阅读说明：本技术 通风机的锁闭装置 (Locking device for ventilator ) 是由 A·弗莱格 G·朗格内克 于 2019-05-16 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明涉及一种通风机的锁闭装置(1),所述锁闭装置用于锁闭转子(70)的一个旋转方向,借助所述转子可对所述通风机的通风机叶轮进行驱动,所述锁闭装置包括支承管(10)、转子轴(60)和空转套管(50),其中所述空转套管(50)容置在所述支承管(10)中并且与延伸穿过所述空转套管(50)的所述转子轴(60)抗旋连接,且其中所述空转套管(50)将所述转子轴(60)在所述转子的所述旋转方向上的至少相对于所述支承管(10)的旋转锁闭。(The invention relates to a locking device (1) for a ventilator for locking a direction of rotation of a rotor (70) by means of which a ventilator wheel of the ventilator can be driven, comprising a support tube (10), a rotor shaft (60) and a free-wheeling sleeve (50), wherein the free-wheeling sleeve (50) is accommodated in the support tube (10) and is connected in a rotationally fixed manner to the rotor shaft (60) extending through the free-wheeling sleeve (50), and wherein the free-wheeling sleeve (50) locks the rotor shaft (60) in the direction of rotation of the rotor at least with respect to the support tube (10).)

1. A locking device (1) of a ventilator for locking a direction of rotation of a rotor (70) by means of which a ventilator wheel of the ventilator can be driven, comprising a support tube (10), a rotor shaft (60) and a free-wheeling sleeve (50), wherein the free-wheeling sleeve (50) is accommodated in the support tube (10) and is connected in a rotationally fixed manner to the rotor shaft (60) extending through the free-wheeling sleeve (50), and wherein the free-wheeling sleeve (50) locks the rotor shaft (60) in the direction of rotation of the rotor at least with respect to the support tube (10).

2. Locking device according to the preceding claim, further comprising a sleeve (40) in which the idle sleeve (50) is secured against rotation, wherein the sleeve (40) limits the rotation of the idle sleeve (50) with respect to the support tube (10).

3. Locking device according to the preceding claim,

the sleeve (40) forms an abutment surface (41) in the axial direction (X) and the support tube (10) forms a stop surface (12), the abutment surface and the stop surface facing each other, and wherein,

the contact surface (41) of the sleeve (40) contacts the stop surface (12) of the support tube (10).

4. The lockout device of any preceding claim,

the rotor shaft (60) is mounted on the support tube (10) by means of at least one bearing (31).

5. The locking arrangement of the preceding claim,

a spring (20) is arranged between the bearing (31) and the sleeve (40), and separates the bearing (31) and the sleeve (50) along an axial direction (X).

6. Locking device according to the preceding claim,

the bearing (31) is tightened in an axial direction (X) and the spring (20) presses the abutment surface (41) of the sleeve (40) against the stop surface (12) of the support tube (10).

7. The lock-down device according to any one of the preceding claims 5 or 6,

the rotor shaft (60) is mounted in the support tube (10) by means of a first and a second bearing (31, 32) which are arranged at a distance from one another in the axial direction (X) and are tensioned against one another by the spring (20).

8. The lockout device of any preceding claim,

the support tube (10) has an inner wall-side groove (11), and the sleeve (40) has an axial head section of asymmetrical cross-section, which is embedded in the groove (11) of the support tube (10).

9. Locking device according to the preceding claim,

the groove (11) is formed larger in the circumferential direction than the head section of the sleeve (40), and allows the sleeve (40) to rotate by a predetermined angle in the circumferential direction.

10. The locking device of claim 8,

the groove (11) of the support tube (10) and the head section of the sleeve (40) are configured to cooperate with each other, and the rotation of the sleeve (40) in the circumferential direction is locked.

11. The lockout device of any preceding claim,

the sleeve (40) is arranged at a distance from the support tube (10) in the radial direction (R).

12. The locking device according to any one of the preceding claims 1 to 10,

the sleeve (40) bears radially (R) against the support tube (10).

13. Locking device according to the preceding claim,

the sleeve (40) is bonded with its outer side surface to the inner wall surface of the support tube (10).

14. The lockout device of any preceding claim,

said idle sleeve (50) forming an abutment surface in an axial direction (X) and said sleeve (40) forming a stop surface, said abutment surface and said stop surface facing each other, and wherein,

the abutment surface of the idle sleeve (50) abuts the stop surface of the sleeve (40).

15. Ventilator with a drive motor, a ventilator wheel drivable by the drive motor and a locking device (1) according to one of the preceding claims.

