阅读说明：本技术 可实现锚索快速张拉的伞形锚固装置及加固工程施工方法 (Umbrella-shaped anchoring device capable of realizing rapid tensioning of anchor cable and reinforcement engineering construction method ) 是由 孙东 程云 王亮 李安洪 姚裕春 周忠德 谭之东 范厚贵 廖成鑫 于 2020-06-21 设计创作，主要内容包括：可实现锚索快速张拉的伞形锚固装置及加固工程施工方法,以通过锚索的快速张拉对加固工程进行快速施工,有效解决抢险加固的时效性和有效性问题。该伞形锚固装置包括承压板、滑动板、支承板、弹性构件和伞形骨架组件,承压板与滑动轴前端固定连接,滑动板位于承压板、支承板之间且套装在滑动轴上,弹性构件的两端分别作用在滑动板、支承板板面上。伞形骨架组件沿承压板周向等距间隔设置,各伞形骨架组件由承力杆、第一连杆和第二连杆构成,承力杆的前端与承压板铰接,第一连杆的两端分别与承力杆后端、滑动板铰接,第二连杆的两端分别与第一连杆中部、支承板铰接。锚索穿过支承板和承压板,其前端通过挤压锚锚固在承压板板面上。(The umbrella-shaped anchoring device capable of achieving rapid tensioning of the anchor cable and the construction method of the reinforcement project are used for performing rapid construction on the reinforcement project through rapid tensioning of the anchor cable, and the problems of timeliness and effectiveness of emergency reinforcement are effectively solved. The umbrella-shaped anchoring device comprises a bearing plate, a sliding plate, a supporting plate, an elastic member and an umbrella-shaped framework assembly, wherein the bearing plate is fixedly connected with the front end of a sliding shaft, the sliding plate is positioned between the bearing plate and the supporting plate and sleeved on the sliding shaft, and two ends of the elastic member are respectively acted on the surfaces of the sliding plate and the supporting plate. The umbrella-shaped framework components are arranged along the circumferential direction of the bearing plate at equal intervals, each umbrella-shaped framework component consists of a bearing rod, a first connecting rod and a second connecting rod, the front end of the bearing rod is hinged with the bearing plate, the two ends of the first connecting rod are respectively hinged with the rear end of the bearing rod and the sliding plate, and the two ends of the second connecting rod are respectively hinged with the middle part of the first connecting rod and the supporting plate. The anchor cable penetrates through the support plate and the bearing plate, and the front end of the anchor cable is anchored on the surface of the bearing plate through extrusion and anchoring.)

1. Can realize that anchor rope opens umbrella-type anchor that draws fast, characterized by: the umbrella-shaped anchoring device comprises a bearing plate (10), a sliding plate (20), a supporting plate (30), an elastic member (44) and an umbrella-shaped framework assembly, wherein the bearing plate (10) is fixedly connected with the front end of a sliding shaft (40), the sliding plate (20) is positioned between the bearing plate (10) and the supporting plate (30) and is sleeved on the sliding shaft (40), and two ends of the elastic member (44) are respectively acted on the surfaces of the sliding plate (20) and the supporting plate (30); the umbrella-shaped framework components are arranged along the circumferential direction of the bearing plate (10) at equal intervals, each umbrella-shaped framework component consists of a bearing rod (41), a first connecting rod (42) and a second connecting rod (43), the front end of the bearing rod (41) is hinged with the bearing plate (10), the two ends of the first connecting rod (42) are respectively hinged with the rear end of the bearing rod (41) and the sliding plate (20), and the two ends of the second connecting rod (43) are respectively hinged with the middle part of the first connecting rod (42) and the bearing plate (30); the anchor cable (1) penetrates through the support plate (30) and the pressure bearing plate (10), and the front end of the anchor cable is anchored on the surface of the pressure bearing plate (10) through an extrusion anchor (5).

