阅读说明：本技术 一种转子多槽型感应励磁式混合励磁电机 (Rotor multi-groove type induction excitation type hybrid excitation motor ) 是由 朱姝姝 余俊月 刘倩倩 姜仁华 刘闯 王凯 于 2021-06-08 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明公开了一种转子多槽型感应励磁式混合励磁电机,定子槽内安放定子电枢绕组,转子槽内安放转子直流励磁绕组,转子铁心轭部均匀开设若干转子轭部槽,转子轭部槽内安放转子轭部绕组,各转子极身上开设转子附加槽,转子附加槽的一端连通对应的转子轭部槽,另一端延伸至转子极靴边缘,在转子铁心上设置永磁体,转子轭部绕组通过旋转整流器与转子直流励磁绕组连接。本发明无电刷滑环,无需额外增加励磁机,可实现混合励磁电机的无刷励磁,且可实现输出电压的宽范围调节。(The invention discloses a rotor multi-slot type induction excitation type hybrid excitation motor, wherein a stator armature winding is arranged in a stator slot, a rotor direct current excitation winding is arranged in a rotor slot, a plurality of rotor yoke slots are uniformly formed in a rotor core yoke, rotor yoke windings are arranged in the rotor yoke slots, rotor additional slots are formed in each rotor pole body, one end of each rotor additional slot is communicated with the corresponding rotor yoke slot, the other end of each rotor additional slot extends to the edge of a rotor pole shoe, a permanent magnet is arranged on the rotor core, and the rotor yoke windings are connected with the rotor direct current excitation winding through a rotating rectifier. The brushless slip ring is free of the additional exciter, brushless excitation of the hybrid excitation motor can be achieved, and wide-range adjustment of output voltage can be achieved.)

1. A rotor multi-slot type induction excitation type hybrid excitation motor is characterized in that: the stator armature winding is placed in the stator slot, the rotor direct-current excitation winding is placed in the rotor slot, a plurality of rotor yoke slots are uniformly formed in the rotor core yoke, the rotor yoke windings are placed in the rotor yoke slots, rotor additional slots are formed in each rotor pole body, one end of each rotor additional slot is communicated with the corresponding rotor yoke slot, the other end of each rotor additional slot extends to the edge of a rotor pole shoe, a permanent magnet is arranged on the rotor iron core, and the rotor yoke windings are connected with the rotor direct-current excitation winding through a rotating rectifier.

2. The multi-slot type induction excitation hybrid excitation rotor motor as set forth in claim 1, wherein: and a rotor pole body between the adjacent rotor slot and the additional rotor slot is provided with a slot, and a rotor pole body winding is arranged in the slot.

3. The multi-slot type induction excitation hybrid excitation rotor motor as set forth in claim 1, wherein: a rotor pole shoe portion groove is formed in the rotor pole shoe portion, and a rotor pole shoe portion winding is placed in the rotor pole shoe portion groove; the rotor pole shoe portion winding and the rotor yoke portion winding are connected in the following three connection modes:

the first method is as follows: the rotor yoke winding and the rotor pole shoe winding are sequentially connected in series and then connected with the rotary rectifier;

the second method comprises the following steps: the rotor yoke winding and the rotor pole shoe winding are respectively connected with a rotary rectifier;

the third method comprises the following steps: and the rotor yoke winding and the rotor pole shoe winding are respectively connected with a rotating rectifier and then connected in parallel at two ends of the rotor direct-current excitation winding.

4. The multi-slot type induction excitation hybrid excitation rotor motor as set forth in claim 1, wherein: the tangential magnetic flux permanent magnets are arranged on the rotor iron core and are arranged between each rotor groove and the edge of the rotor pole shoe, and the polarities of the opposite surfaces of the adjacent tangential magnetic flux permanent magnets are the same.

5. The rotor multiple-slot induction excited hybrid excitation motor as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein: the radial magnetic flux permanent magnet is arranged on the rotor iron core and arranged on the surface of the rotor pole shoe.

6. The multi-slot type induction excitation hybrid excitation rotor motor as set forth in claim 5, wherein: at least 1 radial magnetic flux permanent magnet is arranged on the surface of each rotor pole shoe, and when only 1 radial magnetic flux permanent magnet is arranged on the surface of each rotor pole shoe, the polarities of the adjacent radial magnetic flux permanent magnets are different; when the number of the radial magnetic flux permanent magnets arranged on the surface of each rotor pole shoe is more than 1, the polarities of the radial magnetic flux permanent magnets on the surface of the same rotor pole shoe are the same, and the polarities of the radial magnetic flux permanent magnets on the adjacent rotor pole shoes are different.

