阅读说明：本技术 矿区坡面生态自修复促进方法和装置 (Mining area slope ecological self-repairing promotion method and device ) 是由 刘祥宏 王宏 黄占斌 陈永福 丁鑫品 孙家恺 张会军 温馨 郭孝理 陈大野 李磊 于 2020-08-01 设计创作，主要内容包括：本申请提出一种矿区坡面生态自修复促进方法和装置,该矿区坡面生态自修复促进方法包括对矿区坡面上按照一定面积比例分散式分布的至少一个目标位置进行土壤基质改良处理；在改良处理后目标位置的土壤中构建一个本杰士堆,并在本杰士堆之中播种种子和栽植苗木,以形成种子岛；对种子岛对应的坡面进行截留处理,以促进矿区坡面生态自修复。通过本申请能够实现对矿区坡面全面的生态自修复促进,有效解决了矿区坡面绿化的种子来源及坡面截留等方面存在的技术问题,并且有效地降低了生态自修复促进的经济成本,提升了方法的适用范围。(The application provides a mining area slope ecological self-repairing promotion method and a device, and the mining area slope ecological self-repairing promotion method comprises the steps of carrying out soil matrix improvement treatment on at least one target position distributed on a mining area slope in a distributed mode according to a certain area proportion; constructing a Bengeshi pile in the soil of the improved target position, and sowing seeds and planting seedlings in the Bengeshi pile to form a seed island; and intercepting the slope surface corresponding to the seed island to promote ecological self-repairing of the slope surface of the mining area. Through the method and the device, comprehensive ecological self-repairing promotion of the slope surface of the mining area can be realized, the technical problems in the aspects of seed source, slope surface interception and the like of slope surface greening of the mining area are effectively solved, the economic cost for promoting ecological self-repairing is effectively reduced, and the application range of the method is widened.)

1. A mining area slope ecological self-repairing promotion method is characterized by comprising the following steps:

carrying out soil matrix improvement treatment on at least one target position distributed on the slope of the mining area in a distributed manner according to a certain area proportion;

constructing a Bengeshi pile in the soil of the improved target position, and sowing seeds and planting seedlings in the Bengeshi pile to form a seed island;

and intercepting the slope surface corresponding to the seed island to promote ecological self-repairing of the slope surface of the mining area.

2. The method of claim 1, wherein a plurality of said target locations are distributed at intervals of from 100 square meters to 300 square meters.

3. The method of claim 1, wherein the step of applying a soil matrix improvement treatment to at least one target location distributed on the slope of the mine area in an area ratio comprises:

mixing the soil with the first quality, the biochar with the second quality and the fungi with the third quality and/or the fertilizer with the fourth quality to improve the soil matrix of the target position of the slope of the mining area; the ratio of the second mass to the first mass is 5-20%, the ratio of the third mass to the first mass is 1%, and the ratio of the fourth mass to the first mass is less than or equal to 10%.

4. The method of claim 1, wherein said constructing a bengerbil pile in soil at a target location after conditioning and planting seeds and planting seedlings within said bengerbil pile to form seed islands comprises:

excavating a pit in a soil improvement area of a target position after improvement treatment, wherein the depth of the pit is 20-50 cm, and the diameter of the pit is 40-100 cm;

mixing the excavated soil with the waste substances in the mining area to obtain a mixed substance; and

and filling the pit holes with the mixed substance, sowing seeds in the filled pit holes, and planting nursery stocks to form the seed island.

5. The method of claim 1, wherein the intercepting the slope corresponding to the seed island comprises:

arranging slope surface micro scale pits on a slope surface corresponding to the seed island; and/or the presence of a gas in the gas,

arranging slope sand barriers on the slope surface corresponding to the seed island; and/or the presence of a gas in the gas,

and spraying a curing agent solution on the slope surface corresponding to the seed island, so as to intercept the slope surface corresponding to the seed island.

6. The method of claim 5, wherein said laying dome mini fish scale pits comprises:

and laying the slope surface micro fish scale pits with the density of 0.2 to 1 per square meter, the depth of 2 to 5 centimeters and the radius of 2 to 5 centimeters.

7. The method of claim 5, wherein the step of arranging slope sand barriers on the slope corresponding to the seed island comprises the following steps:

and inserting the straws into the slope in a mode of continuous arrangement, cluster arrangement and/or segment dispersion arrangement along contour lines, and enabling the exposed height of the surface of the inserted straws to be greater than or equal to 3cm so as to form the slope sand barrier.

