Autonomous high-frequency QRS wave group analysis device and analysis method
阅读说明：本技术 自主高频qrs波群分析装置及分析方法 (Autonomous high-frequency QRS wave group analysis device and analysis method ) 是由 黄庆玺 阿米尔·贝克 于 2020-06-30 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明实施例涉及医疗仪器技术领域,具体公开了一种自主高频QRS波群分析装置及一种自主高频QRS波群分析方法。所述自主高频QRS波群分析装置包括：信号获取模块、信号预处理模块、起搏脉冲过滤模块、自主QRS波群检测模块、起搏QRS波群检测模块、起搏QRS波群过滤模块、自主QRS波群提取模块以及自主高频QRS波群提取分析模块。本发明实施例的自主高频QRS波群分析装置及方法可以有效避免起搏QRS波群与起搏脉冲对起搏心电信号分析的干扰。(The embodiment of the invention relates to the technical field of medical instruments, and particularly discloses an autonomous high-frequency QRS complex analysis device and an autonomous high-frequency QRS complex analysis method. The autonomous high-frequency QRS complex analysis device comprises: the system comprises a signal acquisition module, a signal preprocessing module, a pacing pulse filtering module, an autonomous QRS complex detection module, a pacing QRS complex filtering module, an autonomous QRS complex extraction module and an autonomous high-frequency QRS complex extraction and analysis module. The autonomous high-frequency QRS complex analysis device and method provided by the embodiment of the invention can effectively avoid the interference of pacing QRS complexes and pacing pulses on pacing electrocardiosignal analysis.)
1. An autonomous high frequency QRS complex analysis apparatus, comprising:
the signal acquisition module is used for acquiring pacing electrocardiosignals;
the signal preprocessing module is used for preprocessing the pace-making electrocardiosignal so as to eliminate noise in the pace-making electrocardiosignal to obtain a first intermediate signal;
the pace-making pulse filtering module is used for detecting and filtering pace-making pulses in the first intermediate signals to obtain second intermediate signals;
an autonomous QRS complex detection module configured to detect an autonomous QRS complex in the second intermediate signal;
a pacing QRS complex detection module for detecting a pacing QRS complex in the second intermediate signal according to the autonomous QRS complex;
a pacing QRS complex filtering module, configured to filter the pacing QRS complex in the second intermediate signal to obtain a third intermediate signal;
an autonomous QRS complex extraction module for extracting the autonomous QRS complex in the third intermediate signal; and
and the autonomous high-frequency QRS complex extraction and analysis module is used for extracting and analyzing the autonomous high-frequency QRS complex with the frequency of the autonomous QRS complex between 150HZ and 250 HZ.
2. The autonomous high frequency QRS complex analysis device as defined in claim 1, further comprising a wave locating module for locating an R wave and a next S wave adjacent to said R wave.
3. The autonomous high frequency QRS complex analysis device as defined in claim 1, wherein said autonomous QRS complex detection module stores an initial threshold, a secondary threshold and a tertiary threshold for detecting said autonomous QRS complex in said second intermediate signal.
4. An autonomous high frequency QRS complex analysis device as claimed in claim 1, wherein said signal preprocessing module comprises a difference filter and a sliding weight filter, said difference filter and said sliding weight filter being adapted to filter said paced cardiac signal to remove said noise present in said paced cardiac signal to obtain said first intermediate signal.
5. The autonomous high frequency QRS complex analysis device as defined in claim 1, wherein said signal preprocessing module comprises a recursive digital filter having a linear phase, said recursive digital filter having a linear phase being configured to filter said paced electrocardiographic signal to remove said noise present in said paced electrocardiographic signal to obtain said first intermediate signal.
6. An autonomous high frequency QRS complex analysis device as claimed in claim 1, wherein said pacing pulse filtering module comprises a pacing pulse detection unit and a pacing pulse cancellation unit.
7. An autonomous high frequency QRS complex analysis device as claimed in claim 6, wherein said pacing pulse detecting unit comprises a set of single-chip microcomputers with edge enhancement algorithm and a pacing pulse detecting circuit electrically connected to said single-chip microcomputers, said single-chip microcomputers are used for edge enhancement of said first intermediate signals to obtain fourth intermediate signals, said pacing pulse detecting circuit is used for detecting said pacing pulses in said fourth intermediate signals.
