Surface-coated cutting tool and method for manufacturing same
阅读说明:本技术 表面被覆切削工具及其制造方法 (Surface-coated cutting tool and method for manufacturing same ) 是由 小野聪 今村晋也 奥野晋 阿侬萨克·帕索斯 于 2018-12-14 设计创作,主要内容包括:该表面被覆切削工具包括基材和被覆基材的覆膜。基材包括前刀面和后刀面。覆膜包括TiCN层。TiCN层在前刀面的区域d1中具有(422)取向,并且在后刀面的区域d2中具有(311)取向。当前刀面和后刀面通过切削刃面而彼此连续时,区域d1是介于前刀面和切削刃面的边界线与假想线D1之间的区域,其中假想线D1在前刀面上并且与假想棱线相隔500μm,并且区域d2是介于后刀面和切削刃面的边界线与假想线D2之间的区域,其中假想线D2位于后刀面上并且与假想棱线相隔500μm。在前刀面和后刀面通过棱线而彼此连续时,区域d1为介于棱线和假想线D1之间的区域,其中假想线D1位于前刀面上并且与棱线相隔500μm,并且区域d2是介于棱线和假想线D2之间的区域,其中假想线D2位于后刀面上并且与棱线相隔500μm。(The surface-coated cutting tool includes a base material and a coating film coating the base material. The substrate includes a rake face and a relief face. The coating includes a TiCN layer. The TiCN layer has (422) orientation in the region d1 of the rake face and (311) orientation in the region d2 of the flank face. When the rake face and the flank face are continuous with each other by the cutting edge face, a region D1 is a region between a boundary line of the rake face and the cutting edge face and an imaginary line D1, wherein the imaginary line D1 is on the rake face and is spaced from the imaginary ridge by 500 μm, and a region D2 is a region between a boundary line of the flank face and the cutting edge face and an imaginary line D2, wherein the imaginary line D2 is located on the flank face and is spaced from the imaginary ridge by 500 μm. When the rake face and the flank face are continuous with each other by the ridge line, the region D1 is a region between the ridge line and an imaginary line D1, in which the imaginary line D1 is located on the rake face and is spaced 500 μm from the ridge line, and the region D2 is a region between the ridge line and an imaginary line D2, in which the imaginary line D2 is located on the flank face and is spaced 500 μm from the ridge line.)
1. A surface-coated cutting tool comprising:
a substrate; and
a coating film for coating the substrate, wherein
The base material comprises a front cutter face and a rear cutter face,
the coating film comprises a TiCN layer,
the TiCN layer has a (422) orientation in the region d1 of the rake face,
the TiCN layer has (311) orientation in the region d2 of the flank face,
when the rake face and the flank face are continuous with each other with the cutting edge face therebetween,
the region D1 is a region between an imaginary line D1 and a boundary, wherein the boundary is between the rake face and the cutting edge face, and the imaginary line D1 is located on the rake face and is 500 μm apart from an imaginary ridge line where a face obtained by extending the rake face and a face obtained by extending the flank face intersect, and
the region D2 is a region between an imaginary line D2 and a boundary, wherein the boundary is between the flank face and the cutting edge face, and the imaginary line D2 is located on the flank face and is 500 μm apart from the imaginary ridge, and
when the rake face and the flank face are continuous with each other with a ridge line therebetween,
the region D1 is a region between the ridge and an imaginary line D1, wherein the imaginary line D1 is located on the rake face and is 500 μm apart from the ridge, and
the region D2 is a region between the ridge and an imaginary line D2, where the imaginary line D2 is located on the flank face and is 500 μm apart from the ridge.
2. The surface-coated cutting tool according to claim 1, wherein
The TiCN layer having (311) orientation means that, in a texture coefficient TC (hkl) defined by the following equation (1), the texture coefficient TC (311) of the (311) plane in the TiCN layer is larger than that of any other crystal orientation plane, and
the TiCN layer having an orientation of (422) means that, in a texture coefficient TC (hkl) defined by the following equation (1), the texture coefficient TC (422) of a (422) plane in the TiCN layer is larger than that of any other crystal orientation plane,
wherein
I (hkl) and I (h)xkylz) Respectively, the measured diffraction intensities of the (hkl) plane and (h)xkylz) The measured diffraction intensity of the surface,
Io(hkl) and Io(hxkylz) Respectively represent the average values of powder diffraction intensities of TiC and TiN according to the (hkl) plane of the JCPDS database and (h) according to the JCPDS databasexkylz) Average value of powder diffraction intensities of TiC and TiN of the face, and
(hkl) and (h)xkylz) Each represents any one of eight faces including a (111) face, a (200) face, a (220) face, a (311) face, a (331) face, a (420) face, a (422) face, and a (511) face.
