阅读说明：本技术 一种风帽结构及循环流化床送风系统 (Hood structure and circulating fluidized bed air supply system ) 是由 沈利翔 王忠列 庞利明 于 2020-06-23 设计创作，主要内容包括：本申请涉及一种风帽结构及循环流化床送风系统,涉及循环流化床技术领域,其包括芯管,其一端为开口设置,用于气流的输送,所述芯管的外壁上均布有排气孔；外罩,罩设在芯管的外部；以及排风管,固定在外罩的外壁上,与外罩的内部连通,所述排风管沿外罩侧壁的周向均布有多组,且排风管的开口倾斜向下设置；其中,所述外罩与芯管之间形成有封闭的夹层,气流能够沿芯管内部流动经排气孔进入夹层内,并从排风管排出。本申请能够有效改善风帽漏渣现象,提高锅炉运行的稳定性和经济性。(The application relates to a blast cap structure and a circulating fluidized bed air supply system, which relate to the technical field of circulating fluidized beds and comprise a core pipe, wherein one end of the core pipe is provided with an opening and used for conveying air flow, and exhaust holes are uniformly distributed on the outer wall of the core pipe; the outer cover is covered outside the core pipe; the exhaust pipes are fixed on the outer wall of the outer cover and communicated with the interior of the outer cover, a plurality of groups of the exhaust pipes are uniformly distributed along the circumferential direction of the side wall of the outer cover, and the openings of the exhaust pipes are arranged obliquely downwards; and a closed interlayer is formed between the outer cover and the core pipe, and airflow can flow along the inside of the core pipe, enter the interlayer through the exhaust holes and is exhausted from the exhaust pipe. The slag leakage phenomenon of the blast cap can be effectively improved, and the stability and the economical efficiency of the operation of the boiler are improved.)

1. A hood structure, its characterized in that: comprises that

The air flow conveying device comprises a core pipe (11), wherein one end of the core pipe (11) is provided with an opening and is used for conveying air flow, and exhaust holes (12) are uniformly distributed in the outer wall of the core pipe (11);

an outer cover (21) which covers the outside of the core tube (11); and

the exhaust pipes (22) are fixed on the outer wall of the outer cover (21) and communicated with the inside of the outer cover (21), a plurality of groups of exhaust pipes (22) are uniformly distributed along the circumferential direction of the side wall of the outer cover (21), and the openings of the exhaust pipes (22) are obliquely and downwards arranged;

wherein, a closed interlayer (31) is formed between the outer cover (21) and the core pipe (11), and airflow can flow along the inside of the core pipe (11), enter the interlayer (31) through the exhaust holes (12) and is exhausted from the exhaust pipe (22).

2. A hood structure according to claim 1, wherein: the exhaust holes (12) are correspondingly arranged at the upper part of the interlayer (31), and the exhaust pipe (22) is correspondingly arranged at the lower part of the interlayer (31).

3. A hood structure according to claim 2, wherein: be fixed with ring (13) on the outer wall of core pipe (11), ring (13) are located the one end that is close to core pipe (11) air intake, be equipped with the external screw thread on the side surface of ring (13), dustcoat (21) and ring (13) threaded connection.

4. A hood structure according to claim 2, wherein: the axial line of the exhaust pipes (22) is not in the same straight line with the radial line of the outer cover (21), and the exhaust pipes (22) are in a circular array relative to the axis of the outer cover (21);

the outer cover (21) is rotatably connected with the core tube (11).

5. A hood structure according to claim 4, wherein: both ends of the core pipe (11) are provided with bearings (14), and the outer cover (21) is rotatably connected with the core pipe (11) through the bearings (14).

6. A circulating fluidized bed air supply system is characterized in that: comprising a hood structure according to any of claims 1-5, further comprising

The air chamber (4) is used for being arranged at the lower part of the circulating fluidized bed;

the air distribution plate (41) is arranged in the air chamber (4), and the air cap structure is arranged on the air distribution plate (41); and

and the air inlet cover (42) is arranged on one side wall of the air chamber (4), and air flow can enter the air chamber (4) through the air inlet cover (42) and is discharged into the circulating fluidized bed through the air cap structure.