8. The method of claim 5, wherein spraying a curing agent solution on the slope corresponding to the seed island comprises:

when the slope surface of the mining area contains spoil, spraying 0.5-2% ionic curing agent solution on the ridge of the sloping surface miniature fish scale pit;

when the slope surface of the mining area does not contain spoil, the ionic curing agent solution with the concentration of 0.5-2% is sprayed on the ridge and the bottom of the sloping surface miniature fish scale pit.

9. A mining area slope ecological self-repairing promotion device is characterized in that the device comprises:

the processing module is used for carrying out soil matrix improvement processing on at least one target position distributed on the slope of the mining area in a distributed manner according to a certain area proportion;

the construction module is used for constructing a Bengeshi pile in the soil of the improved target position, and sowing seeds and planting seedlings in the Bengeshi pile to form a seed island;

and the interception processing module is used for intercepting the slope surface corresponding to the seed island so as to promote ecological self-repairing of the slope surface of the mining area.

10. The mining area slope ecological self-repair promotion device of claim 9, wherein the construction module is specifically configured to:

excavating a pit in a soil improvement area of a target position after improvement treatment, wherein the depth of the pit is 20-50 cm, and the diameter of the pit is 40-100 cm;

mixing the excavated soil with the waste substances in the mining area to obtain a mixed substance; and

and filling the pit holes with the mixed substance, sowing seeds in the filled pit holes, and planting nursery stocks to form the seed island.

Technical Field

The application relates to the technical field of ecological greening, in particular to a mining area slope ecological self-repairing promoting method and device.

Background

Ecological self-recovery is a relatively economic ecological restoration measure. In the general plan of major projects for protecting and repairing national important ecosystems (2021-2035), it is proposed to improve the ecosystems and fully exert the self-repairing ability of the nature. The law and the characteristics of ecological natural restoration are mastered, and proper human intervention is carried out at the key time point of ecological restoration, so that the forward succession of an ecological system is promoted, the ecological restoration process can be accelerated, and the ecological restoration benefit is improved. The enclosure cultivation, the air seeding and the like are common ecological self-repairing and self-repairing promoting technical measures.

Natural restoration in a mining area under severe environmental conditions is extremely difficult, ecological reconstruction is promoted by applying artificial measures generally, and the artificial restoration measures are difficult to popularize in a large area due to adverse factors such as lack of soil matrix in the mining area, high engineering cost and the like.

Disclosure of Invention

The present application is directed to solving, at least to some extent, one of the technical problems in the related art.

Therefore, the application aims to provide a mining area slope ecological self-repairing promotion method and device, which can promote comprehensive ecological self-repairing of a mining area slope, effectively solve the technical problems in the aspects of seed source, slope interception and the like of mining area slope greening, effectively reduce the economic cost of ecological self-repairing promotion and improve the application range of the method.

In order to achieve the above object, an ecological self-repairing promotion method for a slope surface of a mining area provided in an embodiment of the first aspect of the present application includes: carrying out soil matrix improvement treatment on at least one target position distributed on the slope of the mining area in a distributed manner according to a certain area proportion; constructing a Bengeshi pile in the soil of the improved target position, and sowing seeds and planting seedlings in the Bengeshi pile to form a seed island; and intercepting the slope surface corresponding to the seed island to promote ecological self-repairing of the slope surface of the mining area.

The method for promoting ecological self-repairing of the slope in the mining area provided by the embodiment of the first aspect of the application comprises the steps of carrying out soil matrix improvement treatment on at least one target position distributed on the slope in the mining area in a distributed manner according to a certain area proportion, constructing a Janus heap in the soil of the target position after improvement treatment, sowing seeds and planting seedlings in the Janus heap to form a seed island, and carrying out interception treatment on the slope corresponding to the seed island to promote ecological self-repairing of the slope in the mining area, wherein the soil matrix improvement, the construction of the Janus heap and mixed planting of various homeland tolerant plants are carried out on the target position of the slope in the mining area to create a seed island with ecological natural recovery, and the slope corresponding to the seed island is intercepted to improve the roughness of the slope in the mining area, so that the self-repairing capability of the plant seed slope is effectively enhanced, and comprehensive ecological promotion on the slope in the mining area can be realized, the technical problems of seed source, slope surface interception and the like in slope surface greening of the mining area are effectively solved, the economic cost for promoting ecological self-repairing is effectively reduced, and the application range of the method is widened.

