阅读说明：本技术 辐射传热式气化炉 (Radiation heat transfer type gasification furnace ) 是由 苏万银 任相坤 方明 汤胜利 张华伟 王旭宾 王蒙 卜来伟 于 2020-06-12 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明公开了一种辐射传热式气化炉,包括：壳体,所述壳体内限定出燃烧反应室、辐射废锅室和冷却分离室,所述辐射废锅室连通所述燃烧反应室和所述冷却分离室,所述冷却分离室具有合成气出口；烧嘴,所述烧嘴设于所述壳体且与所述燃烧反应室连通；汽包,所述燃烧反应室和所述辐射废锅室中的至少一个具有水冷壁,所述汽包和所述水冷壁适于构成闭合回路。根据本发明的辐射传热式气化炉,吸收了高温气化合成气的辐射能副产蒸汽,提升了煤气化反应效率,具有煤种适应性广、处理能力大、反应效率高、辐射能吸收率高、运行周期长的优点。(The invention discloses a radiant heat transfer type gasification furnace, which comprises: the cooling separation chamber is communicated with the combustion reaction chamber and the cooling separation chamber, and the cooling separation chamber is provided with a synthesis gas outlet; the burner is arranged on the shell and communicated with the combustion reaction chamber; a steam drum, at least one of the combustion reaction chamber and the radiant waste boiler chamber having a water cooled wall, the steam drum and the water cooled wall adapted to form a closed loop. The radiant heat transfer type gasification furnace absorbs the radiant energy byproduct steam of the high-temperature gasification synthesis gas, improves the coal gasification reaction efficiency, and has the advantages of wide coal type adaptability, high treatment capacity, high reaction efficiency, high radiant energy absorption rate and long operation period.)

1. A radiant heat transfer type gasification furnace, comprising:

the cooling separation chamber is communicated with the combustion reaction chamber and the cooling separation chamber, and the cooling separation chamber is provided with a synthesis gas outlet;

the burner is arranged on the shell and communicated with the combustion reaction chamber;

a steam drum, at least one of the combustion reaction chamber and the radiant waste boiler chamber having a water cooled wall, the steam drum and the water cooled wall adapted to form a closed loop.

2. The radiant heat-transfer gasifier of claim 1, wherein the water-cooled walls include a gasification water-cooled wall and a waste boiler water-cooled wall, the gasification water-cooled wall is disposed in the combustion reaction chamber, the waste boiler water-cooled wall is disposed in the radiant waste boiler chamber, the drum includes a gasification drum and a waste boiler drum, the gasification drum is connected to the gasification water-cooled wall and the waste boiler drum is connected to the waste boiler water-cooled wall.

3. The radiant heat-transferring gasifier according to claim 2, wherein the gasification water-cooled wall includes a plurality of cooling water pipes, the cooling water pipes are vertically arranged, the plurality of cooling water pipes define the combustion reaction chamber, and a heat dissipation fin is disposed between two adjacent cooling water pipes.

4. The radiant heat transfer gasifier of claim 2, wherein the waste boiler water wall comprises a membrane water wall and a plurality of sets of radiation screens, the membrane water wall comprises a plurality of cooling water pipes, the cooling water pipes are vertically arranged, the plurality of cooling water pipes define the radiation waste boiler chamber, heat dissipation fins are arranged between two adjacent cooling water pipes, and the plurality of sets of radiation screens are arranged in the membrane water wall and are uniformly distributed along the membrane water wall.

5. The radiant heat-transferring gasification furnace according to claim 4, wherein the radiant screens are in 16-20 groups, each group comprising 4-8 cooling water pipes.

6. The radiant heat-transferring gasifier according to claim 2, wherein the cooling separation chamber is provided with a cooling water distributor provided at an upper portion of the cooling separation chamber and a downcomer having an upper end connected to the water-cooled wall of the waste pot.

7. The radiant heat-transferring gasifier according to claim 6, wherein a lower end of the downcomer is spaced apart from a bottom wall of the cooling separator chamber.

