阅读说明：本技术 一种进路式充填开采方法 (Approach type filling mining method ) 是由 曹帅 李佳建 黄智强 秦仕文 宋卫东 王爱爱 张欢 赵紫月 于 2021-08-10 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明公开了一种进路式充填开采方法,所述方法包括：划分矿房和矿柱,对矿房进行回采；在矿房回采结束后,在矿房回采结束后形成的第一采空区的一侧架设气囊,并使得所述气囊在充气后与所述第一采空区一侧的矿柱贴合,然后对所述气囊与所述第一采空区另一侧的矿柱之间的空间采用第一填充料进行充填；进行矿柱回采时,将所述气囊进行排气,并将排气后的气囊拖拽出,形成矿柱回采的爆破自由空间；依靠所述爆破自由空间,在矿柱内直接钻孔爆破落矿,并在出矿完毕后,对矿柱回采结束后形成的第二采空区采用第二填充料进行充填。本发明的开采方法大大提高了矿柱回采效率,并降低了回采成本。(The invention discloses an approach type filling mining method, which comprises the following steps: dividing a chamber and a pillar, and stoping the chamber; after stoping of a chamber is finished, erecting an air bag at one side of a first goaf formed after stoping of the chamber is finished, enabling the air bag to be attached to an ore pillar at one side of the first goaf after being inflated, and then filling a space between the air bag and the ore pillar at the other side of the first goaf with first filling materials; when the stope is stoped, the air bag is exhausted, and the exhausted air bag is pulled out to form a free blasting space for stope; and directly drilling and blasting ore falling in the ore pillar by means of the blasting free space, and filling a second goaf formed after the ore pillar is stoped by adopting a second filling material after ore removal is finished. The mining method greatly improves the stope stoping efficiency and reduces the stoping cost.)

1. An access cut-and-fill method, comprising:

dividing a chamber and a pillar, and stoping the chamber;

after stoping of a chamber is finished, erecting an air bag at one side of a first goaf formed after stoping of the chamber is finished, enabling the air bag to be attached to an ore pillar at one side of the first goaf after being inflated, and then filling a space between the air bag and the ore pillar at the other side of the first goaf with first filling materials;

when the stope is stoped, the air bag is exhausted, and the exhausted air bag is pulled out to form a free blasting space for stope;

and directly drilling and blasting ore falling in the ore pillar by means of the blasting free space, and filling a second goaf formed after the ore pillar is mined after ore removal is finished by adopting a second filler.

2. The approach fill mining method of claim 1, wherein the first filler is a tailings cementitious or concrete fill slurry.

3. The approach fill mining method of claim 1, wherein the second filler is a non-cementitious tailings fill slurry.

4. The access pack mining method of claim 1, wherein the bladder includes a bladder and a pressure gauge for measuring the pressure within the bladder.

5. The access pack mining method of claim 4, wherein the bladder is made of any one of plastic, rubber and fabric.

6. The access pack mining method of claim 4, wherein the capsule is of rectangular parallelepiped configuration.

7. The access pack mining method of claim 4, wherein one end of the bladder is provided with a gas port for inflating and deflating the bladder.

8. The access filling and mining method according to claim 7, wherein the gas port is provided with a blocking structure openable and closable relative to the gas port for blocking the gas port.

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of mining, in particular to an access type filling mining method.

Background

The traditional approach filling mining method is a mining method suitable for unstable ore bodies of ore body surrounding rocks. The method comprises the steps of firstly dividing a chamber and an ore pillar, wherein the mining sequence comprises the steps of firstly mining the chamber, constructing blast holes in the chamber, then removing ore, carrying out tailing cemented filling or concrete filling after the ore removing is finished, then mining the ore pillar, and carrying out non-cemented tailing filling after the ore pillar is completely mined. When the method is used for mining the ore pillar, the core hole, the auxiliary hole and the peripheral holes still need to be constructed again according to the approach tunneling mode, so that the mining cost is increased suddenly, and the mining efficiency is reduced.

The patent application with the application number of CN111088979B discloses a downward access filling mining method, which reduces the using amount of cement in filling materials, reduces the filling cost, improves the strength of a filling body, shortens the time consumed for waiting for the filling materials to reach the strength, and improves the mining efficiency. However, the method carries out secondary stoping of other ore blocks after the primary goaf is completely filled, and has lower stoping efficiency and higher cost.