8. An autonomous high frequency QRS complex analysis device as claimed in claim 7, wherein said pacing pulse cancellation unit comprises a pacing pulse suppression circuit electrically connected to said pacing pulse detection circuit for filtering out said pacing pulses in said fourth intermediate signal to obtain said second intermediate signal.
9. The autonomous high-frequency QRS complex analysis device as defined in claim 1, further comprising a communication module for communicating with an external electrocardiographic signal acquisition device to acquire paced electrocardiographic signals acquired by said external electrocardiographic signal acquisition device.
10. The autonomous high-frequency QRS complex analysis device as defined in claim 1, wherein a signal amplifier is further disposed between said signal acquisition module and said signal preprocessing module, said signal amplifier being configured to amplify said paced electrocardiographic signal.
11. An autonomous high-frequency QRS complex analysis method is characterized by comprising the following steps:
acquiring a pacing electrocardiosignal;
preprocessing the pace-making electrocardiosignal to eliminate noise in the pace-making electrocardiosignal to obtain a first intermediate signal;
detecting and filtering the pacing pulse in the first intermediate signal to obtain a second intermediate signal;
detecting an autonomous QRS complex in the second intermediate signal;
detecting a paced QRS complex in the second intermediate signal from the autonomous QRS complex;
filtering the paced QRS complexes in the second intermediate signal to obtain a third intermediate signal;
extracting the autonomous QRS complex in the third intermediate signal; and
extracting and analyzing autonomous high frequency QRS complexes with frequencies between 150HZ-250HZ of said autonomous QRS complexes.
12. The method of analyzing an autonomous high frequency QRS complex as defined in claim 11, wherein said pre-processing said paced cardiac electrical signal to remove noise present in said paced cardiac electrical signal to obtain a first intermediate signal includes: and filtering the pace-making electrocardiosignal to eliminate the noise in the pace-making electrocardiosignal to obtain the first intermediate signal.
13. The method of autonomous high frequency QRS complex analysis of claim 11, wherein said filtering the pacing pulses in said first intermediate signal to obtain a second intermediate signal specifically comprises: performing edge enhancement on the first intermediate signal to obtain a fourth intermediate signal; detecting the pacing pulse in the fourth intermediate signal; and filtering the pacing pulse in the fourth intermediate signal to obtain the second intermediate signal.
14. The autonomous high frequency QRS complex analysis method as defined in claim 11, further comprising: communicating with an external electrocardiosignal acquisition device to acquire paced electrocardiosignals acquired by the external electrocardiosignal acquisition device.
15. An autonomic high frequency QRS complex analysis method as in claim 11 further comprising, prior to said preprocessing said paced cardiac signal to remove noise present in said paced cardiac signal to obtain a first intermediate signal: and amplifying the pace-making electrocardiosignal.
16. The method of autonomous high frequency QRS complex analysis as defined in claim 11, wherein said detecting the autonomous QRS complex in said second intermediate signal specifically comprises: positioning any R wave and the next S wave adjacent to the R wave within a certain time length, taking the wave peak value of the R wave and the wave valley value of the S wave, calculating the absolute value of the difference value between the wave peak value and the wave valley value, and carrying out primary detection by taking 60% of the absolute value of the difference value as an initial threshold value and taking the R wave as a detection starting point to detect the autonomous QRS wave group.
17. The method of autonomous high frequency QRS complex analysis as defined in claim 16, wherein said detecting the autonomous QRS complex in the second intermediate signal further comprises: and if the autonomous QRS complex is not detected by the primary detection, performing secondary detection by taking 50% of the absolute value of the difference as a secondary threshold and taking the R wave as a detection starting point to detect the autonomous QRS complex.
18. The method of autonomous high frequency QRS complex analysis as defined in claim 17, wherein said detecting the autonomous QRS complex in the second intermediate signal further comprises: and if the autonomous QRS complex is not detected by the secondary detection, detecting by taking 40% of the absolute value of the difference as a tertiary threshold and taking the R wave as a detection starting point so as to detect the autonomous QRS complex.
19. An autonomous high frequency QRS complex analysis method as claimed in claim 17 or 18, wherein each time one of said autonomous QRS complexes is detected, the next two waves adjacent thereto are skipped for detection.
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of medical instruments, in particular to a medical instrument for extracting and analyzing paced electrocardiosignals, and specifically relates to an autonomous high-frequency QRS complex analysis device and an autonomous high-frequency QRS complex analysis method.
Background
Paced electrocardiograms are electrocardiographic representations formed by the pacer's time intervals, special functions, and various parameter settings acting on the pacemaker patient's own heart rhythm. Because the formation of the pacing electrocardiogram involves the comprehensive action of various factors, the performance of the pacing electrocardiogram is varied, and in the actual acquisition and analysis, the pacing pulse and the pacing QRS wave group thereof often interfere with the analysis result, thereby covering diseases such as myocardial ischemia.
With the economic development of society and the continuous improvement of living standard of material culture, the average life of people in the world is improved to 71.4 years, and the average life of people in China is improved to 76.1 years in 2016 from 45 years in 1949. The increase of the human-average life span is the centralized embodiment of the development and progress of human science and technology, especially medical science and medical technology. From statistics data of many years, people can clearly understand that cardiovascular diseases are the most serious factors threatening human life, especially, bradycardia or cardiac function conduction disorder are caused by degeneration or loss of cardiac function, and serious people can directly cause human body to lose physiological function and enter death state. Currently, the most effective method for solving the above problems is to install an implantable cardiac pacemaker in the heart to maintain the effective beating of the heart. An implantable cardiac pacemaker (hereinafter referred to as pacemaker) is a medical electronic instrument which delivers electrical pulses according to a prescribed program and stimulates the heart through a lead and electrodes to make it beat, so as to treat some serious arrhythmias, such as sinus node dysfunction, atrioventricular block, paroxysmal tachycardia and the like. The pacemaker effectively solves the above symptoms caused by the degeneration of the cardiac function, ensures the survival and life quality of people and greatly prolongs the service life of people.
The pacemaker is used as an active medical electronic device, and the pacing and sensing functions of the pacemaker must be effectively evaluated after a period of use; the current mainstream evaluation method is to use the dynamic electrocardiogram system to monitor the electrocardiogram activity of the pacemaker in a physiological cycle of a human body. However, the pace-making pulse carried by the pacemaker and the pace-making QRS complex cause too much noise doped in the acquired electrocardiosignals, so that corresponding information in the autonomous electrocardiosignals is covered, and most of the analysis aiming at the pace-making electrocardiosignals can be analyzed after monitoring, which is very inconvenient for the heart monitoring of patients.
Therefore, it is urgently needed to provide a technical solution to solve the above technical problems in the prior art.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the above-mentioned shortcomings of the prior art, the present invention aims to provide an autonomous high-frequency QRS complex analysis apparatus and an autonomous high-frequency QRS complex analysis method, which are used to solve the technical problem of the prior art that pacing pulses and pacing QRS complexes interfere with the autonomous QRS complex analysis.
To achieve the above and other related objects, an embodiment of the present invention provides an autonomous high frequency QRS complex analysis apparatus, including:
the signal acquisition module is used for acquiring pacing electrocardiosignals;
the signal preprocessing module is used for preprocessing the pace-making electrocardiosignal so as to eliminate noise in the pace-making electrocardiosignal to obtain a first intermediate signal;
the pace-making pulse filtering module is used for detecting and filtering pace-making pulses in the first intermediate signals to obtain second intermediate signals;
an autonomous QRS complex detection module configured to detect an autonomous QRS complex in the second intermediate signal;
a pacing QRS complex detection module for detecting a pacing QRS complex in the second intermediate signal according to the autonomous QRS complex;
a pacing QRS complex filtering module, configured to filter the pacing QRS complex in the second intermediate signal to obtain a third intermediate signal;
an autonomous QRS complex extraction module for extracting the autonomous QRS complex in the third intermediate signal; and
and the autonomous high-frequency QRS complex extraction and analysis module is used for extracting and analyzing the autonomous high-frequency QRS complex with the frequency of the autonomous QRS complex between 150HZ and 250 HZ.
In one embodiment of the present invention, the autonomous high frequency QRS complex analysis apparatus further comprises a wave locating module for locating an R wave and a next S wave adjacent to the R wave.
In one embodiment of the invention, the autonomous QRS complex detection module stores an initial threshold, a secondary threshold and a tertiary threshold for detecting the autonomous QRS complex in the second intermediate signal.
In an embodiment of the present invention, the signal preprocessing module includes a difference filter and a sliding weighting filter, where the difference filter and the sliding weighting filter are used to filter the paced electrocardiographic signal to eliminate noise present in the paced electrocardiographic signal to obtain the first intermediate signal.
In an embodiment of the present invention, the signal preprocessing module includes a recursive digital filter with a linear phase, and the recursive digital filter with a linear phase is configured to filter the paced cardiac signal to eliminate noise present in the paced cardiac signal to obtain the first intermediate signal.
In one embodiment of the invention, the pace pulse filter module includes a pace pulse detection unit and a pace pulse elimination unit.
In an embodiment of the present invention, the pace pulse detection unit includes a group of singlechips written with an edge enhancement algorithm, and a pace pulse detection circuit electrically connected to the singlechips, where the singlechips are configured to perform edge enhancement on the first intermediate signal to obtain a fourth intermediate signal, and the pace pulse detection circuit is configured to detect the pace pulse in the fourth intermediate signal.
In one embodiment of the present invention, the pace pulse elimination unit includes a pace pulse suppression circuit electrically connected to the pace pulse detection circuit for filtering the pace pulse in the fourth intermediate signal to obtain the second intermediate signal.
In an embodiment of the present invention, the autonomous high-frequency QRS complex analysis apparatus further includes a communication module, configured to communicate with an external electrocardiographic signal acquisition apparatus to acquire a paced electrocardiographic signal acquired by the external electrocardiographic signal acquisition apparatus.
In an embodiment of the present invention, a signal amplifier is further disposed between the signal acquiring module and the signal preprocessing module, and the signal amplifier is configured to amplify the paced electrocardiographic signal.
On the other hand, the embodiment of the invention also provides an autonomous high-frequency QRS complex analysis method, which comprises the following steps:
acquiring a pacing electrocardiosignal;
preprocessing the pace-making electrocardiosignal to eliminate noise in the pace-making electrocardiosignal to obtain a first intermediate signal;
detecting and filtering the pacing pulse in the first intermediate signal to obtain a second intermediate signal;
detecting an autonomous QRS complex in the second intermediate signal;
detecting a paced QRS complex in the second intermediate signal from the autonomous QRS complex;
filtering the paced QRS complexes in the second intermediate signal to obtain a third intermediate signal;
extracting the autonomous QRS complex in the third intermediate signal; and
extracting and analyzing autonomous high frequency QRS complexes with frequencies between 150HZ-250HZ of said autonomous QRS complexes.
In an embodiment of the present invention, the step of preprocessing the paced electrocardiographic signal to eliminate noise present in the paced electrocardiographic signal to obtain a first intermediate signal specifically includes: and filtering the pace-making electrocardiosignal to eliminate the noise in the pace-making electrocardiosignal to obtain the first intermediate signal.
In an embodiment of the present invention, the filtering the pacing pulse in the first intermediate signal to obtain the second intermediate signal specifically includes: performing edge enhancement on the first intermediate signal to obtain a fourth intermediate signal; detecting the pacing pulse in the fourth intermediate signal; and filtering the pacing pulse in the fourth intermediate signal to obtain the second intermediate signal.
In one embodiment of the present invention, the autonomous high frequency QRS complex analysis method further comprises: communicating with an external electrocardiosignal acquisition device to acquire paced electrocardiosignals acquired by the external electrocardiosignal acquisition device.
In an embodiment of the present invention, before the preprocessing the paced cardiac signal to eliminate noise present in the paced cardiac signal to obtain a first intermediate signal, the method further includes: and amplifying the pace-making electrocardiosignal.
In an embodiment of the present invention, said detecting the autonomous QRS complex in the second intermediate signal specifically comprises: positioning any R wave and the next S wave adjacent to the R wave within a certain time length, taking the wave peak value of the R wave and the wave valley value of the S wave, calculating the absolute value of the difference value between the wave peak value and the wave valley value, and carrying out primary detection by taking 60% of the absolute value of the difference value as an initial threshold value and taking the R wave as a detection starting point to detect the autonomous QRS wave group.
In an embodiment of the present invention, the detecting the autonomous QRS complex in the second intermediate signal specifically further includes: and if the autonomous QRS complex is not detected by the primary detection, performing secondary detection by taking 50% of the absolute value of the difference as a secondary threshold and taking the R wave as a detection starting point to detect the autonomous QRS complex.