8. The radiant heat-transfer gasifier of claim 1, wherein the burners are multiple, one of the burners is a central burner and the remaining burners are auxiliary burners, a central axis of the central burner coincides with a central axis of the casing, and the auxiliary burners are spaced around the central burner.

9. The radiant heat-transferring gasifier as claimed in claim 1, wherein the casing includes an inner shell and an outer shell, the inner shell is disposed within the outer shell and defines an annular space therebetween, the inner shell includes the water-cooled wall, the combustion reaction chamber and the radiant waste chamber are defined by the inner shell, and the cooling separation chamber is defined by the outer shell.

10. The radiant heat-transfer gasifier according to any one of claims 1 to 9, wherein the combustion reaction chamber, the radiant waste boiler chamber and the cooling separation chamber are arranged from top to bottom, the burner is disposed on a top wall of the housing, and the steam drum is located above the housing.

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of gasification furnaces, in particular to a radiant heat transfer type gasification furnace.

Background

The coal gasification technology is developed to the present, the high-temperature high-pressure pure oxygen gasification is the mainstream technology, dry powdered coal or water coal slurry in a gasification furnace and pure oxygen react at a temperature of more than 1600 ℃ to generate synthesis gas, and the high-temperature sensible heat recovery of the synthesis gas mainly comprises two modes of chilling and waste boiler: the chilling process has simple structure, less investment, large operation flexibility, low efficiency and large heat energy loss; the waste boiler flow can absorb high-temperature radiation energy of synthesis gas and convert the high-temperature radiation energy into steam, the energy efficiency is high, but the waste boiler is complex in structure and high in design difficulty, and the existing gasification furnace of the waste boiler flow has the problems that the structural design is unreasonable and slag is easily blocked in a synthesis gas channel, so that long-period operation of the gasification furnace device is difficult to realize.

Disclosure of Invention

The present invention is directed to solving at least one of the problems of the prior art. Therefore, the invention provides the radiant heat transfer type gasification furnace, which not only ensures that a waste boiler absorbs the radiant energy byproduct steam of high-temperature synthesis gas, but also avoids slag blockage of a synthesis gas channel, and meets the requirement of long-period stable operation.

The radiant heat transfer type gasification furnace according to the embodiment of the invention comprises: the cooling separation chamber is communicated with the combustion reaction chamber and the cooling separation chamber, and the cooling separation chamber is provided with a synthesis gas outlet; the burner is arranged on the shell and communicated with the combustion reaction chamber; a steam drum, at least one of the combustion reaction chamber and the radiant waste boiler chamber having a water cooled wall, the steam drum and the water cooled wall adapted to form a closed loop.

According to the radiation heat transfer type gasification furnace provided by the embodiment of the invention, through the reasonable design of the integrated structure of the combustion reaction chamber, the radiation waste boiler chamber and the cooling separation chamber, and the utilization of the water-cooled wall and the steam pocket for recovering the radiation energy byproduct steam product of the high-temperature synthesis gas, the energy utilization rate is improved, so that the waste boiler is ensured to absorb the radiation energy byproduct steam of the high-temperature synthesis gas, the slag blockage of a synthesis gas channel is avoided, and the requirement of long-period stable operation is met.

In addition, the radiant heat type gasification furnace according to the embodiment of the invention has the following additional technical features:

according to some embodiments of the invention, the water walls include a gasification water wall and a waste boiler water wall, the gasification water wall is disposed in the combustion reaction chamber, the waste boiler water wall is disposed in the radiant waste boiler chamber, the drum includes a gasification drum and a waste boiler drum, the gasification drum is connected to the gasification water wall and the waste boiler drum is connected to the waste boiler water wall.

In some embodiments of the present invention, the gasification water wall includes a plurality of cooling water pipes, the cooling water pipes are vertically arranged, the plurality of cooling water pipes define the combustion reaction chamber, and a heat dissipation fin is disposed between two adjacent cooling water pipes.

