阅读说明：本技术 超磁致伸缩棒形椭圆复合振动换能器及换能方法 (Giant magnetostrictive rod-shaped elliptical composite vibration transducer and transduction method ) 是由 贺西平 刘强 汪彦军 于 2020-06-22 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明属于超声加工技术领域,涉及一种超磁致伸缩棒形椭圆复合振动换能器及其换能方法,换能器包括从上往下依次连接的后盖板、导磁筒、外壳以及变幅杆；导磁筒内设置振动部件；外壳内设置楔形块,且所述外壳的尺寸稍大于楔形块的尺寸；振动部件的一端与后盖板相接触,振动部件的另一端通过楔形块与变幅杆相接触；后盖板、振动部件以及楔形块通过预紧螺栓固定；楔形块包括两个斜面；一个斜面与变幅杆的端面相接触；另一个斜面与振动部件的端面相垂直,两个斜面之间的夹角为10～60°。本发明通过楔形块将单一方向的振动转换成两个方向的椭圆复合振动,振动功率大且效果好,结构简单,并可对换能器的振动频率和椭圆振动轨迹进行调整。(The invention belongs to the technical field of ultrasonic processing, and relates to a giant magnetostrictive rod-shaped elliptical composite vibration transducer and a transduction method thereof, wherein the transducer comprises a rear cover plate, a magnetic conduction cylinder, a shell and an amplitude transformer which are sequentially connected from top to bottom; a vibration part is arranged in the magnetic conduction cylinder; a wedge-shaped block is arranged in the shell, and the size of the shell is slightly larger than that of the wedge-shaped block; one end of the vibration component is contacted with the rear cover plate, and the other end of the vibration component is contacted with the amplitude transformer through the wedge-shaped block; the rear cover plate, the vibration component and the wedge-shaped block are fixed through a pre-tightening bolt; the wedge block comprises two inclined planes; one inclined plane is contacted with the end surface of the amplitude transformer; the other inclined plane is perpendicular to the end face of the vibration component, and the included angle between the two inclined planes is 10-60 degrees. The invention converts the vibration in a single direction into the elliptical composite vibration in two directions through the wedge-shaped block, has large vibration power, good effect and simple structure, and can adjust the vibration frequency and the elliptical vibration track of the transducer.)

1. A giant magnetostrictive rod-shaped elliptical composite vibration transducer is characterized in that: the giant magnetostrictive rod-shaped elliptical composite vibration transducer comprises a rear cover plate (2), a magnetic conduction cylinder (5), a shell (14) and an amplitude transformer (9) which are sequentially connected from top to bottom; a vibration part is arranged in the magnetic conduction cylinder (5); a wedge block (8) is arranged in the shell (14), and the size of the shell (14) is slightly larger than that of the wedge block (8); one end of the vibration component is contacted with the rear cover plate (2), and the other end of the vibration component is contacted with the amplitude transformer (9) through a wedge-shaped block (8); the rear cover plate (2), the vibration component and the wedge-shaped block (8) are fixed through a pre-tightening bolt (1).

2. The giant magnetostrictive rod-shaped elliptical composite vibration transducer according to claim 1, characterized in that: the wedge block (8) comprises two inclined surfaces; one inclined plane is contacted with the end surface of the amplitude transformer (9); the other inclined plane is perpendicular to the end face of the vibration component, and an included angle between the two inclined planes is 10-60 degrees.

3. The giant magnetostrictive rod-shaped elliptical composite vibration transducer according to claim 2, characterized in that: the vibration component comprises a giant magnetostrictive rod (4) and a coil (11) sleeved outside the giant magnetostrictive rod (4); the axial direction of the giant magnetostrictive rod (4) is parallel to the axial direction of the magnetic conduction cylinder (5); the two ends of the giant magnetostrictive rod (4) are sequentially provided with a permanent magnet (3) and a magnetic conduction block (6) from the middle to the two ends; the rear cover plate (2), the giant magnetostrictive rod (4) and the wedge-shaped block (8) are fixed through a pre-tightening bolt (1).