7. The circulating fluidized bed air supply system of claim 6, wherein: the hood structures are uniformly provided with a plurality of rows along the wind distribution plate (41), and the hood structures between adjacent rows are arranged in a staggered mode.

8. The circulating fluidized bed air supply system of claim 7, wherein: a first air deflector (51) and a second air deflector (52) are sequentially arranged in the air chamber (4) from one end of the air inlet cover (42) to the inside;

the two ends of the first air deflector (51) and the second air deflector (52) are fixed on the side wall of the air chamber (4), the second air deflector (52) is positioned above the first air deflector (51) in an inclined manner, and the inclination angle of the second air deflector (52) is larger than that of the first air deflector (51);

the first air deflector (51) and the second air deflector (52) are both provided with through holes.

9. The circulating fluidized bed air supply system of claim 8, wherein: a third air deflector (53) is further arranged in the air chamber (4), the third air deflector (53) is positioned above the first air deflector (51) and the second air deflector (52), and in a vertical plane, the third air deflector (53) is positioned between the first air deflector (51) and the second air deflector (52);

the third air deflector (53) is obliquely arranged and is provided with a through hole.

10. The circulating fluidized bed air supply system of claim 9, wherein: the third air deflector (53) is parallel to the second air deflector (52).

Technical Field

The application relates to the technical field of circulating fluidized beds, in particular to a hood structure and a circulating fluidized bed air distribution device.

Background

The circulating fluidized bed boiler adopts a clean coal combustion technology with the highest industrialization degree, the main function is to fluidize gas-solid materials, the fluidization process of the circulating fluidized bed mainly depends on an air supply system of the circulating fluidized bed, an air cap is an important structure arranged at the tail end of the air supply system, and the function of the air cap is to realize uniform air distribution in the circulating fluidized bed and maintain the stability of gas-solid two-phase flow in the boiler.

In an air supply system, the air pressure in an air cap needs to be kept within a certain range, in the related technology, an air outlet duct of the air cap mostly extends along the horizontal direction, the air pressure is too small, bed materials are difficult to disturb, the bed materials leak into an air chamber, the slag leakage phenomenon of the air cap is caused, the bed materials are accumulated in the air chamber, and the operation stability of a boiler is influenced; too large wind pressure can cause too big air supply system resistance, and then increases air supply system power consumption, influences the operation economic nature.

Disclosure of Invention

In order to improve hood slag leakage and improve the stability and the economical efficiency of boiler operation, the following technical scheme is adopted in the application:

in a first aspect, the present application provides a hood structure, which adopts the following technical scheme:

a wind cap structure, comprising

One end of the core pipe is provided with an opening and used for conveying air flow, and exhaust holes are uniformly distributed in the outer wall of the core pipe;

the outer cover is covered outside the core pipe; and

the exhaust pipes are fixed on the outer wall of the outer cover and communicated with the interior of the outer cover, a plurality of groups of the exhaust pipes are uniformly distributed along the circumferential direction of the side wall of the outer cover, and the openings of the exhaust pipes are arranged obliquely downwards;

and a closed interlayer is formed between the outer cover and the core pipe, and airflow can flow along the inside of the core pipe, enter the interlayer through the exhaust holes and is exhausted from the exhaust pipe.

By adopting the technical scheme, after entering the core tube, the airflow enters the interlayer through the exhaust holes, sufficient air pressure is formed in the interlayer, and finally the airflow is exhausted from the exhaust pipe; the exhaust pipe inclines downwards, and the bed materials also enter the air chamber through the exhaust pipe, so that the slag leakage phenomenon is effectively improved. The method can effectively improve the running stability and the economical efficiency of the fluidized bed while ensuring the fluidity of the bed material.

