阅读说明：本技术 用于给人员通气供氧的自主飞行器 (Autonomous aircraft for ventilating and oxygen-supplying persons ) 是由 T.D.威斯纳 M.博彻斯 F.明特 K.里德尔 于 2020-04-01 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明涉及一种用于给至少一名人员通气供氧的自主飞行器(10)。在火灾、事故或医疗紧急情况下可能需要通气供氧。使用按照本发明的飞行器(10)应该在这些情况或类似情况中快速地并且与无关于使用地的交通连接或者当前交通状况地、向人员提供用于通气供氧的救助手段,从而在急诊医生或其他救援人员到达之前稳定人员的状态并且增加生存几率。在此规定,按照本发明的飞行器(10)设计有用于在建筑物之内和/或之外定位的工具、用于检测周围环境的工具、用于为至少一名人员通气供氧的工具和通讯工具。(The invention relates to an autonomous aircraft (10) for ventilating and oxygen supplying at least one person. Ventilation may be required in case of fire, accident or medical emergency. The use of the aircraft (10) according to the invention should, in these or similar situations, provide rescue means for ventilating and oxygen supply to persons quickly and in connection with traffic irrespective of the use or the current traffic situation, in order to stabilize the state of the persons and to increase the chances of survival before the arrival of emergency doctors or other rescuers. It is provided that the aircraft (10) according to the invention is designed with means for positioning inside and/or outside a building, means for detecting the surroundings, means for ventilating and oxygen-supplying at least one person and communication means.)

1. An autonomous aircraft (10) designed for ventilating and oxygen supplying at least one person, wherein the autonomous aircraft (10) is designed with:

a tool for positioning inside and/or outside a building,

means for detecting the surroundings of the vehicle,

means for ventilating and supplying oxygen to at least one person, and

communication means for exchanging position data and/or information,

and the autonomous aircraft (10) is designed with tools for facial recognition.

2. The autonomous aircraft (10) of claim 1, characterized in that the means for ventilation include at least one oxygen reservoir (30) and/or at least one oxygen mask (34).

3. The autonomous aircraft (10) of claim 2, characterized in that the at least one oxygen mask is extendable.

4. The autonomous aircraft (10) of any preceding claim, characterized in that the autonomous aircraft (10) has means for providing information and/or guidance for ventilation oxygenation.

5. The autonomous aircraft (10) of claim 4, characterized in that the means for providing information and/or guidance for ventilation oxygenation comprise at least one monitor, at least one display, at least one projector (18), at least one microphone and/or at least one speaker.

6. The autonomous aircraft (10) according to any of the preceding claims, characterized in that the means for locating inside and/or outside a building comprise at least one GPS receiver, a sensor for detecting spatial information and/or means for determining position information based on images.

7. The autonomous aircraft (10) according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the means for detecting the surrounding environment comprise at least one camera (14), at least one sensor (20) and/or means for illuminating the surrounding environment (16).

8. The autonomous aircraft (10) according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the autonomous aircraft (10) can be called by means of an emergency call function of a mobile terminal and/or of a vehicle, in particular by transmitting current location information.

9. Method for ventilating and oxygen supplying at least one person using an autonomous aircraft (10) according to any of the preceding claims, having at least the following steps:

-communicating a ventilation oxygen demand to the autonomous aircraft (10),

-transmitting the target location of the ventilation oxygen demand to the autonomous aircraft (10),

-the autonomous aircraft (10) flying towards the target location of ventilation oxygen demand,

detecting the surroundings and at least one person to be ventilated and supplied with oxygen at the target location of the ventilation and supply demand,

detecting the face of said at least one person to be ventilated and supplied with oxygen, and

placing an oxygen mask on the face of the at least one person to be ventilated and supplied with oxygen.

Technical Field

The invention relates to an autonomous aircraft for ventilating and oxygen-supplying persons and to a method for ventilating and oxygen-supplying persons using an aircraft according to the invention.

