阅读说明：本技术 一种花卉培育基质及花卉培育方法 (Flower cultivation medium and flower cultivation method ) 是由 王平古 焦晓宏 廖钦 于 2021-08-14 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明涉及花卉种植技术领域,具体涉及一种花卉培育基质及花卉培育方法；按重量份计,由以下原料组成：15～20份泥炭、2～4份珍珠岩、1.2～1.8份改性蛭石粉、6～10份椰糠、8～12份塘泥、3～6份腐叶土、5～8份砻糠灰及1.5～2.8份生石灰；本发明所提供的花卉培育基质不仅具有很好的透气性,而且其肥效也相对比较强,且肥效持久,有效地保证了花卉植株的成活率；再者,通过本发明所提供的花卉培育基质及细胞分裂素、生长激素与赤霉素之间的协同配合,能有效地提高花卉植株的成活率,保证花卉植株培育的品质。(The invention relates to the technical field of flower planting, in particular to a flower cultivation medium and a flower cultivation method; the composition comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 15-20 parts of peat, 2-4 parts of perlite, 1.2-1.8 parts of modified vermiculite powder, 6-10 parts of coconut husk, 8-12 parts of pond sludge, 3-6 parts of leaf mold, 5-8 parts of rice chaff ash and 1.5-2.8 parts of quicklime; the flower cultivation substrate provided by the invention has good air permeability, relatively strong fertilizer efficiency and lasting fertilizer efficiency, and effectively ensures the survival rate of flower plants; moreover, by the synergistic cooperation of the flower culture medium and cytokinin, growth hormone and gibberellin, the survival rate of flower plants can be effectively improved, and the quality of flower plant culture is ensured.)

1. A flower cultivation substrate, which is characterized in that: the composition comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 15-20 parts of peat, 2-4 parts of perlite, 1.2-1.8 parts of modified vermiculite powder, 6-10 parts of coconut husk, 8-12 parts of pond sludge, 3-6 parts of leaf mold, 5-8 parts of rice chaff ash and 1.5-2.8 parts of quicklime.

2. A flower cultivation substrate according to claim 1, wherein the preparation method of the modified vermiculite powder comprises the steps of:

firstly, preparing expanded vermiculite powder;

placing the pretreated vermiculite powder into a puffing device, rapidly heating and puffing the vermiculite powder at the temperature of 600-850 ℃ until the loose bulk density is 110-130 kg/cm3, and naturally cooling to room temperature to obtain puffed vermiculite powder;

secondly, preparing a modified vermiculite crude product;

pumping the vacuum degree in vacuum equipment to 1.4-1.6 MPa, putting the expanded vermiculite powder into the vacuum equipment, pumping the expanded vermiculite powder to vacuum through mechanical stirring, and keeping the vacuum degree in the vacuum equipment at 1.2-1.3 MPa for 4-8 min; then stopping vacuumizing; when the volume of all expanded vermiculite powder in the vacuum equipment is 50-60% of the original volume, injecting mixed nutrient into the vacuum equipment, stirring and recovering the pressure in the vacuum equipment to a normal pressure state, and when the volume of all expanded vermiculite powder in the vacuum equipment is recovered to 90-95% of the original volume, recording the obtained solid powder as composite micro powder;

thirdly, preparing a modified vermiculite finished product;

putting the obtained composite micro powder into reaction equipment, adding a proper amount of ethanol into the reaction equipment according to a solid-liquid ratio of 0.08-0.15 g/mL, and adding a proper amount of modifier into the reaction equipment while stirring; then, raising the temperature of the obtained mixed components to 50-65 ℃, and carrying out heat preservation and stirring reaction for 3-5 hours at the temperature; and after the reaction is finished, filtering the mixed components, washing the mixed components for 2-3 times by using absolute ethyl alcohol, and drying the washed mixed components to obtain the modified vermiculite powder finished product.