The patent application with the application number of CN111663945A discloses a goaf cutting roadway type upward wide drift filling mining method, which greatly improves the production capacity of a single mining field, but the method needs to reserve a goaf cutting roadway with the width of 3m and the height of 1m along the whole length in one-step mining or two-step mining strip-shaped drifts, and has the advantages of lower efficiency and higher cost.

The patent application with the application number of CN103206215B provides a precontrol top upward access filling mining method, which improves the lower stratified stoping efficiency and has higher production capacity. However, the method is completely filled after the recovery of one recovery unit is finished, and when the adjacent units are recovered, a compensation space needs to be excavated again, so that the recovery efficiency is greatly reduced, and the recovery cost is increased.

The patent application with the application number of CN111894667B provides a vertical medium-length hole ore breaking small-subsection access filling mining method, which reduces filling and maintaining time and accelerates the overall recovery efficiency of a stope on one hand; on the other hand, a detachable shield support is adopted to ensure the smooth implementation of the upward double-layered access stoping and filling. Only the bottom floor of each two floors is supported, so that the supporting operation time is reduced, but the method completely fills the goaf, needs to excavate a compensation space again when adjacent ore bodies are mined, and has high mining cost and low efficiency.

In conclusion, the existing mining method generally has the problems of high mining cost and low mining efficiency.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention provides an approach type filling mining method, which aims to solve the technical problems of high mining cost and low mining efficiency of the existing mining method.

In order to solve the technical problems, the invention provides the following technical scheme:

an access pack mining method, the method comprising:

dividing a chamber and a pillar, and stoping the chamber;

after stoping of a chamber is finished, erecting an air bag at one side of a first goaf formed after stoping of the chamber is finished, enabling the air bag to be attached to an ore pillar at one side of the first goaf after being inflated, and then filling a space between the air bag and the ore pillar at the other side of the first goaf with first filling materials;

when the stope is stoped, the air bag is exhausted, and the exhausted air bag is pulled out to form a free blasting space for stope;

and directly drilling and blasting ore falling in the ore pillar by means of the blasting free space, and filling a second goaf formed after the ore pillar is mined after ore removal is finished by adopting a second filler.

Further, the first filling material is tailing cementing filling slurry or concrete filling slurry.

Further, the second filling material is non-cemented tailing filling slurry.

Further, the air bag comprises a bag body and a pressure gauge for measuring the air pressure in the bag body.

Further, the material of the bag body is any one of plastic, rubber and braided fabric.

Further, the capsule body is of a cuboid structure.

Further, one end of the bag body is provided with an air port for inflating and exhausting the bag body.

Furthermore, the air port is provided with a blocking structure which can be opened and closed relative to the air port and is used for blocking the air port.

The technical scheme provided by the invention has the beneficial effects that at least:

the method of the invention reserves free blasting space for blasting and stoping of the ore pillar by erecting the air bag at one side of the goaf of the ore room and filling the air bag, avoids the complex processes of core hole digging, auxiliary hole digging, peripheral hole digging and the like during stoping of the ore pillar, and can realize stoping of the ore pillar by directly drilling and blasting in the ore pillar, thereby greatly improving stoping efficiency of the ore pillar and reducing stoping cost of the ore pillar.

Drawings

In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention, the drawings needed to be used in the description of the embodiments will be briefly introduced below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious for those skilled in the art to obtain other drawings based on these drawings without creative efforts.

FIG. 1 is a schematic flow diagram of an approach pack mining method provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of the division of the chamber and pillar;

FIG. 3 is a schematic illustration of the room mining to form a first gob;

FIG. 4 is a schematic view of the airbag mounting;

FIG. 5 is a schematic illustration of filling with a first fill material;

FIG. 6 is a schematic illustration of the bladder venting and recovery to form a blast free space;

FIG. 7 is a schematic illustration of a pillar blasting stoping;

fig. 8 is a schematic view of filling a second gob;

FIG. 9 is a schematic view of the bladder in an inflated condition;

FIG. 10 is a schematic view of the balloon in a rolled state, uninflated.

