阅读说明：本技术 一种火电厂热解制氢系统及制氢方法 (Thermal power plant pyrolysis hydrogen production system and hydrogen production method ) 是由 陈辉 杨豫森 崔华 于 2019-03-19 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明公开了一种火电厂热解制氢系统,包括电站锅炉、汽轮机和发电机设备,还包括：入料部、气化炉、气体净化及分离装置、高温烟气引出管和废气回流管,所述气化炉用于将煤炭、生物质、垃圾、污泥燃料中的任意一种热解为富含氢气的热解混合气；所述气体净化及分离装置将混合气进行净化和分离得到氢气；所述电站锅炉炉膛有高温烟气引出管,高温烟气引出管连接所述气化炉,所述气化炉连接气体净化及分离装置,净化分离的废气通过废气回流管连接排入电站锅炉炉膛或烟道。(The invention discloses a thermal power plant pyrolysis hydrogen production system, which comprises a power station boiler, a steam turbine and generator equipment, and further comprises: the system comprises a feeding part, a gasification furnace, a gas purification and separation device, a high-temperature flue gas lead-out pipe and a waste gas return pipe, wherein the gasification furnace is used for pyrolyzing any one of coal, biomass, garbage and sludge fuel into pyrolysis mixed gas rich in hydrogen; the gas purification and separation device purifies and separates the mixed gas to obtain hydrogen; the power station boiler furnace is provided with a high-temperature flue gas lead-out pipe, the high-temperature flue gas lead-out pipe is connected with the gasification furnace, the gasification furnace is connected with a gas purification and separation device, and purified and separated waste gas is connected and discharged into the power station boiler furnace or a flue through a waste gas return pipe.)

1. The utility model provides a thermal power plant's pyrolysis hydrogen manufacturing system, includes power boiler, steam turbine and generator equipment, its characterized in that still includes: pan feeding portion, gasifier, gaseous purification and separator, high temperature flue gas eduction tube and waste gas back flow, wherein:

the gasification furnace is used for pyrolyzing any one of coal, biomass, garbage and sludge fuel into pyrolysis mixed gas rich in hydrogen;

the gas purification and separation device purifies and separates the mixed gas to obtain hydrogen;

the power station boiler furnace is provided with a high-temperature flue gas lead-out pipe, the high-temperature flue gas lead-out pipe is connected with the gasification furnace, the gasification furnace is connected with a gas purification and separation device, and purified and separated waste gas is connected and discharged into the power station boiler furnace or a flue through a waste gas return pipe.

2. The thermal power plant pyrolysis hydrogen production system according to claim 1, wherein the gasification furnace comprises a catalyst addition port, and the catalyst is selected correspondingly according to the type of fuel fed into the gasification furnace.

3. The thermal power plant pyrolysis hydrogen production system according to claim 2, wherein the gasification furnace comprises a water vapor introduction pipe, and the water vapor introduction pipe introduces part of main steam or extracted steam of a steam turbine of the thermal power plant into the gasification furnace.

4. The thermal power plant pyrolysis hydrogen production system according to claim 1, wherein the gasification furnace can adopt an oxygen-enriched gasification technology, oxygen-enriched gas is used as a gasification agent and is introduced into the gasification furnace, and the gas production rate of the gasification furnace and the hydrogen production rate of mixed gas are improved.

5. The thermal power plant pyrolysis hydrogen production system according to claim 1, wherein the hydrogen obtained by purification and separation by the gas purification and separation device is sent to a hydrogen storage tank or an externally conveyed hydrogen pipeline and sold externally in the form of bottled gas, a skid tank truck or pipeline gas.

6. The thermal power plant pyrolysis hydrogen production system according to claim 5, wherein the waste gas obtained by purification and separation by the gas purification and separation device is returned to any position of a flue reheater, an economizer, an air preheater and a denitration device of the power plant boiler according to the temperature of the waste gas.

7. The thermal power plant pyrolysis hydrogen production system according to claim 1, wherein the gasification furnace comprises a coal, biomass, garbage or sludge feed inlet and a slag discharge port, and a pyrolysis mixed gas outlet, and the pyrolysis mixed gas outlet is connected with a gas purification and separation device gas supply pipeline.