3. A flower cultivation substrate as claimed in claim 2, wherein: the pretreatment process of the vermiculite powder comprises the following steps: putting vermiculite with the particle size of 0.8-2.5 mm into mixed acid liquid at the temperature of 40-60 ℃, carrying out ultrasonic treatment on the vermiculite micro powder at the temperature of 25-35 kHz for 1-3 h, naturally cooling the mixed acid liquid to room temperature after the ultrasonic treatment is finished, and then sequentially carrying out suction filtration, washing and drying treatment to finish the pretreatment of the vermiculite.

4. A flower cultivation substrate as claimed in claim 3, wherein: the mixed acid solution is prepared from concentrated sulfuric acid and concentrated nitric acid according to the weight ratio of 1: 2-5 by volume ratio.

5. A flower cultivation substrate as claimed in claim 2, wherein: the mixed nutrient is prepared from potassium dihydrogen phosphate with the particle size of 0.3-0.5 mm and potassium nitrate with the particle size of 0.3-0.5 mm according to the mass ratio of 1.5-2.5: 1.0 and mixing.

6. A flower cultivation substrate as claimed in claim 2, wherein: the modifier is silane coupling agent selected from any one of 3-aminopropyltriethoxysilane and gamma- (2, 3-epoxypropoxy) propyl trimethoxysilane, and the dosage of the silane coupling agent is 20-30% of the weight of the composite micro powder.

7. A flower cultivation method using the flower cultivation substrate according to any one of claims 1 to 6, comprising the steps of:

s1, in the middle and last ten days of 9 months every year, selecting flower plants and carrying out pruning and full defoliation treatment on the flower plants; then smearing the plant subjected to full defoliation treatment by using phytohormone under the conditions that the temperature is 10-15 ℃ and the humidity is 80-90%; in the smearing process, the buds are smeared once every 5-6 days, and the continuous smearing times are 3-5 times;

s2, placing the painted flower plants in the dark for 10-15 days under the conditions that the temperature is 10-15 ℃ and the humidity is 80-90%, then transferring the plants to the environment with the temperature of 8-12 ℃ and the humidity of 90-95%, and culturing and growing for 4-6 days under the conditions that the illumination intensity is 600-1000 lux and the illumination period is 8-10 h/day; meanwhile, watering once in the cultivation process, and then trimming the roots of the cultivated plants to 40-60 cm;

s3, accurately weighing all the raw materials for preparing the flower culture medium, and transferring all the raw materials into an ultraviolet sterilization box for sterilization; then crushing the solid raw materials except the modified vermiculite powder into powder of 70-100 meshes, mixing and stirring uniformly to obtain a flower culture substrate, and storing for later use;

s4, putting the flower cultivation matrix obtained in the step S3 into a planting pot, fully soaking the cultivation matrix by water in a bottom watering mode, transplanting the flower plants cultivated in the step S2 into the flower cultivation matrix in the planting pot, and subsequently cultivating the flower plants by adopting a conventional cultivation method in the field.

8. A flower cultivation method as claimed in claim 7, wherein: the plant hormones used in the step S1 include cytokinin, growth hormone, and gibberellin; the concentration of the cytokinin is 480-560 mg/mL, the concentration of the growth hormone is 320-370 mg/mL, and the concentration of the gibberellin is 900-1300 mg/mL.

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of flower planting, in particular to a flower cultivation medium and a flower cultivation method.

Background

Flowers are herbaceous plants having ornamental value, which are a general name of plants for depicting appreciation, are short branches having male and female tastes, and have a reproductive function, and there are many kinds. The flower is composed of corolla, calyx, receptacle and stamen, and has various colors, various growth, and fragrance or no fragrance.

Flowers have two meanings, namely broad sense and narrow sense: flowers in the narrow sense refer to herbaceous plants with ornamental value, such as impatiens balsamina, chrysanthemum, scarlet sage, cockscomb and the like; the flowers in a broad sense comprise herbaceous or woody ground cover plants, flowers and shrubs, flowering trees, bonsais and the like besides the herbaceous plants with ornamental value, such as the ground cover plants of lilyturf roots, sedums, bushy happiness, etc., and trees, flowers and shrubs of plum blossom, peach blossom, Chinese rose, camellia, etc. In addition, tall trees and shrubs distributed in southern areas are transplanted to northern cold areas and can only be used as greenhouse potted plants for appreciation, and white orchid, Indian rubber trees, palm plants and the like are also listed in the broad flowers. In modern society, people often plant, purchase, and wear flowers in various ways because of their pleasant appearance and fragrance.

