阅读说明：本技术 双极化开口波导阵列天线及通信装置 (Dual-polarized open waveguide array antenna and communication device ) 是由 李冰 于 2020-08-17 设计创作，主要内容包括：本申请提供了一种双极化开口波导阵列天线及通信装置,适用于天线技术领域。该双极化开口波导阵列天线包括多个在第一平面上呈阵列排布的天线单元,天线单元包括4个波导辐射子单元和2个波导功分子单元；4个波导辐射子单元在第一平面上呈2×2阵列排布,每个波导辐射子单元由沿第一方向排列的开口波导和波导正交模耦合器组成；波导正交模耦合器在第一平面上的投影位于开口波导在第一平面上的投影的范围内。由于波导正交模耦合器在第一平面上的投影位于开口波导在第一平面上的投影的范围内,该双极化开口波导阵列天线整体结构变得紧凑,从而可以抑制栅瓣的产生。(The application provides a dual-polarization open waveguide array antenna and a communication device, which are applicable to the technical field of antennas. The dual-polarized open waveguide array antenna comprises a plurality of antenna units which are arranged on a first plane in an array mode, wherein each antenna unit comprises 4 waveguide radiation sub-units and 2 waveguide power distribution sub-units; the 4 waveguide radiating subunits are arranged on the first plane in a2 x 2 array, and each waveguide radiating subunit consists of an open waveguide and a waveguide orthogonal mode coupler which are arranged along the first direction; the projection of the waveguide orthogonal mode coupler on the first plane is within the range of the projection of the open waveguide on the first plane. Since the projection of the waveguide orthogonal mode coupler on the first plane is positioned in the projection range of the open waveguide on the first plane, the whole structure of the dual-polarized open waveguide array antenna becomes compact, and the generation of grating lobes can be suppressed.)

1. A dual-polarized open waveguide array antenna is characterized by comprising a plurality of antenna units which are arranged on a first plane in an array mode, wherein each antenna unit comprises 4 waveguide radiation sub-units and 2 waveguide power distribution sub-units;

the 4 waveguide radiation subunits are arranged on the first plane in a2 x 2 array, and each waveguide radiation subunit consists of an open waveguide and a waveguide orthogonal mode coupler which are arranged along the first direction; the projection of the waveguide orthogonal mode coupler on the first plane is located within the range of the projection of the open waveguide on the first plane; the first direction is perpendicular to the first plane;

the 2 waveguide power molecular units are arranged along the first direction, and each waveguide power molecular unit is connected with 4 waveguide orthogonal mode couplers.

2. The dual polarized open waveguide array antenna of claim 1, wherein the open waveguide comprises an upper open face and a lower open face, both perpendicular and opposite to the first direction, and a resonant cavity disposed between the upper open face and the lower open face;

the opening of the lower opening surface is in a cross shape.

3. The dual polarized open waveguide array antenna of claim 1, wherein the waveguide orthogonal mode coupler is an integral structure formed by crossing 2 coupling cavities, and the projection of the 2 coupling cavities on the first plane is in a cross shape;

and a common port is arranged on one side of the 2 coupling cavities in the waveguide orthogonal mode coupler, which is close to the open waveguide, and the common port is connected with the opening of the lower opening surface of the open waveguide.

4. The dual polarized open waveguide array antenna of claim 3, wherein the 2 coupling cavities in the waveguide orthogonal mode coupler are a first coupling cavity and a second coupling cavity, respectively;

a chamfer is arranged on one side, far away from the open waveguide, of the first side wall of the first coupling cavity, and a feed transmission port is arranged on the second side wall of the first coupling cavity;

any two of the first side wall, the second side wall and the first plane are perpendicular to each other, and the first side wall and the second side wall of the first coupling cavity are respectively distributed on two sides of the second coupling cavity.

5. The dual polarized open waveguide array antenna of claim 1, wherein each waveguide power molecule unit comprises 1 primary power divider and 2 secondary power dividers;

wherein, 2 second grade merit divide the ware to set up relatively, and divide the ware to link to each other through one-level merit.

6. The dual-polarized open waveguide array antenna of claim 5, wherein the primary power divider and the secondary power divider are both ET power dividers, and each ET power divider comprises 1 input port and 2 output ports;

and 2 input ports of the 2 secondary power dividers are respectively connected with 2 output ports of the primary power divider.

7. The dual polarized open waveguide array antenna of claim 6,

4 output ports of 2 secondary power dividers in one waveguide power divider subunit are respectively connected with a feed transmission port on the first coupling cavity in each waveguide radiation subunit;

and 4 output ports of 2 secondary power dividers in the other waveguide power divider subunit are respectively connected with the feed transmission port on the second coupling cavity in each waveguide radiation subunit.

8. The dual polarized open waveguide array antenna of any one of claims 1 to 7, wherein the spacing between two adjacent waveguide radiating sub-elements is 0.7 to 0.9 times the wavelength.

9. A communication device comprising the dual polarized open waveguide array antenna of any one of claims 1-8.

Technical Field

The application belongs to the technical field of antennas, and particularly relates to a dual-polarization open waveguide array antenna and a communication device.

