Nozzle and method for producing a multiknot yarn
阅读说明:本技术 用于制造多结纱的喷嘴和方法 (Nozzle and method for producing a multiknot yarn ) 是由 P·毕希米勒 于 2014-10-28 设计创作,主要内容包括:一种用于制造多结纱(11)的喷嘴(1),其具有纱线通道(2),其中可借助于空气缠结形成纱结。所述喷嘴包括具有纵轴线(A)的至少一个空气孔(3),其在并入口(4)处并入所述纱线通道(2)。可通过所述空气孔将空气引入纱线通道(2)。所述空气孔(3)的纵轴线(A)以相对于多结纱(11)的输送方向(B)以小于90°、优选65-85°、尤其优选78°的角度布置。挡板面(5)构造在纱线通道(2)中、在空气孔(3)的并入口(4)的相对侧上,以大体垂直于空气孔(3)的纵轴线(A)。(A nozzle (1) for producing a multiknot yarn (11) has a yarn channel (2) in which yarn knots can be formed by means of air entanglement. The nozzle comprises at least one air hole (3) with a longitudinal axis (A) merging into the yarn channel (2) at a merging opening (4). Air can be introduced into the yarn channel (2) through the air holes. The longitudinal axis (A) of the air holes (3) is arranged at an angle of less than 90 DEG, preferably 65-85 DEG, particularly preferably 78 DEG, relative to the transport direction (B) of the multiknot yarn (11). The baffle surface (5) is configured in the yarn channel (2) on the opposite side of the air hole (3) and the inlet (4) so as to be substantially perpendicular to the longitudinal axis (A) of the air hole (3).)
1. A nozzle (1) for producing a multiknot yarn (11), having a yarn channel (2) in which a yarn knot can be formed by means of air entanglement, further comprising at least one air bore (3) having a longitudinal axis (A) which merges into the yarn channel (2) at a merge (4) and through which air can be introduced into the yarn channel (2), wherein the longitudinal axis (A) of the air bore (3) is arranged at an angle of 90 DEG to the transport direction (B) of the multiknot yarn (11) and the inlet (6) region of the yarn channel (2) is constricted relative to the cross section of the yarn channel (2) in the region of the merge (4) of the air bore (3) and/or the outlet (7) of the yarn channel (2) is widened relative to the cross section of the yarn channel (2) in the region of the merge (4) of the air bore (3), and the baffle surface (5) is configured in the yarn channel (2) on the opposite side of the air hole (3) and the inlet (4) so that there is more net air dissipation through the outlet (7) than through the inlet (6).
2. Nozzle (1) according to claim 1, wherein the baffle surface (5) is configured so as to be substantially perpendicular to the longitudinal axis (a) of the air hole (3).
3. Nozzle (1) according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the yarn channel (2) is constructed so as to be in two parts, a nozzle plate (9) and a cover plate (8), which are detachably connected to one another.
4. Nozzle (1) according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the baffle surface (5) has a length in the conveying direction (B) of 2 to 4 times the diameter of the air holes (3).
5. Nozzle (1) according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the constriction and/or widening in the area of the inlet (6)/outlet (7) is formed by the surface contour of the cover plate (8) of the yarn channel (2).
6. Nozzle (1) according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the constriction and/or widening in the area of the inlet (6)/outlet (7) is formed by the surface contour of the cover plate (8) and the nozzle plate (9).
7. Nozzle (1) for producing a multiknot yarn (11), being a nozzle (1) according to claim 1 or 2, having a yarn channel (2) in which a knot can be formed by means of air entanglement, it further comprises at least one air hole (3) with a longitudinal axis (A), which merges with the yarn channel (2) at a merging opening (4) and through which air can be introduced into the yarn channel (2), wherein a step (12), preferably an inclined step, is formed between the inlet (6) of the yarn channel (2) and the merging inlet (4) of the air hole (3) on the opposite side of the yarn channel (2) from the air hole (3), wherein the steps (12) extend away from and into the inlet (4) in the conveying direction (B) so as to enable deflection of the yarn around the edges (14) of the steps (12).