In order to achieve the above object, an ecological self-repairing promotion device for a slope surface of a mining area provided in an embodiment of the second aspect of the present application includes: the processing module is used for carrying out soil matrix improvement processing on at least one target position distributed on the slope of the mining area in a distributed manner according to a certain area proportion; the construction module is used for constructing a Bengeshi pile in the soil of the improved target position, and sowing seeds and planting seedlings in the Bengeshi pile to form a seed island; and the interception processing module is used for intercepting the slope surface corresponding to the seed island so as to promote ecological self-repairing of the slope surface of the mining area.

The device for promoting ecological self-repairing of the slope of the mining area provided by the embodiment of the second aspect of the application carries out soil matrix improvement treatment on at least one target position distributed on the slope of the mining area in a distributed manner according to a certain area proportion, constructs a Janus pile in the soil of the target position after improvement treatment, seeds and planted seedlings are sown in the Janus pile to form a seed island, and carries out interception treatment on the slope corresponding to the seed island to promote ecological self-repairing of the slope of the mining area, because the soil matrix improvement, the construction of the Janus pile and the mixed planting of various country soil resistant plants are carried out on the target position of the slope of the mining area, the seed island with ecological natural recovery is created, and the slope corresponding to the seed island is intercepted to improve the roughness of the slope of the mining area, thereby effectively enhancing the self-repairing capability of the plant seed slope, and realizing comprehensive ecological promotion on the slope of the mining area, the technical problems of seed source, slope surface interception and the like in slope surface greening of the mining area are effectively solved, the economic cost for promoting ecological self-repairing is effectively reduced, and the application range of the method is widened.

Additional aspects and advantages of the present application will be set forth in part in the description which follows and, in part, will be obvious from the description, or may be learned by practice of the present application.

Drawings

The foregoing and/or additional aspects and advantages of the present application will become apparent and readily appreciated from the following description of the embodiments, taken in conjunction with the accompanying drawings of which:

fig. 1 is a schematic flow chart of a method for promoting ecological self-repair of a slope surface of a mining area according to an embodiment of the present application;

fig. 2 is a schematic flow chart of a method for promoting ecological self-repairing of a slope surface of a mining area according to another embodiment of the present application;

fig. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of a mining area slope ecological self-repair promoting device according to an embodiment of the present application.

Detailed Description

Reference will now be made in detail to embodiments of the present application, examples of which are illustrated in the accompanying drawings, wherein like or similar reference numerals refer to the same or similar elements or elements having the same or similar function throughout. The embodiments described below with reference to the drawings are exemplary only for the purpose of explaining the present application and are not to be construed as limiting the present application. On the contrary, the embodiments of the application include all changes, modifications and equivalents coming within the spirit and terms of the claims appended hereto.

Fig. 1 is a schematic flow chart of a mining area slope ecological self-repair promotion method provided in an embodiment of the present application.

The method for promoting self-repairing of ecology of a slope in a mining area is configured as a device for promoting self-repairing of ecology of a slope in a mining area, or the method for promoting self-repairing of ecology of a slope in a mining area may be configured in any other hardware device capable of realizing the method for promoting self-repairing of ecology of a slope in a mining area, which is not limited to this.

In the embodiment of the application, soil matrix improvement, construction of the Benjieshi pile and mixed planting of various indigenous tolerant plants are carried out on the slope of a mining area, a seed island for ecological natural recovery is created, and interception treatment is carried out on the slope corresponding to the seed island to improve the roughness of the slope of the mining area, so that the settlement capacity of the plant seed slope is effectively enhanced.

Referring to fig. 1, the method includes:

s101: and carrying out soil matrix improvement treatment on at least one target position distributed on the slope of the mining area in a distributed manner according to a certain area proportion.

The soil matrix improvement treatment may include, for example, applying biochar, organic fertilizer, fungi, etc., and mixing with local surface soil or alien soil to form a planting matrix having good water and fertilizer properties and physical structure.

Optionally, soil matrix improvement treatment is carried out on the soil on the slope of the mining area, and the soil of the first quality, the biological carbon of the second quality and the fungi of the third quality and/or the fertilizer of the fourth quality are added and mixed to carry out soil matrix improvement treatment on the soil of the target position; the ratio of the second mass to the first mass is 5-20%, the ratio of the third mass to the first mass is 1%, and the ratio of the fourth mass to the first mass is less than or equal to 10%, so that the slow-release fertilizer effect of the biochar, the water retention capacity and the water and fertilizer performance can be effectively guaranteed, and the water and fertilizer performance can be improved.

