阅读说明：本技术 一种蓄水池及其设计计算方法 (Reservoir and design calculation method thereof ) 是由 田祥 陈欢 任光伟 李瑞林 白娥 贾晔 王敬瑞 张强强 孙天荣 马浩翔 孙佳辉 于 2020-06-08 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明涉及一种蓄水池,包括蓄水池本体和排渗层,所述蓄水池本体包括水池池底和水池侧壁,所述水池池底和水池侧壁的四周设有排渗层；所述排渗层内设有纵横交错连通的横向集渗管和竖向集渗管,所述横向集渗管和竖向集渗管的侧壁上设有渗透孔；所述竖向集渗管与排渗管连通,所述排渗管穿过所述水池侧壁与蓄水池本体内的单向阀连通。本发明还包括蓄水池的设计计算方法。本发明通过在排渗层内设置纵横交错连通的横向集渗管和竖向集渗管,实现对排渗层内的水自动收集到蓄水池内,从而减小了排渗层对其上部建筑物的浮力,确保了建筑物的安全；通过设置单向阀,使排渗层内的地下水只能单向流动,避免地下水被污染。(The invention relates to a reservoir, which comprises a reservoir body and a drainage layer, wherein the reservoir body comprises a reservoir bottom and a reservoir side wall, and the drainage layer is arranged on the periphery of the reservoir bottom and the reservoir side wall; the drainage layer is internally provided with a transverse seepage collecting pipe and a vertical seepage collecting pipe which are communicated in a criss-cross manner, and the side walls of the transverse seepage collecting pipe and the vertical seepage collecting pipe are provided with seepage holes; the vertical seepage collecting pipe is communicated with the seepage discharging pipe, and the seepage discharging pipe penetrates through the side wall of the water tank and is communicated with the check valve in the water storage tank body. The invention also comprises a design calculation method of the water reservoir. According to the invention, the transverse seepage collecting pipes and the vertical seepage collecting pipes which are communicated in a criss-cross manner are arranged in the seepage drainage layer, so that water in the seepage drainage layer is automatically collected into the water storage tank, the buoyancy of the seepage drainage layer to a building above the seepage drainage layer is reduced, and the safety of the building is ensured; by arranging the one-way valve, the underground water in the drainage and seepage layer can only flow in one way, and the pollution of the underground water is avoided.)

1. A water reservoir is characterized by comprising a water reservoir body (1) and a drainage layer (3),

the water storage tank body (1) comprises a tank bottom (1-1) and a tank side wall (1-2), and a drainage and seepage layer (3) is arranged on the periphery of the tank bottom (1-1) and the tank side wall (1-2);

a transverse seepage collecting pipe (4) and a vertical seepage collecting pipe (5) which are communicated in a criss-cross mode are arranged in the seepage drainage layer (3), and a plurality of seepage holes are formed in the side walls of the transverse seepage collecting pipe (4) and the vertical seepage collecting pipe (5);

the vertical seepage collecting pipe (5) is communicated with the seepage discharging pipe (6), and the seepage discharging pipe (6) penetrates through the side wall (1-2) of the water tank to be communicated with a check valve (7) in the water storage tank body (1).

2. The water reservoir as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that the one-way valve (7) comprises an upper valve body (7-1) and a lower valve body (7-2) which are connected, a floating ball (7-3) is arranged between the upper valve body (7-1) and the lower valve body (7-2), and a limit column (7-4) is arranged in the lower valve body (7-2).

3. Reservoir according to claim 2, characterized in that the upper valve body (7-1) is cone-shaped.

4. A reservoir according to claim 1, wherein the drainage layer (3) is a layer of sand gravel.

5. The reservoir according to claim 1, characterized in that the material of the bottom (1-1) and the side walls (1-2) is reinforced concrete.

6. A design calculation method for a water reservoir according to any of claims 1 to 5, comprising the steps of:

step S01, acquiring the size of the reservoir body (1) and the buried depth data of the underground water level;

step S02, according to the load of the reservoir, when the anti-floating stability safety coefficient K_wWhen the requirement is met, calculating the buried depth of the underground water level outside the reservoir;

step S03, determining the height of the seepage drainage pipe (6) and the check valve (7) arranged on the side wall of the reservoir;

s04, acquiring data of the seepage collecting pipe and calculating the seepage quantity of the reservoir;

step S05, calculating the pipe diameter and the number of the drainage pipes (6);

step S06, checking the anti-floating stability safety coefficient K when the check valve (7) is closed_wWhether the requirements are met, if so, executing step S07; if not, repeating the steps S02 to S06;

step S07, finishing the calculation.