Technical Field

The invention relates to a locking device for a fan for locking a direction of rotation of a rotor that can drive a fan wheel of the fan.

Background

Various ventilators that can be driven by a motor are known in the prior art. The motor or the output shaft of the motor connected to the rotor is connected to the fan wheel, so that the fan wheel can be driven by the motor to rotate. The fan has at least one first predetermined direction of rotation, in which the fan wheel is actively driven and an air flow is established. When it is no longer necessary to create a flow, the motor is switched off. However, the air flow against the previously established flow may cause the ventilator wheel to rotate passively against the predetermined first rotational direction in a second, opposite rotational direction. This can lead to a subsequent or unsynchronized starting of the sensorless motor when the rotor is rotated against the predetermined first direction of rotation. The sensorless motor measures the rotor position required for starting, for example, by measuring on the stator winding, and measures the rotor position by measuring the rotor magnet position. If the rotor is rotated against the predetermined first direction of rotation, the correct rotor position cannot be determined or is difficult to determine.

In order to prevent the rotor from rotating passively, known embodiments in the prior art propose to provide the ventilator with a mechanical brake, which therefore becomes bulky and expensive. A known alternative is to achieve electrical self-locking by the motor, but this causes a permanent load on the motor and motor electronics, which shortens the service life of these components.

Disclosure of Invention

In view of the above, the object of the present invention is to overcome the above-mentioned disadvantages and to provide a locking device which can effectively prevent the rotor from rotating against the actively driven direction of rotation in a cost-effective manner.

This object is achieved by the combination of features according to claim 1.

To this end, the invention proposes a locking device for a fan for locking a direction of rotation of a rotor. The rotor can be used to drive a fan wheel of the fan. The locking device comprises a bearing tube, a rotor shaft and a free-running sleeve (freilaufhulse). An idle sleeve is received in the support tube and is rotationally fixedly connected with a rotor shaft extending through the idle sleeve. Furthermore, the free-wheeling sleeve locks the rotor shaft against rotation at least relative to the support tube in the direction of rotation of the rotor.

The direction of rotation in which the rotation of the rotor shaft is locked by the freewheel sleeve is a second direction of rotation opposite the predetermined first direction of rotation, through which the ventilator wheel forms a flow. In this way, the rotor shaft and the rotor connected to the rotor shaft can rotate in the first rotational direction, and the rotation in the second rotational direction is locked.

The free-running sleeves are known in the art as coaxial sleeves, which can be rotated relative to one another in one rotational direction and are locked in the opposite rotational direction. By connecting the rotor shaft directly to an idle sleeve supported directly or indirectly on the supporting tube, the rotation of the rotor shaft in one of the directions of rotation is blocked and rotation in the opposite direction of rotation is ensured.

In an advantageous further development, the locking device further comprises a sleeve which is fixed between the idle sleeve and the support tube. The free-running sleeve is secured in the sleeve in a rotationally fixed manner. In this embodiment, the sleeve limits rotation of the idler sleeve relative to the support tube. Since the rotor shaft is accommodated in the idle sleeve and the idle sleeve is accommodated in the sleeve, the sleeve also restricts the rotation of the rotor shaft relative to the support pipe.

Another advantageous technical solution provides that: the sleeve forms an abutment surface in the axial direction and the support tube forms a stop surface. The faces face each other. The abutment surface of the sleeve abuts the stop surface of the support tube, whereby the axial position of the sleeve in the support tube is determined.

In order to enable the rotor shaft to rotate about its axis of rotation in the support tube, the rotor shaft is mounted on or in the support tube by means of at least one bearing. The bearing can be a radial bearing or a combination of a radial bearing and an axial bearing, and is preferably constructed as a ball bearing. The rotor shaft is arranged concentrically in the supporting tube by means of a bearing, which is realized in that: the outer circumference of the bearing abuts the inner wall of the support tube and the inner circumference of the bearing abuts the rotor shaft. In the embodiment variant in which the sleeve (if provided) is arranged radially spaced apart from the support tube, the free-wheeling sleeve and the sleeve are likewise arranged concentrically with respect to the support tube by means of bearings.

In a further advantageous embodiment, a spring, in particular a compression spring, is provided between the bearing and the sleeve. The spring bears indirectly or directly against the sleeve and the bearing and separates them in the axial direction. For this purpose, a spring contact surface can be formed on the sleeve opposite the contact surface of the sleeve, against which the spring contacts in the axial direction. The spring extends inside the bearing tube toward the bearing and bears directly or by means of an annular washer against the spring contact surface.