At present, flowers need to use the cultivation matrix in the cultivation process, but the current cultivation matrix has certain gas permeability, but its self can not provide sufficient nutrient substance for the flower plant, mostly provides nutrient substance for the flower plant through manual application of a certain amount of chemical fertilizer, but its fertilizer easily runs off or evaporates along with the rainwater, leads to its fertilizer efficiency relatively poor, and the duration is shorter, has certain fertilizer extravagant phenomenon.

Furthermore, the commercially available culture substrates have a certain air permeability, but the air permeability is not good; may cause the root system of the flower to generate anaerobic respiration and even generate alcohol with toxic action on the root system, thereby reducing the survival rate of the flower and influencing the quality of the flower cultivation.

Accordingly, it is an urgent need to solve the technical problems of the art to provide a flower cultivation substrate and a flower cultivation method.

Disclosure of Invention

In view of the above disadvantages of the prior art, a first object of the present invention is to provide a flower cultivation substrate, which has the advantages of good air permeability, lasting fertilizer efficiency, and effective guarantee of the survival rate of flower plants.

In order to achieve the purpose, the invention provides the following technical scheme:

the flower cultivation medium comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 15-20 parts of peat, 2-4 parts of perlite, 1.2-1.8 parts of modified vermiculite powder, 6-10 parts of coconut husk, 8-12 parts of pond sludge, 3-6 parts of leaf mold, 5-8 parts of rice chaff ash and 1.5-2.8 parts of quicklime.

By adopting the technical scheme: the invention takes peat, perlite, modified vermiculite powder, coconut husk, pond sludge, leaf mold, rice chaff ash, quicklime and the like as raw materials for preparing the flower culture medium, and the raw materials not only can provide rich nutrient substances for flower plants; moreover, the modified vermiculite is cooperatively matched with the modified vermiculite, so that the plant production is more vigorous; secondly, the flower cultivation substrate provided by the invention has good air permeability, so that the generation of alcohol under the action of anaerobic respiration due to poor air permeability at the roots of flowers is reduced, a certain toxic action is generated on flower plants, and the survival rate of the flower plants is effectively improved; moreover, the use of cytokinin, growth hormone and gibberellin is matched, so that the survival rate of flower plants can be further improved, and the quality of flower plant cultivation is ensured.

The invention is further configured to: the preparation method of the modified vermiculite powder comprises the following steps:

firstly, preparing expanded vermiculite powder;

placing the pretreated vermiculite powder into a puffing device, rapidly heating and puffing the vermiculite powder at the temperature of 600-850 ℃ until the loose bulk density is 110-130 kg/cm3, and naturally cooling to room temperature to obtain puffed vermiculite powder;

secondly, preparing a modified vermiculite powder crude product;

pumping the vacuum degree in vacuum equipment to 1.4-1.6 MPa, putting the expanded vermiculite powder into the vacuum equipment, pumping the expanded vermiculite powder to vacuum through mechanical stirring, and keeping the vacuum degree in the vacuum equipment at 1.2-1.3 MPa for 4-8 min; then stopping vacuumizing; when the volume of all expanded vermiculite powder in the vacuum equipment is 50-60% of the original volume, injecting mixed nutrient into the vacuum equipment, stirring and recovering the pressure in the vacuum equipment to a normal pressure state, and when the volume of all expanded vermiculite powder in the vacuum equipment is recovered to 90-95% of the original volume, recording the obtained solid powder as composite micro powder;

thirdly, preparing a modified vermiculite powder finished product;

putting the obtained composite micro powder into reaction equipment, adding a proper amount of ethanol into the reaction equipment according to a solid-liquid ratio of 0.08-0.15 g/mL, and adding a proper amount of modifier into the reaction equipment while stirring; then, raising the temperature of the obtained mixed components to 50-65 ℃, and carrying out heat preservation and stirring reaction for 3-5 hours at the temperature; and after the reaction is finished, filtering the mixed components, washing the mixed components for 2-3 times by using absolute ethyl alcohol, and drying the washed mixed components to obtain the modified vermiculite powder finished product.