Description of reference numerals:

1. carrying out ore pillar; 2. a chamber; 3. a first gob; 4. an air bag; 5. a first packing body;

6. blasting free space; 7. blast holes; 8. a second packing body; 9. a pressure gauge; 10. a capsule body.

Detailed Description

In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent, embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.

The embodiment provides an approach type filling mining method, when the approach type filling mining method is adopted, firstly, a chamber and a pillar are divided, the chamber is mined firstly, an air bag is erected after ore removal is finished, a goaf is filled, and the air bag is deflated and recovered after filling is finished. And then stoping the ore pillar, taking the space formed by the air bags in a pumping mode as a free blasting space, constructing blast holes on the ore pillar for blasting ore falling, and filling a goaf after ore removal is finished. Specifically, referring to fig. 1 to 10, the execution flow of the method is shown in fig. 1, and includes the following steps:

s1, dividing the chamber 2 and the pillar 1, and stoping the chamber 2;

s2, after stoping of the chamber 2 is finished, erecting an air bag 4 on one side of a first goaf 3 formed after stoping of the chamber 2 is finished, enabling the air bag 4 to be attached to a pillar 1 on one side of the first goaf 3 after being inflated, and then filling a space between the air bag 4 and the pillar 1 on the other side of the first goaf 3 with first filling materials to form a first filling body 5; wherein the first filler is tailing cemented filling slurry or concrete;

s3, when the stope 1 is stoped, exhausting the air bag 4, and dragging out the air bag 4 after exhausting to form a blasting free space 6 for stope 1;

s4, directly constructing blast holes 7 in the ore pillars 1 by means of the blasting free spaces 6, blasting ore falling by the blast holes 7, and filling a second goaf formed after the stoping of the ore pillars 1 is finished by adopting second filling materials to form second filling bodies 8 after ore removal is finished; wherein the second filling material is non-cemented tailing filling slurry.

Further, as shown in fig. 9 and 10, the balloon 4 includes a bladder 10 and a pressure gauge 9 for measuring the pressure inside the bladder 10. Wherein, the material of utricule 10 is any one in plastics, rubber and the knitting, and utricule 10 is the cuboid structure. Of course, it is understood that the material and shape of the bladder 10 may be selected according to the requirement, and the embodiment is not limited thereto, and further, an air port for inflating and deflating the bladder 10 is provided at one end of the bladder 10. And be provided with on the gas port and can open and shut for the gas port for carry out the block structure of shutoff to the gas port. The inflated balloon is shown in fig. 9 and the uninflated balloon is shown in fig. 10.

In conclusion, the method of the embodiment still adopts the approach tunneling mining mode during the mining of the chamber, but after the stoping of the chamber is finished, the drainage type air bag is erected on one side of the goaf formed after the stoping of the chamber is finished, the air bag is inflated to be vertically attached to the ore pillar by the side of the goaf, and then the goaf is filled. When the ore pillar is mined in the second step, the drawable air bag is exhausted, contracted and pulled out to form the free blasting space for mining ore pillar. And directly drilling and blasting ore falling in the ore pillar by means of the blasting free space, and filling by using non-cemented tailing filling slurry after ore removal is finished. Therefore, the complicated processes of core hole digging, auxiliary holes, peripheral holes and the like during secondary construction of the ore pillar extraction are avoided, and the ore pillar extraction can be realized by directly drilling and blasting in the ore pillar through the method of the embodiment, so that the ore pillar extraction efficiency is greatly improved, and the ore pillar extraction cost is reduced.

Moreover, it is noted that, in this document, relational terms such as first and second, and the like are used solely to distinguish one entity or action from another entity or action without necessarily requiring or implying any actual such relationship or order between such entities or actions. The terms "comprises," "comprising," or any other variation thereof, are intended to cover a non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements does not include only those elements but may include other elements not expressly listed or inherent to such process, method, article, or apparatus. Without further limitation, an element defined by the phrase "comprising an … …" does not exclude the presence of other identical elements in a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises the element.

Finally, it should be noted that while the above describes a preferred embodiment of the invention, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that, once the basic inventive concepts have been learned, numerous changes and modifications may be made without departing from the principles of the invention, which shall be deemed to be within the scope of the invention. Therefore, it is intended that the appended claims be interpreted as including preferred embodiments and all such alterations and modifications as fall within the scope of the embodiments of the invention.