8. A thermal power plant pyrolysis hydrogen production method is characterized by using the thermal power plant pyrolysis hydrogen production system of any one of claims 1 to 7, and comprises the following steps:

step 1: selecting pyrolysis fuel fed into the gasification furnace according to the resource conditions of the periphery and the region of the thermal power plant, and if the pyrolysis fuel is coal, skipping to the step 2; if the biomass, the garbage or the sludge is biomass, the step 3 is skipped;

step 2: selecting a coal gasification process according to the type of pyrolysis raw material coal, wherein any one of a fixed bed gasification technology, a fluidized bed gasification technology and an entrained flow gasification technology can be adopted, and a gasification agent can adopt any one or any two or three of flue gas, air, oxygen and water vapor, and then entering the step 4;

and step 3: selecting different gasification processes according to the fuel types of the pyrolysis raw material biomass, garbage or sludge, adopting any one of a fixed bed gasification furnace, a fluidized bed gasification furnace or a rotating bed gasification furnace, adopting any one or any two or three combinations of flue gas, air, oxygen and water vapor as a gasification agent, and then entering the step 4;

and 4, step 4: pretreating the pyrolysis raw material, and processing coal into any one of particles, coal dust and coal water slurry according to the type of a gasification furnace; crushing and drying the biomass, the garbage or the sludge;

and 5: feeding the pretreated pyrolysis raw material into a gasification furnace;

step 6: according to the gasification process, any one or any two or three of flue gas, air, oxygen and water vapor are combined into any gasification agent and sent into a gasification furnace;

and 7: the generated mixed gas is sent into a gas purification and separation device for purification treatment;

and 8: separating the purified gas to obtain hydrogen;

and step 9: and the residual waste gas is separated and sent to a boiler flue.

9. The method for preparing hydrogen by pyrolysis in a thermal power plant according to claim 8, wherein the pyrolysis raw material coal is pulverized coal which is directly from a coal mill and a pulverizing system in the thermal power plant.

10. The thermal power plant pyrolysis hydrogen production method according to claim 8, wherein flue gas or steam in the pretreatment drying process of the pyrolysis raw material biomass, garbage or sludge is from power plant boiler flue gas or steam turbine high-temperature steam.

Technical Field

The invention belongs to the field of hydrogen production by pyrolysis and gasification, and particularly relates to hydrogen production by pyrolyzing coal, biomass, garbage or sludge by using flue gas or steam of a boiler of an electric power station.

Background

Hydrogen is currently recognized as the cleanest fuel and also a very important chemical feedstock. Therefore, hydrogen will become a very important clean energy source in the 21 st century. At present, high attention is paid to the development of hydrogen production technology in all countries in the world. In general, hydrogen production techniques can be divided into two broad categories: (1) hydrogen is produced by water electrolysis; (2) the hydrogen is produced by converting other primary energy sources, mainly fossil energy sources (coal, petroleum and natural gas) are used as raw materials to be subjected to conversion reaction with water vapor at high temperature, carbon in the fossil energy is firstly changed into CO, and then the CO is converted into CO2 and H2O is converted into hydrogen through CO conversion (namely water gas conversion) reaction.

The conversion of hydrogen from other primary energy sources, such as pyrolysis gasification of coal and renewable energy fuels, is an important source of hydrogen in the future. The prior art has a supercritical water fluidized bed reactor, and a raffinate recycling coal supercritical water gasification hydrogen production device and method are improved and invented in domestic patent 201610570395.8, but the supercritical water gasification device has high temperature and high pressure, and the device has huge energy consumption. The domestic patent 201610152324.6 discloses a method for preparing hydrogen-rich gas by synchronously gasifying biomass pyrolysis gas and biomass charcoal gas, the temperature of the gas-solid synchronous gasification reaction of the gasification device is 700-.

How to reduce the energy consumption of high-temperature water vapor and other working media in the hydrogen production process by pyrolysis and gasification becomes a problem to be solved urgently.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to provide a thermal power plant pyrolysis hydrogen production system and a thermal power plant pyrolysis hydrogen production method.

Specifically, the invention is realized by the following technical scheme:

the utility model provides a thermal power plant's pyrolysis hydrogen manufacturing system, includes power boiler, steam turbine and generator equipment, still includes: pan feeding portion, gasifier, gaseous purification and separator, high temperature flue gas eduction tube and waste gas back flow, wherein:

the gasification furnace is used for pyrolyzing any one of coal, biomass, garbage and sludge fuel into pyrolysis mixed gas rich in hydrogen;

the gas purification and separation device purifies and separates the mixed gas to obtain hydrogen;

the power station boiler furnace is provided with a high-temperature flue gas lead-out pipe, the high-temperature flue gas lead-out pipe is connected with the gasification furnace, the gasification furnace is connected with a gas purification and separation device, and purified and separated waste gas is connected and discharged into the power station boiler furnace or a flue through a waste gas return pipe.