Preferably, the exhaust holes are correspondingly arranged at the upper part of the interlayer, and the exhaust pipes are correspondingly arranged at the lower part of the interlayer.

By adopting the technical scheme, after the air flow enters the interlayer through the exhaust holes, the air flow can move from top to bottom, the interlayer is filled with the air flow, sufficient air pressure is formed in the interlayer, the kinetic energy of the air flow discharged from the exhaust pipe is improved, and the bed material in the furnace is fully stirred.

Preferably, the outer wall of the core pipe is fixed with a ring, the ring is located at one end close to the air inlet of the core pipe, external threads are arranged on the side surface of the ring, and the outer cover is in threaded connection with the ring.

Through adopting above-mentioned technical scheme, dustcoat and ring threaded connection, the setting up of ring makes things convenient for the installation of dustcoat to dismantle, and the lower part of intermediate layer is sealed with the ring simultaneously.

Preferably, the axes of the exhaust pipes are not in the same straight line with the radial line of the outer cover, and the exhaust pipes are in a circular array relative to the axis of the outer cover;

the outer cover is rotatably connected with the core pipe.

Through adopting above-mentioned technical scheme, when the air current got into the exhaust pipe by the intermediate layer, inner wall to the exhaust pipe produced the impact force, promote the exhaust pipe and rotate, because the axle center of the relative dustcoat of a plurality of exhaust pipes is circular array, the incline direction of the relative dustcoat lateral wall of exhaust pipe is unanimous promptly, therefore the air current can promote the exhaust pipe rotatory towards same direction, when exhaust pipe and the relative core pipe of dustcoat rotate, can form the wind field around the hood structure, all can receive the impulsive force effect of air current around the hood structure, avoid forming the blind area, the mobility of bed material in the stove has been improved.

Preferably, bearings are arranged at two ends of the core pipe, and the outer cover is rotatably connected with the core pipe through the bearings.

Through adopting above-mentioned technical scheme, the inner wall of dustcoat cooperatees with the outer lane of bearing, and the dustcoat rotates through two bearings and core pipe to be connected, has reduced the dustcoat and has rotated required frictional resistance, and the rotation of dustcoat is more smooth and easy.

In a second aspect, the present application provides a hood structure, which adopts the following technical solution:

a circulating fluidized bed air supply system comprises the hood structure and further comprises

The air chamber is used for being arranged at the lower part of the circulating fluidized bed;

the air distribution plate is arranged in the air chamber, and the air cap structure is arranged on the air distribution plate; and

and the air inlet cover is arranged on one side wall of the air chamber, and air flow can enter the air chamber through the air inlet cover and is discharged into the circulating fluidized bed through the air cap structure.

Preferably, the hood structures are uniformly provided with a plurality of rows along the wind distribution plate, and the hood structures between adjacent rows are arranged in a staggered manner.

By adopting the technical scheme, the air cap structures adopt a staggered arrangement mode, so that air supply blind areas are prevented from being formed among the air cap structures, and the air distribution condition in the combustion chamber is more uniform.

Preferably, a first air deflector and a second air deflector are sequentially arranged in the air chamber from one end of the air inlet cover to the inside;

the two ends of the first air deflector and the second air deflector are fixed on the side wall of the air chamber, the second air deflector is positioned above the first air deflector in an inclined manner, and the inclination angle of the second air deflector is larger than that of the first air deflector;

through holes are formed in the first air guide plate and the second air guide plate.

By adopting the technical scheme, through the arrangement of the first air deflector and the second air deflector, the through holes are formed in the first air deflector and the second air deflector, air flow can flow along the first air deflector and the second air deflector after entering the air chamber, and air is uniformly distributed through the through holes between the first air deflector and the second air deflector, the speed of the air flow is reduced under the blocking of the first air deflector and the second air deflector, small-range circular flow is formed in the air chamber, the air flow is uniformly dispersed below the air distribution plate, the flow uniformity of the air flow entering the combustion chamber through the air cap structure is improved, carbon particles in the combustion chamber can be combusted in enough time, the smoke quality is ensured, and the stability and the economy of the system are improved.