Background

In a satellite communication system, a satellite communication link typically includes an originating earth station, an uplink, a satellite, a downlink, and a terminating earth station, and the satellite acts as a repeater to forward signals transmitted from the originating earth station to the terminating earth station, thereby enabling communication between the originating earth station and the terminating earth station.

When two satellites in a satellite communication system are close to each other and the working frequency and the coverage area are mutually overlapped, a main lobe or a side lobe beam emitted by an antenna of a sending earth station in an uplink mode interferes with a satellite communication link to which an adjacent satellite belongs, so that the overall performance of the satellite communication link is deteriorated, wherein the most serious influence of the side lobe beam is a beam which is not much different from the gain of the main lobe, and the beam is called a grating lobe.

The existing array antenna for satellite communication comprises an open waveguide and an orthogonal mode coupler, the distance between antennas is about 1.7 times of wavelength, the grating lobe of the array antenna arranged at the distance is very high, therefore, a metal cross frame is usually added on the open waveguide, and the grating lobe problem is solved by dividing one open waveguide into four small open waveguides, although the method makes the energy of the open waveguide aperture more uniform and restrains the grating lobe to a certain degree, the structure still easily generates the grating lobe, and the gain of the grating lobe beam is still high and is only about-20 dB relative to the gain of the main lobe beam.

Therefore, it is necessary to design an array antenna, which can effectively solve the problem of too high grating lobe gain, so as to solve the problem of interference of grating lobes to adjacent satellites.

Disclosure of Invention

The embodiment of the application provides a dual-polarization open waveguide array antenna and a communication device, which can inhibit the generation of grating lobes, thereby reducing the interference of the grating lobes to adjacent satellites.

In a first aspect, an embodiment of the present application provides a dual-polarized open waveguide array antenna, where a plurality of antenna units are arranged in an array on a first plane, and each antenna unit includes 4 waveguide radiation sub-units and 2 waveguide power splitter sub-units; the 4 waveguide radiating subunits are arranged on the first plane in a2 x 2 array, and each waveguide radiating subunit consists of an open waveguide and a waveguide orthogonal mode coupler which are arranged along the first direction; the projection of the waveguide orthogonal mode coupler on the first plane is positioned in the range of the projection of the opening waveguide on the first plane; the first direction is perpendicular to the first plane; the 2 waveguide power molecular units are arranged along the first direction, and each waveguide power molecular unit is connected with the waveguide orthogonal mode couplers in the 4 waveguide radiation sub-units.

The embodiment of the application provides a dual-polarized open waveguide array antenna, which comprises a plurality of antenna units arranged on a first plane in an array manner, wherein each antenna unit comprises 4 waveguide radiation sub-units and 2 waveguide power distribution sub-units; the 4 waveguide radiation subunits are arranged in a2 x 2 array on the first plane, each waveguide radiation subunit consists of an open waveguide and a waveguide orthogonal mode coupler which are arranged along the first direction, and the projection of the waveguide orthogonal mode coupler on the first plane is positioned in the projection range of the open waveguide on the first plane, so that the distance between the waveguide radiation subunits can be reduced as much as possible, the structure of the array antenna unit can be compact, the generation of grating lobes can be reduced, and the interference of the grating lobes on adjacent stars can be reduced.

With reference to the first aspect, in a possible implementation manner of the first aspect, the open waveguide includes an upper open surface and a lower open surface, which are both perpendicular to and opposite to the first direction, and a resonant cavity disposed between the upper open surface and the lower open surface; the opening of the lower opening surface is in a cross shape. In this implementation, each open waveguide can receive signals from a cross-shaped opening of the lower open face and then radiate out from the upper open face; alternatively, each open waveguide may receive signals from the upper open face and transmit to the waveguide orthomode coupler from the cross-shaped opening of the lower open face.

With reference to the first aspect, in a possible implementation manner of the first aspect, the waveguide orthogonal mode coupler is an integral structure formed by intersecting 2 coupling cavities, and projections of the 2 coupling cavities on the first plane are in a cross shape; and a common port is arranged on one side of 2 coupling cavities in the waveguide orthogonal mode coupler, which is close to the open waveguide, and the common port is connected with an opening on the lower opening surface of the open waveguide. In the implementation mode, the waveguide orthogonal mode coupler provided with the common port can be directly combined and connected with the open waveguide without adding a transition section, so that the structure of the antenna unit is more compact.

With reference to the first aspect, in a possible implementation manner of the first aspect, the 2 coupling cavities in the waveguide orthogonal mode coupler are a first coupling cavity and a second coupling cavity, respectively; a first side wall of the first coupling cavity is provided with a chamfer at one side far away from the open waveguide, and a second side wall of the first coupling cavity is provided with a feed transmission port; any two of the first side wall, the second side wall and the first plane are perpendicular to each other, and the first side wall and the second side wall of the first coupling cavity are respectively distributed on two sides of the second coupling cavity. In the implementation mode, the coupling cavity forms an H-shaped curved waveguide by setting the chamfer angle, the adjustment of the propagation direction of the signal is realized, the feed transmission port is directly combined and connected with the waveguide power divider unit without adding a transition section, and the structure of the antenna unit is more compact.