3. The surface-coated cutting tool according to claim 2, wherein a ratio TC of (311) texture coefficient to (422) texture coefficient in the region d2 of the flank faceflank(311)/TCflank(422) Greater than 1.
4. The surface-coated cutting tool according to claim 2 or 3, wherein a ratio TC of a (422) texture coefficient in the region d2 of the flank face to a (422) texture coefficient in the region d1 of the rake faceflank(422)/TCrake(422) Is 1 or less.
5. The surface-coated cutting tool according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the TiCN layer has a thickness of 6 μm or more and 10 μm or less.
6. The surface-coated cutting tool according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein the base material comprises one selected from the group consisting of cemented carbide, cermet, high-speed steel, ceramic, cBN sintered body, and diamond sintered body.
7. The surface-coated cutting tool according to claim 6, wherein when the base material is a cemented carbide, the base material contains cobalt in an amount of 7 mass% or more and 12 mass% or less with respect to the total mass of the base material.
8. The surface-coated cutting tool according to any one of claims 1 to 7, wherein the coating film further comprises Al formed on the TiCN layer2O3And (3) a layer.
9. The surface-coated cutting tool according to claim 8, wherein the Al2O3The thickness of the layer is 0.5 to 4 μm.
10. A method of manufacturing the surface-coated cutting tool according to any one of claims 1 to 7, the method comprising:
a substrate preparation step of preparing the substrate;
a TiCN layer coating step of coating at least a portion of the rake face and at least a portion of the flank face with the TiCN layer; and
a shot blasting step of shot blasting the TiCN layer in the flank face,
wherein the TiCN layer coating step is performed by chemical vapor deposition and includes discontinuously supplying a raw material gas of the TiCN layer.
11. The method of claim 10, wherein
The coating film further includes Al formed on the TiCN layer2O3A layer of
The method further comprises Al2O3A layer stacking step in which the Al is applied after the TiCN layer coating step or the shot blasting step2O3A layer is stacked on the TiCN layer.
Technical Field
The present disclosure relates to a surface-coated cutting tool and a method of manufacturing the same. This application claims priority from japanese patent application No.2018-049285, filed 3, 16, 2018, the entire contents of which are incorporated herein by reference.
Background
Conventionally, various studies have been made to extend the life of a cutting tool. For example, japanese patent unexamined publication No.06-158325 (patent document 1) and japanese patent unexamined publication No.11-124672 (patent document 2) each disclose a cutting tool including a base material and a coating film formed on a surface of the base material.
Reference list
Patent document
Patent document 1: japanese patent unexamined publication No.06-158325
Patent document 2: japanese patent unexamined publication No.11-124672
Disclosure of Invention
A surface-coated cutting tool according to the present disclosure is a surface-coated cutting tool including: a base material and a coating film for coating the base material, wherein
The base material comprises a front cutter face and a rear cutter face,
the coating film comprises a TiCN layer,
the TiCN layer has a (422) orientation in the region d1 of the rake face,
the TiCN layer has (311) orientation in the region d2 of the flank face,
when the rake face and the flank face are continuous with each other with the cutting edge face therebetween,
the region D1 is a region between an imaginary line D1 and a boundary between the rake face and the cutting edge face, an imaginary line D1 is located on the rake face and is 500 μm apart from an imaginary ridge line where a face obtained by extending the rake face and a face obtained by extending the flank face intersect, and
the region D2 is a region between an imaginary line D2 and a boundary between the flank face and the cutting edge face, the imaginary line D2 is located on the flank face and is spaced 500 μm from the imaginary ridge line, and
when the rake face and the flank face are continuous with each other with a ridge therebetween,
the region D1 is a region between the ridge line and an imaginary line D1, wherein the imaginary line D1 is located on the rake face and is spaced 500 μm from the ridge line, and
region D2 is the region between the ridge and the imaginary line D2, where the imaginary line D2 lies on the flank face and is 500 μm apart from the ridge.