Another embodiment provides that: the bearing is axially tightened and the spring presses the abutment surface of the sleeve against the stop surface of the support tube.

If the bearing is axially positioned relative to the support tube on the side facing away from the spring by means of the inner collar, the axial position of the sleeve is determined by the sleeve pressing against the stop face of the support tube.

Furthermore, the following alternative embodiment variants are particularly advantageous: the bearing is positioned axially relative to the rotor shaft on the side facing away from the spring by means of an outer collar. The spring is supported on the rotor shaft by a bearing and presses the sleeve against the support tube. Wherein the rotor shaft is spring loaded in tension in a direction from the sleeve towards the bearing. If the rotor shaft is mounted on the support tube in the opposite direction by means of a second bearing, this second bearing is pulled into the support tube and abuts against an axial stop of the second bearing.

Another advantageous embodiment provides that: the rotor shaft is mounted in the support tube by means of a first and a second bearing which are arranged axially at a distance from one another and are tensioned against one another by a spring.

In an advantageous further development, the support tube has an inner wall-side recess and the sleeve has an axial head section. The head section is oriented orthogonally to the axial direction with an asymmetric cross-section. A portion of the head section or the head section is embedded in the groove of the support tube. The abutment surface of the sleeve is preferably formed on the head section, and the spring abutment surface is formed on the head section on the side opposite to the abutment surface of the sleeve.

If the circumferential dimension of the recess is larger than the head section, the sleeve can be rotated in the support tube about the axis of rotation until the head section abuts, by rotation, against the limiting surface of the recess. Whereby the groove and the head section allow the sleeve to be rotated in the circumferential direction by a predetermined angle. By rotating the sleeve through a predetermined angle, the rotor or ventilator wheel can still rotate through a predetermined angle in the presence of the idle sleeve. This makes it possible, for example, for screws to be accessible or for adjustment to be carried out on the fan wheel. For example, an adhesive may be provided on the head section to allow rotation only to a predetermined angle during installation, but not during normal operation.

Alternatively, the groove of the support tube and the head section of the sleeve are configured to cooperate with each other. By this engagement, the rotation of the sleeve in its circumferential direction is locked, since the sleeve cannot rotate relative to the support tube. In particular, a clearance fit may be used. In this case, the head section does not bear against the recess or the support tube.

In an advantageous further development, the sleeve is arranged radially spaced from the support tube, so that the radial position of the sleeve and the idle sleeve is dependent on the rotor shaft. The rotor shaft is held concentrically in the bearing tube by the bearing, so that the position of the rotor shaft is avoided depending further on the additional contact point of the sleeve on the bearing tube.

Alternative implementation variants provide for: the sleeve bears radially against the support tube. But in this case it is preferred that: a bearing for supporting the spring is housed in the sleeve.

For this embodiment of the sleeve bearing against the support tube, the following advantageous further developments are proposed: the sleeve is bonded with its outer side surface to the inner wall surface of the support pipe. The adhesive layer also helps to achieve the orientation of the sleeve in the support tube.

In order to determine the position of the idle sleeve in the support tube precisely, an advantageous embodiment of the invention provides for: the idle sleeve forms an abutment surface in the axial direction and the sleeve forms a stop surface. The faces face each other. The contact surface of the free-running sleeve contacts the stop surface of the sleeve. The position of the sleeve depends on the abutment surface of the sleeve and the stop surface of the support tube, and the axial position of the free-wheeling sleeve in the support tube depends on the position of the sleeve.

The invention also comprises a fan having a drive motor, a fan wheel which can be driven by the drive motor, and a locking device according to the invention for locking the rotation of the fan wheel in one direction of rotation.

Drawings

With regard to further advantageous developments of the invention, reference is made to the dependent claims, which are described in detail below with reference to the figures in conjunction with preferred embodiments of the invention. Wherein:

FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view of a first embodiment variant of a locking device;

FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view of the locking device orthogonal to the axis of rotation;

FIG. 3 is a second cross-sectional view of the latch of FIG. 1 after being rotated 90 about the pivot axis;

fig. 4 is a sectional view of a second embodiment variant of the locking device.

Detailed Description

The figures are schematic illustrations. In the drawings, like reference numerals refer to like functional and/or structural features.