7. The multi-slot type induction excitation hybrid excitation rotor motor as set forth in claim 5, wherein: the radial magnetic flux permanent magnets are arranged on the surfaces of the rotor pole shoes at intervals, namely, only one of the two adjacent rotor pole shoes is provided with the radial magnetic flux permanent magnet, the polarities of all the radial magnetic flux permanent magnets are the same, when the polarity of the rotor direct current excitation winding is S pole, the polarity of the radial magnetic flux permanent magnet is N pole, or when the polarity of the rotor direct current excitation winding is N pole, the polarity of the radial magnetic flux permanent magnet is S pole.

8. The multi-slot induction excited hybrid excitation rotor machine as claimed in claim 7, wherein: the radial magnetic flux permanent magnet and the rotor direct-current excitation winding are all arranged on the same rotor pole, or the radial magnetic flux permanent magnet and the rotor direct-current excitation winding are all arranged on different rotor poles.

9. The multi-slot type induction excitation hybrid excitation rotor motor as set forth in claim 1, wherein: stator exciting windings are also arranged in the stator slots.

10. The multi-slot type induction excitation hybrid excitation rotor motor as set forth in claim 1, wherein: each rotor pole body is provided with an isolation groove, one end of each isolation groove, which is close to the air gap, is provided with a magnetic bridge, and the other end of each isolation groove is communicated with the rotor additional groove.

Technical Field

The invention belongs to the field of brushless excitation motors, and particularly relates to a hybrid excitation motor.

Background

For a rotor magnetic pole type motor, how to realize the power supply of a rotor direct current excitation winding is a design difficulty of the motor. Brushless excitation is of great importance to special occasions such as aerospace, oil refining and mining, and if an electric brush slip ring is still adopted to supply power to a rotor direct-current excitation winding, the safety of the rotor direct-current excitation winding cannot be guaranteed. For this reason, research on brushless motors of this type is required.

Disclosure of Invention

In order to solve the technical problems mentioned in the background art, the invention provides a rotor multi-slot type induction excitation type hybrid excitation motor.

In order to achieve the technical purpose, the technical scheme of the invention is as follows:

a multi-slot induction excitation type mixed excitation motor of a rotor is characterized in that a stator armature winding is arranged in a stator slot, a rotor direct-current excitation winding is arranged in a rotor slot, a plurality of rotor yoke slots are uniformly formed in a rotor core yoke, rotor yoke windings are arranged in the rotor yoke slots, rotor additional slots are formed in each rotor pole body, one end of each rotor additional slot is communicated with the corresponding rotor yoke slot, the other end of each rotor additional slot extends to the edge of a rotor pole shoe, a permanent magnet is arranged on the rotor core, and the rotor yoke windings are connected with the rotor direct-current excitation winding through a rotating rectifier.

Furthermore, a rotor pole body between the adjacent rotor slot and the additional rotor slot is provided with a slot, and a rotor pole body winding is placed in the slot.

Furthermore, rotor pole shoe grooves are formed in the rotor pole shoes, and rotor pole shoe windings are placed in the rotor pole shoe grooves; the rotor pole shoe portion winding and the rotor yoke portion winding are connected in the following three connection modes:

the first method is as follows: the rotor yoke winding and the rotor pole shoe winding are sequentially connected in series and then connected with the rotary rectifier;

the second method comprises the following steps: the rotor yoke winding and the rotor pole shoe winding are respectively connected with a rotary rectifier;

the third method comprises the following steps: and the rotor yoke winding and the rotor pole shoe winding are respectively connected with a rotating rectifier and then connected in parallel at two ends of the rotor direct-current excitation winding.

Furthermore, tangential magnetic flux permanent magnets are arranged on the rotor iron core and are arranged between each rotor groove and the edge of the rotor pole shoe, and the polarities of the opposite surfaces of the adjacent tangential magnetic flux permanent magnets are the same.

Further, radial magnetic flux permanent magnets are arranged on the rotor iron core and arranged on the surface of the rotor pole shoe.

Further, at least 1 radial flux permanent magnet is arranged on the surface of each rotor pole shoe, and when only 1 radial flux permanent magnet is arranged on the surface of each rotor pole shoe, the polarities of the adjacent radial flux permanent magnets are different; when the number of the radial magnetic flux permanent magnets arranged on the surface of each rotor pole shoe is more than 1, the polarities of the radial magnetic flux permanent magnets on the surface of the same rotor pole shoe are the same, and the polarities of the radial magnetic flux permanent magnets on the adjacent rotor pole shoes are different.