By adopting the technical scheme: the invention firstly carries out bulking treatment on the vermiculite powder, and then carries out further modification treatment on the vermiculite powder; wherein, the vermiculite powder is firstly puffed to enlarge the pores of the vermiculite powder, and simultaneously, the mixed nutrient is pressed into the pores on the surface of the vermiculite powder through the vacuum pumping treatment; and then the pressure in the vacuum equipment is returned to the normal pressure state, so that the mixed nutrient is firmly fixed in the pores on the surface of the vermiculite powder. Finally, the modifier is used to enable the modifier and the surface of the vermiculite powder in the composite micro powder to generate chemical reaction, the modifier and the vermiculite powder are connected by chemical bonds, and finally the modifier forms a layer of compact and criss-cross three-dimensional network structure on the surface of the composite micro powder;

the modified vermiculite powder is used as a raw material for preparing the flower culture substrate, and the pores and the surface of the modified vermiculite powder form a three-dimensional network structure, so that the mixed nutrient has a good fixing effect and a certain slow release effect. Not only can effectively prolong the fertilizer efficiency of the mixed nutrient and reduce the loss and waste of the fertility; can also prolong the lasting time of the fertilizer efficiency and effectively improve the survival rate of the flower plants.

The invention is further configured to: the pretreatment process of the vermiculite powder comprises the following steps: putting vermiculite with the particle size of 0.8-2.5 mm into mixed acid liquid at the temperature of 40-60 ℃, carrying out ultrasonic treatment on the vermiculite micro powder at the temperature of 25-35 kHz for 1-3 h, naturally cooling the mixed acid liquid to room temperature after the ultrasonic treatment is finished, and then sequentially carrying out suction filtration, washing and drying treatment to finish the pretreatment of the vermiculite.

By adopting the technical scheme: the invention effectively removes the dirt adhered on the outer wall and the inner wall of the pores of the vermiculite powder by the technical means of combining the acid leaching and the ultrasonic treatment. The specific surface area of the pretreated vermiculite powder is effectively increased, and the size of the pores of the vermiculite powder is effectively improved.

The invention is further configured to: the mixed acid solution is prepared from concentrated sulfuric acid and concentrated nitric acid according to the weight ratio of 1: 2-5 by volume ratio.

By adopting the technical scheme: by soaking the vermiculite powder in the mixed acid solution, dirt adhered to the inner wall and the outer wall of the pore can be washed away, the specific surface area of the pore is increased, and the subsequent further treatment of the vermiculite powder is facilitated.

The invention is further configured to: the mixed nutrient is prepared from potassium dihydrogen phosphate with the particle size of 0.3-0.5 mm and potassium nitrate with the particle size of 0.3-0.5 mm according to the mass ratio of 1.5-2.5: 1.0 and mixing.

By adopting the technical scheme: the potassium dihydrogen phosphate and the potassium nitrate are used in combination, so that certain nutrient elements such as phosphorus, potassium and the like can be provided for the growth of flower plants, the healthy and strong growth of the flower plants is facilitated, and the survival rate and the quality of the cultivation of the flower plants are effectively improved.

The invention is further configured to: the modifier is silane coupling agent selected from any one of 3-aminopropyltriethoxysilane and gamma- (2, 3-epoxypropoxy) propyl trimethoxysilane, and the dosage of the silane coupling agent is 20-30% of the weight of the composite micro powder.

By adopting the technical scheme: through the use of the modifier, the modifier and the surface of the vermiculite powder in the composite micro powder are subjected to chemical reaction and are connected by chemical bonds, and finally the modifier forms a layer of compact and criss-cross three-dimensional network structure on the surface of the composite micro powder.