Background

In the event of an accident or disaster, the arrival of rescuers at the scene to assist the injured person is critical to whether they survive or to what extent they suffer secondary injury. The time before the arrival of the rescue is particularly critical in situations where the person is no longer breathing or is breathing difficult or non-breathing, such as in a fire, an accident with a risk of drowning on or in water, etc. Although in germany there is a so-called help period, i.e. a time period, in which the rescuer and/or firefighter should arrive at the victim or the person concerned, in 95% of the cases that occur. The help period is specific to each federal state, typically between 10 and 15 minutes. However, in the case of respiratory limitation or apnea, the time period may be too long to prevent secondary injury or death of the injured person or related person.

Furthermore, the time required for the team of medical personnel (i.e., emergency doctors and/or paramedics) to arrive at the place of action depends on the distance and the current traffic situation at the time of the emergency. While rescuers and fire brigades can use flashing blue lights and sirens to advance, thereby facilitating faster progress, situations that impede progress are always possible. And reachability itself (e.g., when a street is out of the way in the event of a disaster) affects the time of arrival of the rescue team. Therefore, there is a need to develop solutions to provide prompt assistance in situations where ventilatory and oxygen supply is required, preferably prior to the arrival of emergency doctors and/or paramedics and whether in transit or in road connection with the place of action.

Different aircraft for rescuing injured persons are known from the prior art. However, these are usually manned, are limited to outdoor use, i.e. use outside buildings, and/or are equipped for medical first aid in a general sense.

https://www.ingenieur.de/technik/fachgebiete/medizin/drohne-eil- herzstillsta nd-defibrillator-hilfe/Website addresses disclose a drone capable of autonomously delivering medical equipment for first aid to a person in need of assistance. The drone is also adapted to provide breathing equipment for persons threatened by fire.

Document DE 102009015928 a1 discloses a breathing apparatus for ventilation and oxygen supply, which takes into account an optional oxygen mixture. In which means are provided by which the breathing gas can be enriched with oxygen and can be supplied to the patient via a corresponding mask.

Disclosure of Invention

The object of the present invention is therefore to provide a rescue means with which ventilation and oxygen supply can be rapidly provided in the case of an emergency as described above, irrespective of the location of the emergency and the current traffic situation, so that persons undergoing medical emergency treatment are ventilated and supplied with oxygen before the arrival of emergency doctors and/or nursing staff, and the survival opportunities are increased.

The above object is achieved by an autonomous aircraft designed for ventilating and oxygen supply to at least one person, wherein the autonomous aircraft is designed with:

a tool for positioning inside and/or outside a building,

means for detecting the surroundings of the vehicle,

means for ventilating and supplying oxygen to at least one person, and

communication means for exchanging position data and/or information,

and the autonomous aerial vehicle is designed with tools for facial recognition.

The autonomous aircraft according to the invention is designed for ventilating and oxygen supplying at least one person. It is therefore designed with means for positioning inside and/or outside the building, means for detecting the surroundings, means for ventilating and oxygen supply to at least one person and communication means for exchanging position data and/or information.

According to the invention, the aircraft design has tools for facial recognition. A person can first be identified by means of facial recognition. Furthermore, it also enables the search and finding of persons, when only the approximate place of stay of the person is known. For example, facial recognition can be carried out in a manner known per se from an image provided by the device for detecting the surroundings and from a suitable evaluation mechanism of said image. Furthermore, the facial recognition further enables the recognition of the mouth and nose of the person to be ventilated and supplied with oxygen, so that the aircraft according to the invention enables the targeted and correct placement of the oxygen mask on the face of the person to be ventilated and supplied with oxygen.

An autonomous aircraft should be understood as an aircraft that does not require a pilot to reach its place of use. The aircraft flies to its place of use for providing ventilation oxygen supply, according to information about the location of the rescue situation. In the sense of the present invention, a rescue situation is understood as an emergency situation in which at least one person must be ventilated and supplied with oxygen. In addition, the necessity of ventilation and oxygen supply is also reflected in fire, disaster or drowning rescue. And aeration of oxygen may be required in various accidents.

The autonomous aircraft according to the invention is therefore provided with means for positioning inside and/or outside the building.

As a conventional tool for the localization of objects outside a building, localization by GPS, for example, can be cited, but the design of the autonomous aircraft according to the invention is not limited to this. Other means that allow the determination of the precise location of an autonomous aircraft within and/or outside a building are within the scope of the present invention and will be set forth below. Various methods can be used for determining the position of the autonomous aircraft, which allow positioning either inside or outside the building or both inside and outside the building.

The position of an autonomous aircraft is here related not only to the forward progress and the way finding of said autonomous aircraft, but also to an upper-level rescue system, for example a rescue dispatch center coordinating and controlling the rescue actions. The location must therefore also be able to be communicated from the autonomous aircraft to other people, for example a dispatch center for rescue actions. This also helps to find the person to be ventilated and supplied with oxygen more quickly when the emergency doctor and/or medical staff arrives at the place of action. The personnel to be ventilated and supplied with oxygen can be quickly found according to the position of the autonomous aircraft.

In addition, the autonomous aircraft comprises means for detecting the surrounding environment. When the aircraft arrives at the place of use, the current overall situation must first be detected and judged. Even if information on the place of use and the rescue situation has been previously transmitted and evaluated during an emergency call, the conditions of the place of use may change rapidly, sometimes accidentally. It is therefore advantageous when the autonomous aircraft provides means for detecting the surroundings. By means of the means for detecting the surroundings, the autonomous aircraft should detect the surroundings in a spatial sense, that is to say whether and which obstacles or dangers aggravate the difficulty of the rescue situation, the number of persons to be ventilated and supplied with oxygen and/or deviate from the previously transmitted information about the rescue situation. This can be done either automatically within the autonomous aircraft or by transmission of the detected surroundings to a rescue dispatch center.

The autonomous aircraft is designed with means for ventilating and oxygen supply to at least one person. The term "means for supplying oxygen to at least one person" is to be understood as meaning all means, devices and apparatuses which are capable of causing and ensuring the supply of oxygen or an air mixture to at least one person for the purpose of ventilating at least one person. Of course, it may also be a means of ventilating more than one person with oxygen.

In addition, the autonomous aircraft is also designed with communication means for exchanging position data and/or information. The communication means should include all technical possibilities for transmitting the current position of the autonomous aircraft and/or information of or from the autonomous aircraft to, for example, a rescue dispatch center, and for transmitting information from, for example, the rescue dispatch center to or into the autonomous aircraft. This enables a continuous analysis of the situation and an adjustment of all necessary measures in the use situation. With regard to the communication means, transmission may also be understood as transmission. The communication means are therefore transmission means, for example transmission and reception devices for transmitting information in a mobile radio network.

In the simplest case and by way of example only, the autonomous aircraft may be designed as a drone equipped with a GPS system for positioning and a mobile portal (or interface) to the internet or a mobile radio connection as a communication means. With such drones, the means of ventilation and oxygen supply can be brought to the place of use without hindrance by road traffic or other restrictions. The aircraft according to the invention thus makes it possible to reach rapidly the person or persons who need ventilation and oxygen supply, irrespective of the degree of connection to the traffic network at the point of use, whether the traffic connection is disturbed or broken, or the traffic situation at the point of use. According to the invention, a flying team for ventilating and supplying oxygen to a plurality of persons, i.e. more than one autonomous aircraft, can also take off to the place of use, as will be explained below. The means for detecting the surroundings can, on the one hand, adapt the course or the program of the drone to the situation and, on the other hand, can transmit this information directly from the place of use to the rescue dispatch center and/or to the rescuers who are going to the place of action, so that they can prepare for the particular situation of action.