8. Nozzle (1) according to claim 7, wherein the cross section of the yarn channel (2) in the transport direction (B) of the multiknot yarn (11) at the end of the step (12) is larger than the cross section of the yarn channel (2) at the beginning of the step (12).
9. Nozzle (1) according to claim 7 or 8, wherein the step (12) is configured at the inlet (6) of the yarn channel (2).
10. Nozzle (1) according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the yarn channel (2) exhibits an asymmetrical cross-section.
11. A method for producing a multiknot yarn (11) by means of air entanglement in a yarn channel (2) of a nozzle (1), wherein air is introduced in the direction of the longitudinal axis (A) at an angle of 90 DEG relative to the transport direction (B) of the multiknot yarn (11) by means of at least one air opening (3) merging into the yarn channel (2) having a longitudinal axis (A) in order to be guided onto the baffle surface (5), wherein, due to a constriction of the cross-section of the yarn channel (2) in the region of the inlet (6) of the yarn channel (2) relative to the cross-section of the yarn channel (2) in the region of the inlet (4) of the air bore (3) and/or due to a widening of the outlet (7) of the yarn channel (2) relative to the cross-section of the yarn channel (2) in the region of the inlet (4) of the air bore (3), there is a greater amount of net air dissipation through the outlet (7) than through the inlet (6).
12. A method according to claim 11, wherein the air is directed onto a baffle surface (5) arranged so as to be substantially perpendicular to the longitudinal axis (a) of the air holes (3).
13. Method for producing a multiknot yarn (11) with a nozzle (1) according to claim 7 or 8, which method is produced by means of air entanglement within a yarn channel (2) of the nozzle (1), wherein air is introduced through at least one air hole (3) merging into the yarn channel (2) with a longitudinal axis (a), wherein the yarn is deflected by means of a step (12), preferably an inclined step, which is located between an inlet (6) of the yarn channel (2) and a merging opening (4) of the air hole (3) on the opposite side of the yarn channel (2) from the air hole (3), wherein the step (12) extends away from the merging opening (4) in the conveying direction (B) so as to be able to deflect the yarn around an edge (14) of the step (12) as a result of the air from the air hole.
14. Use of a nozzle (1) according to claim 1 or 2 for the production of a multiknot yarn (11).
15. Nozzle (1) according to claim 7 or 8, wherein the steps (12) are inclined.
16. Nozzle (1) according to claim 15, wherein the step (12) extends at an angle of about 2-6 °.
17. Nozzle (1) according to claim 16, wherein the step (12) extends at an angle of 4 °.
18. Nozzle (1) according to claim 10, wherein the yarn channel (2) exhibits a substantially U-shaped, V-shaped or T-shaped cross-section.
19. The nozzle (1) according to claim 4, wherein the air hole diameter is 4 to 6 mm.
20. The method according to claim 11 or 12, using a nozzle (1) according to claim 1 or 2.
21. The method of claim 13, wherein the steps (12) are inclined steps.
Technical Field
The invention relates to a nozzle with a yarn channel, a method for producing a multiknot yarn in the yarn channel and the use of a nozzle for producing a multiknot yarn, having the features of the preamble of the independent patent claims.
Background
The individual filaments of the smooth or texturized filament yarn are knotted by means of air entanglement to form a multiknot yarn. The air-entangling process is preferably carried out here in a nozzle. In the yarn channel of the nozzle, air is applied to the filaments transversely to the direction of travel. Due to the local flow turbulence, the filaments in the yarn channel are caused to rotate in opposite directions. Here, the multiknot yarn is formed from interlocking filaments called knuckles.
DE4113927 describes a nozzle with a main channel for the introduction of entanglement air and two support channels opposite the main channel. The support channel introduces air into the nozzle that envelops the yarn. The regularity of the tangles is achieved by means of air of the support channels. However, a configuration with three air channels is complex/expensive. Furthermore, with the construction according to DE4113927, only the homogeneity is improved, but an increase in the number of knots cannot be achieved. Furthermore, in order to form a multiknot yarn with three air channels, a considerable amount of compressed air and thus energy is required.