With reference to the first aspect, in a possible implementation manner of the first aspect, each waveguide power sub-unit includes 1 primary power divider and 2 secondary power dividers; wherein, 2 second grade merit divide the ware to set up relatively, and divide the ware to link to each other through one-level merit. In this implementation, the 3 power dividers form an overall power dividing network, so that signals can be distributed or combined.

With reference to the first aspect, in a possible implementation manner of the first aspect, the first-stage power divider and the second-stage power divider are both ET power dividers, and each ET power divider includes 1 input port and 2 output ports; 2 input ports of the 2 secondary power dividers are respectively connected with 2 output ports of the primary power divider. In this implementation manner, the waveguide power splitting unit formed by the 3 power splitters realizes the function of a one-to-four power splitter, and can split one signal into four signals, or can combine four signals into one signal.

With reference to the first aspect, in a possible implementation manner of the first aspect, 4 output ports of 2 secondary power dividers in one waveguide power sub-unit are respectively connected to a feed transmission port on a first coupling cavity in each waveguide radiation sub-unit; 4 output ports of 2 secondary power dividers in the other waveguide power divider subunit are respectively connected with a feed transmission port on a second coupling cavity in each waveguide radiation subunit; in this implementation manner, the output port of the secondary power divider and the feed transmission port on the first coupling cavity or the second coupling cavity form an E-bend waveguide, which can change the transmission direction of the signal, so that the four waveguide radiating sub-units can form signals in the same direction.

With reference to the first aspect, in a possible implementation manner of the first aspect, a distance between two adjacent waveguide radiating subunits is 0.7-0.9 times wavelength.

In a second aspect, an embodiment of the present application provides a communication device, including the dual-polarized open waveguide array antenna described in the first aspect or any possible implementation manner of the first aspect.

It is understood that the beneficial effects of the second aspect can be referred to the related description of the first aspect, and are not described herein again.

Drawings

In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application, the drawings needed to be used in the embodiments or the prior art descriptions will be briefly described below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present application, and it is obvious for those skilled in the art to obtain other drawings based on these drawings without inventive exercise.

FIG. 1 is a communication schematic diagram of a satellite communication link provided by an embodiment of the present application;

fig. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a conventional orthomode coupler provided in an embodiment of the present application;

fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of a three-dimensional structure of an antenna unit in a dual-polarized split waveguide array antenna provided in an embodiment of the present application;

fig. 4 is a top view of an antenna element in the dual polarized open waveguide array antenna shown in fig. 3;

fig. 5 is a schematic three-dimensional structure diagram of a waveguide radiating element provided in an embodiment of the present application;

FIG. 6 is a top view of the waveguide radiating element shown in FIG. 5;

FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram of a three-dimensional structure of a waveguide functional molecular unit provided in an embodiment of the present application;

FIG. 8 is a top view of the waveguide work molecule unit shown in FIG. 7;

fig. 9 is a schematic diagram of a waveguide work molecule unit connected to a waveguide orthomode coupler according to an embodiment of the present application.

Detailed Description

In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present application more apparent, the present application is described in further detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the present application and are not intended to limit the present application.

In a satellite communication system, a satellite communication link typically includes an originating earth station, an uplink, a satellite, a downlink, and a terminating earth station, and fig. 1 shows a schematic diagram of a satellite communication link. As shown in fig. 1, in the satellite communication link, the satellite serves as a repeater for forwarding the signal transmitted from the originating earth station to the terminating earth station, thereby realizing communication between the originating earth station and the terminating earth station.

However, for example, when two satellites a and B in the satellite communication system are close to each other and the operating frequency and the coverage area overlap each other, a main lobe or a side lobe beam transmitted by an antenna of an originating earth station in a satellite communication link to which a belongs will interfere with the satellite communication link to which B belongs, resulting in degradation of the overall performance of the satellite communication link to which B belongs; similarly, the mainlobe or sidelobe beam transmitted by the antenna of the originating earth station in the satellite communication link to which B belongs also interferes with the satellite communication link to which a belongs, and the overall performance of the satellite communication link to which a belongs is deteriorated.

In addition, in the satellite communication link to which a belongs, when the receiving end earth station antenna beam is wide, the same-frequency downlink signal transmitted by the B satellite can be received, which causes the receiving performance of the receiving end earth station in the satellite communication link to which a belongs to be deteriorated; similarly, in the satellite communication link to which B belongs, when the receiving end earth station antenna beam is wide, the same-frequency downlink signal transmitted by the a satellite is also received, which causes the receiving performance of the receiving end earth station in the satellite communication link to which B belongs to be deteriorated. The interference between the two adjacent satellite systems belongs to the problem of adjacent satellite interference.