In a first preferred embodiment, the means for ventilation and oxygen supply comprises at least one oxygen reservoir and/or at least one oxygen mask. An oxygen reservoir is to be understood here as meaning a container in which an air mixture, in particular pure oxygen, is contained for the aeration of persons. Suitable forms are, for example, oxygen cylinders with a filling volume of 2 liters, 5 liters or 10 liters, since these can be replaced quickly and simply as soon as they have been used up. In the aircraft according to the invention, an internal oxygen reservoir can also be provided and filled with oxygen or an air mixture for ventilating and supplying one or more persons.

An oxygen mask is a device that covers the face or at least the nose and mouth, so as to enable the inhalation of oxygen or air mixtures for the ventilation of persons under rescue conditions, especially when external conditions are difficult.

Preferably, the at least one oxygen mask is connected to the at least one oxygen reservoir. The oxygen mask can be connected directly to the oxygen reservoir or arranged thereon, but the oxygen mask can also be connected to the oxygen reservoir by means of a cannula through which oxygen or an air mixture is conveyed from the oxygen reservoir to the oxygen mask for supplying oxygen to the person. The aircraft according to the invention can also have a plurality of oxygen masks and/or a plurality of oxygen stores, wherein a plurality of oxygen masks can also be connected to an oxygen store.

In addition, the at least one oxygen mask is preferably designed to be extendable. It is thus provided that, on the one hand, at least one oxygen mask can be safely stowed in or on the autonomous aircraft during transport, so as to prevent damage or loss, and, on the other hand, that at least one oxygen mask can be moved to the person to be ventilated and supplied with oxygen, so that the autonomous aircraft remains at a sufficiently safe distance from the person to be ventilated and supplied with oxygen. In addition, the oxygen masks may also project to the persons to be ventilated and supplied with oxygen, who, due to obstacles, cannot fly directly close to them. The oxygen mask is moved from a transport position to a ventilation and oxygen supply position, wherein the oxygen mask is moved substantially away from the aircraft and the person to be ventilated is moved, wherein the oxygen mask remains connected to the oxygen storage device.

The oxygen mask may be extended, for example, by an oxygen tube which is connected to the at least one oxygen reservoir and which forms a mechanical component which is pushed away, in particular electrically, along the longitudinal axis of the tube. By having a suitable design of the adjustment member, any shape or any orientation of the cannula relative to its longitudinal axis can be adjusted when extended. Another exemplary variant is a design with a sleeve which is held and guided by means of a robotic arm for adjusting the extension position.

In a further embodiment of the invention, the autonomous aircraft has means for providing information and/or guidance for ventilating and oxygen supply to the person.

The means for providing information and/or guidance for the ventilation and oxygen supply of a person should be understood as meaning all technical possibilities of being able to transmit information and/or guidance for the ventilation and oxygen supply of a person to an information receiver, for example a passer-by, emergency personnel or a person to be ventilated and oxygen supplied while still awake. Furthermore, ventilatory ventilation guidance is behavioral guidance, such as how to put on an oxygen mask or how to make it easier for a person to breathe (e.g., in the case of asthma).

However, these instructions may also include methods of calming emergency personnel and/or the person to be ventilated and ventilated, for example by playing calming music or by means of standardized questions posed by voice control, for example with respect to name, weather, etc. Emergency personnel are to be understood here as persons who supply medical emergencies, in particular ventilation and oxygen to the persons who are to be ventilated and oxygen supplied.

Information provided by suitable means of the aircraft according to the invention is, for example, indications about the presence of rescuers on the road, how far they are or when they arrive, or whether the surroundings are at risk, so that measures must be taken for removing the injured person and the emergency personnel from the hazardous area or for eliminating the risk. Such information may be stored in the autonomous aircraft in a suitable manner, preferably saved and/or exhaled in connection with environmental detection. Alternatively or additionally, the information can also be transmitted from the outside, for example from a rescue dispatch center, to the aircraft according to the invention.

The means for providing information and/or guidance for ventilation and oxygen supply to a person may comprise at least one monitor, at least one display, at least one projector, at least one microphone and/or at least one loudspeaker.

The monitor and/or display is adapted to convey information containing images in the form of images or video and/or text-based information and/or directions. Thus, the aircraft according to the invention can be designed with a monitor and/or display which can be safely retracted or folded in the flight position so that the monitor and/or display is not damaged during flight. The monitor and/or display may then be moved from the flight position to an application position at the point of use, where it is visible to emergency personnel or personnel to be ventilated and supplied with oxygen.

Alternatively or additionally, at least one microphone can be provided, by means of which emergency personnel or persons to be ventilated and supplied with oxygen can communicate by voice with the autonomous aircraft and/or with a rescue dispatch center and/or an emergency doctor connected thereto. The answers and/or other audible information may be transmitted by means of at least one speaker. In this way, emergency personnel may also ask a rescue dispatch center and/or emergency doctor about problems caused during a medical emergency.

The aircraft particularly advantageously has at least one projector. Using one or more projectors, image-containing and/or text-based information may be projected and transferred to a plane of the surroundings of the place of use. In addition, one or more projectors may also be used to mark areas or isolated areas around one or more persons to be supplied with oxygen that are accessible only to rescue personnel. In addition, if the person to be ventilated and supplied with oxygen is conscious and can move forward independently, one or more projectors may project waypoint and/or directional displays on a plane of the environment surrounding the person to be ventilated and supplied with oxygen for guiding the person out of the danger area and into safety. Preferably, this is supported by illumination of the surrounding area by means of headlights or the like.

In a further preferred embodiment, the means for locating inside and/or outside the building comprise at least one GPS receiver, a sensor for detecting spatial information and/or means for determining location information on the basis of images. As already explained, these can be designed for indoor-only positioning, for out-of-building positioning only, or for both.

The sensor for detecting spatial information may be, for example, an air pressure sensor, which is designed to detect changes in air pressure with increasing altitude, for example to determine the floor on which a person can be found in a building. And from the images or videos collected by means of a camera or other imaging method, the position can be recognized by a suitable method on the basis of the feature objects and can be determined therefrom. Furthermore, doorplates such as doorplates, names, company names and/or room numbers in office buildings may give conclusions about the location in the building.

Another method for indoor and external positioning of buildings is commonly referred to simply as "terrestrial GPS". In this case, a plurality of transmitters which transmit GPS-synchronized time signals are distributed over a large area, for example in a city and/or a company site and/or a building. These signals can be received by means of a suitable receiving device and the position of the location of the receiving device can be determined by means of triangulation. Other methods by means of WLAN or bluetooth low energy are also possible for determining the position of the aircraft according to the invention.

In a further embodiment of the aircraft according to the invention, the means for detecting the surroundings comprise at least one camera, at least one sensor and/or means for illumination of the surroundings.

At least one camera is used for image-containing detection of the surroundings by means of images or video. This enables the detection of the surrounding environment, including the image, and transmits it to the rescue dispatch center, emergency doctor and/or caregiver so that they can have a general understanding of the rescue situation.

The specified sensors are designed to detect or detect, for example, the temperature, the air pressure, the air humidity and/or the presence of contaminants. The exemplary embodiment also includes the detection of the surroundings by means of a radar sensor or an ultrasonic sensor. Obstacles and thus walls, passages etc. can be detected by means of radar sensors or ultrasonic sensors. Thermal signals from persons requiring assistance and/or ventilation may be detected using thermal sensors.

By means of the sensors in the autonomous aircraft, it is possible for the crew to know before reaching the place of action, for example in the fire environment, whether contaminants have been released as a result of the fire, and then to put on the respirator itself on the one hand, and on the other hand, to carry out corresponding preparations for the treatment of the crew on the place of action.

The means for illuminating the surroundings are of great benefit, since by means of them it is possible to check the surroundings in a rational manner, whether by emergency doctors and/or by medical personnel or by means of cameras. The means for illumination are particularly preferably headlamps. The surroundings of the aircraft according to the invention can be illuminated with at least one headlight, so that a search for persons to be ventilated and supplied with oxygen, or a detection of the surroundings by means of a camera or the like, in a dark room or in the absence of daylight, is possible. . At the same time, the rescuers can find the autonomous aircraft and thus the person to be ventilated and supplied with oxygen more quickly by illumination when they arrive. The aircraft according to the invention preferably has a plurality of headlights which are ideally oriented in different directions, so that the surroundings of the autonomous aircraft can be illuminated in a targeted and selective manner.

In a further embodiment, the aircraft can be called by means of an emergency call function of the mobile terminal and/or the vehicle, in particular if current position information is transmitted.

Such as tablet computers or mobile phones, and even vehicles today often have emergency call functionality. Using the emergency call function, a user may trigger an emergency call in case of an emergency, for example in the form of a call. This may be achieved by the user through active activation of a corresponding control element in the mobile terminal or vehicle, or automatically when an emergency situation is detected by the mobile terminal or vehicle. Emergency situations are usually detected from sensor data, e.g. the sensors indicate that an accident has occurred. Instead of transmitting a voice call for an emergency event, information detected by a mobile terminal or a vehicle through a sensor may also be transmitted as an emergency call. In all variants, the current location of the mobile terminal and/or vehicle and thus the location of the emergency situation is preferably transmitted.

After triggering the emergency call, it can be transmitted directly to a rescue dispatch center, from which the start of one or more aircraft is then triggered, or a means for ventilating and oxygen supply to one or more persons is provided.

In the alternative, the emergency call is not or not only sent to the rescue dispatch center, but directly to a nearby aircraft according to the invention. This minimizes the time between triggering of the emergency call and the takeoff of the aircraft. This may be achieved, for example, by means of an application on a mobile terminal or in a vehicle, in which the location of available autonomous aircraft is stored. In addition, it is also possible to communicate directly with the autonomous aircraft by means of said application. In the event of an emergency, the application program acquires the nearest location of the aircraft according to the invention, transmits an emergency call to the aircraft, and the aircraft then takes off to the place of use. At the same time or later, the necessary information will be transmitted to a rescue dispatch center, which takes the emergency doctor and/or the caregiver to the scene.

Of course, an emergency may also be detected by means of a smoke alarm or other means of building monitoring and transmitted to the rescue dispatch center and/or the aircraft according to the invention. The procedure already described here is also applicable to this variant of triggering an emergency call.

The invention accordingly also relates to a method for the ventilation and oxygen supply of at least one person using an autonomous aircraft according to the invention, said method having at least the following steps:

-communicating a ventilation and oxygen supply requirement to the aircraft,

-transmitting the target location of the ventilation oxygen demand to an aircraft,

-flying towards the target location of the ventilation oxygen demand,

-detecting the surroundings and at least one person to be ventilated and oxygenated at the target location of the ventilation and oxygenation requirements,

-detecting the face of said at least one person to be ventilated and ventilated, and

-placing an oxygen mask on the face of the at least one person to be ventilated and supplied with oxygen.

The need for ventilation and oxygen supply is here information that one or more persons must be ventilated and supplied with oxygen. As already stated, this information is transmitted to the rescue dispatch center and/or directly to the aircraft by way of an emergency call. The approximate location or the exact location (if possible) of the person or persons to be ventilated and supplied with oxygen is also delivered. The location is a target location of the autonomous aircraft. The aircraft immediately takes off and flies to the target location. Further information and/or altered information may be communicated to the autonomous aircraft during flight.

After reaching the target location, the autonomous aircraft will determine a smaller range of surroundings by means of the means for detecting the surroundings and, if necessary, the exact location of one or more persons to be ventilated and supplied with oxygen. If one or more persons to be ventilated and supplied with oxygen are detected at the target location, the face of the person to be ventilated and supplied with oxygen is detected and an oxygen mask is placed on the face, in particular by removing the protruding mask as already described. If the aircraft is equipped with a plurality of oxygen masks and a second person to be ventilated and supplied with oxygen is located in the immediate vicinity and thus within the range of action of the second oxygen mask, the face of this person can also be detected and the oxygen mask placed on it.

If other persons with the need for ventilation and oxygen supply are detected during the shooting of the surrounding environment, the need for ventilation and oxygen supply can be transmitted to the rescue dispatch center through the communication tool, so that more aircrafts according to the invention can be delivered to the target position.

Preferably, the aircraft according to the invention is located on the roof or other higher up in an urban or rural area. A fixed arrangement of the interior of the building is also within the meaning of the invention. The energy stores of the aircraft are charged at a fixed arrangement, and they can be serviced and/or refilled with an oxygen and air mixture for the ventilation of personnel. In order to protect them against bad weather and/or damage, they may be provided in boxes or compartments which can be designed to be closable. Alternatively, the aircraft according to the invention may fly to a nearby maintenance station after its use is complete or when the energy storage and/or oxygen storage has been exhausted, and may return to its original position after maintenance and/or refilling of the oxygen storage.

The autonomous aircraft according to the invention can be used in a variety of application scenarios. Some examples are fires in buildings, ventilation of persons who are rescued from drowning, medical emergencies after an accident or aircraft fires in emergency landings.

The various embodiments of the invention mentioned in the present application can be advantageously combined with one another, unless otherwise stated in individual cases.

Drawings

The present invention is explained below in exemplary embodiments based on the drawings. In the drawings:

fig. 1 shows a perspective view of an aircraft according to the invention, viewed obliquely from below, in an exemplary design.

Detailed Description

Fig. 1 shows an aircraft 10 according to the invention, which is provided with four rotors 12. In addition, the autonomous aircraft 10 has tools (not shown) for the positioning of the inside and outside of the building, so as to be able to be used in both areas and in a combination of these areas. A GPS receiver is provided for use outside a building, and for location verification by means of an image-based method indoors.

The autonomous aircraft 10 is also equipped with communication means (not shown) for exchanging information and position data, so that for example the position of the aircraft 10 can be transmitted via a mobile radio network to a rescue dispatch center, and the rescue dispatch center can transmit the target position or further information for the use case to the autonomous aircraft 10.

The base body of the aircraft 10 is designed approximately as a cuboid and has, at its rounded corners, headlights 16 for illuminating the surroundings. The four headlamps 16 can be switched on and off independently of one another in order to illuminate the surroundings in a targeted and selective manner. The camera 14 and the sensor 20 are specified for detecting the surroundings. Some sensors 20 on the aircraft 10 are designed for detecting the surroundings by means of radar.

Thus, the aircraft 10 may use the camera 14 and the sensor 20 to detect the surroundings, i.e. for example whether there are obstacles in its flight path, but the aircraft 10 may also detect one or more persons to be ventilated and supplied with oxygen. The image and/or video created with the camera 14 can be analyzed by an internal evaluation unit or it can be transmitted to a rescue dispatch center and evaluated there.

One of the cameras 14 is designed to take thermal images. Thermography is applied to visualize infrared radiation to infer the presence of a heat source (e.g. a person) from temperature differences in the image or video.

In addition, by means of the sensor 20, it is possible to detect contaminants and to obtain altitude information, which, for example, makes it possible to draw conclusions about the floors in a building on which persons requiring ventilation and oxygen supply are located.

The aircraft is designed with tools for facial recognition (not shown). The images collected by means of the camera 14 are thus analyzed for inferring the presence of a person and further the position of the face. Based on the evaluation by means of facial recognition, the autonomous aircraft 10 may place an oxygen mask 34 on the face, but at least on the mouth and nose, of the person to be ventilated and supplied with oxygen.