A method of manufacturing a surface-coated cutting tool according to the present disclosure is a method of manufacturing the above-described surface-coated cutting tool, the method including:
a substrate preparation step of preparing a substrate;
a TiCN layer coating step of coating at least a part of the rake face and at least a part of the flank face with a TiCN layer; and
a shot blasting step of shot blasting the TiCN layer in the flank face,
wherein the TiCN layer coating step is performed by chemical vapor deposition and includes discontinuously supplying a raw material gas of the TiCN layer.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a perspective view illustrating one aspect of a cutting tool.
Fig. 2 is a sectional view taken along line X-X in fig. 1.
Fig. 3 is a partially enlarged view of fig. 2.
Fig. 4 shows another shape of the cutting edge portion.
Fig. 5 shows yet another shape of the cutting edge portion.
Fig. 6 shows yet another shape of the cutting edge portion.
Fig. 7 is a schematic diagram showing the measurement positions of the rake face or the flank face in the X-ray diffraction measurement.
Fig. 8 is a graph showing the texture coefficient of each orientation plane in the region d2 of the flank face.
Fig. 9 is a graph showing the texture coefficient of each orientation plane in the region d1 of the rake face.
Detailed Description
[ technical problems to be solved by the present disclosure ]
According to
The present disclosure has been made in view of the above circumstances, and an object of the present disclosure is to provide a surface-coated cutting tool having excellent chipping resistance and also excellent crater wear resistance during high-speed machining, and a method for manufacturing the same.
[ advantageous effects of the present disclosure ]
As described above, it is possible to provide a surface-coated cutting tool having excellent chipping resistance and also excellent crater wear resistance during high-speed machining, and a method for manufacturing the same.
[ description of the embodiments ]
First, the present disclosure is described based on the following listed aspects.
[1] A surface-coated cutting tool according to an aspect of the present disclosure is a surface-coated cutting tool including: a base material and a coating film for coating the base material, wherein
The base material comprises a front cutter face and a rear cutter face,
the coating film comprises a TiCN layer,
the TiCN layer has a (422) orientation in the region d1 of the rake face,
the TiCN layer has (311) orientation in the region d2 of the flank face,
when the rake face and the flank face are continuous with each other with the cutting edge face therebetween,
the region D1 is a region between an imaginary line D1 and a boundary between the rake face and the cutting edge face, an imaginary line D1 is located on the rake face and is 500 μm apart from an imaginary ridge line where a face obtained by extending the rake face and a face obtained by extending the flank face intersect, and
the region D2 is a region between an imaginary line D2 and a boundary between the flank face and the cutting edge face, the imaginary line D2 is located on the flank face and is spaced 500 μm from the imaginary ridge line, and
when the rake face and the flank face are continuous with each other with a ridge therebetween,
the region D1 is a region between the ridge line and an imaginary line D1, wherein the imaginary line D1 is located on the rake face and is spaced 500 μm from the ridge line, and
region D2 is the region between the ridge and the imaginary line D2, where the imaginary line D2 lies on the flank face and is 500 μm apart from the ridge.
The surface-coated cutting tool having the above features can have both a flank face excellent in toughness and a rake face excellent in hardness. Therefore, the surface-coated cutting tool has excellent chipping resistance and also has excellent crater wear resistance at high-speed machining. Here, "crater wear" refers to wear in the rake face.
[2] The TiCN layer having (311) orientation means that, among the texture coefficient TC (hkl) defined by the following equation (1), the texture coefficient TC (311) of the (311) plane in the TiCN layer is larger than that of any other crystal orientation plane, and
the TiCN layer having an orientation of (422) means that, in the texture coefficient TC (hkl) defined by the following equation (1), the texture coefficient TC (422) of the (422) plane in the TiCN layer is larger than that of any other crystal orientation plane,
[ mathematical formula 1]
Wherein
I (hkl) and I (h)xkylz) Respectively, the measured diffraction intensities of the (hkl) plane and (h)xkylz) The measured diffraction intensity of the surface,
Io(hkl) and Io(hxkylz) Respectively represent the average values of powder diffraction intensities of TiC and TiN according to the (hkl) plane of the JCPDS database and (h) according to the JCPDS databasexkylz) Average value of powder diffraction intensities of TiC and TiN of the face, and
(hkl) and (h)xkylz) Each represents any one of eight faces including a (111) face, a (200) face, a (220) face, a (311) face, a (331) face, a (420) face, a (422) face, and a (511) face.