4. The giant magnetostrictive rod-shaped elliptical composite vibration transducer according to claim 3, characterized in that: the giant magnetostrictive rod-shaped elliptical composite vibration transducer further comprises a magnetic conductive sheet (7) arranged between the magnetic conductive cylinder (5) and the shell (14).

5. A method of transducing a giant magnetostrictive rod type elliptical composite vibration transducer according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that: the transduction method comprises the following steps:

after the energy converter is electrified, the vibration component converts electric energy into kinetic energy, converts the vibration in a single direction into elliptical compound vibration in two directions through the wedge block (8), adjusts the frequency and amplitude of the elliptical compound vibration through the wedge block (8), and transmits the elliptical compound vibration to the amplitude transformer (9).

6. The method of transducing a giant magnetostrictive rod type elliptical composite vibration transducer according to claim 5, characterized in that: the specific transduction method comprises the following steps: alternating current is applied to a coil (11) on the giant magnetostrictive rod (4) to generate an alternating magnetic field, the giant magnetostrictive rod (4) generates unidirectional telescopic vibration under the alternating magnetic field, and the unidirectional telescopic vibration generated by the giant magnetostrictive rod (4) is converted into large-amplitude elliptical composite vibration in two directions through the magnetic conduction block (6) and the wedge-shaped block (8) and is transmitted to the amplitude-variable rod (9).

7. The method of transducing a giant magnetostrictive rod type elliptical composite vibration transducer according to claim 6, characterized in that: the vibration frequency and the vibration amplitude are adjusted by the diameter and the included angle of the wedge-shaped block (8) in the process of transducing the transducer.

8. The method of transducing a giant magnetostrictive rod type elliptical composite vibration transducer according to claim 7, characterized in that: the diameter of the wedge-shaped block (8) is larger than the width of the magnetic conduction block (6) and smaller than a quarter wavelength corresponding to the vibration frequency of the transducer.

Technical Field

The invention belongs to the technical field of ultrasonic processing, and relates to a giant magnetostrictive rod-shaped elliptical composite vibration transducer and a transduction method thereof.

Background

The ultrasonic processing technology is widely applied to the processing of hard and brittle materials, a single vibration mode is adopted in the traditional ultrasonic processing, the elliptical vibration mode is developed along with the continuous improvement and perfection of the ultrasonic vibration theory and practice, compared with the conventional ultrasonic vibration processing, the elliptical vibration has great advantages in the processing of hard and brittle materials, the cutting force and the cutting temperature can be effectively reduced, and the processing quality of workpieces, the durability of cutters and the stability of processing systems can be obviously improved.

At present, two methods are mainly used for generating elliptical vibration, one method is to adopt two groups or more than two groups of piezoelectric ceramic plates to excite and generate two or more vibration modes with certain phases, the other method is to respectively apply longitudinal ultrasonic vibration in two directions by two transducers to realize elliptical vibration output, but at least two ultrasonic driving power signals are required to be equipped to control the phase difference between the ultrasonic driving power signals, and the ultrasonic vibration system and the control system have complicated structures, are difficult to control and have high cost; in addition, the piezoelectric transducer has small power capacity, and is difficult to realize high-power and large-amplitude ultrasonic vibration output, thereby restricting the application in industrial production.

Disclosure of Invention

Aiming at the technical problems of single vibration form, small output power and complex structure of the existing transducer, the invention provides a giant magnetostrictive rod-shaped elliptical composite vibration transducer and a transduction method thereof, which can realize elliptical composite vibration, large vibration power, good effect and simple structure.

In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the technical scheme that:

a giant magnetostrictive rod-shaped elliptical composite vibration transducer comprises a rear cover plate, a magnetic conduction cylinder, a shell and an amplitude transformer which are sequentially connected from top to bottom; a vibration part is arranged in the magnetic conduction cylinder; a wedge block is arranged in the shell, and the size of the shell is slightly larger than that of the wedge block; one end of the vibration component is contacted with the rear cover plate, and the other end of the vibration component is contacted with the amplitude transformer through the wedge-shaped block; the rear cover plate, the vibration component and the wedge-shaped block are fixed through pre-tightening bolts.