Of course, the step of soil matrix improvement treatment of the soil at the target location may be performed by any other suitable mass ratio, for example, biochar, organic fertilizer, fungi, etc. in any other suitable mass ratio may be mixed with the local surface soil or the alien soil to form a planting matrix with good water and fertilizer properties and physical structure.

S102: a Bengey pile is constructed in the soil of the target position after the improvement treatment, and seeds and planted seedlings are sown in the Bengey pile to form a seed island.

The step of constructing at least one bengery pile in the soil of the target site after the improvement treatment, referring to fig. 2, and constructing one bengery pile in the soil of the target site after the improvement treatment, and sowing seeds and planting seedlings in the bengery pile to form seed islands, may further include:

s201: digging a pit in the soil improvement area of the target position after the improvement treatment, wherein the depth of the pit is between 20 and 50 centimeters, and the diameter of the pit is between 40 and 100 centimeters.

S202: and mixing the waste substances in the mining area with the excavated soil to obtain a mixed substance.

S203: and filling the pit holes with the mixed substances, sowing seeds in the filled pit holes, and planting nursery stocks to form seed islands.

For example, the "bengery heap" may be constructed by digging a pit with a target depth (between 20 cm and 50 cm) matching the diameter of 40-100 cm), and then blending the pit with the improved soil matrix by using waste stones, dead branches of trees and the like in the mining area to form a form in which the stones and the dead branches are exposed on the surface, and sowing seeds and planting seedlings therein.

Optionally, sowing seeds and planting seedlings in the filled pits can select 2 or more local plants which are properly grown in the mining area, have drought resistance, barren resistance and strong natural seed falling and propagation expanding capability, and are sown or planted in the Benje heap, and the seeds selected in the embodiment of the application can simultaneously comprise 1-year and multi-year herbaceous plants.

Wherein, the target positions are distributed dispersedly in every 100 square meters to 300 square meters.

Therefore, by the embodiment shown in fig. 2, the low-density seed island is constructed on the slope surface of the mining area, the technical problems in the aspects of the greening seed source and slope surface interception of the slope surface of the mining area are solved economically and efficiently, and good conditions are created for ecological self-repairing of the mining area.

S103: and intercepting the slope surface corresponding to the seed island to promote ecological self-repairing of the slope surface of the mining area.

The intercepting treatment of the slope surface corresponding to the seed island is to improve and maintain the roughness of the slope surface, and includes one or more of the arrangement of the slope surface micro scale pits, the arrangement of the slope surface sand barriers and the spraying of the curing agent solution, and the method is not limited.

Optionally, the slope surface corresponding to the seed island is intercepted, and slope surface micro scale pits can be distributed on the slope surface corresponding to the seed island; and/or arranging slope sand barriers on the slope corresponding to the seed island; and/or spraying a curing agent solution on the slope surface corresponding to the seed island, thereby intercepting the slope surface corresponding to the seed island.

In the embodiment of the present application, the term "and/or" describes an association relationship of associated objects, and means that there may be three relationships, for example, a and/or B, which may mean: a exists alone, A and B exist simultaneously, and B exists alone. The character "/" generally indicates that the former and latter associated objects are in an "or" relationship.

For example, the above interception treatment of the slope surface corresponding to the seed island may be performed by disposing a slope surface micro scale pit on the slope surface corresponding to the seed island, so as to intercept the slope surface corresponding to the seed island.

For example, the above interception treatment of the slope surface corresponding to the seed island may be performed by disposing a slope surface sand barrier on the slope surface corresponding to the seed island, so as to intercept the slope surface corresponding to the seed island.

For example, the intercepting treatment of the slope surface corresponding to the seed island may be performed by spraying a curing agent solution on the slope surface corresponding to the seed island, so as to intercept the slope surface corresponding to the seed island.

For example, the intercepting treatment of the slope surface corresponding to the seed island may be performed by laying the slope surface micro scale pits, laying the slope surface sand barriers, and spraying the curing agent solution on the slope surface corresponding to the seed island, so as to intercept the slope surface corresponding to the seed island, which is not limited herein.

That is to say, the embodiment of the application provides multiple implementation modes of intercepting the slope surface corresponding to the seed island, so that the implementation of the mining area slope surface ecological self-repairing promotion method is more flexible, the method can be popularized and applied to the ecological greening restoration of the conventional mining area, the system stability of measures such as conventional soil covering and spray seeding greening is further improved, the method can be popularized and applied to the mining area platform, the subsidence area and other areas, and the comprehensive ecological self-repairing promotion of the mining area is realized.