In WO03/029539 a nozzle is described into which primary air is introduced perpendicularly to the yarn channel and secondary air is introduced via auxiliary orifices having a conveying effect. This configuration with two air holes is complicated. Furthermore, in order to form a multiknot yarn with two air channels, a considerable amount of compressed air and thus energy is required.
Disclosure of Invention
It is therefore an object of the present invention to avoid the known disadvantages, in particular to provide a nozzle, a method and a use, in which efficient and reliable formation of a knot is achieved with a simple construction.
These objects are achieved by a nozzle, a method and a use according to the independent claims.
Hereinafter, the present invention is explained by a nozzle having a hole for introducing air. Other gaseous fluids may be used instead of air for entanglement.
Furthermore, the term filament is used. This term applies to both individual filaments, to single yarns, and to combined filaments, which are referred to as spun threads or yarns. The filaments can be crimped or uncrimped, i.e., flat. Yarns made from flat filaments are called flat yarns.
According to the invention, the nozzle for producing multiknots of yarn has a yarn channel in which the knots of yarn can be formed by means of air entanglement. At least one air hole having a longitudinal axis merges into the yarn channel in the merging opening. Air can be introduced into the yarn channel through the air holes. The longitudinal axis of the air holes is arranged at an angle of less than 90 DEG relative to the transport direction of the multiknot yarn, wherein the angle of less than 90 DEG between the longitudinal axis and the transport direction is upstream. A baffle surface is disposed on an opposite side of the air hole from the inlet. According to the invention, the baffle surface is configured substantially perpendicular to the longitudinal axis of the air hole.
The filaments are preferably conveyed through the nozzle during spinning at a processing speed of about 2000-6000 meters per minute (m/min), and during the false twisting process and drawing at a processing speed of about 300-1200 m/min. The air from the air holes is preferably applied to the filaments at about 1-6 bar (bar), especially 4 bar.
Since the longitudinal axis is inclined at less than 90 ° relative to the conveying direction, the air is introduced obliquely into the yarn channel. A positive mass flow of the air in the conveying direction results for the reasons mentioned above. The filaments are conveyed in a conveying direction by means of the air mass flow. Furthermore, the thread tension in the nozzle is prevented in the event of irregularities in the process, such as, for example, in the event of a package change.
The air impinges the baffle surface in a substantially vertical manner. Due to the impact, the air is so configured as to create two opposing turbulences. Due to the opposite way of the turbulence, a part of the filaments move in one direction and another part in the opposite direction. Vertical impact to the baffle face has been shown to have the result of uniform and concentrated entanglement. As a result of this uniform and concentrated entanglement, a multi-node yarn is formed with uniform knuckles, both in terms of the spacing of the knuckles in the yarn and the thickness of the knuckles and the number of knuckles per meter. Uniform knuckles or maximum open length, which is the maximum length of unentangled yarn between the knuckles, is a quality characteristic of multi-knot yarn.
Here, substantially perpendicular with respect to the longitudinal axis of the air bore means that the baffle face in the region opposite the merging opening is at least partially configured so as to be at an angle of about 85 ° to 95 ° with respect to the longitudinal axis. In this context, a baffle face which is configured so as not to be completely flat but, for example, slightly undulating or blocky, is also to be regarded as being substantially perpendicular to the longitudinal axis of the air hole, provided that the basic orientation of the baffle face is configured so as to be substantially perpendicular to the longitudinal axis of the air hole.
Due to the embodiment with only one air hole, the air consumption for the same knotting quality is reduced compared to a nozzle with a plurality of air holes. The reduction in the air consumption leads to a reduction in the energy consumption and thus to a reduction in the operating costs.
Alternatively, it is also possible to apply a plurality of air holes. In this way, the air holes are arranged, for example, in one plane around the yarn channel.