Preferably, a third air deflector is further arranged in the air chamber, the third air deflector is positioned above the first air deflector and the second air deflector and in a vertical plane, and the third air deflector is positioned between the first air deflector and the second air deflector;

the third air deflector is obliquely arranged and is provided with a through hole.

By adopting the technical scheme, the condition that air particles cannot impact on the second air deflector can occur when the air flow flows along the first air deflector, and the air particles which do not contact with the second air deflector can impact on the third air deflector and are deflected by the third air deflector, so that the air distribution condition in the air chamber is more uniform.

Preferably, the third air deflection plate is parallel to the second air deflection plate.

By adopting the technical scheme, the airflow can stably pass through the space between the second air deflector and the third air deflector, and the change of the wind speed caused by the difference of the widths of the two ports of the second air deflector and the third air deflector is prevented.

In summary, the present application includes at least one of the following beneficial technical effects:

1. the exhaust pipe is obliquely and downwards arranged, so that the airflow at the outlet of the exhaust pipe has air kinetic energy in the horizontal direction and the vertical direction, the air kinetic energy in the vertical direction can easily and fully stir surrounding bed materials, the bed materials are fully mixed with air, and meanwhile, the airflow has component force in the vertical direction, so that the flowability of the air in the furnace in the vertical direction can be accelerated; the exhaust pipe inclines downwards, and the bed materials also enter the air chamber through the exhaust pipe, so that the slag leakage phenomenon is effectively improved. The method can effectively improve the running stability and the economical efficiency of the fluidized bed while ensuring the fluidity of the bed material.

2. The radial direction slope setting with the relative dustcoat of exhaust pipe to rotate the dustcoat and set up on the core pipe, dustcoat and exhaust pipe are rotatory around the axis of core pipe under the effect of atmospheric pressure, can form the wind field around the hood structure, all can receive the impulsive force effect of air current around the hood structure, avoid forming the blind area, improved the mobility of stove bed material.

3. The first air deflector, the second air deflector and the third air deflector are arranged in the air chamber, so that air distribution in the combustion chamber is more uniform, carbon particles in the combustion chamber can be combusted for a sufficient time, the smoke quality is ensured, and the stability and the economical efficiency of the system are improved.

Drawings

Fig. 1 is a schematic view of a hood structure according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.

Fig. 2 is a sectional view of fig. 1.

Fig. 3 is a schematic view of another blast cap structure according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.

Fig. 4 is a top view of fig. 2.

Fig. 5 is a sectional view of fig. 3.

Fig. 6 is a schematic structural diagram of the whole circulating fluidized bed air supply system according to the embodiment of the application.

Fig. 7 is a top view of fig. 6.

Fig. 8 is a schematic diagram showing an internal structure of fig. 6.

In the figure, 11, the core tube; 12. an exhaust hole; 13. a circular ring; 14. a bearing; 21. a housing; 22. an exhaust duct; 31. an interlayer; 4. an air chamber; 41. a wind distribution plate; 42. an air inlet cover; 51. a first air deflector; 52. a second air deflector; 53. and a third air deflector.

Detailed Description

The present application is described in further detail below with reference to the attached drawings.

Referring to fig. 1, a hood structure disclosed in an embodiment of the present application includes a core tube 11, an outer cover 21, and an exhaust duct 22.

One end of the core pipe 11 is set to be an opening, the other end of the core pipe is closed, exhaust holes 12 are uniformly distributed in one end, far away from the opening, of the outer wall of the core pipe 11 along the circumferential direction, and air flow can be discharged through the exhaust holes 12 after entering through the opening end of the core pipe 11.