Further, the radial magnetic flux permanent magnets are arranged on the surfaces of the rotor pole shoes at intervals, that is, only one of the two adjacent rotor pole shoes is provided with the radial magnetic flux permanent magnet, the polarities of all the radial magnetic flux permanent magnets are the same, when the polarity of the rotor direct current excitation winding is an S pole, the polarity of the radial magnetic flux permanent magnet is an N pole, or when the polarity of the rotor direct current excitation winding is an N pole, the polarity of the radial magnetic flux permanent magnet is an S pole.

Further, the radial magnetic flux permanent magnet and the rotor direct-current excitation winding are all arranged on the same rotor pole, or the radial magnetic flux permanent magnet and the rotor direct-current excitation winding are all arranged on different rotor poles.

Further, stator excitation windings are also arranged in the stator slots.

Furthermore, each rotor pole body is provided with an isolation groove, one end of each isolation groove, which is close to the air gap, is provided with a magnetic bridge, and the other end of each isolation groove is communicated with the rotor additional groove.

Adopt the beneficial effect that above-mentioned technical scheme brought:

the invention saves slip rings and electric brushes which are necessary for excitation of a brush motor, and realizes brushless excitation of a rotor excitation electric excitation motor; two motors, namely an auxiliary exciter and an exciter, which need to be added in the three-level brushless synchronous motor are omitted, and the size of the motor is reduced. The invention ensures that the permanent magnet can not obstruct the magnetic circuit of the stator excitation magnetic field or the harmonic magnetic field, and simultaneously ensures that the stator excitation magnetic field can use a proper magnetic circuit and the rotor yoke winding linkage to realize brushless excitation. The magnetic field generated by the permanent magnet can be superposed with the rotor excitation magnetic field in the air gap, so that the controllability of the air gap magnetic field is realized. Compared with the scheme that the excitation winding is arranged on the stator, the invention arranges the excitation winding on the rotor, and the excitation efficiency is higher.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic view of a stator structure of an electric machine;

FIG. 2 is a schematic view of a tangential permanent magnetic flux configuration;

FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of a tangential radial hybrid permanent magnet flux configuration;

FIG. 4 is a schematic view of a radial permanent magnet flux configuration;

FIG. 5 is a schematic view of a multi-piece radial permanent magnet flux configuration;

FIG. 6 is a schematic view of a single-polarity multi-block radial permanent magnetic flux configuration;

FIG. 7 is a schematic view of a single polarity electro-magnetic multiple radial permanent magnet flux configuration 1;

FIG. 8 is a schematic view of a single polarity electro-magnetic multiple radial permanent magnet flux configuration 2;

FIG. 9 is a schematic view of a single polarity electro-magnetic multiple radial permanent magnet flux structure 3;

FIG. 10 is a rotor yoke winding current rectification topology;

FIG. 11 is a schematic view of an additional pole piece winding configuration;

FIG. 12 is a topological diagram of the series connection of additional pole shoe windings and rotor yoke windings;

FIG. 13 is a topological diagram of a form of common rectification of the additional pole shoe windings and the rotor yoke windings;

FIG. 14 is a topological diagram of the parallel form of the additional pole shoe windings and the rotor yoke windings;

FIG. 15 is a schematic view of a tangential permanent magnet flux configuration for auxiliary rotor pole shoe slotting;

FIG. 16 is a schematic view of radial permanent magnet flux configuration for auxiliary rotor pole shoe slotting;

FIG. 17 is a schematic view of the structure of the combined action of the additional pole shoe windings, the rotor yoke windings and the rotor pole body windings;

description of reference numerals: 1. a stator core; 2. a stator armature winding; 3. a stator field winding; 4. a stator slot; 5. a rotor core; 6. a rotating shaft; 7. a rotor yoke winding; 8. a rotor direct current excitation winding; 9. an isolation trench; 10. a rotor additional groove; 11. a permanent magnet; 12. a rotor pole shoe portion winding; 13. a rotor pole shoe slot; 14. a rotor pole body winding; 15. a rotor pole body; 16. a rotor pole shoe; 17. a rotor core yoke portion; 18. a rotating rectifier.

Detailed Description

The technical scheme of the invention is explained in detail in the following with the accompanying drawings.

The invention designs a rotor multi-slot type induction excitation type hybrid excitation motor, wherein a stator armature winding is arranged in a stator slot, a rotor direct current excitation winding is arranged in a rotor slot, a plurality of rotor yoke slots are uniformly formed in a rotor core yoke, rotor yoke windings are arranged in the rotor yoke slots, rotor additional slots are formed in each rotor pole body, one end of each rotor additional slot is communicated with the corresponding rotor yoke slot, the other end of each rotor additional slot extends to the edge of a rotor pole shoe, a permanent magnet is arranged on the rotor core, and the rotor yoke windings are connected with the rotor direct current excitation winding through a rotating rectifier.