In the above-mentioned adjacent satellite interference problem, the degree of influence of the interference is mainly related to the earth station antenna pattern. Ideally, the antenna pattern has only one main lobe beam and no other side lobe beams, because the side lobe beams spread the energy and attenuate more, but in practice only one main lobe beam is not possible. When the antenna emits signals outwards, besides the main lobe beam, a plurality of side lobe beams are not generated, and for the array antenna, one or more side lobe beam gains are not greatly different from the main lobe beam gain, or the gain is higher, in the side lobe beams of the antenna, and the beams are called grating lobes. Because the difference between the grating lobe gain and the main lobe gain is not large, the grating lobe can not spread energy and can generate serious adjacent satellite interference problem.

It should be noted that the array antenna refers to an antenna composed of two or more single antennas arranged in a certain space, the main lobe beam refers to the maximum radiation beam on the antenna pattern, and the small beam beside the main lobe is called a side lobe. The so-called grating lobes are caused by improper spacing arrangement between antennas in the array antenna, resulting in superposition in other directions than the main lobe due to the same phase of the field strength, thereby forming a beam of equal amplitude to the main lobe.

The existing array antenna for satellite communication comprises an open waveguide and an orthogonal mode coupler, the distance between antennas is about 1.7 times of wavelength, the grating lobe of the array antenna arranged at the distance is very high, therefore, a metal cross frame is usually added on the open waveguide, and the grating lobe problem is solved by dividing one open waveguide into four small open waveguides, although the method makes the energy of the open waveguide aperture more uniform and restrains the grating lobe to a certain degree, the structure still easily generates the grating lobe, and the gain of the grating lobe beam is still high and is only about-20 dB relative to the gain of the main lobe beam.

For example, as shown in fig. 2, the array antenna includes an open waveguide and an orthogonal mode coupler, a metal cross frame is added on the open waveguide, the orthogonal mode coupler includes two independent coupling cavities respectively disposed on two sidewalls of the open waveguide, and the orthogonal mode coupler transmits two signals to the open waveguide based on that the two coupling cavities are both connected to the open waveguide, so that coaxial linearly polarized or circularly polarized signals can be synthesized and then radiated.

Therefore, it is necessary to design an array antenna, which can effectively solve the problem of too high grating lobe gain, so as to solve the problem of interference of grating lobes to adjacent satellites.

In order to solve the problem that the grating lobe gain is too high to interfere with the adjacent satellite, embodiments of the present application provide a dual-polarized open waveguide array antenna, because the projection of each waveguide orthogonal mode coupler on the first plane is located within the projection range of the open waveguide on the first plane, so that the distance between the open waveguides can be reduced as much as possible, that is, the structure of the array antenna unit can be made compact, thereby reducing the generation of the grating lobe and further reducing the interference of the grating lobe on the adjacent satellite.

The dual-polarized open waveguide array antenna provided by the present application is described below with reference to specific examples.

Fig. 3 is a schematic diagram illustrating a three-dimensional structure of an antenna unit in a dual-polarized open waveguide array antenna according to an embodiment of the present application, and fig. 4 is a top view of the antenna unit in the dual-polarized open waveguide array antenna illustrated in fig. 3, which will be described in detail below.

The application provides a dual-polarized open waveguide array antenna which can be applied to an earth station of a satellite communication link shown in fig. 2. The dual-polarized open waveguide array antenna comprises a plurality of antenna units 1 arranged in an array on a first plane, as shown in fig. 3 and 4, the antenna units 1 comprise: 4 waveguide radiating subunits 10 and 2 waveguide power splitting subunits 20.

The 4 waveguide radiating subunits 10 are arranged in a2 × 2 array on a first plane, each waveguide radiating subunit 10 is composed of an open waveguide 11 and a waveguide orthogonal mode coupler 12 which are arranged along a first direction, and the projection of the waveguide orthogonal mode coupler 12 on the first plane is located in the range of the projection of the open waveguide 11 on the first plane; the first direction is perpendicular to the first plane.

The 2 waveguide power sub-units 20 are arranged along the first direction, and each waveguide power sub-unit 20 is connected with the waveguide orthogonal mode coupler 12 in each of the 4 waveguide radiating sub-units 10.

For example, as shown in fig. 3, if the first plane is a horizontal plane XOY, the first direction perpendicular to the first plane refers to a Z-axis direction. For each antenna element, 4 waveguide radiating subunits 10 are arranged in a2 × 2 array on the horizontal plane, so that the open waveguides 11 constituting each waveguide radiating subunit 10 are also arranged in a2 × 2 array on the horizontal plane, and the waveguide orthogonal mode couplers 12 are also arranged in a2 × 2 array on the horizontal plane.

For each waveguide radiation unit, the projection of the waveguide orthomode coupler 12 on the first plane is located in the range of the projection of the open waveguide 11 on the first plane, which means that the dimension of the waveguide orthomode coupler 12 parallel to the first plane is smaller than the dimension of the open waveguide 11 parallel to the first plane, and if the open waveguide 11 and the waveguide orthomode coupler 12 have the same central axis in the Z-axis direction, the waveguide orthomode coupler 12 will be located right below the open waveguide 11.

It is because the waveguide orthomode coupler 12 is located right below the open waveguide 11 and the projection range of the waveguide orthomode coupler 12 on the first plane is small, so that the spacing between the waveguide radiating subunits 10 is no longer limited by the size of the waveguide orthomode coupler 12. At this time, the main influence factor of the distance between every two 4 waveguide radiating subunits 10 is the distance between the open waveguides 11, and the distance between the open waveguides 11 can be reduced as much as required, so that the generation of grating lobes can be reduced, and the interference of the grating lobes on adjacent stars can be reduced. In addition to this, since the structure of the antenna unit 1 becomes compact, the material cost of the antenna unit 1 can be reduced.

On the basis of the above, if the first direction is the Z-axis direction, the 2 waveguide power splitting sub-units 20 are arranged along the Z-axis direction, wherein the positions of the 2 waveguide power splitting sub-units 20 may be interchanged.

It should be noted that one waveguide power splitting unit 20 is connected to the waveguide orthogonal mode couplers 12 in the 4 waveguide radiation sub-units 10, so that one waveguide power splitting unit 20 can transmit one path of polarization signal to the 4 waveguide orthogonal mode couplers 12, and 2 waveguide power splitting units 20 can respectively transmit two paths of polarization signals to the 4 waveguide orthogonal mode couplers 12. Then, for each waveguide orthomode coupler 12, two signals transmitted by 2 waveguide power splitter units 20, for example, a horizontally polarized signal and a vertically polarized signal, may be combined into a coaxial linearly polarized or circularly polarized signal, and then radiated through the open waveguide 11.

On the contrary, the open waveguide 11 may also receive linearly polarized or circularly polarized signals, so that the waveguide orthogonal mode coupler 12 may separate horizontally polarized signals and vertically polarized signals, and transmit the two polarized signals to different waveguide power splitter units 20, respectively.

The embodiment of the application provides a dual-polarized open waveguide array antenna, which comprises 4 waveguide radiating sub-units 10 and 2 waveguide power dividing sub-units 20; the 4 waveguide radiating subunits 10 are arranged in a2 × 2 array on the first plane, each waveguide radiating subunit 10 is composed of an open waveguide 11 and a waveguide orthogonal mode coupler 12 which are arranged along the first direction, and because the projection of the waveguide orthogonal mode coupler 12 on the first plane is located in the projection range of the open waveguide 11 on the first plane, the distance between the waveguide radiating subunits 10 can be reduced as much as possible, the structure of the antenna unit 1 can be compact, so that the generation of grating lobes can be reduced, and the interference of the grating lobes on adjacent stars can be reduced.

Alternatively, as a possible implementation manner, fig. 5 shows a schematic three-dimensional structure of a waveguide radiation unit, and fig. 6 is a top view of the waveguide radiation unit shown in fig. 5. As shown in fig. 5 and 6, the open waveguide 11 includes an upper open face and a lower open face, both perpendicular to and opposite to the first direction, and a resonant cavity disposed between the upper open face and the lower open face. The opening of the lower opening surface is in a cross shape.

The upper opening surface and the lower opening surface are both planes having openings. If the first plane is the horizontal plane XOY, both the upper opening surface and the lower opening surface of the open waveguide 11 are parallel to the horizontal plane XOY, and the upper opening surface and the lower opening surface are disposed opposite to each other.

In addition, the shape of going up open face, lower open face can be square, hexagon, octagon or four angles are the square of fillet etc. this application does not carry out special restriction to this. On this basis, the opening on the upper opening surface may be one of square, circular, and the like, and this is not particularly limited in this application. The opening of the lower opening surface is in a cross shape, namely the lower opening surface is provided with two rectangular openings which are vertically crossed to form the cross shape.

If the upper opening surface and the lower opening surface are square and have the same size, the resonant cavity is cuboid or cube, and the height of the resonant cavity, namely the vertical distance along the first direction, is 0.15-0.3 times of wavelength. When the opening on the upper opening surface is square, the side length of the square can be 0.7-0.9 times of the wavelength, and in addition, the size of the opening on the upper opening surface can be the same as that of the upper opening surface, and in this case, the upper opening surface is completely open. And when the opening of the upper opening surface is circular, the diameter of the circle can be set to be 0.6-0.8 times of the wavelength.

Based on this, each open waveguide 11 can receive a signal from the cross-shaped opening of the lower open face and then radiate from the upper open face; alternatively, each open waveguide 11 may receive signals from the upper open face and transmit them to the waveguide orthogonal mode coupler 12 from the cross-shaped opening of the lower open face.

Alternatively, as a possible implementation manner, as shown in fig. 3, 5 and 6, the waveguide orthogonal mode coupler 12 is an integral structure formed by intersecting 2 coupling cavities, and the projection of the 2 coupling cavities on the first plane is in a cross shape. The 2 coupling cavities in the waveguide orthogonal mode coupler 12 are provided with a common port at one side close to the open waveguide 11, and the common port is connected with the opening of the lower opening surface of the open waveguide 11.

It should be noted that the waveguide orthogonal mode coupler 12 is formed by intersecting 2 coupling cavities, and the projections of the 2 coupling cavities on the first plane are in a cross shape, so that it is indicated that the 2 coupling cavities are vertically intersected, the intersected portions are communicated with each other, and it is also indicated that the projections of the 2 coupling cavities on the first plane are intersected at the central position and the sizes of the projections of the 2 coupling cavities are the same.