[3]In the region d2 of the flank face, the ratio TC of the (311) to the (422) texture factorflank(311)/TCflank(422) Greater than 1. The ratio thus defined gives a surface with more excellent resistance to defectsA coated cutting tool.
[4]The ratio TC of the (422) texture coefficient in the region d2 of the flank to the (422) texture coefficient in the region d1 of the rake faceflank(422)/TCrake(422) Is 1 or less. The ratio thus defined yields a surface-coated cutting tool having more excellent crater wear resistance during high-speed machining.
[5] The TiCN layer has a thickness of 6 to 10 [ mu ] m. The thus-defined TiCN layer results in a surface-coated cutting tool having excellent wear resistance and excellent chipping resistance.
[6] The base material includes one selected from the group consisting of cemented carbide, cermet, high speed steel, ceramic, cBN sintered body, and diamond sintered body. The base material thus defined allows the surface-coated cutting tool to have excellent hardness and excellent strength at high temperatures.
[7] When the base material is a cemented carbide, the amount of cobalt contained in the base material is 7 mass% or more and 12 mass% or less with respect to the total mass of the base material. The substrate thus defined gives a surface-coated cutting tool having excellent wear resistance and excellent chipping resistance.
[8]The coating film further includes Al formed on the TiCN layer2O3And (3) a layer. The coating film thus defined achieves a surface-coated cutting tool having excellent heat resistance and excellent chemical stability.
[9]Al2O3The thickness of the layer is 0.5 to 4 μm. Al thus defined2O3The layer provides a surface-coated cutting tool having more excellent heat resistance and more excellent chemical stability.
[10] A method of manufacturing a surface-coated cutting tool according to the present disclosure is a method of manufacturing the surface-coated cutting tool according to any one of the above [1] to [7], the method including:
a substrate preparation step of preparing a substrate;
a TiCN layer coating step of coating at least a part of the rake face and at least a part of the flank face with a TiCN layer; and
a shot blasting step of shot blasting the TiCN layer in the flank face,
wherein the TiCN layer coating step is performed by chemical vapor deposition and includes discontinuously supplying a raw material gas of the TiCN layer.
The method includes the steps as described above, and therefore, a surface-coated cutting tool having excellent chipping resistance and also excellent crater wear resistance at high-speed machining can be manufactured.
[11]The coating film further includes Al formed on the TiCN layer2O3A layer, and the method further comprises Al2O3A layer stacking step in which Al is added after the TiCN layer coating step or the shot blasting step2O3The layers are stacked on top of a TiCN layer. The method thus defined enables the production of a surface-coated cutting tool having excellent heat resistance and excellent chemical stability.
[ detailed description of embodiments of the present disclosure ]
Hereinafter, embodiments of the present disclosure (hereinafter also referred to as "the present embodiments") will be described. However, the present embodiment is not limited thereto. In the drawings used in the following description of the embodiments, the same reference numerals denote the same parts or corresponding parts. In the present specification, the expression of the form "a to B" means the upper and lower limits of the range (i.e., a above and below B), and when a has no unit but only B has a unit, a has the same unit as B. Further, in the present specification, when a compound is represented by a composition formula (chemical formula) such as "TiC" whose constituent element ratio is unspecified, the composition formula (or chemical formula) shall include any conventionally known composition (or element ratio). The compositional formula (chemical formula) shall include not only stoichiometric compositions but also non-stoichiometric compositions. For example, the compositional formula (chemical formula) "TiC" includes not only the stoichiometric composition "Ti1Cl", also includes non-stoichiometric compositions (e.g.," Ti ")1C0.8". The same applies to compounds other than "TiC".
Surface-coated cutting tool
The surface-coated cutting tool according to the present embodiment is a surface-coated cutting tool including: a base material and a coating film for coating the base material, wherein
The base material comprises a front cutter face and a rear cutter face,
the coating film comprises a TiCN layer,
the TiCN layer has a (422) orientation in the region d1 of the rake face,
the TiCN layer has (311) orientation in the region d2 of the flank face,
when the rake face and the flank face are continuous with each other with the cutting edge face therebetween,
the region D1 is a region between an imaginary line D1 and a boundary between the rake face and the cutting edge face, an imaginary line D1 is located on the rake face and is 500 μm apart from an imaginary ridge line where a face obtained by extending the rake face and a face obtained by extending the flank face intersect, and
the region D2 is a region between an imaginary line D2 and a boundary between the flank face and the cutting edge face, the imaginary line D2 is located on the flank face and is spaced 500 μm from the imaginary ridge line, and
when the rake face and the flank face are continuous with each other with a ridge therebetween,
the region D1 is a region between the ridge line and an imaginary line D1, wherein the imaginary line D1 is located on the rake face and is spaced 500 μm from the ridge line, and
region D2 is the region between the ridge and the imaginary line D2, where the imaginary line D2 lies on the flank face and is 500 μm apart from the ridge.
The surface-coated cutting tool of the present embodiment (hereinafter, also simply referred to as "cutting tool") includes a base material and a coating film covering the base material. The cutting tool may for example be a drill, an end mill, replaceable cutting inserts for drills, replaceable cutting inserts for end mills, replaceable cutting inserts for milling, replaceable cutting inserts for turning, a metal saw, a gear cutting tool, a reamer or a tap.
< substrate >
The substrate of the present embodiment may be any conventionally known such substrate. For example, the substrate preferably includes one selected from the group consisting of: cemented carbides (e.g., tungsten carbide (WC) -based cemented carbides, cemented carbides containing Co in addition to WC, cemented carbides containing additionally carbonitrides of Cr, Ti, Ta, Nb, and the like in addition to WC); cermet (mainly including TiC, TiN, TiCN, etc.), high-speed steel, ceramic (e.g., titanium carbide, silicon nitride, aluminum nitride, or alumina), cubic boron nitride sintered body (cBN sintered body), and diamond sintered body, and more preferably includes one selected from the group consisting of cemented carbide, cermet, and cBN sintered body.
Among these various types of base materials, a WC-based cemented carbide or a cermet (particularly a TiCN-based cermet) is particularly preferably selected. This is because these base materials are excellent in balance between hardness and strength at high temperatures, and have excellent characteristics as base materials for surface-coated cutting tools used for the above-mentioned applications.
When the substrate is a cemented carbide, the substrate preferably contains 7 mass% or more and 12 mass% or less of cobalt, more preferably 8 mass% or more and 11 mass% or less of cobalt, and still more preferably 9 mass% or more and 10.5 mass% or less of cobalt, relative to the total mass of the substrate. The content ratio of cobalt can be determined by, for example, titration.
The substrate has a rake face and a relief face. "rake surface" means a surface that scratches chips cut from a workpiece material. "flank" means the face of a portion that is in contact with the workpiece material. The substrate is divided into the following two cases: "the rake face and the flank face are continuous with each other by the cutting edge face located therebetween", and "the rake face and the flank face are continuous with each other by the ridge line located therebetween". This will be described below with reference to fig. 1 to 6.
Fig. 1 is a perspective view showing one aspect of a cutting tool, and fig. 2 is a sectional view taken along line X-X in fig. 1. The cutting tool having such a shape is used as a replaceable cutting insert for turning.
The surface of the
In the
Fig. 3 is a partially enlarged view of fig. 2. Fig. 3 shows an imaginary plane a, a boundary AA, an imaginary plane B, a boundary BB, and an imaginary edge line AB'.
The imaginary plane a corresponds to a plane obtained by extending the
In the case shown in fig. 3, the
In fig. 3, the imaginary plane a and the imaginary plane B are respectively shown in the form of lines, and the boundary AA, the boundary BB, and the imaginary ridgeline AB' are all shown in the form of points.
Although fig. 1 to 3 show the case where the
As in the case shown in fig. 3, in the case shown in fig. 4 and 5, too, the
In other words, all cases shown in fig. 3 to 5 are included in the "case where the rake face and the flank face are continuous with each other with the cutting edge face located therebetween".
In the case where the
The cutting
In contrast, the case where the
In the case shown in fig. 6, the
Although the shape of the
< coating film >
The "coating film" according to the present embodiment means a film that covers at least a part of the rake face and at least a part of the flank face in the base material. This is within the scope of the present embodiment even if the composition is partially different in a part of the base material.