2. The umbrella-shaped anchoring device capable of realizing quick tensioning of the anchor cable as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the number of umbrella-shaped skeleton subassembly is 2 ~ 4 groups, and bearing plate (10) circumference equidistance interval sets up, and the number of anchor rope (1) is 4 ~ 8.

3. The umbrella-shaped anchoring device capable of realizing quick tensioning of the anchor cable as claimed in claim 2, wherein: the bearing plate (10) is provided with a bearing plate sliding shaft mounting hole (12) at the central part of the plate body, bearing rod mounting grooves (13) are arranged on the circumference of the plate body at intervals, and through holes for the anchor cables (1) to pass through are arranged on the plate body at intervals; the front end of the bearing rod (41) is positioned in the bearing rod mounting groove (13) and is hinged with the bearing plate body (10) through a pin shaft.

4. The umbrella-shaped anchoring device capable of realizing quick tensioning of the anchor cable as claimed in claim 2, wherein: the sliding plate (20) is provided with sliding shaft through holes (22) for a sliding shaft (40) to pass through at the central part of the plate body, and first connecting rod mounting grooves (21) are arranged on the circumference of the plate body at intervals; the rear end of the first connecting rod installation groove (21) is positioned in the first connecting rod installation groove (21) and is hinged with the plate body of the sliding plate (20) through a pin shaft.

5. The umbrella-shaped anchoring device capable of realizing quick tensioning of the anchor cable as claimed in claim 2, wherein: the supporting plate (30) is provided with a supporting plate sliding shaft mounting hole (32) for a sliding shaft (40) to pass through at the central part of the plate body, second connecting rod mounting grooves (33) are arranged on the circumference of the plate body at intervals, and through holes for anchor cables (1) to pass through are arranged on the plate body at intervals; the rear end of the second connecting rod (43) is positioned in the second connecting rod mounting groove (33) and is hinged with the plate body of the supporting plate (30) through a pin shaft.

6. The umbrella-shaped anchoring device capable of realizing quick tensioning of the anchor cable according to claim 3, 4 or 5, wherein: the sliding shaft (40) is a square steel pipe, and the pressure bearing plate sliding shaft mounting hole (12), the sliding shaft through hole (22) and the support plate sliding shaft mounting hole (32) are square holes matched with the cross section of the sliding shaft (40); the front end of the sliding shaft (40) is fixedly connected with the bearing plate (10) through bolt connection or welding.

7. The reinforcement engineering construction method adopting the umbrella-shaped anchoring device capable of realizing quick tensioning of the anchor rope according to claim 1 comprises the following steps:

① is provided with anchor holes (6), after the anchor holes are positioned, the holes are drilled firstly in the conventional hole section (L)₁) The hole bottom is reamed by a reaming bit to form an anchoring section (L)₂)；

Manufacturing an anchor cable (1) and assembling an umbrella-shaped anchoring device, wherein the front end of the anchor cable (1) is anchored on the surface of the bearing plate (10) through an extrusion anchor (5), anchor cable positioning frames are installed at intervals along the length direction of the anchor cable (1), and the umbrella-shaped anchoring device is restrained by a rope to enable an elastic component (44) to be in a compressed state;

③ releasing the constraint of the elastic member (44), passing the umbrella-shaped anchoring device through the reinforcing body (3) and slowly dropping from the hole mouth to the bottom of the anchor hole (6), releasing the constraint of the elastic member (44), expanding the bearing rod (41) in the umbrella-shaped skeleton assembly under the action of the elastic member (44), and slowly dragging the whole anchor cable (1) out of the hole to clamp the bearing rod (41) in the anchoring section (L)₂) On the hole wall;

pretensioning the anchor cable (1), wherein the exposed end of the anchor cable (1) penetrates through the steel base plate and the outer anchor (2) to be connected with a tensioning machine, and performing whole-bundle pretensioning on the anchor cable (1), wherein the tensioning force is 10% of the design value, so that the bearing rod (41) is effectively clamped on the hole wall at the variable cross section of the anchor hole (6) to form initial anchoring force;

tensioning the anchor cable (1), tensioning the anchor cable (1) in stages to a tension force design value, and locking the anchor cable (1).

