阅读说明：本技术 一种用于砼桩的锥筒及砼桩 (A awl section of thick bamboo and concrete pile for concrete pile ) 是由 曾庆义 于 2020-07-01 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明提供了一种用于砼桩的锥筒,所述锥筒由筒壁合围形成,与砼桩的桩体适配,用于连接砼桩的桩体,所述锥筒的底部外径小于锥筒的顶部外径,锥筒的外壁面为与锥筒的中心轴线呈＜45°夹角的锥面。本发明还提供了一种砼桩,包括砼桩的桩体及所述的用于砼桩的锥筒,所述用于砼桩的锥筒与砼桩的桩体连接,锥筒的锥面朝向桩孔底部。本发明提供的锥筒,安装后该锥筒中心与砼桩的中心轴线重合,利用锥面与砼桩中心轴线的夹角和锥面朝下的倾向,当砼桩向下沉降时,锥筒在环绕砼桩轴线360°的全方位使桩孔孔壁与锥面之间的砼产生直接的、强烈的挤压,砼与桩孔孔壁产生巨大的正压力,正压力产生巨大的摩阻力,阻挡砼桩的下沉,使砼桩承载力提高,沉降减小。(The invention provides a conical cylinder for a concrete pile, which is formed by encircling a cylinder wall, is matched with a pile body of the concrete pile and is used for connecting the pile body of the concrete pile, the outer diameter of the bottom of the conical cylinder is smaller than the outer diameter of the top of the conical cylinder, and the outer wall surface of the conical cylinder is a conical surface which forms an included angle of less than 45 degrees with the central axis of the conical cylinder. The invention also provides a concrete pile, which comprises a pile body of the concrete pile and the conical cylinder for the concrete pile, wherein the conical cylinder for the concrete pile is connected with the pile body of the concrete pile, and the conical surface of the conical cylinder faces the bottom of the pile hole. The cone barrel provided by the invention has the advantages that after the cone barrel is installed, the center of the cone barrel coincides with the central axis of a concrete pile, and by utilizing the included angle between the conical surface and the central axis of the concrete pile and the downward inclination of the conical surface, when the concrete pile is settled downwards, the cone barrel can ensure that concrete between the wall of a pile hole and the conical surface is directly and strongly extruded in all directions of 360 degrees around the axis of the concrete pile, the concrete and the wall of the pile hole generate huge positive pressure, the positive pressure generates huge frictional resistance, the sinking of the concrete pile is blocked, the bearing capacity of the concrete pile is improved, and the settlement is reduced.)

1. The cone cylinder for the concrete pile is characterized in that the cone cylinder is formed by surrounding a cylinder wall, is matched with a pile body of the concrete pile and is used for being connected with the pile body of the concrete pile, the outer diameter of the bottom of the cone cylinder is smaller than the outer diameter of the top of the cone cylinder, the outer wall surface of the cone cylinder is a conical surface, and the included angle between the conical surface and the central axis of the cone cylinder is smaller than 45 degrees.

2. The cone for a concrete pile according to claim 2, wherein an included angle between the tapered surface and a central axis of the cone is less than 22 °.

3. The awl cylinder for a concrete pile as claimed in claim 1, wherein a support portion through which concrete can pass when poured is provided in an inner cavity of the cylinder wall.

4. The cone for a concrete pile according to claim 3, wherein said supporting portion is a cross-shaped supporting rib provided crosswise along an inner cavity of said cone wall; or the supporting part is a bearing rib which is crossed along the inner cavity of the cylinder wall and is shaped like a Chinese character 'mi'; or the supporting part is a bearing rib which is arranged along the inner cavity of the cylinder wall in a crossed manner and is provided with a supporting ring in a shape like a Chinese character 'mi'; or the supporting part is a supporting strip or a supporting plate which is transversely arranged along the inner cavity of the cylinder wall.

5. A cone for a concrete pile according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein a resistance reducing layer is further coated on the tapered surface.