The modified vermiculite powder has a good fixing effect on the mixed nutrient and also has a certain slow release effect through the pores and a three-dimensional network structure formed on the surface of the modified vermiculite powder. Not only can effectively prolong the fertilizer efficiency of the mixed nutrient and reduce the loss and waste of the fertility; can also prolong the lasting time of the fertilizer efficiency and effectively improve the survival rate of the flower plants.

A second object of the present invention is to provide a flower cultivation method, comprising the steps of:

s1, in the middle and last ten days of 9 months every year, selecting flower plants and carrying out pruning and full defoliation treatment on the flower plants; then smearing the plant subjected to full defoliation treatment by using phytohormone under the conditions that the temperature is 10-15 ℃ and the humidity is 80-90%; in the smearing process, the buds are smeared once every 5-6 days, and the continuous smearing times are 3-5 times;

s2, placing the painted flower plants in the dark for 10-15 days under the conditions that the temperature is 10-15 ℃ and the humidity is 80-90%, then transferring the plants to the environment with the temperature of 8-12 ℃ and the humidity of 90-95%, and culturing and growing for 4-6 days under the conditions that the illumination intensity is 600-1000 lux and the illumination period is 8-10 h/day; meanwhile, watering once in the cultivation process, and then trimming the roots of the cultivated plants to 40-60 cm;

s3, accurately weighing all the raw materials for preparing the flower culture medium, and transferring all the raw materials into an ultraviolet sterilization box for sterilization; then crushing the solid raw materials except the modified vermiculite powder into powder of 70-100 meshes, mixing and stirring uniformly to obtain a flower culture substrate, and storing for later use;

s4, putting the flower cultivation matrix obtained in the step S3 into a planting pot, fully soaking the cultivation matrix by water in a bottom watering mode, transplanting the flower plants cultivated in the step S2 into the flower cultivation matrix in the planting pot, and subsequently cultivating the flower plants by adopting a conventional cultivation method in the field.

By adopting the technical scheme: by the flower cultivation matrix provided by the invention and the synergistic cooperation of cytokinin, growth hormone and gibberellin, the survival rate of flower plants can be effectively improved, and the cultivation quality of the flower plants is ensured.

The invention is further configured to: the plant hormones used in the step S1 include cytokinin, growth hormone, and gibberellin; the concentration of the cytokinin is 480-560 mg/mL, the concentration of the growth hormone is 320-370 mg/mL, and the concentration of the gibberellin is 900-1300 mg/mL.

By adopting the technical scheme: the cytokinin, the growth hormone and the gibberellin are cooperatively matched, so that the growth of flower plant cells can be effectively promoted, the growth rate and the growth effect of flower plants are effectively improved, the survival rate of the flower plants can be improved to a certain extent, and the quality of flower cultivation is ensured.

Advantageous effects

Compared with the known public technology, the technical scheme provided by the invention has the following beneficial effects:

1. the modified vermiculite powder is used as a raw material for preparing the flower culture substrate, and the pores and the three-dimensional network structure formed on the surfaces of the pores can not only play a good fixing effect on the mixed nutrient, but also enable the mixed nutrient to have a certain slow release effect, and effectively improve the survival rate of flower plants;

2. the invention takes peat, perlite, coconut chaff, pond sludge, leaf mold, rice chaff ash, quicklime and the like as raw materials for preparing the flower culture medium, and can provide rich nutrient substances for flower plants; moreover, the modified vermiculite is cooperatively matched with the modified vermiculite, so that the plant production is more vigorous;

3. the flower cultivation substrate provided by the invention also has good air permeability, reduces the generation of alcohol under the action of anaerobic respiration due to poor air permeability of flower roots, generates a certain toxic action on flower plants, and effectively improves the survival rate of the flower plants; moreover, the use of cytokinin, growth hormone and gibberellin is matched, so that the survival rate of flower plants can be further improved, and the quality of flower plant cultivation is ensured.

Detailed Description

In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below. It is to be understood that the embodiments described are only a few embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

The present invention will be further described with reference to the following examples.