In some embodiments of the present invention, the waste boiler water-cooling wall includes a membrane water-cooling wall and a plurality of sets of radiation screens, the membrane water-cooling wall includes a plurality of cooling water pipes, the cooling water pipes are vertically arranged, the plurality of cooling water pipes define the radiation waste boiler chamber, a heat dissipation fin is arranged between two adjacent cooling water pipes, and the plurality of sets of radiation screens are arranged in the membrane water-cooling wall and are uniformly distributed along the membrane water-cooling wall.

In some embodiments of the present invention, the radiation screens are in 16-20 groups, and each group of the radiation screens comprises 4-8 cooling water pipes.

In some embodiments of the present invention, the cooling separation chamber is provided with a cooling water distributor provided at an upper portion of the cooling separation chamber and a downcomer having an upper end connected to the water wall of the waste boiler.

In some embodiments of the invention, the lower end of the downcomer is spaced from the bottom wall of the cooled separation chamber.

According to some embodiments of the invention, the number of the burners is plural, one of the burners is a central burner and the rest of the burners are auxiliary burners, the central axis of the central burner coincides with the central axis of the casing, and the plurality of auxiliary burners are arranged around the central burner at intervals.

According to some embodiments of the invention, the housing comprises an inner shell and an outer shell, the inner shell is disposed within the outer shell and defines an annular space therebetween, the inner shell comprises the water-cooled wall, the combustion reaction chamber and the radiant waste chamber are defined by the inner shell, and the cooling separation chamber is defined by the outer shell.

According to some embodiments of the invention, the combustion reaction chamber, the radiant waste boiler chamber and the cooling separation chamber are arranged from top to bottom, the burner is arranged on the top wall of the shell, and the steam drum is positioned above the shell.

Additional aspects and advantages of the invention will be set forth in part in the description which follows and, in part, will be obvious from the description, or may be learned by practice of the invention.

Drawings

Fig. 1 is a schematic structural view of a radiant heat transfer type gasification furnace according to an embodiment of the present invention.

Reference numerals:

a radiant heat transfer type gasification furnace 100,

A shell 1, an inner shell 11, a gasification water-cooled wall 111, a waste boiler water-cooled wall 112, a radiation screen 113, a combustion reaction chamber 114, a radiation waste boiler chamber 115, a cooling separation chamber 116, a cooling water distributor 1151, a downcomer 1152, a synthesis gas outlet 1153, an outer shell 12, a steam generator,

A burner 2,

A gasification steam drum 3,

A waste boiler drum 4.

Detailed Description

Reference will now be made in detail to embodiments of the present invention, examples of which are illustrated in the accompanying drawings, wherein like or similar reference numerals refer to the same or similar elements or elements having the same or similar function throughout. The embodiments described below with reference to the accompanying drawings are illustrative only for the purpose of explaining the present invention, and are not to be construed as limiting the present invention.

A radiant heat type gasification furnace 100 according to an embodiment of the present invention is described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

As shown in fig. 1, a radiant heat type gasification furnace 100 according to an embodiment of the present invention includes: a shell 1, a burner 2 and a steam drum.

Specifically, the housing 1 defines therein a combustion reaction chamber 114, a radiation waste chamber 115, and a cooling separation chamber 116, the radiation waste chamber 115 communicating the combustion reaction chamber 114 and the cooling separation chamber 116, the cooling separation chamber 116 having a syngas outlet 1153. Burner 2 is disposed in housing 1, and burner 2 is in communication with combustion chamber 114. At least one of the combustion reaction chamber 114 and the radiant waste chamber 115 has a water wall, water in the drum flows to the water wall and water in the water wall flows to the drum.

For example, the water walls include a gasification water wall 111 and a waste boiler water wall 112, the gasification water wall 111 defining a combustion reaction chamber 114 and the waste boiler water wall 112 defining a radiant waste boiler chamber 115. The combustion reaction chamber 114, the radiation waste boiler chamber 115 and the cooling separation chamber 116 are communicated in the vertical direction. Burner 2 locates the roof of casing 1, and burner 2 is a plurality of, and one in a plurality of burners 2 is central burner and all the other is vice burners, and the central axis of central burner and the central axis coincidence of casing 1, a plurality of vice burners are around 2 interval arrangements of central burner. The central burner and the plurality of secondary burners extend into the combustion chamber 114, respectively. The steam pocket comprises a gasification steam pocket 3 and a waste boiler steam pocket 4, the gasification steam pocket 3 is arranged at the upper part of the gasification furnace 100 and is connected with the gasification water-cooled wall 111 through a pipeline; the waste boiler drum 4 is arranged at the upper part of the gasification furnace 100 and is connected with a waste boiler water-cooled wall 115 through a pipeline.