Further, the wedge block comprises two inclined surfaces; one inclined plane is contacted with the end surface of the amplitude transformer; the other inclined plane is perpendicular to the end face of the vibration component, and an included angle between the two inclined planes is 10-60 degrees.

Further, the vibration component comprises a giant magnetostrictive rod and a coil sleeved outside the giant magnetostrictive rod; the axial direction of the giant magnetostrictive rod is parallel to the axial direction of the magnetic conduction cylinder; the two ends of the giant magnetostrictive rod are sequentially provided with a permanent magnet and a magnetic conduction block from the middle to the two ends; the rear cover plate, the giant magnetostrictive rod and the wedge-shaped block are fixed through pre-tightening bolts.

The giant magnetostrictive rod-shaped elliptical composite vibration transducer further comprises a magnetic conductive sheet arranged between the magnetic conductive cylinder and the shell.

A transduction method of a giant magnetostrictive rod-shaped elliptical composite vibration transducer comprises the following steps: after the energy converter is electrified, the vibration component converts electric energy into kinetic energy, converts the vibration in one direction into elliptical composite vibration in two directions through the wedge block, adjusts the frequency and amplitude of the elliptical composite vibration through the wedge block, and transmits the elliptical composite vibration to the amplitude transformer.

Further, the specific transduction method is as follows: alternating current is applied to a coil on the giant magnetostrictive rod to generate an alternating magnetic field, the giant magnetostrictive rod generates unidirectional telescopic vibration under the alternating magnetic field, and the unidirectional vibration generated by the giant magnetostrictive rod is converted into large-amplitude elliptical composite vibration in two directions through the magnetic conduction block and the wedge block and is transmitted to the amplitude transformer.

Furthermore, the vibration frequency and the vibration amplitude are adjusted through the diameter and the included angle of the wedge-shaped block in the transduction process of the transducer.

Furthermore, the diameter of the wedge-shaped block is larger than the width of the magnetic conduction block and smaller than a quarter wavelength corresponding to the vibration frequency of the transducer.

The invention has the beneficial effects that:

1. the wedge-shaped block is arranged between the end part of the amplitude transformer and the lower end of the vibration component; the vibrating part comprises a giant magnetostrictive rod arranged on the axial direction of the magnetic conduction sleeve, permanent magnets and magnetizers at two ends of the giant magnetostrictive rod, the giant magnetostrictive rod generates large-amplitude ultrasonic vibration in a single direction, the large-amplitude ultrasonic vibration is converted into large-amplitude ultrasonic elliptical composite vibration in two directions through the wedge-shaped block, and the large-amplitude ultrasonic elliptical composite vibration is transmitted to the amplitude transformer, so that the structure is simple.

2. In the invention, the structure of the magnetic conduction block at the lower end of the giant magnetostrictive rod is in a circular truncated cone shape, and the large circular end face is contacted with the wedge-shaped block, thereby being beneficial to the radiation of the ultrasonic energy vibration generated by the giant magnetostrictive rod to the wedge-shaped block and the direction of the amplitude transformer.

3. In the invention, the resonant frequency of the transducer and the output elliptical vibration can be properly adjusted by changing the included angle of the wedge-shaped block; the angles of the wedge-shaped blocks are different, the elliptical tracks output by the top end of the amplitude transformer are different, and meanwhile, the diameter of the wedge-shaped block is larger than that of the magnetic conduction block and smaller than the quarter wavelength corresponding to the vibration frequency of the transducer.