Based on this, the waveguide orthogonal mode coupler 12 is provided with a common port on the side close to the open waveguide 11, which means that the heights of the 2 coupling cavities on the side close to the open waveguide 11 are in the same plane and are flush. The common port formed by the 2 coupling cavities is cross-shaped and is connected with the opening of the lower opening surface of the opening waveguide 11, which shows that the size of the common port is the same as the size and the position of the opening of the lower opening surface, therefore, the waveguide orthogonal mode coupler 12 provided with the cross-shaped common port can be directly combined and connected with the opening waveguide 11 without adding a transition section, and the structure of the antenna unit 1 is compact.

Wherein it is understood that the two mutually perpendicular rectangular ports forming the cross-shaped common port belong to 2 different coupling cavities, respectively. When the size of the rectangular port in each coupling cavity is the same as the projected size of the coupling cavity on the first plane, it means that the side of the coupling cavity close to the open waveguide 11 is completely open.

Optionally, as a possible implementation manner, as shown in fig. 5, the 2 coupling cavities in the waveguide orthogonal mode coupler 12 are a first coupling cavity 121 and a second coupling cavity 122, respectively; a first sidewall of the first coupling cavity is provided with a chamfer at a side away from the open waveguide 11, and a second sidewall of the first coupling cavity 121 is provided with a feed transmission port.

Any two of the first sidewall, the second sidewall and the first plane are perpendicular to each other, and the first sidewall and the second sidewall of the first coupling cavity 121 are respectively distributed on two sides of the second coupling cavity 122.

It should be noted that the first coupling cavity is any one of 2 coupling cavities in the waveguide orthogonal mode coupler 12, and the first coupling cavity 121 and the second coupling cavity 122 may be interchanged. The first sidewall and the second sidewall have a certain relative position relationship based on the coupling cavity, and when the coupling cavity indicated by the first coupling cavity 121 is changed, the positions of the first sidewall and the second sidewall are changed accordingly.

Illustratively, if the first plane is the horizontal plane XOY, since the first plane, the first sidewall, and the second sidewall are all perpendicular to each other, the first sidewall is parallel to the plane XOZ, and the second sidewall is parallel to the plane YOZ, or the first sidewall is parallel to the plane YOZ and the second sidewall is parallel to the plane XOZ. Based on this, because the coupling cavity has a plurality of cavity walls parallel to the plane XOZ and the plane YOZ, the positions of the first sidewall and the second sidewall can be set as required as long as the first sidewall and the second sidewall are respectively located at two sides of another coupling cavity.

It should be noted that the shape of the chamfer and the size of the chamfer may be set as required, and the present application is not particularly limited thereto. Illustratively, as shown in fig. 3 and 5, in the two coupling cavities of the waveguide orthomode coupling cavity provided in the embodiment of the present application, the first sidewall of each coupling cavity is provided with a right-angle chamfer on the side away from the open waveguide 11, but the two right angles have different sizes.

The side of the first sidewall far from the open waveguide 11 is provided with a chamfer, which means that when the open waveguide 11 is on top and the waveguide orthogonal mode coupler 12 is under along the first direction, the side of the first sidewall of the coupling cavity near the bottom is provided with a chamfer, which enables the coupling cavity to form an H-plane curved waveguide, and realizes adjustment of the propagation direction of the signal, so that the signal can propagate along the negative direction of the first direction.

In addition, the waveguide orthogonal mode coupler 12 provided with the feed transmission port can be directly combined and connected with the waveguide power distribution subunit 20, and a transition section does not need to be added. Moreover, since electromagnetic wave signals of TE10 mode are transmitted, such signals can be transmitted only inside the rectangular waveguide, and thus, the feed transmission ports are all configured to be rectangular.

Illustratively, the first plane is a horizontal plane XOY, and in conjunction with (a) in fig. 6, if the coupling cavity whose projection on the first plane is parallel to the X direction is the first coupling cavity 121, the coupling cavity whose projection on the first plane is parallel to the Y direction is the second coupling cavity 122.

For the first coupling cavity 121, since any two of the first side wall, the second side wall and the first plane are perpendicular to each other, the first side wall is parallel to the YOZ plane, the second side wall is parallel to the XOZ plane, and the first side wall and the second side wall are respectively distributed at two sides of the second coupling cavity 122, based on this, if the first side wall is a plane parallel to the YOZ (such as the area indicated by a1 in (a) in fig. 6), the second side wall is an area indicated by a plane parallel to the XOZ (such as a2 or a3 in (a) in fig. 6), and at this time, a rectangular feed transmission port is provided on the second side wall.

Referring to fig. 6 (b), if the coupling cavity whose projection on the first plane is parallel to the Y direction is the first coupling cavity 121, the coupling cavity whose projection on the first plane is parallel to the X direction is the second coupling cavity 122.