The operation and the operation principle of the radiant heat type gasification furnace 100 according to the embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to fig. 1.

The coal water slurry and the oxygen are sprayed into the radiant heat transfer type gasification furnace 100 through the burner 2 at the top, and in the radiant heat transfer type gasification furnace 100, the coal water slurry and the oxygen generate combustion gasification reaction to generate synthesis gas with main components of carbon monoxide and hydrogen in a high-temperature high-pressure environment.

Specifically, oxygen and fuel gas are introduced through the central burner to complete ignition and baking, after the temperature and heat energy capable of feeding materials are provided in the radiant heat transfer gasifier 100, oxygen and coal water slurry are sprayed into the combustion reaction chamber 114 through the central burner to complete the feeding process, and oxygen and coal water slurry are continuously fed through a plurality of auxiliary burners (optional, the number of the auxiliary burners is 0-4) on the basis of stable combustion of the central burner. The coal water slurry and the oxygen form a high-speed jet flow field in the furnace to finish the gasification process and generate high-temperature synthesis gas mainly comprising CO and H2.

In the combustion reaction chamber 114, coal powder particles, oxygen, water, gas and the like undergo a complex oxidation-reduction reaction at 1600 ℃ under high temperature and high pressure conditions to generate synthesis gas containing CO and H2 as main components. The gasification water-cooling wall 111 is arranged in the combustion reaction chamber 114, and the water-cooling wall can improve the operation temperature of the combustion chamber, thereby expanding the application range of coal types. The gasification water-cooled wall 111 adopts forced circulation, the cooling water of the gasification water-cooled wall 111 adopts boiler water supply, the water in the gasification steam drum 3 is sent to the gasification water-cooled wall 111 through a pressure pump, the boiler water passing through the gasification water-cooled wall 111 returns to the gasification steam drum 3, a small amount of steam is generated in the gasification steam drum 3, the generated steam enters a plant steam pipe network, and the water supply of the gasification steam drum 3 is supplemented by a boiler water supply main pipe.

The radiant heat transfer type gasification furnace 100 is divided into three parts which are communicated from top to bottom, wherein the upper part is a combustion reaction chamber 114, the middle part is a radiant waste boiler chamber 115, and the lower part is a cooling separation chamber 116. 1600 ℃ high-temperature high-pressure synthesis gas generated by reaction in the combustion reaction chamber 114 and ash slag melted at high temperature enter the radiation waste boiler chamber 115, a waste boiler water-cooling wall 112 and a plurality of groups of radiation screens 113 are arranged in the radiation waste boiler chamber 115 to recover the radiation energy of the high-temperature high-pressure synthesis gas, boiler water is used for cooling the waste boiler water-cooling wall 112 and the radiation screens 113, water in the waste boiler drum 4 enters the waste boiler water-cooling wall 112 and the radiation screens 113 in a natural circulation mode, boiler water obtained after the high-temperature synthesis gas radiation energy is recovered through the waste boiler water-cooling wall 112 and the radiation screens 113 returns to the waste boiler drum 4, a large amount of steam is generated in the waste boiler drum 4, the generated steam enters a steam pipe network of a whole plant, and the boiler water supply of the waste boiler drum 4 is supplemented by a boiler water supply main pipe.