6. The awl cylinder for a concrete pile as claimed in claim 5, wherein the resistance reducing layer is a spray coating layer, an oil film layer, a plastic film layer or a paper layer.

7. A concrete pile, comprising a pile body of the concrete pile and the cone for the concrete pile as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 6, wherein the pile body of the concrete pile comprises a reinforcement cage, the cone is connected with the reinforcement cage, and the conical surface of the cone faces the bottom of a pile hole.

8. A concrete pile according to claim 7, wherein the cone is connected to the bottom of the reinforcement cage or/and the middle of the reinforcement cage, and when the cone is connected to the bottom of the reinforcement cage, the top of the cone for concrete pile is butted against the bottom of the reinforcement cage; when the cone is connected to the middle part of the reinforcement cage, the cone for the concrete pile is sleeved on the outer wall of the longitudinal rib of the reinforcement cage.

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of concrete piles, in particular to a conical cylinder for a concrete pile and the concrete pile with the conical cylinder.

Background

The concrete pile is widely applied to house construction. Load bearing capacity is a very important performance indicator for piles. The friction between concrete pile and rock-soil on the wall of pile hole is the main source of bearing capacity of concrete pile. The friction is generally small, and in order to improve the bearing capacity, the diameter and the length of the pile are only increased, so that the method is not economical. On the other hand, most concrete pile construction processes are drilling, then placing a reinforcement cage, and finally pouring concrete. Because the bottom of the pile hole is generally provided with sediments, the sediments have great negative influence on the bearing capacity and the sedimentation of the concrete pile, and how to eliminate the influence of the sediments is a difficult problem.

Disclosure of Invention

In order to solve the problems, the invention firstly provides a conical cylinder for a concrete pile, which can improve the frictional resistance between the concrete pile and the wall of a pile hole and eliminate or reduce the influence of sediment at the bottom of the pile.

The invention firstly provides a conical cylinder for a concrete pile, which is formed by surrounding a cylinder wall, is matched with a pile body of the concrete pile and is used for connecting the pile body of the concrete pile, the outer diameter of the bottom of the conical cylinder is smaller than the outer diameter of the top of the conical cylinder, the outer wall surface of the conical cylinder is a conical surface, and the included angle between the conical surface and the central axis of the conical cylinder is less than 45 degrees.

Further, the included angle between the conical surface and the central axis of the conical cylinder is less than 22 degrees.

Furthermore, the inner cavity of the cylinder wall is provided with a supporting part which can be penetrated when concrete is poured.

Specifically, the supporting part is a cross-shaped supporting rib which is arranged along the inner cavity of the cylinder wall in a crossed manner; or the supporting part is a bearing rib which is crossed along the inner cavity of the cylinder wall and is shaped like a Chinese character 'mi'; or the supporting part is a bearing rib which is arranged along the inner cavity of the cylinder wall in a crossed manner and is provided with a supporting ring in a shape like a Chinese character 'mi'; or the supporting part is a supporting strip or a supporting plate which is transversely arranged along the inner cavity of the cylinder wall.

Specifically, the conical surface is further covered with a resistance reducing layer.

Further, the resistance reducing layer is a spraying layer, an oil film layer, a plastic film layer or a paper layer.

The invention also provides a concrete pile, which comprises a pile body of the concrete pile and the conical cylinder for the concrete pile, wherein the pile body of the concrete pile comprises a reinforcement cage, the conical cylinder for the concrete pile is connected with the reinforcement cage, and the conical surface of the conical cylinder faces the bottom of the pile hole.

Specifically, the conical cylinder is connected to the bottom of the reinforcement cage or/and the middle of the reinforcement cage, and when the conical cylinder is connected to the bottom of the reinforcement cage, the top of the conical cylinder for the concrete pile is butted with the bottom of the reinforcement cage; when the cone is connected to the middle part of the reinforcement cage, the cone for the concrete pile is sleeved on the outer wall of the longitudinal rib of the reinforcement cage.

The invention has the following technical effects:

the cone barrel provided by the invention has the advantages that after the cone barrel is installed, the center of the cone barrel coincides with the central axis of a concrete pile, and by utilizing the included angle between the conical surface and the central axis of the concrete pile and the downward inclination of the conical surface, when the concrete pile is settled downwards, the cone barrel can ensure that concrete between the wall of a pile hole and the conical surface is directly and strongly extruded in all directions of 360 degrees around the axis of the concrete pile, the concrete and the wall of the pile hole generate huge positive pressure, the positive pressure generates huge frictional resistance, the sinking of the concrete pile is blocked, the bearing capacity of the concrete pile is improved, and the settlement is reduced.

According to the cone, the center of the cone is of the through structure, so that when concrete is poured, the concrete can flow upwards from the bottom of the cone or downwards from the top of the cone, a cavity or a honeycomb pitted surface is not reserved during concrete pouring, and the quality of a concrete pile is ensured.

According to the concrete pile provided by the invention, the pile body adopts the reinforcement cage, and the conical cylinder is arranged at the bottom or/and the middle part of the reinforcement cage, so that when the concrete pile is stressed, force can be more transmitted to the conical cylinder through the reinforcement cage, and the extrusion effect of the conical cylinder is more fully exerted.

The concrete pile provided by the invention can improve the bearing capacity of the concrete pile, reduce the settlement of a pile foundation, overcome the defect of large settlement caused by the sediment at the bottom of the pile, reduce the diameter and the length of the concrete pile and save the cost of the concrete pile by utilizing the extrusion effect of the conical cylinder.

Drawings

FIGS. 1A-1B are schematic structural views of an embodiment of a cone of the present invention;

FIGS. 2A-2B are schematic structural views of a cone in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of a third structure of an embodiment of a cone;

FIG. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of a cone cylinder according to an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 5 is a schematic structural diagram of a cone of the present invention;

FIG. 6 is a schematic structural diagram of a cone of the present invention;

FIG. 7 is a schematic view of an embodiment of the cone of the present invention connected to the bottom of the pile body;

FIG. 8 is a schematic view of an embodiment of a cone according to the present invention (including a stressed state) connected to the bottom of a pile body and then placed in a pile hole;

FIG. 9 is a schematic view of an embodiment of the cone of the present invention connected to the middle of the pile body and then placed in the pile hole.

Wherein:

1, a conical cylinder; 11-cylinder wall; 111 — bottom;

112-top; 113-a conical surface; 114-a central hole;

115-a support portion; 116-a support ring; 117 — a resistance reducing layer;

2, pile body; 21-a reinforcement cage; 211-longitudinal ribs;

212-stirrup; 22-concrete; 221-concrete outside the cone.

23-upper end of pile body; 24-lower end of pile body;

3, pile hole; 31-stake hole opening.

Detailed Description

In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent, the present invention is described in further detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the invention and are not intended to limit the invention.

It will be understood that when an element is referred to as being "secured to," "on" or "disposed on" another element, it can be directly on the other element or intervening elements may also be present. When an element is referred to as being "connected to" another element, it can be directly connected to the other element or intervening elements may also be present.

It should also be noted that terms like "upper end," "lower end," "inner wall," "outer wall," "top," "bottom," "lateral," "side," "outer side," "axis," "axial," "transverse," and the like in the embodiments of the present invention are merely relative concepts or references to normal use of the product or to positions illustrated in the drawings, and are merely intended to facilitate the description of the invention and to simplify the description, but do not indicate or imply that the device or element so referred to must have a particular orientation, be constructed in a particular orientation, and be operated, and therefore should not be considered limiting.

Referring to fig. 1 to 6, the present invention first provides a cone 1 for a concrete pile, wherein the cone 1 is formed by surrounding a cylinder wall 11, is adapted to a pile body 2 of the concrete pile, and is used for connecting the pile body 2 of the concrete pile, the cone 1 comprises a top 112, a bottom 111, and an outer wall surface formed between the top 112 and the bottom 111, an inner cavity of the cylinder wall 11 is a central hole 114 after surrounding, and an outer diameter of the bottom 111 is smaller than an outer diameter of the top 112, such that the outer wall surface forms a conical surface 113 forming an included angle α with a central axis C-C (also a central line of the central hole 111) of the cone 11. The cross section of the top part 112 is a hollow circle, triangle, quadrangle or polygon, the cross section of the bottom part 111 is a hollow circle, triangle, quadrangle or polygon, the conical surface 113 is a conical surface, a triangular conical surface, a quadrangle conical surface or a polygonal conical surface surrounding the central axis C-C of the cone 11, and the cylinder wall 11 is a cone, a triangular cone, a quadrangular cone or a polygonal cone structure. Referring to fig. 7-9, the cone 1 is connected with the pile body 2 of the concrete pile, and after being placed in the pile hole 3, the top 112 of the cone 1 faces the upper end 23 of the pile body of the concrete pile (the end located at the position of the pile hole opening 31), the bottom 111 of the cone 1 faces the bottom of the pile hole 3, and the conical surface 113 faces the bottom of the pile hole 3 and also faces the wall of the pile hole 3. When the concrete pile is pressed, the force of the pile body 2 is transmitted to the cone cylinder 1, the cone cylinder 1 moves downwards, the conical surface 113 is used as a bearing surface, the concrete 221 (the concrete acbd surrounding the outer side of the conical surface 113 shown in fig. 8 and 9) surrounding the outer side of the conical surface is directly and radially extruded to the hole wall of the pile hole 3 along the normal line of the conical surface 113 in all directions of 360 degrees surrounding the pile body 2 of the concrete pile, the force is transmitted to the rock-soil body on the hole wall of the pile hole 3, positive pressure P0 is generated between the concrete 221 outside the conical surface (i.e. the concrete acbd surrounding the outer side of the conical surface 113 shown in fig. 8 and 9) and the hole wall of the pile hole 3, the pile body 2 is prevented from sinking by the resistance generated by the positive pressure, the bearing force of the concrete pile.

The cone 1 of the invention is connected on the pile body 2 and is arranged in the pile hole 3, the concrete 22 injected in the pile hole 3 is solidified outside the conical surface 113 to form wedge-shaped concrete 221 (solid concrete) outside the conical surface, and the wedge-shaped concrete 221 is matched with the conical surface 113 in a wedge-shaped manner, so that unique stress effect and self-locking mechanism can be achieved.

Fig. 8 shows the state of the cone 1 of the invention in the pile hole 3. The cone 1 is connected to the pile body 2, the central axis C-C of the cone 1 coincides with the central axis of the pile body 2 and also coincides with the central axis of the concrete pile, and the included angle alpha between the conical surface 113 and the central axis C-C of the cone 11 is equal to the included angle between the conical surface 113 and the central axis of the pile body 2. In the figure:

t is the pressure of the pile body 2 to the cone 1,

p is the normal component of the pressure T on the conical surface 113, where P is Tsin α;

q-the tangential component of the pressure T on the cone 113, Q ═ Tcos α;

f is the friction coefficient between the conical surface 113 and the concrete 221 outside the conical surface, and f is generally less than 1;

f is the frictional force between the tapered surface 113 and the concrete 221 outside the tapered surface due to the force P, and F is Pf.

When the included angle α between the conical surface 113 and the central axis C-C of the cone 11 is less than 45 °, Q > P > F, that is, the tangential component Q on the conical surface 113 is greater than the friction force F, and Q-F (the difference between Q and F) gradually increases with the gradual increase of the pressure T under the action of the pressure T, after the initial resistance is overcome, the conical cylinder 1 generates downward relative displacement along the conical surface 113 with respect to the concrete 221 outside the conical surface (the concrete acbd shown in fig. 8 and 9), the conical surface 113 and the concrete 221 outside the conical surface (the concrete acbd shown in fig. 8 and 9) are in wedge fit, and the conical cylinder 1 generates a strong squeezing effect on the concrete 221 outside the conical surface, and the squeezing effect is tighter and tighter until self-locking.