4. In the invention, the inner diameter of the shell is slightly larger than the size of the wedge-shaped block, so that gaps are reserved among the wedge-shaped block, the shell and the magnetic conductive sheet, and the influence on the vibration of the transducer caused by the mutual contact among the wedge-shaped block, the magnetic conductive sheet and the shell is avoided.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a front view of a giant magnetostrictive rod-shaped elliptical composite vibration transducer of the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a left side view of a giant magnetostrictive rod-shaped elliptical composite vibration transducer of the present invention;

FIG. 3 is a schematic view of the connection between the wedge block and horn of the present invention;

FIG. 4 is an elliptical vibration trace plot for the transducer of experiment 1;

FIG. 5 is a graph of the lateral and longitudinal displacement of the transducer in test 1;

FIG. 6 is an elliptical vibration trace plot for the transducer in experiment 2;

FIG. 7 is a graph of the lateral displacement and the longitudinal displacement of the transducer in test 2;

FIG. 8 is an elliptical vibration trace plot for the transducer in experiment 3;

FIG. 9 is a graph of the lateral displacement and the longitudinal displacement of the transducer in experiment 3;

in the figure:

the magnetic field type magnetic field.

Detailed Description

The present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples.

The invention provides a giant magnetostrictive rod-shaped elliptical composite vibration transducer, which comprises a rear cover plate 2, a magnetic conduction cylinder 5, a shell 14 and an amplitude transformer 9 which are sequentially connected from top to bottom; a vibration part is arranged in the magnetic conduction cylinder 5; the wedge-shaped block 8 is arranged in the shell 14, and the size of the shell 14 is slightly larger than that of the wedge-shaped block 8; one end of the vibration component is contacted with the rear cover plate 2, and the other end of the vibration component is contacted with the amplitude transformer 9 through the wedge-shaped block 8; the rear cover plate 2, the vibration component and the wedge-shaped block 8 are fixed through a pre-tightening bolt 1.

In the invention, the wedge block 8 comprises two inclined planes; one inclined plane is in contact with the end surface of the amplitude transformer 9; the other inclined plane is perpendicular to the end face of the vibration component, and the included angle between the two inclined planes is 10-60 degrees.

In the invention, the vibration part comprises a giant magnetostrictive rod 4 and a coil 11 sleeved outside the giant magnetostrictive rod 4; the axial direction of the giant magnetostrictive rod 4 is parallel to the axial direction of the magnetic conduction cylinder 5; the permanent magnet 3 and the magnetic conduction block 6 are sequentially arranged at two ends of the giant magnetostrictive rod 4 from the middle to two ends; the rear cover plate 2, the giant magnetostrictive rod 4 and the wedge-shaped block 8 are fixed through a pre-tightening bolt 1. The two giant magnetostrictive rods 4 are symmetrically arranged in the magnetic conduction cylinder 5.

The giant magnetostrictive rod-shaped elliptical composite vibration transducer further comprises a magnetic conductive sheet 7 arranged between the magnetic conductive cylinder 5 and the shell 14.

The invention provides a transduction method of a giant magnetostrictive rod-shaped elliptical composite vibration transducer, which comprises the following steps: after the energy converter is electrified, the vibration component converts electric energy into kinetic energy, converts the vibration in a single direction into elliptical compound vibration in two directions through the wedge block 8, adjusts the frequency and amplitude of the elliptical compound vibration through the wedge block 8, and transmits the elliptical compound vibration to the amplitude transformer 9.

In the invention, the specific transduction method of the transducer is as follows: alternating current is applied to a coil 11 on the giant magnetostrictive rod 4 to generate an alternating magnetic field, the giant magnetostrictive rod 4 generates unidirectional telescopic vibration under the alternating magnetic field, and the unidirectional telescopic vibration generated by the giant magnetostrictive rod 4 is converted into large-amplitude elliptical composite vibration in two directions through the magnetic conduction block 6 and the wedge block 8 and is transmitted to the amplitude transformer 9. The vibration frequency and the vibration amplitude are adjusted by the diameter and the included angle of the wedge-shaped block 8 in the process of transducing the transducer. The diameter of the wedge-shaped block 8 is larger than the width of the magnetic conduction block 6 and smaller than a quarter wavelength corresponding to the vibration frequency of the transducer.