The temperature of the high-temperature synthesis gas radiation waste boiler 115 is reduced to about 800 ℃ after the radiation energy is recovered, the synthesis gas descends through a cooling water distributor 1151 and a downcomer 1152 at the upper part of a cooling separation chamber 116, cooling water enters the downcomer 1152 through the cooling water distributor 1151, the synthesis gas is cooled in the downcomer 1152 and then mixed with the synthesis gas, the synthesis gas enters the cooling separation chamber 116 at the lower part of a shell 1, the synthesis gas separates coal ash particles in the synthesis gas in the cooling separation chamber 116, and the synthesis gas is discharged out of the radiation heat transfer type gasification furnace 100 from a synthesis gas outlet 1153 at the upper part of the cooling separation chamber 116.

According to the radiant heat transfer type gasification furnace 100 provided by the embodiment of the invention, through reasonable design of an integrated structure of the combustion reaction chamber 114, the radiant waste boiler chamber 115 and the cooling separation chamber 116, and by-product steam produced by recycling radiant energy of high-temperature synthesis gas by using a water-cooled wall and a steam pocket, the energy utilization rate is improved, so that the waste boiler is ensured to absorb the radiant energy of the high-temperature synthesis gas and by-product steam, the blockage of a synthesis gas channel is avoided, and the requirement of long-period stable operation is met.

In some embodiments, as shown in FIG. 1, the shell 1 includes an inner shell 11 and an outer shell 12, the inner shell 11 is disposed within the outer shell 12, and the inner shell 11 includes a gasification water wall 111 and a waste boiler water wall 112 and a radiation shield 113. An annular space is defined between the inner shell 11 and the outer shell 12, and the annular space is continuously filled with inert gas to reduce the temperature of the outer shell.

In some embodiments, as shown in fig. 1, the outer casing 12 may be used to house and protect various components of the radiant heat transfer gasifier 100, the gasification water wall 111 in the inner casing 11 may be formed of a membrane water wall, and the gasification water wall 111 may include a plurality of cooling water pipes, a gasification upper header and a gasification lower header, the plurality of cooling water pipes are spaced apart from each other along the circumferential direction of the inner casing 11 and attached to the outer surface of the inner casing 11, and heat dissipation fins are connected between two adjacent cooling water pipes. The gasification upper header is arranged above the inner shell 11 and is respectively connected with the upper ends of a plurality of cooling water pipes, boiler water in a saturated state is introduced into the cooling water pipes, and a small amount of steam can be generated through the gasification steam drum 3. The gasification lower header is arranged below the gasification water-cooled wall 111 and is respectively connected with the lower ends of the plurality of cooling water pipes, the gasification upper header is provided with a cooling water outlet and an exhaust port, and the gasification lower header is provided with a cooling water inlet and a sewage outlet.

In some embodiments of the present invention, the waste boiler water wall 112 includes a membrane water wall including a plurality of cooling water pipes arranged vertically, the plurality of cooling water pipes defining the radiation waste boiler chamber 115, and a plurality of sets of radiation screens 113 disposed between two adjacent cooling water pipes, the plurality of sets of radiation screens 113 being disposed in the membrane water wall and uniformly distributed along the membrane water wall. The upper collection box of the waste pan is respectively connected with the upper ends of the plurality of cooling water pipes, the lower collection box of the waste pan is arranged at the lower part of the inner shell 11 and is respectively connected with the lower ends of the plurality of cooling water pipes, the upper collection box of the waste pan is provided with a cooling water outlet, and the lower collection box of the waste pan is provided with a cooling water inlet and a sewage outlet.

As shown in fig. 1, the inner casing 11 includes an upper combustion reaction chamber 114 and a lower radiant waste chamber 115 connected in series.

The inside of the combustion reaction chamber 114 is provided with a gasification water-cooled wall 111 and limits the volume of the reaction chamber, the inner surface of the gasification water-cooled wall 111 can be coated with a high-temperature resistant material, the high-temperature resistant material can rapidly transfer heat generated by combustion in the combustion reaction chamber 114 to the cooling water pipe, and the slag forms a solid slag layer on the surface of the refractory material, so that the function of protecting the refractory material is achieved.