For the first coupling cavity 121, since any two of the first side wall, the second side wall and the first plane are perpendicular to each other, the first side wall is parallel to the XOZ plane, the second side wall is parallel to the YOZ plane, and the first side wall and the second side wall are respectively distributed at two sides of the second coupling cavity 122, based on this, if the first side wall is a plane parallel to the XOZ (as an area indicated by b1 in (b) of fig. 6), the second side wall is a plane parallel to the YOZ (as an area indicated by b2 or b3 in (b) of fig. 6), at this time, a rectangular feed transmission port is disposed on the second side wall.

Alternatively, as a possible implementation manner, fig. 7 illustrates a three-dimensional structure schematic diagram of a waveguide functional molecular unit, and fig. 8 is a top view of the waveguide functional molecular unit illustrated in fig. 7. As shown in fig. 7 and 8, each waveguide power divider unit 20 includes 1 primary power divider 21 and 2 secondary power dividers 22. Wherein, 2 two-stage power dividers 22 are arranged oppositely and connected through one-stage power divider 21.

It can be understood that, the two waveguide power splitter sub-units 20 in the dual-polarization open waveguide array antenna have the same structure, and are each composed of 3 power splitters, and the structure of each power splitter in the 3 power splitters may be set as required, so as to form an integral power splitter network, and when the waveguide power splitter sub-units 20 are connected to the waveguide radiation sub-units 10, signals may be distributed to each waveguide radiation sub-unit 10 for radiation, or signals transmitted by each waveguide radiation sub-unit 10 are received and then synthesized into one path of signal.

Optionally, as shown in fig. 7 (a), fig. 7 (b), and fig. 8, the first-stage power divider 21 and the second-stage power divider 22 are both ET power dividers. The ET power divider comprises 1 input port and 2 output ports; 2 input ports of the 2 secondary power dividers 22 are respectively connected with 2 output ports of the primary power divider 21.

The ET power divider is an E-plane waveguide T-type power divider, and the E-plane is a directional diagram tangential plane parallel to the electric field direction. The T-shaped structure means that the three ports of the power divider form a T-shaped structure on the same plane. A Power divider (Power divider) is a device that divides one input signal energy into two or more paths to output equal or unequal energy, and may also combine multiple signal energy into one output, which may also be referred to as a combiner. Certain isolation degree should be guaranteed between output ports of one power divider. Here, the ET power divider is a one-to-two power divider that divides one input signal into two outputs.

With reference to fig. 7 and 8, since the 3 power dividers are ET power dividers, they are distributed on the same plane. Based on this, when 2 input ports of the 2 secondary power dividers 22 are respectively connected to 2 output ports of the primary power divider, the primary power divider 21 divides a signal input from the input ports into two paths of signals, and then outputs the two paths of signals to the 2 secondary power dividers 22, and then each secondary power divider 22 divides the received signal into two paths of signals, so that the waveguide power divider unit 20 formed by the 3 power dividers can achieve the function of a one-to-four power divider, and can divide one path of signal into four paths of signals, or can synthesize the four paths of signals into one path of signal.

Optionally, fig. 9 shows a schematic structural diagram of a waveguide power splitter unit connected to a waveguide orthogonal mode coupler. The 4 output ports of the 2 secondary power dividers 22 in one waveguide power splitting unit 20 are respectively connected to the feed transmission port on the first coupling cavity 121 in each waveguide radiating sub-unit 10, and the 4 output ports of the 2 secondary power dividers in the other waveguide power splitting unit 20 are respectively connected to the feed transmission port on the second coupling cavity 122 in each waveguide radiating sub-unit 10.

It should be noted that one waveguide power molecular unit 20 refers to any one of the two waveguide power molecular units 20. If the 2 waveguide power splitting units 20 are the first waveguide power splitting unit and the second waveguide power splitting unit, respectively, the first waveguide power splitting unit and the second waveguide power splitting unit may be interchanged. Based on this, the coupling cavities of the waveguide radiating sub-units 10 connected to the 2 waveguide power splitting sub-units are different, and since the projections of the 2 coupling cavities on the first plane are perpendicular to each other, the projections of the 2 waveguide power splitting sub-units connected to the coupling cavities on the first plane are also perpendicular to each other.

For example, if the first direction is a Z-axis direction, along the Z-axis direction, it is assumed that the upper waveguide power molecular unit is a first waveguide power molecular unit, and the lower waveguide power molecular unit is a second waveguide power molecular unit.

As shown in fig. 9 (a), if the first plane is the horizontal plane XOY, the coupling cavity projected on the first plane parallel to the X direction is the first coupling cavity 121, and the coupling cavity parallel to the Y direction is the second coupling cavity 122. The 4 output ports of the 2 secondary power splitters 22 in the first waveguide power splitting sub-unit are respectively connected to the feed transmission port on the first coupling cavity 121 in each waveguide radiating sub-unit 10. As shown in fig. 9 (b), the 4 output ports of the 2 secondary power dividers 22 in the second waveguide power sub-unit are respectively connected to the feed transmission ports on the second coupling cavities 122 in each waveguide radiating sub-unit 10.