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of building anti-floating, in particular to a reservoir and a design calculation method thereof.

Background

The buoyancy of underground water to underground buildings follows the Archimedes principle, and when the buoyancy of water is greater than the weight of the buildings, the buildings will be floated and damaged if no anti-floating measures are taken. Aiming at the buoyancy applied to a building by underground water, two modes of active anti-floating and passive anti-floating are mainly adopted at present. The passive anti-floating is a so-called anchoring method, in which a pool bottom plate is used as a force transmission component for resisting buoyancy, and the buoyancy is transmitted to an anchoring component (such as an anti-floating pile foundation, a rock-soil anchor rod and the like) in a foundation and then transmitted to the rock-soil foundation; the gravity of the counterweight body is directly acted on the bottom plate of the water pool to resist floating, which is commonly called counterweight method. Because the passive anti-floating design has high cost or high requirement on the foundation, the anti-floating mode is less adopted in the actual life.

The active anti-floating adopted at present mainly comprises the steps that a permanent drainage facility is arranged to discharge underground water around an underground structure to a lower area through manpower regularly, so that the buoyancy of the water borne by the underground structure is smaller than the self weight of a building, and the integral anti-floating of the building is realized. However, the water is drained periodically by manpower, the management is relatively troublesome, and the labor cost is increased. Therefore, a technology which is low in price, suitable for various foundations and capable of realizing automatic drainage and anti-floating is needed.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention provides a reservoir capable of realizing automatic drainage and anti-floating and a design calculation method thereof, aiming at the problems of high cost of passive anti-floating design, high foundation requirement, fussy active anti-floating management and increased labor cost in the prior art.

The technical scheme for solving the technical problems is as follows: a water storage tank comprises a water storage tank body and a drainage layer.

The cistern body includes pond bottom of the pool and pond lateral wall, be equipped with the drainage layer around pond bottom of the pool and the pond lateral wall.

The drainage and seepage layer is internally provided with a transverse seepage collecting pipe and a vertical seepage collecting pipe which are communicated in a criss-cross mode, and the side walls of the transverse seepage collecting pipe and the vertical seepage collecting pipe are provided with a plurality of seepage holes.

The vertical seepage collecting pipe is communicated with the seepage discharging pipe, and the seepage discharging pipe penetrates through the side wall of the water tank and is communicated with the check valve in the water storage tank body.

The invention has the beneficial effects that: according to the invention, the transverse seepage collecting pipes and the vertical seepage collecting pipes which are communicated in a criss-cross manner are arranged in the seepage drainage layer, so that water in the seepage drainage layer is automatically collected into the water storage tank through the seepage drainage pipes, the cost of manual drainage is saved, the buoyancy of the seepage drainage layer to a building above the seepage drainage layer is reduced, and the safety of the building is ensured; meanwhile, the project amount of the building for resisting floating is reduced, and the investment cost is reduced; by arranging the one-way valve, the underground water in the drainage and seepage layer only can flow into the reservoir but cannot flow reversely, thereby avoiding the pollution of the underground water and protecting the underground water resources.

On the basis of the technical scheme, in order to achieve the convenience of use and the stability of equipment, the invention can also make the following improvements on the technical scheme:

furthermore, the check valve comprises an upper valve body and a lower valve body which are connected, a floating ball is arranged between the upper valve body and the lower valve body, and a limit column is arranged in the lower valve body.

The beneficial effect of adopting the further technical scheme is that: the floating ball is arranged in the valve body, and the principle that the floating ball moves up and down under the buoyancy of water is utilized, so that the one-way circulation of water is realized, the structure is simple and reasonable, and the reliability is high; the water outlet of the check valve can be prevented from being blocked by the floating ball through the limiting column, so that the normal circulation of water in the drainage and seepage layer to the water storage tank is ensured.

Further, the upper valve body is in a circular truncated cone shape.

The beneficial effect of adopting the further technical scheme is that: the upper valve body is in the shape of a circular truncated cone, so that the situation that the floating ball moves upwards to cause clamping stagnation and cannot work normally can be avoided; meanwhile, the floating ball is ensured to move upwards to block the water inlet of the one-way valve, the water in the water storage tank is prevented from flowing reversely, and the cleanness of underground water is ensured.

Further, the seepage draining layer is a sand gravel layer.

