阅读说明：本技术 一种高精度介质带线宽边耦合器 (High-precision dielectric strip line broadside coupler ) 是由 王光辉 于 2020-06-17 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明将耦合区主线的实心线条中去除一个轴线对称的矩形区域,形成一个1分2和2合1的分支结构,副线的对称轴与主线的对称轴重合,在耦合区域,主线上有2部分与副线发生耦合,耦合能量在耦合区之外叠加,若主线和副线的对称轴产生偏离,则在耦合区域,主线上与副线对称轴接近的分支线上的耦合能量增强,主线上与副线对称轴远离的分支线上的耦合能量减弱,耦合的2路能量相加,在副线耦合端输出的能量,相比于主线和副线的对称轴完全重合的情况,变化微小,抵消上下对称轴偏离的影响,可以在常规印制板加工精度的条件下,设计出满足耦合度精度要求的、少调试甚至免调试的耦合器。(The invention removes a rectangular area with symmetrical axis from the solid line of the main line in the coupling area to form a branch structure with 1-in-2 and 2-in-1, the symmetrical axis of the secondary line is coincident with the symmetrical axis of the main line, in the coupling area, 2 parts of the main line are coupled with the secondary line, the coupling energy is superposed outside the coupling area, if the symmetrical axes of the main line and the secondary line deviate, the coupling energy on the branch line close to the symmetrical axis of the secondary line on the main line is enhanced, the coupling energy on the branch line far from the symmetrical axis of the secondary line on the main line is weakened, the coupled 2 paths of energy are added, the energy output at the coupling end of the secondary line is slightly changed compared with the condition that the symmetrical axes of the main line and the secondary line are completely coincident, the influence of the deviation of the upper and lower symmetrical axes is counteracted, and the rectangular area meeting the precision requirement of the coupling degree can be designed under the condition of the processing precision of, Low-debug and even debug-free couplers.)

1. A high-precision dielectric strip line broadside coupler comprises 3 high-frequency printed boards which are mutually laminated and pressed without gaps, wherein copper foil is reserved on the front surface of an upper-layer printed board, the copper foil is removed on the back surface of the upper-layer printed board, printed patterns are manufactured on the front surface and the back surface of a middle-layer printed board, the copper foil is removed on the front surface of a lower-layer printed board, and the copper foil is reserved on the back surface of the; it is characterized by comprising: the dielectric strip line is used for broadside coupling of the transmission line, 2 inner conductors are arranged on the dielectric strip line and used as printed patterns, the two inner conductors are manufactured on the front side and the back side of the same dielectric substrate, broadsides of the inner conductors are parallel, the vertical arrangement distance is small, and energy is coupled among the 2 inner conductors.

2. A high precision dielectric stripline broadside coupler as recited in claim 1, wherein the lamination press comprises: mechanically pressing, namely welding and attaching the metal foil to the upper and lower printed boards, penetrating the 3 printed boards by using metal screws and screwing; gluing, namely inserting prepregs between every two of the 3 printed boards, and carrying out high-temperature melting, cooling and solidification; and tightly connecting the 3 printed boards, and metalizing the side walls of the printed boards.

3. A high precision dielectric stripline broadside coupler as recited in claim 1, wherein the 2 inner conductors comprise: the length of the line that produces the coupling portion is 1/4 the wavelength of the electromagnetic wave at the center frequency in the medium.

4. A high precision dielectric stripline broadside coupler as recited in claim 3, wherein the lines of the coupling section comprise: and removing a rectangular area with symmetrical axes from the solid line of the main line in the coupling area to form a branch structure of 1 in 2 and 2 in 1, wherein the symmetrical axis of the auxiliary line is superposed with the symmetrical axis of the main line.

5. A high precision dielectric stripline broadside coupler as recited in claim 4, wherein the coupling region comprises: the main line has 2 parts coupled with the secondary line, and the coupling energy of the 2 parts is superposed outside the coupling area; if the symmetry axes of the main line and the secondary line deviate, in the coupling area, the coupling energy on the branch line close to the symmetry axis of the secondary line on the main line is enhanced, and the coupling energy on the branch line far away from the symmetry axis of the secondary line on the main line is weakened; and adding the coupled 2 paths of energy to ensure that the energy output by the coupling end of the secondary line has small change compared with the energy output by the coupling end of the secondary line when the symmetry axes of the main line and the secondary line are completely overlapped, and offsetting the influence of the deviation of the upper symmetry axis and the lower symmetry axis on the capability output.

Technical Field

The invention belongs to the technical field of microwaves, and particularly relates to an energy coupling technology.

Background

The coupler is a common element in a microwave system, power distribution, synthesis, coupling and the like are applied to the application scene, and in order to ensure high precision and stability of the amplitude and phase of a coupled signal, most of the couplers adopt a directional coupler. Generally, the coupling degree between-10 dB and 0dB belongs to strong coupling, and is mainly used for power distribution and synthesis; the coupling degree of less than-20 dB belongs to weak coupling and is mainly used for power monitoring. The coupler may be a waveguide coupler, a coaxial coupler, a microstrip coupler, a strip line coupler, etc. according to the type of the selected transmission line, or a hybrid coupler if the types of the main line and the auxiliary line are different.

The directional coupler generally has two transmission lines of a main line and a secondary line, and four ports, wherein one port of the main line is selected as a signal input port, and then signal transmission is reciprocal between two ports with a coupling relationship, one is a coupling port and the other is an isolation port, of the secondary line.

The commonly used dielectric strip line broadside coupler adopts a microwave printing plate to manufacture a printed pattern, the uniformity of a medium is good, and the processing precision of the pattern is high. The conventional dielectric strip line broadside coupler is generally formed by laminating 3 printed boards, wherein the upper layer printed board and the lower layer printed board are both of a structure that one side of each printed board is free of copper foil and the other side of each printed board is provided with copper foil, the middle printed board is a printed board with patterns manufactured on two sides, and two printed lines are manufactured on the front side and the back side of the same dielectric substrate respectively.

The coupling degree of the coupler directly depends on the distance between the printed lines and is very sensitive to the change of the distance between the coupling lines in the plane direction, so that the coupler has very high requirement on the superposition precision of the front and back surfaces of the printed lines, and the yield of the printed board is not high under the condition of the conventional processing technology.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention provides a high-precision dielectric strip line broadside coupler for solving the problems in the prior art, and adopts the following technical scheme for achieving the purpose.

The high-precision dielectric strip line broadside coupler comprises 3 high-frequency printed boards, wherein the 3 printed boards are mutually laminated and pressed without gaps; the front side of the upper-layer printed board is reserved with copper foil, and the back side is removed with copper foil; printing patterns are manufactured on the front surface and the back surface of the middle-layer printed board; and removing the copper foil on the front side of the lower-layer printed board, and keeping the copper foil on the back side.

The pressfitting mode between 3 blocks of printing boards has 2 kinds, makes the large tracts of land switch on between upper printing board and the lower floor's printing board: one is mechanical pressing, metal foils are welded and attached to the upper and lower printed boards, and metal screws penetrate through the 3 printed boards and are screwed tightly; one method is gluing, wherein prepregs are inserted between every two of 3 printed boards, and the 3 printed boards are tightly connected through high-temperature melting, cooling and solidification, so that the side walls of the printed boards are metalized.

The high-precision dielectric strip line broadside coupler adopts a dielectric strip line as broadside coupling of a transmission line, the dielectric strip line is provided with 2 inner conductors, broadsides of the inner conductors are parallel, and the vertical arrangement distance is small; the 2 inner conductors are coupled to each other by coupling energy, and the length of the line of the 2 inner conductors, which generates the coupling portion, is 1/4 of the wavelength of the electromagnetic wave at the center frequency in the medium.

Since the coupling degree between 2 strips is very sensitive to the overlapping size between the strips, in order to realize the high-precision coupling degree, 2 strips are required to be used as printed patterns and manufactured on the front and back surfaces of the same printed board.

In order to further reduce the influence of the superposition size deviation between the strips on the coupling degree, a rectangular area with symmetrical axes is removed from the solid lines of the main line in the coupling area to form a branch structure with 1-in-2 and 2-in-1, and the symmetrical axis of the auxiliary line is superposed with the symmetrical axis of the main line.

In the coupling area, 2 parts on the main line are coupled with the auxiliary line, and the coupling energy of the 2 parts is superposed outside the coupling area; if the symmetry axes of the main line and the secondary line deviate, in the coupling area, the coupling energy on the branch line close to the symmetry axis of the secondary line on the main line is enhanced, and the coupling energy on the branch line far away from the symmetry axis of the secondary line on the main line is weakened; the coupled 2 paths of energy are added, and compared with the energy output by the coupling end of the secondary line, the energy output by the coupling end of the primary line and the energy output by the coupling end of the secondary line are completely overlapped, the energy output by the coupling end of the secondary line has small change, and the influence of the deviation of the upper and lower symmetrical axes is counteracted.

The invention reduces the position precision requirement of the medium strip line broadside coupler on the coupling lines, obviously improves the finished product rate of printed board processing, can be applied to P, L, S, C and other frequency bands, and has obvious economic benefit; the coupling degree of the dielectric strip line broadside coupler is accurately controlled, debugging can be avoided under the conventional machining precision, and time cost and labor cost are greatly saved.

Drawings

Fig. 1 is a structure of a directional coupler, fig. 2 is a circuit of a dielectric strip line broadside coupler, fig. 3 is a structure of a high-precision dielectric strip line broadside coupler, fig. 4 is an upper printed board, fig. 5 is a middle printed board, fig. 6 is a lower printed board, and fig. 7 is a high-power L-band power divider.

Detailed Description

The technical scheme of the invention is specifically explained in the following by combining the attached drawings.

The structure of the directional coupler is shown in fig. 1, and generally includes two transmission lines, i.e., a main line and a sub-line, and four ports, where one port of the main line is selected as a signal input port, and then two ports, i.e., a coupling port and an isolation port, of the sub-line are coupled, and signal transmission is reciprocal between the two ports.

The circuit of the dielectric strip line broadside coupler is shown in figure 2, a printed graph is manufactured by adopting a microwave printed board, the dielectric uniformity is good, and the graph processing precision is high. The conventional dielectric strip line broadside coupler is generally formed by laminating 3 printed boards, wherein the upper layer printed board and the lower layer printed board are both of a structure that one side of each printed board is free of copper foil and the other side of each printed board is provided with copper foil, the middle printed board is a printed board with patterns manufactured on two sides, and two printed lines are manufactured on the front side and the back side of the same dielectric substrate respectively.

The structure of the high-precision dielectric strip line broadside coupler is shown in fig. 3 and comprises 3 high-frequency printed boards, wherein the 3 printed boards are mutually laminated and pressed without gaps; as shown in fig. 4, the upper printed board has copper foil on the front side and copper foil on the back side removed; as shown in fig. 5, the middle layer printed board is provided with printed patterns on the front and back sides; the lower printed board has the copper foil removed from the front side and the copper foil left on the back side as shown in fig. 6.

The pressfitting mode between 3 blocks of printing boards has 2 kinds, makes the large tracts of land switch on between upper printing board and the lower floor's printing board: one is mechanical pressing, metal foils are welded and attached to the upper and lower printed boards, and metal screws penetrate through the 3 printed boards and are screwed tightly; one method is gluing, wherein prepregs are inserted between every two of 3 printed boards, and the 3 printed boards are tightly connected through high-temperature melting, cooling and solidification, so that the side walls of the printed boards are metalized.

The high-precision dielectric strip line broadside coupler adopts a dielectric strip line as a transmission line, the dielectric strip line is provided with 2 inner conductors, broadsides among the inner conductors are parallel, and the vertical arrangement distance is small; the 2 inner conductors are coupled to each other by coupling energy, and the length of the line of the 2 inner conductors, which generates the coupling portion, is 1/4 of the wavelength of the electromagnetic wave at the center frequency in the medium.

Since the coupling degree between 2 strips is very sensitive to the overlapping size between the strips, in order to realize the coupling degree with high precision, 2 strips are required to be used as printed patterns and manufactured on the front and back surfaces of the same dielectric substrate.

In order to further reduce the influence of the superposition size deviation between the strips on the coupling degree, a rectangular area with symmetrical axes is removed from the solid lines of the main line in the coupling area to form a branch structure with 1-in-2 and 2-in-1, and the symmetrical axis of the auxiliary line is superposed with the symmetrical axis of the main line.

In the coupling area, 2 parts on the main line are coupled with the auxiliary line, and the coupling energy of the 2 parts is superposed outside the coupling area; if the symmetry axes of the main line and the secondary line deviate, in the coupling area, the coupling energy on the branch line close to the symmetry axis of the secondary line on the main line is enhanced, and the coupling energy on the branch line far away from the symmetry axis of the secondary line on the main line is weakened; the energy output by the coupling end of the secondary line is slightly changed when the energy output by the coupling end of the secondary line is compared with the energy output by the coupling end of the primary line and the secondary line under the condition that the symmetry axes of the primary line and the secondary line are completely overlapped, and the influence of the deviation of the upper symmetry axis and the lower symmetry axis is counteracted.

A high power L-band 1: the 4 series-fed power divider is used for power distribution and synthesis in the T/R component, as shown in fig. 7, and is 4 equal power input/output, and as shown in the figure, is composed of 3 couplers with coupling degrees of 6dB, 4.77dB and 3dB respectively connected in series.

The coupler comprises 3 printed boards, a copper foil covered by the printed boards, an upper metal fixing plate, a lower metal fixing plate, metal screws and a high-power grounding resistor.

Each independent coupler is provided with a signal coupling port and an isolation port, in order to realize the high directivity of the coupler, the isolation ports are matched, so that the resistance value is the same as the characteristic impedance of a transmission line at the connected port, the impedance of each part in the system is not completely matched, the energy with higher power can reach each resistor, the resistor with high power resistance value is selected, the radiating surface of the resistor is tightly attached to the metal bottom plate, and the heat is rapidly radiated.

The above-described embodiments are not intended to limit the present invention, and any modifications, equivalents, improvements, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present invention are included in the scope of the present invention.