In the locking device 1 for a ventilator (not shown) shown in fig. 1, 3 and 4, the rotor shaft 60 extends through the support tube 10 along the axis of rotation (shown in dash-dot lines). The rotor shaft 60 is mounted relative to the support tube 10 by means of a bearing arrangement consisting of a first bearing 31 and a second bearing 32. The free-wheeling sleeve 50 is fitted over a section of the rotor shaft 60 and is connected to the rotor shaft in a rotationally fixed manner, for example in a clamping manner. The support tube 10 engages on its underside with a flange 14, by means of which the locking device 1 can be fastened, for example, to a base plate or a housing. The rotor 70 is connected in a rotationally fixed manner to the rotor shaft 60 on the side of the rotor shaft 60 facing away from the flange 14, wherein the rotor 70 is mounted around the rotor shaft by means of a bearing arrangement of the rotor shaft 60. The connection of the rotor shaft 60 to the rotor 70 is such that rotation of the rotor 70 corresponds to rotation of the rotor shaft 60 and vice versa. The ventilator wheel, not shown in the figures, is driven by means of a rotor 70.

The idle sleeve 50 locks the rotation of the rotor shaft 60, the rotor 70 and the ventilator wheel, not shown in the figures, in one direction of rotation about the axis of rotation, wherein in the illustrated embodiment the idle sleeve is not directly supported on the support tube 10, but is accommodated in a sleeve 40 which is arranged between the idle sleeve 50 and the support tube 10.

Fig. 1 and 3 show the locking device 1 in different views from each other. The locking device 1 of fig. 3 has been rotated by 90 ° about a rotational axis, which is represented as a dot-dash line, with respect to the view in fig. 1, but is shown in section or in half-section, as is the locking device 1 in fig. 1. The sleeve 40 does not abut the support tube 10 in the radial direction R. The position of the rotor shaft 60, the position of the idle sleeve 50 provided on the rotor shaft 60 and the position of the sleeve 40 depend on the bearing arrangement of the rotor shaft 60. The distance between the sleeve 40 and the support tube 10 is such that the sleeve 40 can rotate with the idle sleeve 50 and the rotor shaft 60 in both rotational directions to a small extent, wherein this rotation is limited by the shape of the sleeve 40, in particular by the shape of the asymmetric section of the sleeve 40.

Fig. 2 shows the sleeve 40 and the surrounding support tube 10 partially in a top view. The sleeve 40 of fig. 2 corresponds to the sleeve 40 of fig. 1 and 3 and has a head section in which the sleeve is substantially oval. Two extensions projecting with respect to the circular basic shape of the sleeve 40 form an anti-twist lock. The extension is inserted into the groove 11 of the support tube 10, wherein a small gap remains between the extension and the support tube 10, and the sleeve 40 is arranged spaced apart from the support tube 10 in the radial direction R. The sleeve 40 is rotatable about the axis of rotation in the directions of rotation U1 and U2 until the plurality of extensions or at least one extension abuts the support tube 10. The direction of rotation U1 corresponds to the predetermined direction of rotation used to create flow and is not locked by the lost motion sleeve 50. Rotation of the rotor shaft 60 relative to the sleeve in the opposite rotational direction U2 is inhibited or locked by the lost motion sleeve 50. It can also be seen in fig. 2 that the support tube 10, the sleeve 40, the idle sleeve 50 and the rotor shaft 60 are concentrically arranged with respect to each other.

In the locking device 1 shown in fig. 1 and 3, the sleeve 40 with its contact surface 41 contacts the stop surface 12 of the support tube 10, which is oriented in the axial direction X. A spring contact surface against which the spring 20 contacts is formed on the side of the sleeve 40 opposite the contact surface 41. The spring 20 is arranged between the sleeve 40 and the first bearing 31. By fastening the first bearing 31 to the rotor shaft 60 in the axial direction X on the side of the first bearing 31 facing away from the sleeve 40, for example by means of an outer collar (not shown), the sleeve 40 or the contact surface 41 of the sleeve 40 is pressed against the stop surface 12 of the support tube 10 by the action of the spring 20. At the same time, the first bearing 31 and the rotor shaft 60 are pushed toward the flange 14 by the spring 20 along with the first bearing 31. However, since the rotor shaft 60 is pressed by the second bearing 32 against the bearing surface 13 of the bearing tube 10 facing away from the stop surface 12, the rotor shaft 60 cannot move in the direction of the flange 14, but instead the bearing arrangement, i.e. the first and second bearings 31, 32, is tensioned by the spring 20.

In the embodiment of the locking device 1 shown in fig. 4, the first and second bearings 31, 32 are likewise tensioned against each other by the spring 20. The sleeve 40 is directly applied to the support tube 10 at least in its lower section and is glued to the support tube. The spring 20 and the first bearing 31 are arranged in the sleeve 40. Since the sleeve 40 is bonded to the support tube 10, the rotation of the sleeve relative to the support tube 10 is not only restricted but is completely locked.