Optionally, the slope surface micro scale pits are distributed with the density of 0.2 to 1 per square meter, the depth of 2 to 5cm and the radius of 2 to 5 cm.

The miniature fish scale pits are distributed on the slope surface of the mining area and used for intercepting plant seeds, soil matrixes and rainwater to form a plant growth space.

Optionally, slope surface sand barriers are arranged on the slope surface corresponding to the seed island, the straws are inserted into the slope surface in a mode of continuous arrangement along contour lines, and/or cluster arrangement, and/or segment dispersion arrangement, and the surface exposure height of the inserted straws is larger than or equal to 3cm, so as to form the slope surface sand barriers.

And arranging slope sand barriers on the slope surface corresponding to the seed island for intercepting plant seeds and soil matrix.

For example, straws such as straws, corns and wheat are inserted into a slope to form a slope sand barrier, the height of exposed surface is not less than 3cm, the slope sand barrier is formed by one or more of continuous arrangement along a contour line and cluster-shaped and segment-shaped dispersion arrangement, the slope sand barrier can be preferably distributed in cluster-shaped dispersion arrangement in the embodiment of the application, in addition, the slope sand barrier can be independently distributed or distributed at the same position with the fish scale pits, and the limitation is not made.

Optionally, spraying a curing agent solution on the slope corresponding to the seed island, wherein when the slope of the mining area contains spoil, an ionic curing agent solution with the concentration of 0.5-2% is sprayed on the ridge of the sloping miniature fish scale pit; when the slope surface of the mining area does not contain spoil, 0.5-2% of ionic curing agent solution is sprayed on the ridge and the bottom of the sloping surface miniature fish scale pit.

For example, the curing agent solution is used for keeping the slope surface intercepting form, can be used on the slope surface alone or cooperatively used with the slope surface miniature fish scale pits, when the curing agent solution is used with a miniature fish scale pit system, curing agent spraying is carried out on the pit ridges of the miniature fish scale pits on the slope surface of a mining area containing abandoned soil so as to enhance the stability of the fish scale pits and promote the interception of natural seed falling seeds, soil matrix and rainfall, and the curing agent spraying is carried out on the pit ridges and the pit bottoms of the miniature fish scale pits simultaneously on the slope surface of the mining area without the abandoned soil, so that the natural seed falling seeds, the soil matrix and the rainfall are inhibited from leaking to the deep slope surface along the slag stone gaps while the interception of the natural seed falling seeds, the soil matrix and the rainfall is promoted.

The curing agent solution in the present embodiment may preferably be an ionic curing agent solution, and the concentration of the curing agent solution used is 0.5 to 2%, preferably 1%.

After the interception treatment is performed on the slope surface corresponding to the seed island, some manual maintenance operations can be assisted, for example, the operations include plant maintenance of the seed island, seed broadcasting of the scale pit, and slope surface matrix broadcasting, or maintenance such as initial watering, pest control and the like can be performed after the seed island is sowed or planted, watering is stopped after seed emergence or plant survival, or early construction of a slope surface seed bank can be promoted through seed broadcasting in part or all of the slope surface scale pits, slope surface greening can be realized earlier, covering of intercepted seeds in the scale pit can be realized through slope surface soil matrix broadcasting, and germination of ecological restoration plants is promoted, which is not limited.

The method provided by the embodiment of the application is simple to operate, strong in pertinence and good in popularization and application value.

In the embodiment, soil matrix improvement treatment is carried out on at least one target position distributed on the slope of the mining area in a distributed manner according to a certain area proportion, a Jie heap is constructed in the soil of the target position after improvement treatment, seeds are sown and seedlings are planted in the Jie heap to form a seed island, the slope corresponding to the seed island is intercepted to promote the ecological self-repairing of the slope of the mining area, the soil matrix improvement is carried out aiming at the target position of the slope of the mining area, the Jie heap is constructed and mixed planting of various country soil resistant plants is carried out, the seed island with ecological natural recovery is created, and the slope corresponding to the seed island is intercepted to improve the roughness of the slope of the mining area, so that the settlement capacity of the plant seed slope is effectively enhanced, the comprehensive ecological self-repairing of the slope of the mining area can be realized, the technical problems in the aspects of the seed source of greening of the slope of the mining area, the slope interception and the like are effectively solved, and the economic cost for promoting ecological self-repairing is effectively reduced, and the application range of the method is widened.

The examples for the above embodiments are as follows: