阅读说明：本技术 种籽脱粒清选装置 (Seed threshing and cleaning device ) 是由 万其号 布库 高凤芹 万东莉 于 2020-07-28 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明的实施例提供了一种种籽脱粒清选装置,涉及农业机械领域,该种籽脱粒清选装置包括机架、滚筒脱粒机构、振动筛选机构、物料输送机构和驱动机构,滚筒脱粒机构设置在机架的顶部,振动筛选机构设置在机架的中部,并位于滚筒脱粒机构的下方,物料输送机构设置在机架的底部并位于振动筛选机构的下方,驱动机构设置在机架的一侧并分别与滚筒脱粒机构、振动筛选机构和物料输送机构传动连接。相较于现有技术,本发明能够有效地实现对牧草种子的脱粒、清选和输送功能,同时通过采用多层振动编织筛选的方式,能够提高清选效果,种籽含杂率较低。(The embodiment of the invention provides a seed threshing and cleaning device, which relates to the field of agricultural machinery and comprises a rack, a roller threshing mechanism, a vibration screening mechanism, a material conveying mechanism and a driving mechanism, wherein the roller threshing mechanism is arranged at the top of the rack, the vibration screening mechanism is arranged in the middle of the rack and is positioned below the roller threshing mechanism, the material conveying mechanism is arranged at the bottom of the rack and is positioned below the vibration screening mechanism, and the driving mechanism is arranged at one side of the rack and is respectively in transmission connection with the roller threshing mechanism, the vibration screening mechanism and the material conveying mechanism. Compared with the prior art, the forage grass seed threshing, cleaning and conveying device can effectively realize the functions of threshing, cleaning and conveying forage grass seeds, and meanwhile, the cleaning effect can be improved by adopting a multi-layer vibration weaving and screening mode, and the seed impurity rate is lower.)

1. The utility model provides a seed cleaning plant of threshing, its characterized in that, includes frame, cylinder threshing mechanism, vibration screening mechanism, material conveying mechanism and actuating mechanism, cylinder threshing mechanism sets up the top of frame for it beats threshing to treat to clean seed material, vibration screening mechanism sets up the middle part of frame, and is located cylinder threshing mechanism's below is used for after threshing seed material carries out the multilayer vibration and weaves the screening, material conveying mechanism sets up the bottom of frame is located the below of vibration screening mechanism is used for carry the screening after seed material to preset position, actuating mechanism sets up one side of frame and respectively with cylinder threshing mechanism vibration screening mechanism with the transmission of material conveying mechanism is connected.

2. A seed threshing and cleaning device according to claim 1, characterized in that, the vibration screening mechanism includes casing, vibrating sprocket, eccentric drive assembly and multilayer vibration woven screen, vibrating sprocket sets up one side of casing and with the actuating mechanism transmission is connected, eccentric drive assembly sets up on the casing and with the vibrating sprocket transmission is connected, the multilayer vibration woven screen sets up in the casing and be located the below of cylinder threshing mechanism, just eccentric drive assembly with the multilayer vibration woven screen transmission is connected, is used for driving under vibrating sprocket's the drive the sieve vibration is woven in the multilayer vibration, it is right in order to realize the screening is woven in the multilayer vibration of seed material.

3. A seed threshing and cleaning device according to claim 2, characterized in that the multilayer vibrating woven screen includes a first vibrating screen, a second vibrating screen and a third vibrating screen, the mesh size of which is reduced in turn, the first vibrating screen, the second vibrating screen and the third vibrating screen are arranged in turn from top to bottom in the casing, and the first vibrating screen is arranged below the roller threshing mechanism.

4. A seed threshing and cleaning unit as claimed in claim 3, wherein a shaker plate is provided on one side of the first shaker for shaking transport of the seed material to the first shaker.

5. A seed threshing and cleaning device as claimed in claim 2, characterized in that a fan is further provided on one side of the casing close to the driving mechanism, the fan is in transmission connection with the driving mechanism for blowing out the screened straws in the seed material.

6. A seed threshing and cleaning device according to claim 2, characterized in that, the eccentric transmission component includes a transmission ring handle, an eccentric wheel and a rotating shaft, the rotating shaft is rotatably arranged at the bottom of the casing, and is connected with the transmission of the vibrating chain wheel, the eccentric wheel is eccentrically arranged in the rotating shaft, and the driving of the rotating shaft is driven to do eccentric circular motion, one end of the transmission ring handle is provided with a bearing seat, the bearing seat is sleeved on the eccentric wheel through a bearing sleeve, and is driven to do eccentric circular motion under the driving of the eccentric wheel, the other end of the transmission ring handle is connected with the transmission of the multilayer vibrating woven screen for driving the multilayer vibrating woven screen to vibrate.