8. The reinforcement engineering construction method according to claim 7, characterized by: in the second step, after the umbrella-shaped anchoring device is assembled, the front end of the grouting pipe (4) is connected with the rear end of the sliding shaft (40) through the adapter.

9. The reinforcement engineering construction method according to claim 8, wherein the grouting pipe (4) is used to anchor the segment (L) after the step ⑤ is finished₂) And injecting cement mortar into the internal pressure to form a permanent reinforcement project.

10. The reinforcement work construction method according to any one of claims 7 to 9, characterized by: the anchoring section (L)₂) The segmented hole expansion is carried out to 1-3 segments, each segment is internally provided with an umbrella-shaped anchoring device, and sliding shafts (40) of adjacent umbrella-shaped anchoring devices are connected in series.

Technical Field

The invention relates to foundation pit engineering in highway and railway subgrade retaining structure engineering and municipal infrastructure construction, in particular to an anchor cable quick tensioning umbrella-shaped anchoring device and a reinforcement engineering construction method, which are suitable for slope reinforcement engineering emergency rescue and engineering needing quick slope stabilization.

Background

With the development of the features of the transportation industry and the construction of municipal infrastructure, anchor cables, anchor piles and the like are used in a large number of applications in the reinforcement of side slopes and foundation pits in railways, highways, civil airports and municipal works. Due to the complexity of geological conditions and the variability of natural environments, geological disasters inevitably occur in the existing slope engineering or natural slopes in rainy seasons or earthquakes and the like, and the slope needs to be reinforced in time.

However, existing reinforcement measures have a number of deficiencies. For example, in the reinforcement of an anchor cable, the anchoring section of the anchor cable can be tensioned to form anchoring force after forming strength; the anchoring pile is reinforced, mechanical or manual hole forming is needed, then reinforced concrete is poured, and resistance can be provided when the strength reaches over 75 percent. These reinforcement measures have long periods, and often do not play the roles of quickly reducing the disaster, reducing the disaster and quickly treating the disaster.

Therefore, the invention provides the umbrella-shaped anchoring device for quickly tensioning the anchor cable and the construction method for the reinforcement project, which can quickly reinforce the slope in emergency rescue and disaster relief, have simple and effective structure and convenient and quick construction and meet the requirement of environmental protection.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to solve the technical problem of providing an umbrella-shaped anchoring device capable of realizing quick tensioning of an anchor cable, so that quick construction is carried out on a reinforcement project through quick tensioning of the anchor cable, and the problems of timeliness and effectiveness of emergency reinforcement are effectively solved.

The technical scheme adopted by the invention for solving the technical problems is as follows:

the invention discloses a pull umbrella type anchoring device capable of realizing quick tensioning of an anchor cable, which is characterized in that: the umbrella-shaped anchoring device comprises a bearing plate, a sliding plate, a supporting plate, an elastic member and an umbrella-shaped framework assembly, wherein the bearing plate is fixedly connected with the front end of a sliding shaft; the umbrella-shaped framework components are arranged along the circumferential direction of the bearing plate at equal intervals, each umbrella-shaped framework component consists of a bearing rod, a first connecting rod and a second connecting rod, the front end of the bearing rod is hinged with the bearing plate, the two ends of the first connecting rod are respectively hinged with the rear end of the bearing rod and the sliding plate, and the two ends of the second connecting rod are respectively hinged with the middle part of the first connecting rod and the bearing plate; the anchor cable penetrates through the support plate and the bearing plate, and the front end of the anchor cable is anchored on the surface of the bearing plate through extrusion and anchoring.