On this basis, the vector direction of the electric field is indicated by the arrow direction, as shown in (a) of fig. 9, the direction of the electric field at the input port of the first-stage power divider 21 is toward the negative direction of the X axis for example, after the first-stage power divider 21 divides the electric field into two signals, the electric field at the output port P1 is toward the positive direction of the Y axis, and the electric field at the output port P2 is toward the negative direction of the Y axis; then, the upper secondary power divider 22 divides the received signal into two paths, at this time, the electric field at the output port P11 faces the negative direction of the X axis, and after being coupled by the E-bend waveguide formed by the feed transmission port of the first coupling cavity 121 of the waveguide radiating subunit 10 at the upper left corner, the electric field faces the negative direction of the Y axis; meanwhile, the electric field at the output port P12 is in the positive direction of the X axis, and after coupling through the E-bend waveguide formed by the feed transmission port of the first coupling cavity 121 of the waveguide radiating subunit 10 at the upper right corner, the electric field is in the negative direction of the Y axis.

Similarly, the lower secondary power divider 22 divides the received signal into two paths, and at this time, the electric field at the output port P21 faces the negative direction of the X axis, and after being coupled by the E-bend waveguide formed by the feed transmission port of the first coupling cavity 121 of the waveguide radiating subunit 10 at the lower left corner, the electric field faces the negative direction of the Y axis; meanwhile, the electric field at the output port P22 is in the positive direction of the X axis, and after coupling through the E-bend waveguide formed by the feed transmission port of the first coupling cavity 121 of the waveguide radiating subunit 10 at the lower right corner, the electric field is in the negative direction of the Y axis.

The vector direction of the electric field is indicated by the arrow direction, as shown in (b) of fig. 9, the electric field direction at the input port of the first-stage power divider 21 is towards the Y-axis negative direction for example, after the first-stage power divider 21 divides the two signals, the electric field at the output port P3 is towards the X-axis positive direction, and the electric field at the output port P4 is towards the X-axis negative direction; then, the left secondary power divider 22 divides the received signal into two paths, at this time, the electric field at the output port P31 is in the negative Y-axis direction, and after being coupled by the E-bend waveguide formed by the feed transmission port of the second coupling cavity 122 of the waveguide radiating subunit 10 at the upper left corner, the electric field direction is changed into the negative X-axis direction; meanwhile, the electric field at the output port P32 is in the positive direction of the Y axis, and after the electric field is coupled by the E-bend waveguide formed by the feed transmission port of the second coupling cavity 122 of the waveguide radiating subunit 10 at the lower left corner, the electric field is in the negative direction of the X axis.

Similarly, the right secondary power divider 22 divides the received signal into two paths, at this time, the electric field at the output port P41 faces the Y-axis negative direction, and after being coupled by the E-bend waveguide formed by the feed transmission port of the second coupling cavity 122 of the waveguide radiating subunit 10 at the upper right corner, the electric field faces the X-axis negative direction; meanwhile, the electric field at the output port P42 is in the positive direction of the Y axis, and after the electric field is coupled by the E-bend waveguide formed by the feed transmission port of the second coupling cavity of the waveguide radiating subunit 10 at the lower right corner, the electric field is in the negative direction of the X axis.

Therefore, two signals with electric field directions respectively facing to the X-axis negative direction and the Y-axis negative direction are formed for 2 feed transmission ports on each waveguide radiating subunit 10, and then, after being coupled by the first coupling cavity 121 and the second coupling cavity 122 in each waveguide radiating subunit 10, a linear polarization or circular polarization signal with an electric field direction being the Z-axis negative direction and coaxial is formed.

Optionally, as a possible implementation manner, the distance between two adjacent waveguide radiating subunits 10 is 0.7-0.9 times of the wavelength.

Based on the structure of the waveguide orthogonal mode coupler 12 provided by the embodiment of the present application, the distance between the waveguide radiation subunits 10 can be reduced as much as possible, so that when the distance between two adjacent waveguide radiation subunits 10 is 0.7-0.9 times the wavelength, that is, the distance between two adjacent open waveguides 11 is 0.7-0.9 times the wavelength, the generation of grating lobes can be effectively suppressed.

Optionally, as a possible implementation manner, the open waveguide, the waveguide orthogonal mode coupler, and the waveguide work molecule unit all adopt thin-walled structures. And the open waveguide, the waveguide orthogonal mode coupler and the waveguide power molecular unit are all made of metal materials.

The open waveguide and the waveguide orthogonal mode coupler are both of thin-wall structures, so that the center distance between the open waveguides can be reduced to the maximum extent, and the weight of the antenna unit is reduced.

The embodiment of the application provides a communication device, which comprises the dual-polarized open waveguide array antenna.

In the embodiments of the present application, unless otherwise specified or conflicting with respect to logic, the terms and/or descriptions in different embodiments have consistency and may be mutually cited, and technical features in different embodiments may be combined to form a new embodiment according to their inherent logic relationship.

The above-mentioned embodiments are only used for illustrating the technical solutions of the present application, and not for limiting the same; although the present application has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, it should be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art that: the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments may still be modified, or some technical features may be equivalently replaced; such modifications and substitutions do not substantially depart from the spirit and scope of the embodiments of the present application and are intended to be included within the scope of the present application.