7. A seed threshing and cleaning device according to claim 1, characterized in that the cylinder threshing mechanism includes a threshing cylinder, a spiral angle adjusting plate and a threshing sieve plate, the threshing cylinder is rotatably arranged on the frame, the spiral angle adjusting plate is spirally wound on the threshing cylinder, and the threshing sieve plate is surrounded and arranged below the threshing cylinder.

8. A seed threshing and cleaning device as claimed in claim 7, characterized in that the threshing cylinder includes a spiral feed structure, a cylinder center shaft, a support plate and a plurality of threshing rods, the cylinder center shaft is rotatably disposed on the frame, the spiral feed structure is disposed at one end of the cylinder center shaft, the support plate is disposed on the cylinder center shaft, a plurality of threshing rods are annularly disposed outside the cylinder center shaft and are disposed on the support plate, and each threshing rod is provided with a threshing structure thereon.

9. A seed threshing and cleaning device according to claim 8, characterized in that, two adjacent threshing structures on the threshing rods are arranged in a staggered manner, each threshing structure comprises a plurality of groups of finger rods and a plurality of groups of rasp rods which are alternately distributed on the threshing rods, and each threshing rod is provided with a finger rod corresponding to the rasp rod on the adjacent threshing rod.

10. A seed threshing and cleaning device according to claim 1, characterized in that the material conveying mechanism includes a seed screw conveying structure, a pod screw conveying structure and a rethreshing screw conveying structure which are arranged in sequence under the vibration screening mechanism, the seed screw conveying structure is arranged at a seed discharge port of the vibration screening mechanism for collecting screened seeds and conveying the seeds to a preset position; the pod spiral conveying structure is arranged at a pod discharge port of the vibration screening mechanism and used for collecting screened pods and conveying the pods to a preset position; the re-threshing spiral conveying structure is arranged at a re-threshing discharge port of the vibration screening mechanism and used for collecting screened seeds with pods and conveying the seeds to a preset position.

Technical Field

The invention relates to the field of agricultural machinery, in particular to a seed threshing and cleaning device.

Background

The grass seeds are an important material basis for obtaining high-quality forage grass, treating grassland degeneration, improving grassland productivity, improving ecological environment and realizing sustainable development of animal husbandry. The production of the pasture seeds is also a great measure for promoting the modernization of the animal husbandry and the development of the agricultural economy in China, and has very important significance for the success of the economic development and the ecological construction in China. The grass seed industry is a sunrise industry full of living machines and can completely become a bright point for adjusting agricultural structures in China and a new growth point for developing national economy. The development of the pasture and grass planting industry is beneficial to promoting the adjustment of the agriculture planting industry structure in China, strengthening the construction and protection of the ecological environment and increasing the demand of high-quality forage grass, so that the demand of the forage grass seeds is more and more increased, and the harvesting of the forage grass seeds is a very key link for obtaining the high-quality forage grass seeds. The pasture grass seeds have small volume, light weight, the outer sides are surrounded by pods, the shapes of the seeds are special, the maturity periods are inconsistent, and the difficulty is brought to the procedures of threshing, cleaning and harvesting of the pasture grass seeds.

At present, the forage grass seeds are mostly directly harvested by using a grain harvesting machine, the adaptability is poor, and the functions of threshing, screening, conveying and the like of the forage grass seeds cannot be effectively realized.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to provide a seed threshing and cleaning device which can effectively realize the functions of threshing, screening, conveying and the like on grass seeds and has good cleaning effect and low seed impurity rate through multi-layer screening.

Embodiments of the invention may be implemented as follows:

in a first aspect, the embodiment of the invention provides a seed threshing and cleaning device, which comprises a rack, a roller threshing mechanism, a vibration screening mechanism, a material conveying mechanism and a driving mechanism, wherein the roller threshing mechanism is arranged at the top of the rack and used for beating and threshing seed materials to be cleaned, the vibration screening mechanism is arranged in the middle of the rack and positioned below the roller threshing mechanism and used for carrying out multilayer vibration weaving screening on the seed materials after threshing, the material conveying mechanism is arranged at the bottom of the rack and positioned below the vibration screening mechanism and used for conveying the seed materials after screening to a preset position, and the driving mechanism is arranged at one side of the rack and is in transmission connection with the roller threshing mechanism, the vibration screening mechanism and the material conveying mechanism respectively.