Another technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a construction method for reinforcing an umbrella-shaped anchoring device capable of rapidly tensioning an anchor cable, which includes the following steps:

firstly, drilling an anchor hole after the anchor hole is positioned, and reaming a hole at the bottom of a conventional hole section by using a reaming bit to form an anchoring section;

manufacturing an anchor cable and assembling an umbrella-shaped anchoring device, wherein the front end of the anchor cable is anchored on the surface of the bearing plate through extrusion anchoring, anchor cable positioning frames are installed at intervals along the length direction of the anchor cable, and the umbrella-shaped anchoring device is restrained by a rope to enable an elastic component to be in a compressed state;

releasing the constraint on the elastic member, enabling the umbrella-shaped anchoring device to penetrate through the reinforcing body to slowly fall to the bottom of the anchor hole from the hole opening, and enabling a bearing rod in the umbrella-shaped framework assembly to be expanded in the hole expanding section under the action of the elastic member; the whole anchor cable is slowly dragged towards the outside of the hole, so that the bearing rod is clamped on the wall of the anchoring section hole;

pretensioning the anchor cable, wherein the exposed end of the anchor cable penetrates through the steel base plate and the outer anchor to be connected with a tensioning machine tool, and performing whole-bundle pretensioning on the anchor cable, wherein the tensioning force is 10% of the design value, so that the bearing rod is effectively clamped and anchored on the hole wall at the variable cross section of the hole to form initial anchoring force;

tensioning the anchor cables, tensioning the anchor cables in stages to a tension design value, and locking the anchor cables.

The umbrella-shaped anchoring device has the advantages that anchoring force is provided by the umbrella-shaped anchoring device and the wall of the anchor hole, concrete at an anchoring section is not required to be applied, equal-strength time is saved, rapid tensioning can be realized, and the structure can be rapidly reinforced; the problems of timeliness and effectiveness of emergency reinforcement are effectively solved, the structure is simple and practical, the construction is convenient and economic, and the environment-friendly requirement is met; according to the design requirement, after the engineering structure is reinforced, the anchoring section can still be grouted to form a permanent structure.

Drawings

The specification includes the following six figures:

FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the preparation state of the umbrella-shaped anchoring device capable of realizing rapid tensioning of the anchor rope;

FIG. 2 is a schematic view of the working state of the umbrella-shaped anchoring device capable of realizing rapid tensioning of the anchor cable according to the invention;

FIG. 3 is a front view of a support plate of the umbrella-shaped anchoring device for rapidly tensioning an anchor cable according to the present invention;

FIG. 4 is a front view of the sliding plate of the umbrella-shaped anchoring device for rapidly tensioning the anchor cable according to the present invention;

FIG. 5 is a front view of a bearing plate in the umbrella-shaped anchoring device for rapidly tensioning an anchor cable according to the present invention;

fig. 6 is a schematic diagram of the umbrella-shaped anchoring device capable of realizing rapid tensioning of the anchor cable for reinforcement engineering.

The figures show the components and corresponding references: anchor cable 1, outer anchor 2, reinforcing body 3, grouting pipe 4, extrusion anchor 5, anchor hole 6, bearing plate 10, bearing plate anchor cable hole 11, bearing plate sliding shaft mounting hole 12, bearing rod mounting groove 13, sliding plate 20, first connecting rod mounting groove 21, sliding shaft through hole 32, support plate 30, anchor rod mounting groove 6, pressure bearing plate sliding shaft mounting hole 12, bearing rod mounting groove 13, sliding plate 20, first connecting rod mounting groove 21, sliding shaft through hole 32, support plate 30, and anchor rod,A bearing plate anchor cable hole 31, a bearing plate sliding shaft mounting hole 32, a second connecting rod mounting groove 33, a sliding shaft 40, a force bearing rod 41, a first connecting rod 42, a second connecting rod 43, a spring 44 and a conventional hole section L₁Anchoring section L₂。

Detailed Description

The invention is further illustrated with reference to the following figures and examples.

Referring to fig. 1, the umbrella-shaped anchoring device capable of realizing quick tensioning of the anchor cable is characterized in that: the umbrella-shaped anchoring device comprises a bearing plate 10, a sliding plate 20, a supporting plate 30, an elastic member 44 and an umbrella-shaped framework assembly, wherein the bearing plate 10 is fixedly connected with the front end of a sliding shaft 40, the sliding plate 20 is positioned between the bearing plate 10 and the supporting plate 30 and is sleeved on the sliding shaft 40, and two ends of the elastic member 44 respectively act on the plate surfaces of the sliding plate 20 and the supporting plate 30. The umbrella-shaped framework components are arranged along the circumferential direction of the bearing plate 10 at equal intervals, each umbrella-shaped framework component consists of a bearing rod 41, a first connecting rod 42 and a second connecting rod 43, the front end of the bearing rod 41 is hinged with the bearing plate 10, two ends of the first connecting rod 42 are respectively hinged with the rear end of the bearing rod 41 and the sliding plate 20, and two ends of the second connecting rod 43 are respectively hinged with the middle part of the first connecting rod 42 and the bearing plate 30; the anchor cable 1 passes through the support plate 30 and the bearing plate 10, and the front end thereof is anchored on the surface of the bearing plate 10 by the extrusion anchor 5.

Referring to fig. 1, when the umbrella-shaped anchoring device is in the ready state, the elastic member 44 is compressed, and in this state, the bearing rods 41 of the umbrella-shaped skeleton assemblies are folded inwards, and the diameter of the whole umbrella-shaped anchoring device is smaller than the conventional hole section L of the anchor hole 6₁Of (c) is measured. Referring to fig. 2, the umbrella-shaped anchoring device can pass through a conventional hole section L from the hole opening of the anchoring hole 6₁Is lowered to the reaming section L₂At this time, the lateral constraint of the elastic member 44 is released, and under the elastic force of the elastic member 44, the sliding plate 20 is pushed open, and the first connecting rod 42 and the second connecting rod 43 are driven to cause the pressure-bearing rod 41 to expand outwards and be clamped on the hole wall of the hole expansion section L2, so as to provide an initial anchoring force. When the whole anchor cable 1 is stretched outwards, the bearing plate 20 moves outwards, the bearing rod 41 continues to expand outwards, and the tighter the bearing rod is clamped with the hole wall, the larger the provided anchoring force is. Therefore, the anchoring force is provided by the umbrella-shaped anchoring device and the wall of the anchoring hole, and anchoring is not required to be performedThe concrete section saves equal-strength time, can realize quick tensioning, quickly reinforces the structure, and effectively solves the problems of timeliness and effectiveness of emergency reinforcement.

According to the shearing strength of rock on the hole wall, the number of the umbrella-shaped skeleton components is 2-4 groups and the umbrella-shaped skeleton components are arranged at equal intervals along the circumferential direction of the bearing plate 10. The number of the anchor cables 1 is 4-8, and the tension force is determined according to design requirements.

Referring to fig. 5, the bearing plate 10 has a bearing plate sliding shaft mounting hole 12 at a central portion of the plate body, bearing rod mounting grooves 13 at intervals on a circumference of the plate body, and through holes for the anchor cables 1 to pass through are provided at intervals on the plate body. The front end of the bearing rod 41 is positioned in the bearing rod mounting groove 13 and is hinged with the bearing plate 10 through a pin shaft. Referring to fig. 4, the slide plate 20 has a slide shaft through hole 22 formed at a central portion of the plate body through which the slide shaft 40 passes, and first link mounting grooves 21 formed at intervals on a circumference of the plate body. The rear end of the first link mounting groove 21 is located in the first link mounting groove 21 and is hinged to the sliding plate 20 through a hinge pin. Referring to fig. 3, the support plate 30 has a support plate sliding shaft mounting hole 32 formed at a central portion of the plate body through which the sliding shaft 40 passes, second link mounting grooves 33 formed at intervals on the circumference of the plate body, and through holes formed at intervals through which the anchor cables 1 pass. The rear end of the second link 43 is located in the second link mounting groove 33 and is hinged to the support plate 30 by a pin. The sliding shaft 40 is a square steel pipe, and the pressure bearing plate sliding shaft mounting hole 12, the sliding shaft through hole 22 and the support plate sliding shaft mounting hole 32 are square holes matched with the cross section of the sliding shaft 40. The front end of the sliding shaft 40 is fixedly connected with the bearing plate 10 by bolting or welding.