The beneficial effect of adopting the further technical scheme is that: set up to gravel through arranging the infiltration layer, it is good to have the water permeability, advantage with low costs, can guarantee simultaneously that the infiltration of arranging the infiltration layer fully circulates to the cistern in.

Furthermore, the bottom and the side wall of the water pool are made of reinforced concrete.

The beneficial effect of adopting the further technical scheme is that: the pool bottom and the pool side wall of the pool are made of reinforced concrete, so that the pool has the advantages of high strength, good moldability and low cost.

Further, the invention also comprises a design calculation method of the water reservoir, which comprises the following steps:

step S01, acquiring the size of the reservoir body and the buried depth data of the underground water level;

step S02, calculating an anti-floating stability safety coefficient K according to the load of the reservoir_wWhen the requirement is met, the underground water level outside the reservoir is buried deeply;

step S03, determining the height of the seepage drainage pipe and the check valve arranged on the side wall of the reservoir;

s04, acquiring data of the seepage collecting pipe and calculating the seepage quantity of the reservoir;

step S05, calculating the pipe diameter and the number of the drainage pipes;

step S06, calculating the anti-floating stability safety coefficient K when the one-way valve is closed_wWhether the requirements are met, if so, executing step S07; if not, repeatStep S02 to step S06;

step S07, finishing the calculation.

The beneficial effects of the design calculation method are as follows: the design calculation method can reduce the external water pressure of the pool, and increase the balance weight by using the water in the pool, thereby being beneficial to the stability and the safety of the pool; meanwhile, as the external water pressure is reduced, the work amount for resisting floating is small, and the investment is reduced; the one-way drainage is realized by arranging the one-way valve, the communication between the water in the pool and the underground water is prevented, and the environment is protected.

Drawings

Fig. 1 is a schematic view illustrating a mounting position of a first layer check valve when there is no water in a reservoir tank according to the present invention;

FIG. 2 is an enlarged view of a portion of FIG. 1 at A;

FIG. 3 is a schematic view of the tank with the water level in the tank coinciding with the level of the first level of one-way valves;

FIG. 4 is a schematic view of a first level of check valves closed and a second level of check valves installed;

FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of the water level in the pond coinciding with the level of the one-way valves of the second level;

FIG. 6 is a schematic view of the second level check valve closed and the third level check valve installed;

FIG. 7 is a schematic view of the third layer of check valves closed;

FIG. 8 is a schematic view of a pressureless incomplete well seepage calculation;

fig. 9 is a schematic diagram of anti-floating by using a plain concrete counterweight in the prior art.

The reference numbers are recorded as follows: the water storage tank comprises a water storage tank body 1, a water tank bottom 1-1, a water tank side wall 1-2, a water storage level 2, a seepage drainage layer 3, a transverse seepage collection pipe 4, a vertical seepage collection pipe 5, a seepage drainage pipe 6, a one-way valve 7, an upper valve body 7-1, a lower valve body 7-2, a floating ball 7-3, a limiting column 7-4, a water tank 1 'and a balancing weight 2'.

Detailed Description

The principles and features of this invention are described below in conjunction with the following drawings, which are set forth by way of illustration only and are not intended to limit the scope of the invention.

As shown in fig. 1 to 8, a water reservoir is characterized by comprising a water reservoir body 1 and a drainage layer 3.

The water storage tank body 1 comprises a tank bottom 1-1 and a tank side wall 1-2, and in order to avoid cracking at the joint of the tank bottom 1-1 and the tank side wall 1-2, a concrete plate hollow can be arranged at the joint to improve the bearing capacity of the water storage tank body; and the peripheries of the pool bottom 1-1 and the pool side wall 1-2 of the pool are provided with a drainage layer 3.

A transverse seepage collecting pipe 4 and a vertical seepage collecting pipe 5 which are communicated in a criss-cross manner are arranged in the seepage drainage layer 3, and a plurality of seepage holes are formed in the side walls of the transverse seepage collecting pipe 4 and the vertical seepage collecting pipe 5; the diameter of the penetration hole is smaller than that of the sand gravel, and the diameter of the penetration hole can be set to be 2-5 mm, so that smooth circulation of water in the drainage and seepage layer 3 into the water storage tank is guaranteed.

The vertical seepage collecting pipe 5 is communicated with the seepage draining pipe 6, and the seepage draining pipe 6 penetrates through the side wall 1-2 of the water tank to be communicated with a check valve 7 in the water storage tank body 1.