In optional embodiment, the screening mechanism that vibrates includes casing, vibrating sprocket, eccentric drive subassembly and multilayer vibration woven screen, vibrating sprocket sets up one side of casing and with the actuating mechanism transmission is connected, eccentric drive subassembly sets up on the casing and with the vibrating sprocket transmission is connected, the sieve setting is woven in the multilayer vibration is in the casing and be located cylinder threshing mechanism's below, just eccentric drive subassembly with the sieve transmission is woven in the multilayer vibration is connected, is used for vibrating sprocket's drive is driven down the sieve vibration is woven in the multilayer vibration, and is right in order to realize the screening is woven in the multilayer vibration of seed material.

In an alternative embodiment, the multilayer vibrating woven screen comprises a first vibrating screen, a second vibrating screen and a third vibrating screen, wherein the mesh sizes of the first vibrating screen, the second vibrating screen and the third vibrating screen are sequentially reduced, the first vibrating screen, the second vibrating screen and the third vibrating screen are sequentially arranged in the casing from top to bottom, and the first vibrating screen is arranged below the roller threshing mechanism.

In an alternative embodiment, a shaker plate is provided on one side of the first shaker for shaking delivery of the seed material to the first shaker.

In an optional embodiment, a fan is further arranged on one side of the casing close to the driving mechanism, and the fan is in transmission connection with the driving mechanism and used for blowing out the screened straws in the seed materials.

In optional embodiment, eccentric drive assembly includes backup pad, driving ring handle, eccentric wheel and pivot, the pivot rotationally sets up chassis bottom, and with the vibration sprocket transmission is connected, eccentric wheel eccentric settings is in the pivot, and be eccentric circular motion under the drive of pivot, the one end of driving ring handle is provided with the bearing frame, the bearing frame passes through the bearing housing and establishes on the eccentric wheel, and be eccentric circular motion under the drive of eccentric wheel, the other end of driving ring handle with the multilayer vibration is woven the sieve and is connected, is used for driving the vibration of multilayer vibration woven sieve.

In optional embodiment, cylinder threshing mechanism includes threshing cylinder, spiral angle adjusting plate and threshing sieve board, threshing cylinder rotationally sets up in the frame, spiral angle adjusting plate spiral is around establishing threshing cylinder is last, threshing sieve board surrounds the setting and is in threshing cylinder's below.

In an optional embodiment, the threshing cylinder comprises a spiral feeding structure, a cylinder central shaft, a supporting plate and a plurality of threshing rods, wherein the cylinder central shaft is rotatably arranged on the rack, the spiral feeding structure is arranged at one end of the cylinder central shaft, the supporting plate is arranged on the cylinder central shaft, the plurality of threshing rods are annularly arranged outside the cylinder central shaft and are arranged on the supporting plate, and each threshing rod is provided with a threshing structure.

In an optional embodiment, two adjacent threshing structures on the threshing rods are arranged in a staggered manner, each threshing structure comprises a plurality of groups of finger rods and a plurality of groups of rasp rods which are alternately distributed on the threshing rods, and each finger rod on each threshing rod corresponds to the rasp rod on the adjacent threshing rod.

In an optional embodiment, the material conveying mechanism comprises a seed spiral conveying structure, a pod spiral conveying structure and a re-threshing spiral conveying structure which are sequentially arranged below the vibration screening mechanism, wherein the seed spiral conveying structure is arranged at a seed discharge hole of the vibration screening mechanism and used for collecting screened seeds and conveying the seeds to a preset position; the pod spiral conveying structure is arranged at a pod discharge port of the vibration screening mechanism and used for collecting screened pods and conveying the pods to a preset position; the re-threshing spiral conveying structure is arranged at a re-threshing discharge port of the vibration screening mechanism and used for collecting screened seeds with pods and conveying the seeds to a preset position.

The beneficial effects of the embodiment of the invention include, for example:

according to the seed threshing and cleaning device provided by the invention, the single roller threshing mechanism is arranged at the top end of the rack, so that grass seeds are threshed, meanwhile, the threshed seed materials are subjected to multilayer screening through the vibration screening mechanism, and finally, the screened seed materials are conveyed to a preset position. Compared with the prior art, the forage grass seed threshing, cleaning and conveying device can effectively realize the functions of threshing, cleaning and conveying forage grass seeds, and meanwhile, the cleaning effect can be improved by adopting a multi-layer vibration weaving and screening mode, and the seed impurity rate is lower.

Drawings

In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the drawings needed to be used in the embodiments will be briefly described below, it should be understood that the following drawings only illustrate some embodiments of the present invention and therefore should not be considered as limiting the scope, and for those skilled in the art, other related drawings can be obtained according to the drawings without inventive efforts.

FIG. 1 is a schematic structural view of a seed threshing and cleaning device provided in an embodiment of the present invention at a first view angle;

FIG. 2 is a schematic view of the vibratory screening mechanism of FIG. 1 from a first perspective;

FIG. 3 is a schematic view of the vibratory screening mechanism of FIG. 1 from a second perspective;

FIG. 4 is a schematic structural view of the vibratory screening mechanism of FIG. 1 from a third perspective;

FIG. 5 is a partial enlarged view of V in FIG. 3;

FIG. 6 is a schematic view of the disengagement roller mechanism of FIG. 1;

FIG. 7 is a schematic view of the disengagement drum of FIG. 6;

FIG. 8 is a schematic view of a partial structure of a seed threshing and cleaning device according to an embodiment of the present invention;

fig. 9 is a schematic structural view of a seed threshing and cleaning device provided by the embodiment of the invention under a second view angle.

Icon: 100-seed threshing and cleaning device; 110-a rack; 130-a drum threshing mechanism; 131-a threshing cylinder; 1311-spiral feeding structure; 1313-central axis of drum; 1315-a support plate; 1317-threshing poles; 1318-bevel gear box; 1319-roller drive sprocket; 133-a spiral angle adjustment plate; 135-threshing sieve plate; 137-threshing structure; 1371-rasp bar; 1373-finger; 150-a vibratory screening mechanism; 151-a housing; 153-vibrating sprocket; 155-eccentric drive assembly; 1551-drive ring handle; 1553-eccentric wheel; 1555-rotating shaft; 157-multiple layers of vibrating woven screens; 1571-a first vibrating screen; 1573-a second vibrating screen; 1575-a third vibrating screen; 158-shaking plate; 159-tail sieve; 170-a material conveying mechanism; 171-a seed screw conveying structure; 1711-a seed conveying pulley; 1713-vibrating screen transition chain wheel; 173-pod screw delivery structure; 1731-pod transfer sprockets; 175-rethreshing spiral conveying structure; 1751-rethreshing the conveying chain wheel; 177-a seed spiral lifting structure; 178-pod spiral lift structure; 179-rethreading the spiral lifting structure; 180-a fan; 181-a fan pulley; 190-a drive mechanism; 191-a power wheel; 193-transition drive shaft; 195-a transition pulley; 197-transition sprocket.

Detailed Description

In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are some, but not all, embodiments of the present invention. The components of embodiments of the present invention generally described and illustrated in the figures herein may be arranged and designed in a wide variety of different configurations.

Thus, the following detailed description of the embodiments of the present invention, presented in the figures, is not intended to limit the scope of the invention, as claimed, but is merely representative of selected embodiments of the invention. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

It should be noted that: like reference numbers and letters refer to like items in the following figures, and thus, once an item is defined in one figure, it need not be further defined and explained in subsequent figures.

In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that if the terms "upper", "lower", "inside", "outside", etc. indicate an orientation or a positional relationship based on that shown in the drawings or that the product of the present invention is used as it is, this is only for convenience of description and simplification of the description, and it does not indicate or imply that the device or the element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed in a specific orientation, and be operated, and thus should not be construed as limiting the present invention.

Furthermore, the appearances of the terms "first," "second," and the like, if any, are used solely to distinguish one from another and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance.

It should be noted that the features of the embodiments of the present invention may be combined with each other without conflict.

As disclosed in the background art, in the prior art, grain harvesting machines are usually used for direct harvesting, which cannot realize the threshing of grass seeds, and the structure and parameters of the grain harvesting machines are not adapted to the production of grass seeds, so that the harvesting loss is large, the seed waste is about 30-40%, the impurity content is high, the harvested seed stalks account for about 30%, the grass seeds are not harvested completely, and the development of grass seed industry is severely limited. The research on the proper grass seed harvesting device improves the threshing rate of grass seeds, reduces the harvesting loss of the seeds, reduces the impurity rate of the grass seeds, improves the harvesting cleanliness of the grass seeds, and has important significance for the harvesting of the alfalfa seeds by designing the proper alfalfa threshing and cleaning device.

The invention relates to a layered harvesting, threshing and cleaning device for grass seeds with pods and inconsistent maturity in the harvesting process, which realizes cleaning and separation of seeds, pods and straws. The device is used on an axial flow type forage grass seed combine harvester, the threshing rate and the cleaning efficiency of the forage grass seed combine harvester can be improved through the device, the impurity content rate is reduced, the purity of the forage grass seed harvest is improved, the problem that the harvest of the forage grass seeds such as alfalfa in China is restricted is solved, and equipment support is provided for the harvest of the forage grass seeds such as alfalfa.