Preferably, the gasification furnace comprises a catalyst adding port, and the catalyst is selected correspondingly according to the type of the fuel fed into the gasification furnace.

Preferably, the gasification furnace comprises a water vapor introducing pipe, and the water vapor introducing pipe introduces part of main steam or extracted steam of a steam turbine of the thermal power plant into the gasification furnace.

Preferably, the gasification furnace can adopt an oxygen-enriched gasification technology, oxygen-enriched gas is used as a gasification agent and is introduced into the gasification furnace, and the gas production rate of the gasification furnace and the hydrogen production rate of mixed gas are improved.

Preferably, the hydrogen obtained by purification and separation by the gas purification and separation device is sent to a hydrogen storage tank or a hydrogen pipeline for external delivery, and is sold externally in the form of bottled gas, a prying tank truck or pipeline gas.

Preferably, the exhaust gas obtained by purification and separation by the gas purification and separation device is returned to any position in front of a reheater, a economizer, an air preheater and a denitration device of a flue of the power station boiler according to the temperature of the exhaust gas.

Preferably, the gasification furnace comprises a coal, biomass, garbage or sludge feeding port, a slag discharging port and a pyrolysis mixed gas outlet, and the pyrolysis mixed gas outlet is connected with a gas purifying and separating device gas supply pipeline.

A thermal power plant pyrolysis hydrogen production method which uses the thermal power plant pyrolysis hydrogen production system comprises the following steps:

step 1: selecting pyrolysis fuel fed into the gasification furnace according to the resource conditions of the periphery and the region of the thermal power plant, and if the pyrolysis fuel is coal, skipping to the step 2; if the biomass, the garbage or the sludge is biomass, the step 3 is skipped;

step 2: selecting a coal gasification process according to the type of pyrolysis raw material coal, wherein any one of a fixed bed gasification technology, a fluidized bed gasification technology and an entrained flow gasification technology can be adopted, and a gasification agent can adopt any one or any two or three of flue gas, air, oxygen and water vapor, and then entering the step 4;

and step 3: selecting different gasification processes according to the fuel types of the pyrolysis raw material biomass, garbage or sludge, adopting any one of a fixed bed gasification furnace, a fluidized bed gasification furnace or a rotating bed gasification furnace, adopting any one or any two or three combinations of flue gas, air, oxygen and water vapor as a gasification agent, and then entering the step 4;

and 4, step 4: pretreating the pyrolysis raw material, and processing coal into any one of particles, coal dust and coal water slurry according to the type of a gasification furnace; crushing and drying the biomass, the garbage or the sludge;

and 5: feeding the pretreated pyrolysis raw material into a gasification furnace;

step 6: according to the gasification process, any one or any two or three of flue gas, air, oxygen and water vapor are combined into any gasification agent and sent into a gasification furnace;

and 7: the generated mixed gas is sent into a gas purification and separation device for purification treatment;

and 8: separating the purified gas to obtain hydrogen;

and step 9: and the residual waste gas is separated and sent to a boiler flue.

Preferably, the pyrolysis raw material coal is pulverized coal which directly comes from a coal mill and a coal pulverizing system of a thermal power plant.

Preferably, flue gas or steam in the pretreatment drying process of the pyrolysis raw material biomass, garbage or sludge comes from power station boiler flue gas or high-temperature steam of a steam turbine.

The invention has the beneficial effects that:

(1) the high-temperature flue gas of the power station boiler is used as a gasifying agent, so that the waste heat of the flue gas is efficiently utilized, and the energy consumption of the gasification furnace is reduced.

(2) High-temperature extracted steam of a steam turbine of a thermal power plant is used as a gasifying agent, waste heat of extracted steam and a steam working medium are efficiently utilized, the energy consumption of the gasification furnace is reduced, and the hydrogen yield is improved.

(3) Coal powder produced by a coal mill and a coal pulverizing system of a thermal power plant is directly utilized to carry out coal powder pyrolysis hydrogen production.

(4) The boiler flue gas or the steam extracted by the steam turbine is used for drying biomass, garbage or sludge, so that the energy consumption of the whole pyrolysis process is reduced.

Drawings

In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly described below, it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and for those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained according to the drawings without creative efforts.

Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a thermal power plant pyrolysis hydrogen production system according to an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a thermal power plant pyrolysis hydrogen production system according to an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 3 is a schematic flow chart of a hydrogen production method by using a thermal power plant pyrolysis hydrogen production system provided by the first embodiment of the invention;

FIG. 4 is a schematic flow chart of a hydrogen production method using a thermal power plant pyrolysis hydrogen production system provided in example two of the present invention;

FIG. 5 is a schematic flow chart of a hydrogen production method using a thermal power plant pyrolysis hydrogen production system provided in the third embodiment of the invention;

FIG. 6 is a schematic flow chart of a hydrogen production method using a thermal power plant pyrolysis hydrogen production system provided by the fourth embodiment of the invention;

fig. 7 is a schematic structural diagram of a thermal power plant pyrolysis hydrogen production system according to a sixth embodiment of the present invention;

fig. 8 is a schematic structural diagram of a thermal power plant pyrolysis hydrogen production system according to a seventh embodiment of the present invention;

fig. 9 is a schematic structural diagram of a thermal power plant pyrolysis hydrogen production system according to an eighth embodiment of the present invention;

fig. 10 is a schematic structural diagram of a thermal power plant pyrolysis hydrogen production system according to a ninth embodiment of the present invention;

fig. 11 is a schematic structural diagram of a thermal power plant pyrolysis hydrogen production system according to a tenth embodiment of the present invention;

fig. 12 is a schematic structural diagram of a thermal power plant pyrolysis hydrogen production system according to an eleventh embodiment of the present invention;

fig. 13 is a schematic structural diagram of a thermal power plant pyrolysis hydrogen production system according to a twelfth embodiment of the present invention;

fig. 14 is a schematic structural diagram of a thermal power plant pyrolysis hydrogen production system according to a thirteenth embodiment of the present invention;

fig. 15 is a schematic structural diagram of a thermal power plant pyrolysis hydrogen production system according to a fourteenth embodiment of the present invention;

fig. 16 is a schematic structural diagram of a thermal power plant pyrolysis hydrogen production system according to a fifteenth embodiment of the present invention;

fig. 17 is a schematic structural diagram of a thermal power plant pyrolysis hydrogen production system according to a sixteenth embodiment of the present invention;

fig. 18 is a schematic structural diagram of a thermal power plant pyrolysis hydrogen production system according to a seventeenth embodiment of the present invention.

Description of the reference numerals

To further clarify the structure and connection between the various components of the present invention, the following reference numerals are given and described.

A utility boiler 10; an exhaust gas discharge port 101; an exhaust gas treatment device 102; a flue gas treatment device 1021; an air preheater 1022; activated carbon adsorption device 1023; a dust collector 1024; a valve 11; a feeding part 12; a refuse storage pit 1 a; a grab bucket 1 b; a percolate pond 1 c; a gasification furnace 1; a drying device 11'; a pyrolysis gasification chamber 12'; a secondary combustion chamber 13'; a gas purification and separation device 8; a biomass extract container 81; a hot water tank 82; a heating network 83; a gas boiler 84; a feed inlet 14; a slag discharge port 15; a dryer 16; a cooler 2; a steam drum 3; a superheater 4; a steam turbine 5; an economizer 6; a boiler flue 7.

The technical scheme of the invention can be more clearly understood and explained by combining the embodiment of the invention through the reference sign description.

Detailed Description

Reference will now be made in detail to the exemplary embodiments, examples of which are illustrated in the accompanying drawings. When the following description refers to the accompanying drawings, like numbers in different drawings represent the same or similar elements unless otherwise indicated. The embodiments described in the following exemplary embodiments do not represent all embodiments consistent with the present invention. Rather, they are merely examples of apparatus and methods consistent with certain aspects of the invention, as detailed in the appended claims.

The terminology used herein is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting of the invention. As used in this specification and the appended claims, the singular forms "a", "an", and "the" are intended to include the plural forms as well, unless the context clearly indicates otherwise. It should also be understood that the term "and/or" as used herein refers to and encompasses any and all possible combinations of one or more of the associated listed items.

It is to be understood that although the terms first, second, third, etc. may be used herein to describe various information, these information should not be limited to these terms. These terms are only used to distinguish one type of information from another. For example, first information may also be referred to as second information, and similarly, second information may also be referred to as first information, without departing from the scope of the present invention. The word "if" as used herein may be interpreted as "at … …" or "when … …" or "in response to a determination", depending on the context.

The present invention will be described in detail below by way of examples.