The outer cover 21 covers the core tube 11; exhaust pipe 22 is fixed on the outer wall of dustcoat 21, and exhaust pipe 22 has the multiunit along the circumference equipartition of dustcoat 21 lateral wall, and exhaust pipe 22's opening all inclines to set up downwards, and is concrete, and in this embodiment, the contained angle between exhaust pipe 22's axis and dustcoat 21's axis is 60. The opening end of the outer cover 21 is fixed relatively to the outer wall of the exhaust pipe 22, and a closed interlayer 31 is formed between the inner wall of the outer cover 21 and the outer wall of the core pipe 11.

After entering the core tube 11, the airflow enters the interlayer 31 through the exhaust holes 12, sufficient air pressure is formed in the interlayer 31 and is finally exhausted from the exhaust pipe 22, the exhaust pipe 22 is obliquely and downwards arranged, the airflow at the outlet of the exhaust pipe 22 has air kinetic energy in the horizontal direction and the vertical direction, the air kinetic energy in the vertical direction can fully stir surrounding bed materials easily, the bed materials are fully mixed with the air, and meanwhile, the air flow has component force in the vertical direction, so that the flowability of the air in the furnace in the vertical direction can be accelerated; the exhaust pipe 22 inclines downwards, and the bed materials also enter the air chamber through the exhaust pipe 22, so that the slag leakage phenomenon is effectively improved. The method can effectively improve the running stability and the economical efficiency of the fluidized bed while ensuring the fluidity of the bed material.

Referring to fig. 2, the exhaust hole 12 is formed at the upper end of the core pipe 11 to correspond to the upper portion of the interlayer 31; the exhaust duct 22 is located at the lower portion of the outer cover 21, corresponding to the lower portion of the interlayer 31. After entering the interlayer 31 through the exhaust holes 12, the airflow can move from top to bottom, the interlayer 31 is filled with the airflow, sufficient air pressure is formed in the interlayer 31, the kinetic energy of the airflow discharged from the exhaust pipe 22 is improved, and the bed materials in the furnace are fully stirred.

The lower part of core pipe 11 outer wall is fixed with ring 13, is provided with the external screw thread on the side surface of ring 13, is equipped with the internal thread with ring 13 complex on the inner wall of dustcoat 21, and dustcoat 21 and ring 13 threaded connection, the installation of dustcoat 21 is dismantled to setting up of ring 13 convenience, and ring 13 seals the lower part of intermediate layer 31 simultaneously.

Referring to fig. 3, 4 and 5, as another embodiment of the blast cap structure provided by the present application, the outer cover 21 is rotatably connected to the core tube 11, an angle is formed between an axis of the exhaust pipe 22 and a radial line of the outer cover 21, and the plurality of exhaust pipes 22 are arranged in a circular array with respect to an axis of the outer cover 21. When the air current gets into exhaust pipe 22 by intermediate layer 31, produce the impact force to the inner wall of exhaust pipe 22, promote exhaust pipe 22 to rotate, because the axle center of a plurality of exhaust pipes 22 relative dustcoat 21 is circular array, the incline direction of exhaust pipe 22 relative dustcoat 21 lateral wall is unanimous, therefore the air current can promote exhaust pipe 22 and rotate towards same direction, when exhaust pipe 22 and dustcoat 21 rotate relative core pipe 11, can form the wind field around the hood structure, all can receive the impulsive force effect of air current around the hood structure, avoid forming the blind area, the mobility of bed material in the stove has been improved.

Referring to fig. 5, the bearings 14 are assembled at both ends of the core tube 11, the interlayer 31 is arranged between the two bearings 14, the inner wall of the outer cover 21 is matched with the outer ring of the bearing 14, the outer cover 21 is rotatably connected with the core tube 11 through the two bearings 14, the friction resistance required by the rotation of the outer cover 21 is reduced, and the rotation of the outer cover 21 is smoother.