Example 1

The flower cultivation medium comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 15 parts of peat, 2 parts of perlite, 1.2 parts of modified vermiculite powder, 6 parts of coconut husk, 8 parts of pond sludge, 3 parts of leaf mold, 5 parts of rice chaff ash and 1.5 parts of quicklime.

The preparation method of the modified vermiculite powder comprises the following steps:

firstly, preparing expanded vermiculite powder;

placing the pretreated vermiculite powder in puffing equipment, and rapidly heating and puffing at 600 deg.C until loose bulk density is 110kg/cm³Then naturally cooling to room temperature to obtain expanded vermiculite powder;

secondly, preparing a modified vermiculite powder crude product;

pumping the vacuum degree in a vacuum device to 1.4MPa, putting the expanded vermiculite powder into the vacuum device, mechanically stirring to pump the expanded vermiculite powder to vacuum, and keeping the vacuum degree in the vacuum device at 1.2MPa for 8 min; then stopping vacuumizing; when the volume of all the expanded vermiculite powder in the vacuum equipment is 50 percent of the original volume, injecting mixed nutrient into the vacuum equipment, stirring and recovering the pressure in the vacuum equipment to a normal pressure state, and when the volume of all the expanded vermiculite powder in the vacuum equipment is recovered to 90 percent of the original volume, recording the obtained solid powder as composite micro powder;

thirdly, preparing a modified vermiculite powder finished product;

adding the obtained composite micro powder into reaction equipment, adding a proper amount of ethanol into the reaction equipment according to a solid-liquid ratio of 0.08g/mL, and adding a proper amount of modifier into the reaction equipment while stirring; then raising the temperature of the obtained mixed components to 50 ℃, and keeping the temperature and stirring the mixed components at the temperature for reaction for 3 hours; and after the reaction is finished, filtering the mixed components, washing the mixed components for 2 times by using absolute ethyl alcohol, and drying the washed mixed components to obtain the modified vermiculite powder finished product.

The pretreatment process of the vermiculite powder comprises the following steps: putting vermiculite with the particle size of 0.8mm into mixed acid liquid at the temperature of 40 ℃, carrying out ultrasonic treatment on the vermiculite micropowder at the temperature and the frequency of 25kHz for 1h, naturally cooling the mixed acid liquid to room temperature after the ultrasonic treatment is finished, and then sequentially carrying out suction filtration, washing and drying treatment to finish the pretreatment of the vermiculite.

The mixed acid solution is prepared from concentrated sulfuric acid and concentrated nitric acid according to the weight ratio of 1: 2, and mixing the components according to the volume ratio.

The mixed nutrient is prepared from potassium dihydrogen phosphate with the particle size of 0.3mm and potassium nitrate with the particle size of 0.3-0.5 mm according to the mass ratio of 1.5: 1.0 and mixing.

The modifier is silane coupling agent selected from 3-aminopropyl triethoxysilane, and the dosage of the silane coupling agent is 20% of the weight of the composite micro powder.

A flower cultivation method adopts the flower cultivation substrate, and comprises the following steps:

s1, in the middle and last ten days of 9 months every year, selecting flower plants and carrying out pruning and full defoliation treatment on the flower plants; then smearing the plant subjected to full defoliation treatment by using phytohormone under the conditions that the temperature is 10 ℃ and the humidity is 80%; in the smearing process, the bud bodies are smeared once every 5 days, and the continuous smearing times are 3 times;

s2, placing the painted flower plants in the dark under the conditions of 10 ℃ and 80% humidity for 10 days, then transferring the plants to the environment of 8 ℃ and 90% humidity, cultivating and growing for 4 days under the conditions of 600lux of illumination intensity and 8 h/day of illumination period, simultaneously watering once in the cultivation process, and then trimming the roots of the cultivated plants to 40 cm; s3, accurately weighing all the raw materials for preparing the flower culture medium, and transferring all the raw materials into an ultraviolet sterilization box for sterilization; then crushing the solid raw materials except the modified vermiculite powder into 70-mesh powder, mixing and stirring uniformly to obtain a flower culture substrate, and storing the obtained flower culture substrate for later use;

s4, putting the flower cultivation matrix obtained in the step S3 into a planting pot, fully soaking the cultivation matrix by water in a bottom watering mode, transplanting the flower plants cultivated in the step S2 into the flower cultivation matrix in the planting pot, and subsequently cultivating the flower plants by adopting a conventional cultivation method in the field.

The plant hormones used in step S1 include cytokinin, growth hormone and gibberellin; the concentration of cytokinin is 480mg/mL, the concentration of growth hormone is 320mg/mL, and the concentration of gibberellin is 900 mg/mL.

Example 2

The flower cultivation method is similar to that of example 1, except that the specific proportion of the cultivation substrate and the concentrations of cytokinin, growth hormone and gibberellin are different;

the method specifically comprises the following steps: 18 parts of peat, 3 parts of perlite, 1.5 parts of modified vermiculite powder, 8 parts of coconut husk, 10 parts of pond sludge, 4 parts of leaf mold, 6 parts of rice chaff ash and 2.2 parts of quicklime.

Wherein the concentration of cytokinin is 520mg/mL, the concentration of growth hormone is 350mg/mL, and the concentration of gibberellin is 1100 mg/mL.

Example 3

The flower cultivation method is similar to that of example 1, except that the specific proportion of the cultivation substrate and the concentrations of cytokinin, growth hormone and gibberellin are different;

the method specifically comprises the following steps: 20 parts of peat, 4 parts of perlite, 1.8 parts of modified vermiculite powder, 10 parts of coconut husk, 12 parts of pond sludge, 6 parts of leaf mold, 8 parts of rice chaff ash and 2.8 parts of quicklime.

Wherein the concentration of cytokinin is 560mg/mL, the concentration of growth hormone is 370mg/mL, and the concentration of gibberellin is 1300 mg/mL.

Comparative example 1: the flower cultivation substrate prepared in the embodiment 1 of the invention is different in that: the raw materials adopt the same amount of common vermiculite powder with the particle size similar to that provided in the embodiment 1 to replace modified vermiculite powder;

comparative example 2: the flower cultivation substrate prepared in the embodiment 1 of the invention is different in that: the raw materials do not contain cytokinin;

comparative example 3: the flower cultivation substrate prepared in the embodiment 1 of the invention is different in that: the raw materials do not contain growth hormone;

comparative example 4: the flower cultivation substrate prepared in the embodiment 1 of the invention is different in that: the raw materials do not contain gibberellin;

performance testing

The flower culture substrates prepared by the embodiments 1-3 of the invention are denoted as experimental examples 1-3, and the flower culture substrates provided by the comparative examples 1-4 are denoted as comparative examples 1-4; respectively measuring the leaching rate of the mixed nutrient in each group of modified vermiculite powder; then respectively selecting 700 Chinese rose plants, cockscomb plants and impatiens balsamina plants, and respectively equally dividing the plants into 7 groups, wherein each group comprises 100 plants; then, the cultivation matrix and the cultivation method of flowers provided by the invention are adopted to respectively carry out cultivation experiments on the flowers, and the measured flower cultivation data is recorded in the following table:

as can be seen from the relevant data in the table, the flower cultivation substrate provided by the invention not only has good air permeability, but also has relatively strong fertilizer efficiency, and effectively ensures the survival rate of flower plants.

In addition, the flower cultivation matrix provided by the invention and the synergistic cooperation of cytokinin, growth hormone and gibberellin can effectively improve the survival rate of flower plants and ensure the cultivation quality of the flower plants. Therefore, the flower cultivation substrate and the flower cultivation method provided by the invention have wider market prospects and are more suitable for popularization.

The above examples are only intended to illustrate the technical solution of the present invention, but not to limit it; although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, it will be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art that: the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments may still be modified, or some technical features may be equivalently replaced; such modifications and substitutions do not depart from the spirit and scope of the corresponding technical solutions.