The elastic member 44 is generally made of a steel wire having a diameter of not less than 3mm, and has a compressed length of about 25mm and an extended length of about 40mm by using a compression spring. The elasticity of the elastic member is sufficient to push the sliding plate to open the pressure-receiving bar 41.

Referring to fig. 6, the reinforcement engineering construction method of the umbrella-shaped anchor device capable of realizing rapid tensioning of the anchor cable of the invention comprises the following steps:

① an anchor hole 6 is provided, after the anchor hole is positioned, a hole is drilled first, in the conventional hole section L₁The hole bottom is reamed by a reaming bit to form an anchoring section L₂And a reinforcing body 3 is constructed at the outer end of the anchor hole 6. Conventional pore section L₁The diameter of the anchor hole is generally 110-150 mm. A reaming section L₂The diameter is generally 150-200 mm, and the hole expanding section L₂The length is typically 500 mm.

Manufacturing an anchor rope 1 and assembling an umbrella-shaped anchoring device, anchoring the front end of the anchor rope 1 on the surface of the bearing plate 10 through an extrusion anchor 5, and installing anchor rope positioning frames at intervals along the length direction of the anchor rope 1. The umbrella anchor is restrained with a cord to place the resilient member 44 in compression;

③ removing the restriction on the elastic member 44, passing the umbrella-shaped anchoring device through the reinforcing body 3 from the hole mouth to the bottom of the anchor hole 6, expanding the bearing rod 41 in the umbrella-shaped skeleton assembly in the reaming section under the action of the elastic member 44, dragging the whole anchor cable 1 outwards to make the bearing rod 41 clamped in the anchoring section L₂On the walls of the holes.

And fourthly, pre-tensioning the anchor cable 1, wherein the exposed end of the anchor cable 1 penetrates through the steel base plate and the outer anchor 2 to be connected with a tensioning machine, and the whole anchor cable 1 is pre-tensioned, wherein the tensioning force is about 10% of the designed value, so that the bearing rod 41 is effectively clamped on the hole wall at the variable cross section of the anchor hole 6 to form initial anchoring force.

Tensioning the anchor cable 1. After the fact that the umbrella-shaped anchoring device can effectively provide anchoring force is confirmed, the anchor cable 1 is tensioned to a tension force design value in a grading mode, and the anchor cable 1 is locked.

The anchoring section L is designed according to the requirement₂The bearing plate can be expanded into 1-3 sections in a segmented manner, an umbrella-shaped anchoring device is arranged in each section, and hole sites through which anchor ropes of the umbrella-shaped anchoring device at the bottom end penetrate are arranged in anchor rope holes of the bearing plate and the bearing plate of the umbrella-shaped anchoring device at the outermost side. A plurality of umbrella-shaped anchor cable devices are connected in series, and the dispersed rapid anchoring can be realized.

Referring to fig. 6, in step ②, after the umbrella-shaped anchoring device is assembled, the front end of the grouting pipe 4 is connected with the rear end of the sliding shaft 40 through an adapter, and after step ⑤ is finished, the grouting pipe 4 is used for anchoring the L-shaped anchoring section₂And injecting cement mortar into the internal pressure to form a permanent reinforcement project.

The above description is only intended to illustrate some principles of the umbrella-shaped anchoring device and the construction method of the reinforcement project, which can realize the rapid tensioning of the anchor cable, and the present invention is not intended to be limited to the specific structure and the application range shown and described, so all the corresponding modifications and equivalents that may be utilized belong to the claims of the present invention.