Referring to fig. 6 and 7, the present application further discloses a circulating fluidized bed air supply system, which includes the hood structure, the plenum 4, the air distribution plate 41 and the air inlet cover 42. The air chamber 4 is arranged at the lower part of the hearth; the air distribution plate 41 is fixedly connected with the inner wall of the air chamber 4, the air cap structure is arranged on the air distribution plate 41, and the core tube 11 of the air cap structure is communicated with the inside of the air chamber 4; the air inlet cover 42 is fixed on one side wall of the air chamber 4, when in specific use, a fan can be connected to the end part of the air inlet cover 42, air flow is blown into the air chamber 4 through the fan, and air in the air chamber 4 is discharged into the furnace through the hood structure.

Referring to fig. 7, the wind cap structures are uniformly arranged on the wind distribution plate 41 in multiple rows, and the wind cap structures between adjacent rows are staggered. The air cap structures adopt a staggered arrangement mode, so that air supply blind areas are prevented from being formed among the air cap structures, and the air distribution condition in the combustion chamber is more uniform.

Referring to fig. 8, a first air deflector 51 is fixed at the lower part of one end of the air chamber 4 close to the air inlet hood 42, the first air deflector 51 is arranged obliquely, and the included angle between the first air deflector 51 and the bottom surface of the air chamber 4 is 30 ° in this embodiment; a second air deflector 52 is fixed at a downstream position of the first air deflector 51 in the air chamber 4, the second air deflector 52 is positioned obliquely above the first air deflector 51, the second air deflector 52 is obliquely arranged, an inclination angle of the second air deflector 52 is greater than that of the first air deflector 51, and an included angle between the second air deflector 52 and the bottom surface of the air chamber 4 is 60 ° in the embodiment. The first air guiding plate 51 and the second air guiding plate 52 are both provided with through holes.

It should be understood that when air enters the plenum 4 at a high velocity, non-uniformity of air flow and non-uniformity of air pressure inside the plenum 4 may result, which may result in power loss and affect economy; and the air flow discharged into the furnace through the hood structure is not uniformly distributed, the air pressure is not uniform, some carbon particles in the furnace are not fully combusted, namely, the carbon particles are carried away from a combustion chamber by the air flow, the exhaust gas temperature is increased, the heat efficiency of the boiler is reduced, and the stability and the economical efficiency of the whole system are influenced.

Through the arrangement of the first air deflector 51 and the second air deflector 52 and the arrangement of the through holes on the first air deflector 51 and the second air deflector 52, after entering the air chamber 4, the air flow can flow along the first air deflector 51 and the second air deflector 52, and the air is uniformly distributed through the through holes between the first air deflector 51 and the second air deflector 52, the speed of the air flow is reduced under the blocking of the first air deflector 51 and the second air deflector 52, a small-range circulating flow is formed in the air chamber 4, the air flow is uniformly dispersed below the air distribution plate 41, the flow uniformity of the air flow entering the combustion chamber through the hood structure is improved, carbon particles in the combustion chamber can be combusted for enough time, the smoke quality is ensured, and the stability and the economy of the system are improved.

A third air deflector 53 is further fixed in the air chamber 4, the third air deflector 53 is positioned above the first air deflector 51 and the second air deflector 52, and in a vertical plane, the third air deflector 53 is positioned between the first air deflector 51 and the second air deflector 52; the third air guiding plate 53 is disposed obliquely and has a through hole on its surface. When the air flow flows along the first air deflector 51, the air particles may not impinge on the second air deflector 52, and the air particles which do not contact the second air deflector 52 may impinge on the third air deflector 53 and be deflected by the third air deflector 53, so that the air distribution in the air chamber 4 is more uniform.

Further, the third air guiding plate 53 and the second air guiding plate 52 are parallel to each other, so that the air flow can smoothly pass through between the second air guiding plate 52 and the third air guiding plate 53, and the change of the wind speed caused by the difference of the width between the two ports of the second air guiding plate 52 and the third air guiding plate 53 is prevented.

The embodiments of the present invention are preferred embodiments of the present application, and the scope of protection of the present application is not limited by the embodiments, so: all equivalent changes made according to the structure, shape and principle of the present application shall be covered by the protection scope of the present application.