The invention discloses a groove type photo-thermal power generation tracking light source device based on a photosensitive sensor. When the vertical angle of sunlight deviates from the normal direction of the reflector, the shadow of the heat collecting tube is projected to the upper or lower sensor in a group of photosensitive sensors on the reflector, the controller judges the vertical angle of the light source relative to the reflector according to the illumination intensity received by each photosensitive sensor in real time, and makes a corresponding instruction, so that the bidirectional adjusting motor rotates forwards or backwards, the reflector is driven to rotate upwards and downwards, and the shadow of the heat collecting tube is projected to the middle photosensitive sensor again. Through the adjustment, the light gathering formed by reflecting sunlight by the reflector is always converged on the heat absorbing pipe to be converted into heat, so that the photoelectric conversion efficiency is maximized.)

1. A groove type photo-thermal power generation tracking light source device based on a photosensitive sensor comprises a groove type parabolic reflector and a heat collecting tube, wherein the parabolic reflector is fixed on an arc support, one side, away from the center of a circle, of the arc support is provided with a gear rack and is connected with a bidirectional adjusting motor through a speed reducer, the groove type photo-thermal power generation tracking light source device is characterized in that the parabolic reflector is provided with a group of photosensitive sensors, the arrangement directions of the photosensitive sensors are mutually vertical to the extension direction of the heat collecting tube, each photosensitive sensor is connected with a controller through a signal line, when sunlight irradiates from the normal direction of the reflector, the shadow of the heat collecting tube is projected to the position of the middle sensor in the group of photosensitive sensors, the light gathering formed by the sunlight reflected by the reflector is gathered on the heat collecting tube to do work for power, the shadow of thermal-collecting tube is projected on the sensor on the upper side or the lower side in a set of photosensitive sensor on the reflector, the controller judges the vertical angle of the light source relative to the reflector according to the illumination intensity received by each photosensitive sensor in real time, and makes corresponding instructions, so that the bidirectional adjusting motor rotates forwards or backwards, and drives the reflector to rotate upwards and downwards through the speed reducer until the shadow of the thermal-collecting tube is projected on the photosensitive sensor in the middle again, and the vertical orientation of the reflector is consistent with the irradiation angle of the light source at this moment.

2. The trough type photo-thermal power generation tracking light source device based on the photosensitive sensors as claimed in claim 1, wherein the distance between the photosensitive sensors on the reflective mirror is smaller than the diameter of the heat collecting tube, and no matter the vertical angle of the reflective mirror, at least one photosensitive sensor is in the shadow of the heat collecting tube as long as the shadow of the heat collecting tube is projected on the reflective mirror.

3. The trough type photothermal power generation tracking light source device based on the photosensor as claimed in claim 1, wherein two back photosensors are installed on the side of the parabolic reflector away from the light source, and are respectively located on the back of the upper and lower edges of the parabolic reflector for detecting the light irradiated from the back of the reflector.

4. The photo-sensor based trough photo-thermal power generation tracking light source device as claimed in claim 1, wherein a light shielding plate is installed beside each of the two back photo-sensors, and both light shielding plates are fixed on the back of the reflector.

5. The photo-sensor-based trough photo-thermal power generation tracking light source device according to claim 1, wherein the bidirectional adjustment motor is respectively connected with a forward contactor and a reverse contactor, the controller is respectively connected with the forward contactor and the reverse contactor through a forward signal line and a reverse signal line, and the control of the rotation direction of the bidirectional adjustment motor is realized by instructing the on and off of the two contactors.

6. The photo-sensor-based trough photo-thermal power generation tracking light source device according to claim 1, wherein a travel switch is respectively installed at two edges of the reflective mirror, and when the normal of the reflective mirror rotates to approach to a horizontal angle, the lower travel switch touches the integral bracket, thereby disconnecting the driving circuit of the bidirectional adjusting motor and preventing the normal angle of the reflective mirror from approaching to the horizontal line too much.

Technical Field

The invention relates to a solar photo-thermal power generation tracking light source device, in particular to a groove type photo-thermal power generation tracking light source device based on a photosensitive sensor.