Because the included angle between the conical surface 113 and the central axis of the conical cylinder 1 is less than 45 degrees, the conical surface 113 can generate downward relative displacement relative to the concrete 221 (concrete acbd in fig. 8 and 9) outside the conical surface, and the concrete 221 (namely the concrete acbd in fig. 8 and 9) outside the conical surface between the conical surface 113 and the hole wall of the pile hole 3 is clamped and extruded by the conical surface 113 and the hole wall of the pile hole 3, one of the effects is that the compactness and the strength of multidirectional stress of the concrete 221 outside the conical surface are improved, and the conical cylinder 1 is prevented from continuously displacing to prevent the pile body 2 from sinking; secondly, the positive pressure between the concrete 221 outside the conical surface and the wall of the pile hole 3 is greatly increased, the friction force of the concrete pile is greatly increased, the bearing capacity of the concrete pile is greatly improved, especially when the wall of the pile hole 3 is made of rock or hard soil, the clamping and extruding effects are strong, the bearing capacity of the concrete pile can be greatly improved, self-locking can be realized, namely, along with the increase of the load of the concrete pile, the extruding effect is synchronously improved, the bearing capacity of the concrete pile is synchronously improved, and the bearing capacity of the concrete pile is always larger than the load of the concrete pile.

As a preferable design structure of the cone 1 of the invention, the included angle alpha between the conical surface 113 and the central axis C-C of the cone 11 is less than 22 degrees. The friction between the concrete 221 outside the cone surface and the wall of the pile hole 3 is also an important factor that affects whether the cone 1 can generate relative displacement along the cone surface 113. The wall of the pile hole 3 can be soil and rock, and the frictional resistance between the soil and rock and the concrete 221 outside the conical surface has a large variation range. The applicant conducts theoretical research and a large number of simulation calculations, and finds that when the included angle α is smaller than 22 °, the conical surface 113 can be displaced relative to the concrete 221 on the outer side of the conical surface under the action of a small force T.

In order to improve the strength and rigidity of the cone 1, a supporting part 115 is further arranged in the inner cavity of the cone wall 11, and the supporting part 115 is connected with the inner wall of the cone wall 11 and can be integrally formed with the cone wall 11. Fig. 2A-2B, fig. 3, fig. 4 and fig. 5 provide four structural embodiments of the cone 1 having the above-mentioned support portion 115, specifically, the support portion 115 may be a cross-shaped support rib shown in fig. 2A-2B, and is formed crosswise in the central hole 114 of the cone wall 11; alternatively, the support portion 115 may be a support rib shaped like a Chinese character 'mi' as shown in fig. 3, and may be formed to intersect in the center hole 114 of the cylindrical wall 11; alternatively, the support portion 115 may be a cross-shaped support rib with a support ring 116 shown in fig. 4, and is formed in the central hole 114 of the cylindrical wall 11 in a crossed manner, and the support ring 116 is located at the center of the central hole 114 and is integrally connected with the cross-shaped support rib; alternatively, the support portion 115 may be a support strip or a support plate disposed transversely in the center of the central hole 114 of the cylindrical wall 11 as shown in fig. 5. It is understood that the support portion 115 may be other structures, which are beneficial to enhance the strength and rigidity of the cone 1, and are within the scope of the present invention.

Referring to fig. 6, in the specific structural design of the cone cylinder 1 of the present invention, the tapered surface 113 is further covered with a resistance reducing layer 117, so as to reduce the resistance of the cone cylinder 1 during displacement. Preferentially, the thickness of the resistance reducing layer 117 is less than or equal to 1mm, so that the cone 1 can obtain larger extrusion force and extrusion effect with smaller displacement.

Specifically, the resistance reducing layer 117 is a spray coating layer, an oil film layer, a plastic film layer or a paper layer. The spraying layer can be formed by spraying paint, plastic or epoxy resin on the surface of the conical surface 113 by a nozzle, and the oil film layer, the plastic film layer or the paper layer can directly stick oil film paper, plastic film or thin paper on the surface of the conical surface 113.