Preferably, the yarn channel located in the region of the inlet opening is constricted relative to the cross section of the yarn channel located in the region of the merging opening of the air bore. The constriction is preferably designed such that the height of the yarn channel at the inlet corresponds to between 10% and 70%, preferably 40%, of the height of the yarn channel in the region of the inlet opening. The constriction may be provided directly at the inlet.
Alternatively, in the region of the inlet opening, the yarn channel is first widened with respect to the height of the yarn channel in the region of the merging opening of the air opening before the above-mentioned constriction takes place. The preceding widening is provided in such a way that the height of the yarn channel in the widening zone is widened by preferably 5 to 55%, particularly preferably 30%, relative to the height between the inlet and the baffle face.
At the constriction, the filaments may be deflected by air which is introduced around the constricted edge via the inlet. Due to said deflection the filaments change from a circular shape to a ribbon shape. The belt shape facilitates entanglement because it provides a greater contact area for air turbulence. Further details of the deflection and deformation of the filaments can be taken from the following examples of the invention.
In addition to or instead of the above-mentioned constriction in the inlet region, the outlet of the yarn channel is widened relative to the yarn channel cross section in the air bore and inlet region. Due to this type of construction, there is a greater amount of net air dissipation through the outlet than through the inlet.
For embodiments with a constriction in the region of the inlet and/or a widening of the outlet, the outlet has a larger diameter than the inlet. This can result in back pressure near the inlet. A net outflow of air takes place via the outlet. The transport of the yarn is additionally assisted by the air flow in the outlet. For the reasons mentioned above, the transport and the maintenance of the tension in the yarn are further improved. For the reasons mentioned above, the tension of the filaments is maintained at a substantially constant level in the event of irregularities in the process.
Furthermore, the constriction in the region of the inlet opening, preferably on the opposite side of the air bore and of the inlet opening, has a stabilizing effect on the thread. This means that the filaments vibrate less in the lateral direction and are therefore transported in a more uniform manner in the centre of the yarn channel. This ensures a uniform quality of the knots and thus finally of the multiknots at different times.
Further, the turbulence of the entangled air loses their strength as the distance from the merging opening of the air supply increases. Furthermore, one of the turbulences running in the opposite direction is either constructed so alternately as to be stronger or weaker than the other. In this case, the turbulent flow is regularly vibrated based on the reference. As a result of widening the outlet, the turbulence additionally loses force and is guided away from the filaments. These turbulences dissipated at the outlet area do not substantially affect the filaments. The filaments are thus maintained in a stable, flat condition at the center of the yarn channel. Due to the above, irregularities in the multiknot yarn and the resulting poor quality are prevented.
Alternatively, the inlet and/or outlet (neither) are constricted or widened relative to the yarn channel diameter in the region of the inlet opening.
According to a further aspect of the invention, there is a nozzle for producing multiknot yarn, which nozzle in turn has a yarn channel in which yarn knots can be formed by means of air entanglement. At least one air hole having a longitudinal axis merges into the yarn channel in the merging opening. Air can be introduced into the yarn channel through the air holes. The longitudinal axes of the air holes are arranged at an angle of 90 ° with respect to the transport direction of the multiknot yarns. In the inlet region, the yarn channel is constricted relative to the cross section of the yarn channel in the region of the merging opening of the air bore. In addition or alternatively, the outlet of the yarn channel is widened relative to the cross section of the yarn channel in the region of the air opening and the inlet. Due to this type of construction, more air is dissipated through the outlet than through the inlet.
The advantages resulting from the constricted and/or widened outlet in the inlet region in this nozzle are the same as those of the already described nozzle with a constricted and/or widened outlet in the inlet region.
The baffle surface is preferably designed in such a way that it is substantially perpendicular to the longitudinal axis of the air bore. For the reasons mentioned above, the air impacts the baffle surface in a substantially vertical manner. Due to the vertical position of the baffle surface relative to the longitudinal axis of the air bore, the same advantages as described above are achieved as in the case of the previously described exemplary embodiment with a vertical baffle surface.
Further, the described criteria for assessing vertical position will be employed. Alternatively, the baffle surface can also be designed so as to be inclined relative to the longitudinal axis.
The nozzles of the embodiments described herein are preferably constructed so as to be in two-part form, i.e., a nozzle plate and a cover plate, which are releasably connectable to one another.
The plate provided with said air holes and entering is called nozzle plate. The cover plate is therefore the plate opposite the yarn channel and is preferably provided with a baffle surface.
The nozzle plate and cover plate are detachable from each other. In the case of plates which are detached from one another, the yarn channel is quickly accessible, for example, to solve complex conditions or to perform cleaning work.
The plates are connected to each other by known connecting elements, such as screws. The plates are preferably held together by a connecting device as described in application WO 99/45184.
Alternatively, the nozzle may also be so constructed as to be in one piece. For the sake of simplicity, reference is instead made here to the cover plate and the nozzle plate, although strictly speaking they are the sides of the yarn channel and not a separate plate.
The baffle surface preferably has a length in the conveying direction of 2 to 4 times the diameter of the air holes, preferably 4 to 6 millimeters (mm).
The air hole diameter is a cross-sectional diameter and is therefore measured perpendicular to the longitudinal axis of the air hole.
The length of the baffle surface in the conveying direction is 2 to 4 times the diameter of the air holes, ensuring uniform air entanglement. The length of the baffle surface is kept as short as possible. The baffle surface may be at an angle relative to the surface of the cover plate. On the one hand, the baffle surface itself can be used here for conveying the filaments, and on the other hand, an additional turbulence can be formed which is used for conveying the filaments. Due to the configuration of the baffle surface with 2 to 4 times the diameter of the air holes, preferably 4 to 6mm, a uniform air entanglement is ensured and simultaneous transport of the filaments is compromised as little as possible.
Of course, it is also conceivable for the baffle surface to be constructed shorter or longer. However, since in this case either the quality of the multiknot yarn is compromised or the transport is compromised, a length of 2 to 4 times the diameter is preferred.
In the case of the embodiment with a constriction and/or an outlet widening in the inlet area, said constriction and/or widening in the inlet area/outlet is preferably formed by the surface contour of the cover plate of the yarn channel.
The surface of the cover plate is thus configured so as to be at an angle relative to the conveying direction, at least in the case of one of the two ports.
The constriction can be achieved here by an inclined portion of the surface extending a distance relative to the interior of the yarn channel. Here, the inclined portions are preferably uniform and thus have the same angle over a length of the inclined portions. The angle is preferably 1 to 7 °, particularly preferably 4 °.
Alternatively, the constriction may be formed by a surface on the inlet which extends substantially perpendicular to the conveying direction, so that only the inlet constricts on itself. The yarn channel here already has a diameter just after the inlet, which corresponds approximately to the diameter in the region of the merging inlet.
This shrinkage can here simultaneously serve as a step for deflecting the yarn, according to a functional mode which will be described further below.
The widening is achieved by raising the cover plate relative to the interior of the yarn channel. The elevation is preferably uniform and therefore has the same angle along the length of the elevation. Instead of a single angle, the surface can also be configured so as to curve in a convex manner with respect to the interior of the yarn channel. A coanda effect is produced for the reasons mentioned above, as a result of which the air flow is guided away from the yarn along the surface. The curvature is designed such that the air is guided along the surface in order to extend as long as possible.
However, in the region of the inlet and outlet, the surface of the nozzle plate preferably extends substantially linearly or parallel to the conveying direction, i.e. substantially without angle. The surface of the nozzle plate may also exhibit a slight curvature.
A plate without an angled surface may be simpler and more cost effective to manufacture than a plate that is angled in the surface. Thus, a nozzle with only a surface profile of the cover plate leading to a constriction and/or widening can be produced more cost-effectively than a nozzle with both plates leading to a constriction and/or widening.
In the case of an alternative preferred embodiment of the nozzle, the nozzle exhibits a constriction in the inlet region and/or a widening of the outlet, which constriction and/or widening is formed in the inlet region/outlet by the surface contours of the cover plate and the nozzle plate.
Here, the surfaces of the two plates are angled at least at one of the two ports.
The constriction can be formed either by the inclined part of the two plates relative to the interior of the yarn channel or by the perpendicular profile of the two plates at the inlet relative to the conveying direction. In the case of an inclination of the plate relative to the interior of the yarn channel, the inclined portion is preferably configured uniformly and therefore has the same angle along its length.
The widening is achieved by raising the nozzle plate and the cover plate relative to the interior of the yarn channel. The elevation is preferably uniform and therefore has the same angle along the length of the elevation.
The advantage of this solution is that the constriction and/or widening is configured in a more uniform manner, so that the turbulence is better guided away from the filaments. This embodiment with the configuration of the threadlike surface profile of the nozzle plate is preferred depending on the type of filament, the transport speed and other parameters like e.g. the internal pressure of the yarn channel.
Either a linear surface profile or a convexly curved surface is preferred with respect to the interior of the yarn channel. The surface is here used as a coanda element so that an uneven/pulsating turbulent flow of air travels along the surface. For the reasons mentioned above, the exiting yarn is not removed from the center of the yarn passage.
A further aspect of the invention relates to a nozzle for producing multiknots of yarn, which has a yarn channel in which the yarn knots can be formed by means of air entanglement. At least one air hole having a longitudinal axis merges into the yarn channel at a merging opening. Air can be introduced into the yarn channel through the air holes. Between the inlet of the yarn channel and the merging of the air holes, a step, preferably an inclined step, is formed on the opposite side of the yarn channel to the air holes. The steps extend away from the merging opening in the conveying direction, so that the yarn is deflected around the edges of the steps.
The stepped nozzle configuration may be combined with various embodiments of the nozzle described.
If the step height or the increase in height in the steps, respectively, does not extend perpendicular to the step tread but rather in an inclined manner, then an angle between 0 ° and 90 ° is referred to as an inclined step.
Due to the air or air holes, the filaments run substantially along the cover plate. At the step, the filaments are deflected by the air, so that the filaments in the conveying direction are at least partially guided away and into the inlet. Due to the deflection at the ladder step, preferably at the edges of the ladder steps, the filaments change from a circular shape to a band-like or band-like shape. Due to the flatter shape, the filaments provide a larger contact area for the entangling air. For the reasons mentioned above, the filaments are entangled in a more uniform manner, which increases the number of knots and improves the evenness of the knots and thus the quality of the multiknot yarn.
Preferably, the cross section of the yarn channel at the end of the step in the transport direction of the multiknot yarn is larger than the cross section of the yarn channel at the beginning of the step.
This is the case when the steps are configured as inclined steps. The cross section of the yarn channel is preferably enlarged in a uniform manner. The uniform enlargement largely prevents undesirable turbulence, for example, from rising, which would adversely affect the conveyed filaments.
Alternatively, the steps are configured as protrusions that are radially oriented in an inward manner. The filaments are deflected here on the projection and are thus flattened.
The step is preferably formed in the inlet region of the yarn channel.
In the case of inclined steps, the inlet may appear as the beginning of the step. Alternatively, the steps may be arranged so as to be offset from the conveying direction.
The projection may be configured to be located directly on the inlet. The inlet opening can be constricted here with respect to the diameter of the yarn channel in the region of the inlet opening. This entails the already described advantages of the constriction of the inlet, in addition to the flattening of the filaments.
Alternatively, the yarn passage and thus the direction of transport of the yarn in the yarn passage may be angled relative to the direction of insertion of the yarn. In this case, it is preferred that at least the cover plate is arranged at an angle of less than 180 ° relative to the insertion direction, wherein the angle of the outer wall of the cover plate relative to the insertion direction is measured. The nozzle plate is preferably designed here such that it is parallel to the cover plate. However, the cover plate can also be parallel to the insertion direction or at another angle relative to the insertion direction. Due to the angle of the cover plate with respect to the insertion direction, the filaments deflect around the edge of the inlet when they enter the yarn channel. Here, a deformation of the thread from a round to a flat shape takes place, which entails the aforementioned advantages.
The inclined steps are preferably designed here at an angle of 2 to 6 °, preferably 4 °, to the conveying direction.