Background

The groove type solar-thermal power generation is the most mature solar thermal power generation form at present, and more than half of the global operated solar-thermal power station projects adopt the groove type technology. Because the irradiation angle of the sun changes constantly with time and seasons, the parabolic reflector in the trough type photothermal power generation equipment also needs to be adjusted constantly towards the tracking light source, so that the light condensation formed by the sunlight reflected by the reflector always irradiates the heat collecting tube to do work for power generation. The existing trough type photo-thermal power generation equipment adopts a timing type tracking light source system, the longitude and latitude of a power generation field and the date and the actual time corresponding to the local longitude are input into a controller in advance, the real-time angle of sunlight irradiation is calculated according to the geographical longitude and latitude and the date time of the power generation field, the orientation of a reflector is adjusted accordingly, and the light source tracking function is realized. When the power generation equipment adopting the mode is installed, certain initialization setting needs to be carried out, and the normal working state can be achieved only by carrying out multiple times of adjustment. The device adopting the tracking mode has poor universality of a tracking light source device, the light source tracking device used in a photothermal power station can only run locally, if the device is used in a replacement area, the device needs to be initialized again according to the longitude and latitude of a new address and the local time, otherwise the device cannot be used normally.

Disclosure of Invention

In order to overcome the defects that the conventional time counting type groove type photo-thermal power generation tracking light source device needs complicated initialization setting and is poor in universality, the invention provides the groove type photo-thermal power generation tracking light source device based on the photosensitive sensors. Compared with the prior time-counting type light source tracking technology, the light source tracking device does not need to input time and date and longitude and latitude for initialization setting any more, has stronger universality, can work normally immediately after being switched to another area, and does not need to adjust any parameters any more.

The technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows: a groove type photo-thermal power generation tracking light source device based on a photosensitive sensor comprises a groove type parabolic reflector and a heat collecting tube, wherein the parabolic reflector is fixed on an arc support, and one side, away from the circle center, of the arc support is provided with a gear rack and is connected with a bidirectional adjusting motor through a speed reducer. A group of photosensitive sensors are mounted on the parabolic reflector, the arrangement direction of the photosensitive sensors is perpendicular to the extending direction of the heat collecting pipe, and each photosensitive sensor is connected with a controller through a signal wire. When sunlight irradiates from the normal direction of the reflector, the shadow of the heat collecting tube is projected to the position of the middle sensor in the group of photosensitive sensors, and at the moment, the light gathering formed by the sunlight reflected by the reflector is gathered on the heat collecting tube to do work and generate electricity. When the vertical angle of sunlight deviates from the normal direction of the reflector, the shadow of the heat collecting tube is projected to an upper sensor or a lower sensor in a group of photosensitive sensors on the reflector, the controller judges the vertical angle of the light source relative to the reflector according to the illumination intensity received by each photosensitive sensor in real time, and makes a corresponding instruction, so that the bidirectional adjusting motor rotates forwards or backwards, the reflector is driven by the speed reducer to rotate upwards and downwards until the shadow of the heat collecting tube is projected to the middle photosensitive sensor again, and the vertical orientation of the reflector is consistent with the illumination angle of the light source at the moment. Through the adjustment, the light gathering formed by reflecting sunlight by the reflector is always converged on the heat absorbing pipe to be converted into heat, so that the photoelectric conversion efficiency is maximized.

In the groove type photo-thermal power generation tracking light source device based on the photosensitive sensors, the spacing distance between the photosensitive sensors on the reflector is smaller than the diameter of the heat collecting pipe, and no matter the vertical angle of the reflector, at least one photosensitive sensor is in the shadow of the heat collecting pipe as long as the shadow of the heat collecting pipe is projected on the reflector.

According to the groove type photo-thermal power generation tracking light source device based on the photosensitive sensors, two back photosensitive sensors are mounted on one surface, far away from a light source, of the parabolic reflector, and the back photosensitive sensors are respectively located on the backs of the upper edge and the lower edge of the parabolic reflector and used for detecting light rays irradiated from the back direction of the reflector. And light shading plates are arranged beside the two back photosensitive sensors and are fixed on the back of the reflector.

According to the groove type photo-thermal power generation tracking light source device based on the photosensitive sensor, the parabolic reflector and the arc support are fixed on the integral support through the rotating shaft, and the integral support is fixed on the base.

The groove type photo-thermal power generation tracking light source device based on the photosensitive sensor is characterized in that the bidirectional adjusting motor is respectively connected with the forward rotation contactor and the reverse rotation contactor, the controller is respectively connected with the forward rotation contactor and the reverse rotation contactor through the forward rotation signal line and the reverse rotation signal line, and the rotation direction of the bidirectional adjusting motor is controlled by instructing the on and off of the two contactors.

The trough type photo-thermal power generation tracking light source device based on the photosensitive sensor is characterized in that the two edges of the reflector are respectively provided with the travel switch, when the normal of the reflector rotates to be close to a horizontal angle, the lower travel switch touches the whole support, so that a driving circuit of the bidirectional adjusting motor is disconnected, and the normal angle of the reflector is prevented from being too close to a horizontal line.

The light source tracking device has the advantages that the light source tracking device detects the vertical angle of the reflector relative to the sun in real time by installing the photosensitive sensors on the reflector, and adjusts the vertical angle of the reflector in real time, so that the vertical angle of the groove type reflector is always consistent with the vertical irradiation angle of the sun, the installation and setting work of light source tracking equipment is simplified, and the universalization of the light source tracking equipment is realized. In addition, the invention can also detect the environmental illumination intensity of the photo-thermal power generation field in real time, and can not drive the reflector adjusting mechanism to operate in rainy days, thereby saving electric energy.

Drawings

The invention is further illustrated with reference to the following figures and examples.

FIG. 1 is a schematic view of the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a view of the present invention from the direction of arrow A in FIG. 1;

fig. 3 is a view of the present invention viewed from the direction of arrow B in fig. 1.

In the figure, 1, a reflector, 2, a heat collecting pipe, 3, an arc support, 4, a speed reducer, 5, a bidirectional adjusting motor, 6, a photosensitive sensor, 7, a controller, 8, a back photosensitive sensor, 9, a light screen, 10, a rotating shaft, 11, an integral support, 12, a base, 13, a forward rotation contactor, 14, a reverse rotation contactor, 15, a travel switch I, 16, a travel switch II, 17, a signal line I, 18, a signal line II, 19, a forward rotation signal line and 20, a reverse rotation signal line are arranged in sequence.

Detailed Description

The groove type photo-thermal power generation tracking light source device based on the photosensitive sensor comprises a groove type paraboloid reflecting mirror 1 and a heat collecting pipe 2, wherein the reflecting mirror 1 is fixed on an arc support 3, one side of the arc support 3, which is far away from the circle center, is provided with gear strips, the gear strips are meshed with gears on a speed reducer 4 through the gear strips, and the speed reducer 4 is connected with a bidirectional adjusting motor 5. A group of photosensitive sensors 6 are mounted on one surface, facing a light source, of the reflective mirror 1, the arrangement direction of the photosensitive sensors 6 is perpendicular to the extending direction of the heat collecting pipe 2, each photosensitive sensor 6 is connected with the controller 7 through a signal line, each photosensitive sensor 6 occupies a data transmission interface on the controller 7, the positions of the photosensitive sensors 6 on the reflective mirror 1 correspond to the occupied data transmission interfaces one by one, and the controller 7 judges the positions of the photosensitive sensors 6 transmitting the signals on the reflective mirror 1 according to the data transmission interfaces receiving the signals. The spacing distance of the photosensitive sensors 6 is smaller than the diameter of the heat collecting pipe 2, and when the shadow of the heat collecting pipe 2 is projected on the reflecting mirror 1, at least one photosensitive sensor 6 is positioned in the shadow. Two back photosensitive sensors 8 are installed on one side, away from the light source, of the reflective mirror 1, the two back photosensitive sensors 8 are respectively located on the backs of the upper edge and the lower edge of the reflective mirror 1 and are connected with the controller 7 through signal lines. All install the light screen 9 on two back photosensitive sensor 8 next doors, two light screens 9 are all fixed at the back of reflector 1, its extending direction becomes 40 degrees angles with the normal of reflector 1, two light screens 9 are 80 degrees angles, consequently when light shines a back photosensitive sensor 8, another back photosensitive sensor 8 is sheltered from and can't be shone by the light screen 9 on its next door, and the extending direction of the light screen 9 on the back photosensitive sensor 8 next door that is shone by sunshine is close to unanimously with the sunshine irradiation direction, the light screen 9 is shorter at the projection at the back of reflector 1, can not shelter from the light that shines on back photosensitive sensor 8. The reflector 1, the heat collecting tube 2 and the arc support 3 are fixed on the integral support 11 through the rotating shaft 10, and the integral support 11 is fixed on the base 12. The bidirectional adjusting motor 5 is respectively connected with a forward contactor 13 and a reverse contactor 14, the input ends of the forward contactor 13 and the reverse contactor 14 are respectively connected with a three-phase alternating current mains supply, and the output ends of the forward contactor 13 and the reverse contactor 14 are respectively connected with an incoming line terminal of the bidirectional adjusting motor 5. The output terminals of the forward contactor 13 and the reverse contactor 14 have different live lines in the arrangement order, and when they are respectively turned on, the operation direction of the bidirectional adjustment motor 5 is opposite. The first travel switch 15 and the second travel switch 16 are respectively installed at two edges of the reflective mirror 1 and are respectively connected with the controller 7 through a first signal line 17 and a second signal line 18, and when the reflective mirror 1 rotates to a position too far down, the first travel switch 15 or the second travel switch 16 touches the integral support 11 and transmits signals to the controller 7. The controller 7 is connected to the forward contactor 13 and the reverse contactor 14 via a forward signal line 19 and a reverse signal line 20, respectively.

As shown in fig. 2, when the vertical irradiation direction of the sunlight directly faces the reflective mirror 1, the sunlight irradiation angle is the same as the normal angle of the reflective mirror 1, the shadow of the heat collecting tube 2 is projected to the position of the middle sensor in the group of photosensitive sensors 6, and the light collected by the reflective mirror 1 reflecting the sunlight irradiates the heat collecting tube 2 to do work and generate electricity. When the irradiation direction of the sunlight deviates from the normal of the reflector 1, the shadow of the heat collecting tube 2 is projected to the upper or lower sensor of a group of photosensitive sensors 6 on the reflector 1, the controller 7 judges the vertical angle of the sun relative to the reflector 1 according to the illumination intensity received by each photosensitive sensor 6 in real time, if the shadow is projected on the upper sensor, the controller 7 judges that the direction of the sunlight irradiation angle relative to the reflector 1 is lower, the reversing contactor 14 is instructed to be switched on through a reversing signal line 20, the bidirectional adjusting motor 5 starts to rotate anticlockwise, the circular arc support 3 and the reflector 1 are driven to rotate anticlockwise around the rotating shaft 10 through the speed reducer 4 until the shadow of the heat collecting tube 2 is projected to the middle photosensitive sensor 6 again, at the moment, the controller 7 instructs the reversing contactor 14 to switch off the circuit, and the normal angle of the reflector 1 is consistent with the irradiation angle of the sun, the light-gathering formed by the sunlight reflected by the reflector 1 irradiates the heat collecting pipe 2 to do work and generate electricity. If the irradiation angle of the sun is too low, after the reflective mirror 1 rotates anticlockwise to a certain angle, the second travel switch 16 touches the integral support 11, and after the controller 7 detects a signal transmitted by the second travel switch 16 through the second signal wire 18, the controller instructs the reversing contactor 14 to open the circuit, so that the bidirectional adjusting motor 5 stops rotating, and the direction of the reflective mirror 1 is prevented from being too low. On the contrary, if the shadow of the heat collecting tube 2 is projected on a lower sensor in a group of photosensitive sensors 6, the controller 7 judges that the sunlight irradiation angle is higher relative to the orientation of the reflective mirror 1, the forward rotation signal line 19 instructs the forward rotation contactor 13 to switch on the circuit, the bidirectional adjusting motor 5 starts to rotate clockwise, the speed reducer 4 drives the arc support 3 and the reflective mirror 1 to rotate clockwise around the rotating shaft 10 until the shadow of the heat collecting tube 2 is projected on the photosensitive sensor 6 at the middle again, at this time, the controller 7 instructs the forward rotation contactor 13 to switch off the circuit, the normal angle of the reflective mirror 1 is consistent with the irradiation angle of the sun, and the light-gathering formed by the reflected sunlight of the reflective mirror 1 irradiates on the heat collecting tube 2. After the reflector 1 rotates clockwise to a certain angle, the first travel switch 15 touches the integral support 11, and after the controller 7 detects a signal transmitted by the first travel switch 15 through the first signal line 17, the forward rotation contactor 13 is instructed to disconnect a circuit, the bidirectional adjusting motor 5 stops rotating, and the reflector 1 is prevented from excessively rotating towards the lower side.

If the light intensities received by all the photosensitive sensors 6 on the reflective mirror 1 are equal, the light intensities received by the two back photosensitive sensors 8 on the back surface of the reflective mirror 1 are also equal and are lower, the controller 7 judges that the weather is overcast and rainy at that time, and instructs the forward contactor 13 and the reverse contactor 14 to open the circuit through the forward rotation signal line 19 and the reverse rotation signal line 20.

As shown in fig. 3, when the sun irradiation angle deviates too much from the orientation of the mirror 1, sunlight cannot be irradiated to the photosensor 6 on the front surface of the mirror 1. For example, when the reflector 1 faces west in dusk every day and the sun rises in the next morning, sunlight irradiates the back of the reflector 1 from east, but does not irradiate the photosensitive sensor 6 on the front of the reflector 1. At this time, a back photosensor 8 located higher on the back of the mirror 1 is irradiated with sunlight and transmits a signal to the controller 7, and a back photosensor 8 located lower on the back of the mirror 1 is shielded by the light shielding plate 9 and is not irradiated with sunlight. The controller 7 judges that the reflector 1 is opposite to the light source according to two different illumination intensities of high and low received by the two back photosensitive sensors 8, the reflector 1 faces the west side, namely, the forward rotation signal line 19 instructs the forward rotation contactor 13 to be connected with the circuit, the bidirectional adjusting motor 5 starts to rotate clockwise, the speed reducer 4 drives the arc support 3 and the reflector 1 to rotate clockwise around the rotating shaft 10, after the reflector 1 rotates to a certain angle, the sunlight starts to irradiate the front side of the reflector 1, the shadow of the heat collecting tube 2 is projected onto the top edge of one of the group of photosensitive sensors 6, the controller 7 instructs the forward rotation contactor 13 to keep the circuit connected until the shadow of the heat collecting tube 2 is projected onto the middle photosensitive sensor 6, at the moment, the controller 7 instructs the forward rotation contactor 13 to be connected with the circuit, the normal angle of the reflector 1 is consistent with, the light-gathering formed by the sunlight reflected by the reflector 1 irradiates the heat collecting pipe 2 to do work and generate electricity. On the contrary, if the sun appears in the morning for a while, the orientation of the reflective mirror 1 is adjusted to be the front side to the east side, then the reflective mirror 1 enters into rainy days, the reflective mirror 1 stops rotating, the sun comes out in the afternoon, the sunlight irradiates the back side of the reflective mirror 1 from the west side, the illumination condition of the two back photosensitive sensors 8 is just opposite to that of the reflective mirror 1 toward the west side, the controller 7 judges that the reflective mirror 1 is back to the light source according to different illumination intensities received by the two back photosensitive sensors 8, the reflective mirror 1 faces the east side, namely, the reversing contactor 14 is instructed to be connected with a circuit through a reversing signal line 20, the bidirectional adjusting motor 5 starts to rotate anticlockwise, the arc support 3 and the reflective mirror 1 are driven to rotate anticlockwise around the rotating shaft 10 through the speed reducer 4, the sunlight irradiates the front side of the reflective mirror 1 again after the rotation to a certain angle, the shadow of the heat collecting tube 2, the controller 7 instructs the reversing contactor 14 to keep the circuit on until the shadow of the heat collecting tube 2 is projected to the photosensitive sensor 6 at the middle, at the moment, the controller 7 instructs the reversing contactor 14 to switch off the circuit, the normal angle of the reflector 1 is consistent with the irradiation angle of the sun, and the condensed light reflected by the reflector 1 is irradiated on the heat collecting tube 2 again to do work and generate power.