Fig. 1 shows an example of a stator part according to the invention, in which a direct current can be passed through the stator field winding 3, creating a stationary additional magnetic field in the air gap; an alternating current may also be passed to establish a rotating additional magnetic field in the air gap at a speed different from the speed of the rotor. The additional magnetic field cuts the rotor yoke windings. The rotor yoke winding, the rotor yoke winding and the rotor pole body winding generate induced potential, the induced potential is rectified by a rotating rectifier to provide rotor direct-current exciting current for the rotor direct-current exciting winding, and the magnetic field generated by the rotor direct-current exciting current induces the stator armature winding. The rotor additional slots ensure that the additional magnetic field is not short-circuited through the rotor pole shoes. Or the harmonic magnetic field can be directly used as an additional magnetic field induction rotor alternating current winding without installing a stator excitation winding. In addition, the induced potential of the additional magnetic field on the rotor direct-current excitation winding is 0V, and the induced potential of the magnetic field generated by the rotor excitation current of the rotor direct-current excitation winding on the stator excitation winding is 0V.

Because the magnetic resistance of the permanent magnet is very large, the design of the rotor scheme needs to ensure that the structure of the permanent magnet not only plays a role in enhancing the main air gap magnetic field, but also does not influence air gap harmonic waves or magnetic flux generated by the current of the stator excitation winding to enter an air gap and a winding chain of each winding of the rotor.

Fig. 2 shows a tangential permanent magnetic flux structure designed by the present invention, in which the pole pair of the opposite faces of adjacent permanent magnets is the same. And a rotor slot is formed in the rotor iron core, and a rotor direct-current excitation winding is placed in the rotor slot. The direct current excitation winding is arranged below the permanent magnet. The rotor yoke winding slots are arranged on the rotor core yoke, and rotor additional slots are arranged between the slotted slots of the rotor yoke in the middle of the adjacent rotor direct-current excitation winding slots and the air gap. When no exciting current is present, the permanent magnetic field is magnetically short-circuited along the rotor core. When stator exciting current is introduced, a magnetic field generated by the stator exciting current and a rotor alternating current winding chain are connected, and a rotor yoke winding is rectified by a rotating rectifier to supply power for a rotor direct current exciting winding. The rotor additional slot ensures that the stator excitation magnetic field cannot be magnetically short-circuited through a rotor pole shoe, and does not influence the paths of the permanent magnetic field and the rotor electric excitation magnetic field. This solution can also be designed as a tangential radial mixing of permanent magnets, as shown in fig. 3. The tangential and radial permanent magnetic fluxes are superimposed in the air gap. The radial magnetic flux permanent magnets are arranged on the surfaces of the pole shoes in an embedded mode, so that the magnetic short circuit of the stator excitation magnetic flux is prevented, and the air gap magnetic field is enhanced.

Fig. 4 is a radial permanent magnetic flux structure according to the present invention, in the permanent magnet design, the direction of the permanent magnetic field is the same as the direction of the magnetic field generated by the rotor dc excitation winding current, and each pole forms NS-interleaved magnetic poles. The pole arc design of the permanent magnet cannot be overlarge, and a passage is reserved for a stator excitation magnetic field and a rotor direct-current excitation magnetic field.

As shown in fig. 5, a multiple permanent magnet design is used, leaving core paths for the stator field and the rotor dc field. The permanent magnets may also be arranged in a single polarity. As shown in fig. 6, taking the permanent magnet on the remaining N pole as an example, the permanent magnetic flux starts from the N pole, passes through the air gap and the stator armature winding, and then returns to the air gap, and reaches the adjacent rotor pole body which is not provided with the permanent magnet and only wound with the rotor dc excitation winding. The magnetic field generated by the current in the rotor direct current excitation winding still magnetizes the rotor core poles according to the NS alternating rule. This solution also leaves only the permanent magnet on the S pole. In addition to the permanent magnets being designed to be unipolar, it is also possible to design the electrically excited portions to be unipolar.

The permanent magnets and the rotor direct current excitation winding coils can be installed on the same rotor pole body, as shown in fig. 7, the permanent magnets and the rotor direct current excitation winding coils are installed on every other rotor pole body, and the magnetic flux of the permanent magnets and the magnetic flux generated by the rotor direct current excitation current have the same direction. The magnetic flux starts from the permanent magnet and the N pole of the rotor direct current excitation winding coil, enters the air gap after being linked with the stator armature winding coil, then enters the iron core pole without the permanent magnet and the rotor direct current excitation winding coil, and returns to the permanent magnet and the S pole of the rotor direct current excitation winding coil through the rotor iron core yoke.