The nozzle is preferably provided with an asymmetric cross-section. Particularly preferred are generally U-shaped, semi-circular, T-shaped or V-shaped cross-sections.
Here, the nozzle plates form constricted portions in an angular or circular manner, respectively, and the cover plate forms a substantially linear portion with respect to the constricted portions.
Alternatively, symmetrical cross sections are also conceivable, such as, for example, circular, rectangular or square cross sections.
It has been shown that the best multiknot yarn quality is achieved by means of a V-shaped cross-section in the spinning process.
In the case of entangled texturized yarns, said optimum quality is achieved by means of a yarn channel having a U-shaped cross-section.
The invention also relates to a method for producing a multiknot yarn in a yarn channel of a nozzle by means of air entanglement. Air is introduced into the yarn channel through an air hole having a longitudinal axis, which merges into the yarn channel at an angle of less than 90 ° with respect to the transport direction at the merging point. The air is guided to a baffle surface on the opposite side of the merging opening of the air hole of the yarn channel, which is designed so as to be perpendicular to the longitudinal axis of the air hole.
The method is preferably carried out, for example, in the nozzle described above with air holes having a longitudinal axis inclined relative to the conveying direction.
In a preferred method, more air is dissipated via the outlet than via the inlet due to a constriction of the inlet area of the yarn channel relative to the yarn channel cross section in the merging area of the air hole and/or due to a widening of the outlet of the yarn channel relative to the yarn channel cross section in the merging area of the air hole and in the inlet area.
In an alternative method for producing multiknots in the yarn channel of a nozzle by means of air entanglement, air is introduced through at least one air hole having a longitudinal axis merging into the yarn channel at a merging opening in the direction of the longitudinal axis at an angle of 90 ° relative to the transport direction of the multiknots, in order to be guided onto the baffle surface. Due to the constriction of the inlet area of the yarn channel relative to the cross section of the yarn channel in the merging area of the air hole and/or due to the widening of the outlet of the yarn channel relative to the cross section of the yarn channel in the merging area of the air hole, more air is dissipated via the outlet than via the inlet.
The method is preferably carried out, for example, in the nozzle described above with air holes having a longitudinal axis perpendicular to the conveying direction.
In an embodiment in which the air is directed onto the baffle face, the baffle face is preferably arranged so as to be substantially perpendicular to the longitudinal axis of the air holes.
In a further alternative method for producing a multiknot yarn in a yarn channel of a nozzle by means of air entanglement, air is introduced through at least one air hole having a longitudinal axis merging into the yarn channel at a merging opening. By means of steps, preferably inclined steps, which are arranged between the inlet of the yarn channel and the merging of the air holes on opposite sides of the air holes of the yarn channel, wherein the steps extend away from the merging in the conveying direction, the yarn is deflected around the edges of the steps while the air exits from the air holes.
The process is preferably carried out in the above-described nozzle with a cascade.
The invention also relates to the use of a nozzle as described above and in
Drawings
Further advantageous aspects of the invention are explained below with the aid of exemplary embodiments and the figures. The figures show in a schematic way, wherein:
figure 1 shows a first embodiment of a nozzle according to the invention in cross-section;
FIG. 2 shows in cross-section another embodiment of a nozzle according to the present invention;
FIG. 3 shows another illustration of the nozzle of FIG. 2;
FIG. 4 shows an alternative embodiment of a nozzle according to the present invention in cross-section;
FIG. 5 shows a front view of the nozzle of FIG. 4;
FIG. 6 shows air flow onto the baffle face in a cross section of the air holes;
FIG. 7 shows in cross-section a collection of various nozzles according to the present invention;
figures 8 to 11 show comparative measurements of a nozzle according to the invention and a nozzle according to the prior art;
figure 12 shows the characteristics of the multi-binders from the nozzle in figure 7 compared to the multi-binders from the prior art nozzle.