The radiation waste boiler chamber 115 is arranged at the lower part of the inner shell 11 and is provided with a waste boiler water-cooled wall 112 and a radiation screen 113, and the radiation energy emitted by the high-temperature synthesis gas is absorbed by the waste boiler water-cooled wall 112 and the radiation screen 113 to generate high-pressure byproduct steam. The waste boiler steam drum 4 is provided with a cooling water inlet and a byproduct steam outlet, and the waste boiler steam drum 4 is connected with a cooling water inlet and a cooling water outlet of the waste boiler water-cooled wall 112 and a cooling water inlet of the radiation screen through pipelines.

In some embodiments, the plurality of sets of radiant screens are arranged in 16-20 sets, and optionally, each set of radiant screens has 4-8 cooling water pipes.

The cooling separation chamber 116 is provided in the lower portion of the housing 12, and is provided with a cooling water distributor 1151 and a downcomer 1152, the cooling water distributor 1151 is provided in the upper portion of the cooling separation chamber 116, the upper end of the downcomer 1152 is connected to the waste boiler water wall 112, and the lower end of the downcomer 1152 is spaced apart from the bottom wall of the cooling separation chamber 116.

High temperature syngas and ash produced in the combustion reaction chamber 114 pass through the lower gasification water wall 111, the waste boiler water wall 112 and the radiant screen 113, downstream along the cooling water distributor 1151 and the downcomer 1152 and enter the cooling separation chamber 116. After the cooling separation chamber 116 is cooled by water bath, the synthesis gas enters a post-treatment section through a synthesis gas outlet 1153 pipeline, and the separated slag and cooling water are discharged from the bottom of the cooling separation chamber 116.

In some embodiments of the present invention, as shown in fig. 1, the axis of the central burner is vertical, the central burner has a plurality of channels, the coal water slurry, the oxygen and the fuel gas have special channels, the plurality of secondary burners have coal water slurry and oxygen channels, optionally, the number of the plurality of secondary burners can be 0-4, the central burner is arranged at the top center of the outer shell 12 and extends into the inner shell 11 to the combustion reaction chamber 114 defined by the inner shell 11.

Other configurations and operations of the radiant heat-transferring gasification furnace 100 according to the embodiment of the present invention are known to those skilled in the art and will not be described in detail herein.

In the description of the present invention, it is to be understood that the terms "central," "longitudinal," "lateral," "length," "width," "thickness," "upper," "lower," "front," "rear," "left," "right," "vertical," "horizontal," "top," "bottom," "inner," "outer," "clockwise," "counterclockwise," "axial," "radial," "circumferential," and the like are used in the orientations and positional relationships indicated in the drawings for convenience in describing the invention and to simplify the description, and are not intended to indicate or imply that the referenced device or element must have a particular orientation, be constructed and operated in a particular orientation, and are not to be considered limiting of the invention.

Furthermore, the terms "first", "second" and "first" are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of technical features indicated. Thus, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of that feature. In the description of the present invention, "a plurality" means two or more unless otherwise specified.

In the description of the present invention, "a first feature" or "a second feature" may include one or more of the features, and the first feature "on" or "under" the second feature may include the first and second features being in direct contact, or may include the first and second features not being in direct contact but being in contact with each other through another feature therebetween. The first feature being "on," "over" and "above" the second feature includes the first feature being directly on and obliquely above the second feature, or merely indicating that the first feature is at a higher level than the second feature.

It should be noted that, in the description of the present invention, unless otherwise explicitly specified or limited, the terms "mounted," "connected," and "connected" are to be construed broadly, e.g., as being fixedly connected, detachably connected, or integrally connected; can be mechanically or electrically connected; either directly or indirectly through intervening media, or through the communication between two elements. The specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood in specific cases to those skilled in the art.

In the description herein, references to the description of the term "one embodiment," "some embodiments," "a specific embodiment," "an example" or "some examples" or the like are intended to mean that a particular feature, structure, material, or characteristic described in connection with the embodiment or example is included in at least one embodiment or example of the invention. In this specification, the schematic representations of the terms used above do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Furthermore, the particular features, structures, materials, or characteristics described may be combined in any suitable manner in any one or more embodiments or examples.

While embodiments of the invention have been shown and described, it will be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art that: various changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made to the embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, the scope of which is defined by the claims and their equivalents.