The permanent magnet and the rotor dc excitation winding coil may also be mounted on the same rotor pole body, as shown in fig. 8, for the permanent magnetic flux, the N pole is a permanent magnetic pole, and the other parts without the permanent magnet are iron core poles. The permanent magnetic flux starts from the N pole of the permanent magnet, enters the air gap, enters the rotor core body without the permanent magnet after being linked with the stator armature winding and returns to the S pole of the permanent magnet through the rotor yoke. The electric excitation magnetic flux starts from the N pole of the electric excitation coil, passes through the rotor core yoke, enters the rotor pole body provided with the permanent magnet, enters the air gap, is linked with the stator armature winding, enters the air gap and returns to the S pole of the rotor direct-current excitation winding coil. It is also possible to leave only the permanent magnets on the S poles and the rotor dc field winding coils on the N poles as shown in fig. 9.

The winding connection scheme is as shown in fig. 10, taking the design of the rotor yoke winding as three phases as an example, and providing electric energy for the rotor direct current excitation winding after being connected with the rotating rectifier.

Fig. 11 is an example of auxiliary rotor pole shoe grooving. The stator pole shoe portion winding is added to jointly induce a stator excitation magnetic field or an air gap harmonic magnetic field on the basis of mounting the rotor yoke portion winding. Taking the example that the rotor direct current excitation winding is designed to be unipolar, a rotor pole shoe portion groove is additionally arranged at a rotor pole shoe portion, and the rotor pole shoe portion winding is arranged inside the rotor pole shoe portion groove. The rotor pole shoe windings are identical to the rotor yoke windings and are used to induce a harmonic magnetic field in the air gap or a magnetic field generated by the stator excitation current. The number of rotor pole shoe windings and rotor yoke windings can be tailored as desired. The rotor pole shoe windings can be designed as single-layer windings or as double-layer windings, as single-phase windings, as two-phase windings, three-phase windings or multiple-phase windings. If the number of phases and the phase of the induced potential generated by the rotor pole shoe winding and the rotor yoke winding are the same as those of the induced potential generated by the rotor yoke winding, the two can be connected in series, and the series connection mode is shown in fig. 12 by taking the case that the number of phases of the rotor pole shoe winding and the rotor yoke winding is 3 as an example. The rotary rectifier may be half-wave or full-wave. The rotor yoke winding and the rotor pole shoe winding can be rectified at the same time, and the rectification mode can be half-wave rectification or full-wave rectification. Taking the case where the number of phases of the rotor pole-shoe portion winding and the rotor yoke portion winding is 3 as an example, the connection manner is as shown in fig. 13. The rotor yoke winding and the rotor pole shoe winding can also be respectively rectified in a half-wave rectification mode or a full-wave rectification mode, and then are connected in parallel at two ends of the rotor direct-current excitation winding, and the parallel connection mode is shown in fig. 14 by taking the case that the number of phases of the rotor pole shoe winding and the rotor yoke winding is 3 as an example.

The auxiliary rotor pole shoe slotting scheme for the tangential permanent magnet flux configuration is shown in fig. 15. An auxiliary rotor pole shoe slotting scheme for a radial permanent magnet flux configuration is shown in fig. 16. When each pole shoe is provided with the permanent magnet, the scheme is that the positions of the rotor pole shoe grooves and the permanent magnets do not influence the paths of magnetic fluxes generated by an air gap harmonic magnetic field and stator excitation winding current, and the magnetic flux paths of the rotor pole shoe grooves and the permanent magnets can be ensured to be a rotor pole shoe winding and a rotor yoke winding.

Rotor body windings may be slotted into the rotor body to induce a harmonic magnetic field or a stator field in the air gap as shown in fig. 17, and the rotor dc field windings are powered by a rotating rectifier. The rotor yoke portion winding, the rotor pole shoe portion winding and the rotor pole body winding respectively work independently or are installed in a pairwise combined mode to provide direct current for the rotor direct current excitation winding. The induction potential can also be obtained only by the induction of an air gap harmonic magnetic field by a rotor pole shoe winding or a magnetic field generated by stator exciting current, and then the power is supplied to the rotor direct-current exciting winding through the rotating rectifier. The motor can still work when only a permanent magnet or a rotor direct current excitation winding exists, and only the power is reduced.

The embodiments are only for illustrating the technical idea of the present invention, and the technical idea of the present invention is not limited thereto, and any modifications made on the basis of the technical scheme according to the technical idea of the present invention fall within the scope of the present invention.