Detailed Description
Fig. 1 shows a
The
Due to the oblique orientation of the longitudinal axis a of the
Fig. 2 shows a
Fig. 3 shows a
Furthermore, the constriction in the region of the
By widening at the
Fig. 4 shows an alternative embodiment of a
Fig. 5 shows the
Fig. 6 shows a detail of the
Fig. 7 shows in a schematic way in cross section in partial view four
V1/V2 shows the following characteristics:
a) the
b) The increase in height at the
The increase in height at the
c) Due to the two angles in the
d) As a result of the application of the centering element at the highest point of feature b), the yarn is held in the center of the
The nozzle V2/V3 has the same features a), b) and c) as the nozzle V1/V2. In contrast to the nozzle V2/V3, the yarn is pressed against the radius of the structure d) due to the absence of a centering element configured as a gap. For the above reasons, the
The nozzle V9/V9 has the same features a), b) and d) as the nozzle V2/V3. In contrast to the nozzle V2/V3, the nozzle V9/V9 has two tangential radii in the region c) at the
The nozzle V11/V10 has the same features b), c), d) as the nozzle V2/V3. In contrast to nozzles V2/V3 (and V1/V1, V9/V9), nozzles V11/V10 have
Fig. 8 to 11 show the test results obtained for the comparison of the
Fig. 8 shows comparative measurements in which FP/s (fixed points per second/number of knots per second) is measured versus dpf (denier per filament/weight per length). In the following case, filaments composed of polyester with the same density are used. Where the filaments have the same density, dpf may be assumed to be equal to the diameter of the filaments. As shown in fig. 8, by means of the nozzle according to the invention, a greater number of knots per unit time is achieved compared with standard nozzles known from the prior art. Here, the best results are achieved with nozzles V11/V10 having air holes positioned obliquely.
In comparative tests as shown in fig. 9 to 11, the number of neps per meter (FP/m) was compared according to the entanglement air pressure in bar. In this case, the same polyester filaments (polyethersulfone (PES) filaments) are used, i.e. with a uniform dpf. In the case of a uniform air hole diameter in the nozzle, the following applies: the higher the pressure, the more knots (knots/meter) are constructed.
In fig. 9, Dtex 68f34 consisting of 34 filaments and weighing 68 g per 10000 m was used. In the test, the nozzles V9/V9 and V11/V10 according to the invention were compared with the standard nozzles HN133 and RPE. Here, the number of knots per meter (FP/m) is compared, based on the entanglement air pressure in bars. In the diagram, the lower border of the area of each nozzle shows the number of strong knots. The upper border shows the total number of knots, i.e. the sum of the number of strong and soft knots.
The knot solidity of the yarn knots is measured by pressing the
In this way, the nozzles V9/V9 reach, for example, 18 strong knots per meter and a total of 21 knots at 3 bar. The shorter the distance between the lower and upper boundaries of the area, the more uniform and more solid the knot. The nozzle according to the invention not only shows more knots per meter but also more uniform and stronger knots at various pressures. The nozzles according to the invention are less dependent on a specific pressure than the nozzles of the prior art in terms of their construction of uniform and strong knots. For the reasons described above, the nozzle can be used in a variety of entangling processes. The pressure and thus the air consumption can be reduced without any significant decrease in the number of knots.
Fig. 10 and 11 show the same measurements as shown in fig. 9, where another threadline (and other nozzles) is used as compared to fig. 9.
In FIG. 10, nozzles V1/V2 and V9/V9 are compared to the two standards in FIG. 9. A yarn consisting of 136 polyester filaments (FDY PES 136f68) having a weight of 136 g/10000 m was used. With the nozzle according to the invention, more and above all strong knots of yarn are achieved more regularly with the most pressure than with the nozzles of the prior art.
In FIG. 11, nozzle V11/V10 is compared to prior
The tests shown in figures 9 to 11 demonstrate that the nozzle according to the invention shows better results than the nozzles of the prior art in the case of a large number of yarns.
Figure 12 shows multiknot yarns made using
Multiknot yarns made using standard nozzles exhibit open points and weak (short) knots. Furthermore, the spacing between the knuckles is non-uniform. In contrast, the
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