Referring to fig. 7, 8 and 9, the invention further provides a concrete pile, which comprises a pile body 2 of the concrete pile and a cone 1, wherein the pile body 2 of the concrete pile comprises a reinforcement cage 21, the cone 1 is connected with the reinforcement cage 21 and then placed in a pile hole 3, a conical surface 113 of the cone 1 faces the bottom of the pile hole 3 and the wall of the pile hole 3, concrete 22 is filled around the reinforcement cage 21 and around the cone 1 through pouring, and concrete 221 outside the conical surface is filled in acbd outside the conical surface 113 of the cone 1.

Specifically, the cone 1 can be connected to the reinforcement cage 21 in three different ways. As shown in fig. 7, 8 and 9, the reinforcement cage 21 includes a stirrup 212 and a longitudinal bar 211 connected in a cross manner, and the reinforcement cage 21 can be used as a framework of a concrete pile when concrete 22 is poured. The conical barrels 1 can be connected to the bottom of the reinforcement cage 21 as shown in fig. 7 and 8, can be connected to the middle of the reinforcement cage 21 as shown in fig. 9, and can be connected to the bottom and the middle of the reinforcement cage 21. When the cone 1 is connected to the bottom of the reinforcement cage 21, the cone 1 is a hollow truncated cone structure, or a hollow bowl-shaped truncated cone structure with a substrate at the bottom 111, the outer diameter of the top 112 of the cone is equal to or slightly larger than the outer diameter of the reinforcement cage 21, the top 112 of the cone 1 is fixedly butted with the bottom of the reinforcement cage 21, and after connection, the bottom 111 and the conical surface 113 of the cone 1 face the bottom of the pile hole 3 and the wall of the pile hole 3; when the cone 1 is connected to the middle of the reinforcement cage 21, the cone 1 is a hollow truncated cone structure, the inner diameter of the central hole 111 of the cylinder wall 11 is equal to or slightly larger than the outer diameter of the reinforcement cage 21, the cone 1 is sleeved on the outer wall of the reinforcement cage 21 and welded on the longitudinal rib 211 to be fixed, the cone 1 is connected with the reinforcement cage 21 and then placed in the pile hole 3, and the conical surface 113 faces the lower end 24 of the pile body and the wall of the pile hole 3.

When the cone 1 is connected with the reinforcement cage 21, the cone is connected with the reinforcement cage 21 in a welding mode, and can also be embedded and fixed in concrete of the pile body 2 of the concrete pile.

In the existing concrete pile structure, the bearing is generally realized by combining the reinforcement cage 21 and the concrete 22, because the strength of the concrete 22 is limited, the reinforcement cage 21 cannot be greatly limited by the size of the pile hole 3, and therefore, the bearing capacity which can be provided by the reinforcement cage 21 is limited; on the other hand, according to the conventional thinking way and the current design method, the bearing capacity of the concrete pile is limited by the bonding strength between the hole wall of the pile hole 3 and the concrete 22, so the bearing capacity of the concrete pile is also limited. One of the main factors determining the bearing capacity of a concrete pile is the frictional resistance between the wall of the pile hole 3 and the concrete 22. The concrete pile designed by the invention is characterized in that the conical surface 113 is arranged on the conical barrel 1, the concrete 221 outside the conical surface is extruded by the conical surface 113, the frictional resistance between the wall of the pile hole 3 and the concrete 221 outside the conical surface is increased, and the frictional resistance is correspondingly increased along with the continuous increase of the pressure. When the included angle of the conical surface 113 is designed reasonably, the self-locking effect can be achieved. The technical effect of the invention is that the cone 1 extrudes the lateral surface of the concrete 221 outside the cone, so that the bearing capacity of the concrete pile is improved, and the settlement of the pile foundation is reduced.

The present invention is not limited to the above preferred embodiments, and any modification, equivalent replacement or improvement made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.