To this end, in the exemplary embodiment, autonomous aircraft 10 extends oxygen reservoir 30, cannula 32, and oxygen mask 34 from a transport location to a ventilation oxygen supply location, as shown in fig. 1. The oxygen reservoir 30 is filled with oxygen or an air mixture for ventilating the person. The oxygen mask 34 and the oxygen reservoir 30 are connected to each other by a cannula 32. Oxygen or an air mixture for ventilating and supplying persons can be transported from the oxygen reservoir 30 to the oxygen mask 34 by means of the cannula 32. The sleeve 32 is designed such that the length of the sleeve and the course of the sleeve along the longitudinal axis of the sleeve can be adjusted, so that the supply of breathing by personnel can be ensured and the personnel cannot be endangered by too close an aircraft 10.

The oxygen mask 34 is designed with two sensors 36. By means of these sensors, contact of the oxygen mask 34 with the person to be ventilated and supplied with oxygen, i.e. the correct placement, can be detected.

In addition, the aircraft 10 is designed with a projector 18. If the person to be ventilated and supplied with oxygen is conscious, the information may be projected on the floor close to him in order to communicate the information to him. The information may be a request for the arrival of a rescuer or for moving away from the hazardous area and a directional display for achieving this request.

Two application scenarios are outlined below, but they should be taken as examples only.

In the first case, the fire spreads in the eighth floor of the building. Some people are evacuated in time and others are unconscious. The smoldering and smoked air spreads throughout the floor. A smoke detector in the building triggers an emergency call, and in addition, there may be someone making an emergency call using the emergency call feature on the handset. Fire brigades are arriving on the way to the scene. An autonomous aircraft 10 stationed within the building is also activated by an emergency call. The eighth floor has been informed by an emergency call that a fire is on and there is also someone. Emergency calls triggered by the emergency call function of the handset provide at least an approximately accurate location display for the person to be ventilated.

The aircraft 10 fly to the eighth floor where they are oriented in the building by their means for positioning. After reaching the eighth floor, the surroundings are detected and evaluated by means of the camera 14 and the sensor 20, so that persons approaching and finding the oxygen supply to be ventilated are realized. To facilitate this, the headlamps 16 are also switched on.

If a person is detected by one of the aircraft 10, the person's face is detected and an oxygen mask 34 is placed on the person's face or at least on the person's mouth and nose. For this purpose, the oxygen mask 34 with the cannula 32 and the oxygen reservoir 30 are extended from the transport position to the ventilation and oxygen supply position and are thus moved towards the person. Ventilation and oxygen supply are maintained until the rescue workers arrive at the site. The sensor 36 here detects whether the oxygen mask 34 is placed on the face of the person to be ventilated and supplied with oxygen. All other aircraft 10 operate in the same manner.

During ventilation, the aircraft 10 transmits its exact location to a rescue dispatch center and/or rescue personnel. On the basis of the transmitted position of the aircraft 10 and the illumination of the headlights 16, the rescuer can quickly find the aircraft 10 and thus also the person to be ventilated and supplied with oxygen. Once this is done, the aircraft 10 flies to a nearby maintenance station where it is inspected and, if necessary, repaired, and the oxygen storage 30 is replaced with a filled oxygen storage 30. The aircraft 10 then flies back to its original position until the next use.

In the second case, the pilot notices, on landing, that his landing gear is not extended and informs the airport tower to be used to alert the rescuer. A fire occurs when an aircraft lands. Some passengers may be evacuated after landing, others are unconscious due to smoke on the aircraft. The autonomous aircraft 10 stationed at the airport site is also activated and flown onto the aircraft by the pilot's emergency call. They are significantly faster than other rescuers.

As previously described, upon arrival at the aircraft, the aircraft 10 may find the personnel still remaining inside the aircraft and ventilate them with oxygen until the arrival of the rescue personnel.

List of reference numerals

10 autonomous aircraft

12 rotor wing

14 Camera

16 lighting lamp and head lamp

18 projector

20 sensor

30 oxygen storage

32 casing

34 oxygen mask

36 sensor