The thickness of the coating is preferably 6.5 μm to 14 μm, and more preferably 8 μm to 11 μm. Herein, the "thickness of the coating film" refers to a layer constituting the coating film (e.g., TiCN layer, Al described below)2O3Layer and any other layers). The thickness of the coating can be measured by measuring the cross section of the surface-coated cutting tool at a magnification of 1000 times using, for example, an optical microscope. Specifically, the thickness may be obtained by measuring any three points in the cross section and averaging the thicknesses of the measured three points. For TiCN layer, Al, described below2O3The same applies to the measurement of the thickness of each of the layer and any other layer.
The coating includes a TiCN layer. "TiCN layer" refers to a layer made of TiCN. The TiCN layer may contain inevitable impurities within a range that does not impair the effects obtained by the surface-coated cutting tool according to the present embodiment. The same applies to "any other layer" described below.
The thickness of the TiCN layer is preferably 6 μm to 10 μm, and more preferably 7 μm to 9 μm. For example, the thickness of the TiCN layer can be measured by measuring the cross section of the surface-coated cutting tool at a magnification of 1000 times using an optical microscope.
The coating film may further include any other layer within a range not to impair the effects of the present embodiment. Examples of any other layer include TiN layer, TiBNO layer, TiCNO layer, TiB2Layer, TiAlN layer, TiAlCN layer, TiAlON layer, TiAlONC layer and Al2O3And (3) a layer. Further, there is no particular limitation on the stacking order of these layers. That is, the TiCN layer may be the outermost layer in the coating film.
In the coating film according to the present embodiment, Al may be provided on the TiCN layer2O3And (3) a layer. The expression "providing Al on the TiCN layer2O3Layer "means that only the upper side of the TiCN layer needs to be provided with Al2O3Layers and no contact between these layers is required. In other words, it is possible to form a TiCN layer and Al2O3Any other layers are disposed between the layers. In addition, in the coating film, may beDirectly arranging Al on the TiCN layer2O3And (3) a layer. Al (Al)2O3The thickness of the layer is preferably 0.5 μm to 4 μm, more preferably 0.5 μm to 3 μm, and still more preferably 1 μm to 2 μm. Al can be measured by measuring the cross section of the surface-coated cutting tool at a magnification of 1000 times, for example, using an optical microscope2O3The thickness of the layer.
< orientation of TiCN layer in region d1 of rake face >
In the surface-coated cutting tool according to the present embodiment, the TiCN layer has a (422) orientation in the region d1 of the
In the case of "the
In contrast, in the case of "the
In this embodiment, in addition to the region d1, the TiCN layer may also have a (422) orientation in other regions of the rake face than the
The expression "the TiCN layer has (422) orientation" means that, in the texture coefficient TC (hkl) defined by the following equation (1), the texture coefficient TC (422) of the (422) plane in the TiCN layer is larger than that of any other crystal orientation plane. In other words, this means that the texture coefficient TC (422) is the largest among those of the other crystal orientation planes. In this equation, I (hkl) and I (h)xkylz) Respectively, the measured diffraction intensities of the (hkl) plane and (h)xkylz) Measured diffraction intensity of the surface. I iso(hkl) represents the diffraction standard according to powderAverage values of powder diffraction intensities of TiC (card No. 32-1383) at the (hkl) plane and TiN (card No. 38-1420) at the (hkl) plane in the Joint Committee database (JCPDS database). I iso(hxkylz) Representing (h) according to JCPDS databasexkylz) Powder diffraction intensity of TiC (card number 32-1383) of the surface and (h)xkylz) Average value of powder diffraction intensities of TiN (card No. 38-1420) of the face. (hkl) and (h)xkylz) Each represents any one of eight surfaces including a (111) surface, a (200) surface, a (220) surface, a (311) surface, a (331) surface, a (420) surface, a (422) surface, and a (511) surface ".
[ mathematical formula 2]
The texture coefficient tc (hkl) can be obtained by, for example, X-ray diffraction measurement performed under the following conditions. Specifically, when the base material 1 (i.e., the cutting tool 10) has a sharp edge shape as shown in fig. 6, X-ray diffraction measurement is performed on any three points in the region D1 between the ridge line AB and the imaginary line D1 spaced 500 μm from the ridge line AB, and the average of the texture coefficients of the (hkl) plane obtained at these three points according to the above equation (1) is taken as the texture coefficient tc (hkl) in the region D1 of the
(conditions for X-ray diffraction measurement)
X-ray output: 45kV and 200mA
The X-ray source, wavelength CuK α,
a detector: D/teX Ultra 250
Scanning shaft: 2 theta/theta
Longitudinally limiting slit width: 2.0mm
Scanning mode: CONTINUOUS
Scanning speed: 20 DEG/min
Here, the diffraction intensity of the X-ray is calculated from the integrated intensity measurement.
The (422) texture coefficient in the region d1 of the rake face is preferably 3 or more, and more preferably 4 or more.
< orientation of TiCN layer in region d2 of flank face >
In the surface-coated cutting tool according to the present embodiment, the TiCN layer has the (311) orientation in the region d2 of the
Here, in the case of "the
In contrast, in the case of "the
In this embodiment, in addition to region d2, the TiCN layer may also have a (311) orientation in other regions in the flank surface than region d 2. For example, the TiCN layer may have (311) orientation in the entire flank face.
The expression "the TiCN layer has (311) orientation" means that, among the texture coefficients TC (hkl) defined by the above equation (1), the texture coefficient TC (311) of the (311) plane in the TiCN layer is larger than that of any other crystal orientation plane. In other words, this means that the texture coefficient TC (311) is the largest among those of the other crystal orientation planes. The above texture coefficient tc (hkl) can be obtained by a method similar to that described in the above < orientation of TiCN layer in the region d1 of the rake face >.
That is, in the case of "the
In contrast, in the case of "the
Hereinafter, the texture coefficient in the region d2 of the flank face is referred to as "TCflank(hkl) "and the like.
The texture coefficient (311) in the region d2 of the flank face is preferably 3 or more, and more preferably 4 or more.
In the present embodiment, in the region d2 of the flank face, the ratio TC of the (311) texture coefficient to the (422) texture coefficientflank(311)/TCflank(422) Preferably greater than 1, more preferably 1.2 or greater, and still more preferably 1.5 or greater. Here, when TCflank(422) Is zero and TCflank(311) When more than zero, TCflank(311)/TCflank(422) Determined to be greater than 1. TC (tungsten carbide)flank(311)/TCflank(422) Above 1, the effect according to the present embodiment is achieved.
In this embodiment, the ratio TC of the (422) texture coefficient in the region d2 of the flank face to the (422) texture coefficient in the region d1 of the rake faceflank(422)/TCrake(422) Preferably 1 or less, more preferably 0.8 or less, and still more preferably 0.7 or less. TC (tungsten carbide)flank(422)/TCrake(422) At 1 or less, the effects according to the present embodiment are achieved。
Method for producing surface-coated cutting tool
A method of manufacturing a surface-coated cutting tool according to the present embodiment is a method of manufacturing the above-described surface-coated cutting tool, the method including:
a substrate preparation step of preparing a substrate;
a TiCN layer coating step of coating at least a part of the rake face and at least a part of the flank face with a TiCN layer; and
a shot blasting step of shot blasting the TiCN layer in the flank face,
wherein the TiCN layer coating step is performed by chemical vapor deposition and includes discontinuously supplying a raw material gas of the TiCN layer. The steps will be described below.
< step of preparing substrate >
In the substrate preparation step, a substrate is prepared. The substrate may be any substrate generally known as a substrate of this type, as described above. For example, when the base material is made of cemented carbide, first, raw material powders having a mixture composition (mass%) shown in table 1 below are uniformly mixed using a commercially available milling machine, and then the powder mixture is compression-molded into a predetermined shape (e.g., CNMG120408 NUX). Subsequently, the compact of the raw material powder is sintered at 1300 ℃ to 1500 ℃ or less for 1 to 2 hours in a predetermined sintering furnace, thereby obtaining a base material made of cemented carbide.
< TiCN layer coating step >
In the TiCN layer coating step, at least a portion of the rake face and at least a portion of the flank face are coated with a TiCN layer.
Here, "at least a part of the rake face" is an area in the
In one aspect of the present embodiment, the "at least a portion of the rake face" is an area in the
A method of coating at least a portion of a rake surface and at least a portion of a flank surface with a TiCN layer is performed by Chemical Vapor Deposition (CVD), and includes discontinuously supplying a raw material gas of the TiCN layer to form the TiCN layer. That is, the TiCN layer coating step is performed by chemical vapor deposition, and includes discontinuously supplying a raw material gas of the TiCN layer.
Specifically, first, TiCl is mixed4、CH3CN、N2And H2Used as a raw material gas. For example, the mixing amounts are as follows: TiCl (titanium dioxide)4In an amount of 2 to 10 vol%, CH3The amount of CN is 0.4 to 2.5 vol%, N2In an amount of 15% by volume, the balance being H2。
The temperature in the reaction chamber during the reaction by CVD is preferably 800 to 850 ℃.
The pressure in the reaction chamber during the reaction by CVD is preferably 6kPa to 7kPa, and more preferably 6kPa to 6.7 kPa.
The total gas flow rate during the reaction by CVD is preferably 80L/min to 120L/min, and more preferably 80L/min to 100L/min.
An example of a method of discontinuously supplying the raw material gas is to alternately supply the raw material gas and H at predetermined time intervals2Gas (100 body)Volume%). More specifically, the supply of the source gas is stopped every 15 minutes, and H equal in volume to the source gas is supplied2Gas for 1 minute. Thus, the TiCN is atomized, which makes it possible to form a TiCN layer that is more likely to be changed to have an orientation of (311) by shot blasting.
Any other layers, such as Al, may be stacked after forming the TiCN layer2O3And (3) a layer.
< shot blasting step >
In the shot blasting step, the TiCN layer of the flank face is shot-blasted. "shot blasting" refers to a process of colliding (projecting) a large amount of small balls (media) of steel, nonferrous metals, etc. with the surface of a flank face, etc. at high speed to change the properties of the surface such as orientation and compressive stress. In the present embodiment, the shot peening of the flank face reduces the proportion of the (422) face in the TiCN layer of the flank face, and increases the proportion of the (311) face. Therefore, the TiCN layer has higher toughness and has excellent defect resistance. The medium may be projected by any means as long as the orientation of the TiCN layer is changed, and the medium may be projected directly onto the TiCN layer or onto any other layer disposed on the TiCN layer (e.g., Al2O3Layer) on the substrate. The projection may be performed by any means as long as the medium is projected on the area d2 of the flank surface, for example, the medium may be projected on the entire flank surface.
A distance between the projection unit of the projection medium and the surface of the flank face or the like (hereinafter, also referred to as "projection distance") is preferably 80mm to 120mm, and more preferably 80mm to 100 mm.
The pressure applied to the medium at the time of projection (hereinafter, also referred to as "projection pressure") is preferably 0.1 to 0.5MPa, and more preferably 0.1 to 0.3 MPa.
The treatment time of the shot blast is preferably 10 seconds to 60 seconds, and more preferably 10 seconds to 30 seconds.
Various conditions of the shot blasting can be appropriately adjusted according to the composition of the coating film.
< other steps >
In the manufacturing method according to the present embodiment, in addition to the above steps, another step may be appropriately performed as long as the effect of shot peening is not impaired.
This embodiment preferably further comprises Al2O3A layer stacking step in which Al is added after the TiCN layer coating step or the shot blasting step2O3The layers are stacked on top of a TiCN layer. For example when stacking Al by CVD2O3When layers are used, the layers may be stacked as described below. Firstly, the AlCl is added3、HCl、CO2、H2S and H2Used as a raw material gas. For example, the mixing amount may be as follows: AlCl3In an amount of 1.6 vol%, HCl in an amount of 3.5 vol%, CO2In an amount of 4.5 vol%, H2The amount of S is 0.2 vol%, and the balance is H2。
The CVD conditions at this time were 1000 ℃ C, 6.7kPa, and the gas flow rate (total gas amount) was 56.3L/min.
When any other layer is formed as described above, the layer can be formed by a conventional method.
< accompanying notes >
The above description includes the embodiments listed below.
(attached note 1)
A surface-coated cutting tool comprising: a base material and a coating film for coating the base material, wherein
The base material includes a rake face, a flank face, and a cutting edge portion connecting the rake face and the flank face to each other,
the coating film comprises a TiCN layer,
the TiCN layer has a (422) orientation in region D1, region D1 is a region in the rake face and between the ridge line, which is the ridge line at the intersection between the rake face and the flank face, and an imaginary line D1, which is the line D1 that is 500 μm away from the ridge line, and
the TiCN layer has (311) orientation in region D2, region D2 is the region in the flank face and is between the ridge line and the imaginary line D2, the imaginary line D2 being 500 μm from the ridge line.
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