The check valve 7 comprises an upper valve body 7-1 and a lower valve body 7-2 which are connected, a floating ball 7-3 is arranged between the upper valve body 7-1 and the lower valve body 7-2, and a limit column 7-4 is arranged in the lower valve body 7-2. The upper valve body 7-1 is provided with a water inlet pipe communicated with the seepage discharge pipe 6, the lower valve body 7-2 is provided with a water outlet pipe, and the diameter of the floating ball 7-3 is larger than that of the water inlet pipe and the water outlet pipe. In order to ensure that the floating ball 7-3 can float smoothly, the floating ball 7-3 can be a hollow plastic ball.

The upper valve body 7-1 is in a circular truncated cone shape. In order to facilitate the floating ball 7-3 to move up and down, a smooth rotating curved surface can be arranged in the circular truncated cone.

The seepage drainage layer 3 is a sand gravel layer.

The pool bottom 1-1 and the pool side wall 1-2 of the pool are made of reinforced concrete.

The design calculation method of the reservoir specifically comprises the following steps:

step S01, acquiring the size of the reservoir body 1 and the buried depth data of the underground water level;

for example, a certain region requires that a plane is designed to have a length (L) × and a width (B) 21m × 9m, and the target working volume is not less than 600m³The water reservoir. Engineering ofThe underground water level of the area is shallow and is positioned under the natural ground h₄＝0.5m。

According to engineering experience, determining the thickness b of the pool wall₁＝b₂0.25m, thickness h of the base plate₃0.25m, height h of pool top over ground₁0.2 m. Reservoir work clear depth h₂At 3.75m, the working volume is 653m³And the design requirements are met.

The anti-floating design of the reservoir is as follows:

in the formula:

G_k-the sum of the building's dead weight and the weight (kN);

N_w,k-a buoyancy effect value (kN);

K_wthe anti-floating stability safety factor is equal to 1.05.

Load G in anti-floating calculation under current working condition_kWhen the dead weight of the attached facilities is ignored and the dead weight of water in the water storage tank and other favorable loads are not counted, the calculation result is slightly conservative. Therefore, the load G under the current working condition_kOnly the reservoir weight is considered.

Value of buoyancy N_w,kAccording to the Archimedes principle, under the condition of simple buoyancy action, the gravity of the discharged water of the reservoir can be taken out.

Load G_kThe calculation is as follows:

G_k＝G_k,1＝(A₁-A₂)·(h₁+h₂)·γ_c+A₁·h₃·γ_c

in the formula:

G_k,1the self weight of the reinforced concrete component of the reservoir;

A₁-reservoir plane area;

A₂-net area in the reservoir;

h₁-the reservoir exceeds the ground level;

h₂-storage tankThe water storage of the water tank works to a net depth;

h₃-reservoir floor thickness;

γ_c-the gravity of the reinforced concrete.

TABLE 1 load G_kCalculation table

Name (R)

A1

A2

h1

h2

h3

γc

Gk,1

Gk

Unit of

m2

m2

m

m

m

kN/m3

kN

kN

Data of

189

174.25

0.2

3.75

0.25

25

2637.8

2637.8

Value of buoyancy N_w,kThe calculation is as follows:

N_w,k＝A₁·(h₂+h₃-h_w)·γ_w

in the formula:

N_w,k-reservoir buoyancy;

h_wthe groundwater level is buried deep.

γ_w-the severity of the water.

TABLE 2 buoyancy N_w,kAnd anti-floating stability safety coefficient calculation table

As can be seen from the calculation of the above table 2, the buoyancy generated is large due to the high underground water level, the anti-floating stability safety coefficient is 0.40 and less than 1.05, and the standard requirement is not met.

Because the safety coefficient of the reservoir anti-floating stability does not meet the standard requirement, anti-floating measures are required. Adopting the existing counterweight method to carry out anti-floating design, adding a plain concrete counterweight block 2 'with a certain thickness at the bottom of a pool 1', as shown in figure 9, and loading G_kThe calculation is as follows:

in the formula:

G_k,2-self weight of plain concrete counterweight;

h_c-the thickness of the plain concrete counterweight;

-weight of plain concrete, 24kN/m³。

Calculated to obtain G_k＝2637.81+4553.75h₅

Value of buoyancy N_w,kThe calculation is as follows:

N_w,k＝A₁·(h₂+h₃+h_c-h_w)·γ_w

calculating to obtain N_w,k＝6615+1890h₅

ByTo obtain

To obtain h_c≥1.68m，

Taking the plain concrete balancing weight with the thickness of h_c1.8m, meets the specification requirement.