In an embodiment of the present invention, the detecting the autonomous QRS complex in the second intermediate signal specifically further includes: and if the autonomous QRS complex is not detected by the secondary detection, detecting by taking 40% of the absolute value of the difference as a tertiary threshold and taking the R wave as a detection starting point so as to detect the autonomous QRS complex.
In one embodiment of the invention, each time one of said autonomous QRS complexes is detected, the next two waves adjacent thereto are skipped for detection.
The foregoing embodiments of the present invention provide an autonomous high-frequency QRS complex analysis apparatus and analysis method, which can effectively avoid the interference of pacing pulses and pacing QRS complexes of a pacemaker to pacing electrocardiographic signals, and can effectively avoid the interference of the pacing QRS complexes and pacing pulses to pacing electrocardiographic signal analysis by filtering the pacing pulses, distinguishing the pacing QRS complexes from the autonomous QRS complexes, and extracting only the autonomous high-frequency QRS complexes with the frequency of 150HZ to 250HZ for analysis, and at the same time, analyzing the autonomous QRS complexes with higher frequencies, which is more helpful for finding cardiac problems existing therein.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the drawings needed to be used in the description of the embodiments are briefly introduced below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious for those skilled in the art to obtain other drawings based on these drawings without creative efforts.
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of an autonomous high-frequency QRS complex analysis apparatus 10 according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a flowchart illustrating an autonomous high-frequency QRS
Detailed Description
Reference will now be made in detail to embodiments of the present general inventive concept, examples of which are illustrated in the accompanying drawings, wherein like reference numerals refer to the like elements throughout. The embodiments are described below in order to explain the present general inventive concept by referring to the figures.
Before any embodiments of the invention are explained in detail, it is to be understood that the invention is not limited in its application to the details of construction and the arrangement of components set forth in the following description or illustrated in the following drawings.
Advantages and features of the present invention and methods of accomplishing the same may be understood more readily by reference to the following detailed description and the accompanying drawings. The present general inventive concept may, however, be embodied in many different forms and should not be construed as limited to the embodiments set forth herein. Rather, these embodiments are provided so that this disclosure will be thorough and complete and will fully convey the general inventive concept to those skilled in the art, and the present general inventive concept is defined by the appended claims.
Also, the phraseology and terminology used in this document is for the purpose of description and should not be regarded as limiting. The use of the terms "a" and "an" and "the" and similar referents in the context of describing the invention (especially in the context of the following claims) is to be construed to cover both the singular and the plural, unless otherwise indicated herein or clearly contradicted by context. The terms "comprising," "having," "including," and "containing" are to be construed as open-ended terms (i.e., meaning "including, but not limited to,") unless otherwise noted.
Likewise, the term "component" or "module" as used herein means, but is not limited to, a software or hardware component.
Unless defined otherwise, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this invention belongs. In addition, unless otherwise defined, all terms defined in commonly used dictionaries shall have their ordinary meaning. It is noted that the use of any and all examples, or exemplary terminology provided herein is intended merely to better illuminate the general inventive concept and does not pose a limitation on the scope of the invention unless otherwise claimed.
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
The following detailed description is provided to assist the reader in obtaining a thorough understanding of the methods, devices, and/or systems described herein. However, various changes, modifications, and equivalents of the methods, apparatus, and/or systems described herein will be apparent to those of ordinary skill in the art after a complete understanding of the present disclosure. The order of operations described herein is merely an example, and is not limited to those examples set forth herein, except as operations that must occur in a particular order, but may be varied as would be apparent to one of ordinary skill in the art. In addition, descriptions of functions and constructions well-known to those of ordinary skill in the art may be omitted for clarity and conciseness.
The features described herein may be embodied in different forms and should not be construed as limited to the examples described herein. Rather, the examples described herein have been provided so that this disclosure will be thorough and complete, and will convey the full scope of the disclosure to those skilled in the art.
Referring to fig. 1, an embodiment of the invention discloses an autonomous high-frequency QRS complex analysis apparatus 10, where the high-frequency QRS complex analysis apparatus 10 mainly includes a signal acquisition module 11, a signal preprocessing module 12, a pacing pulse filtering module 13, an autonomous QRS complex detection module 14, a pacing QRS complex detection module 15, a pacing QRS complex filtering module 16, an autonomous QRS complex extraction module 17, and an autonomous high-frequency QRS complex extraction and analysis module 18.
The signal acquiring module 11 is configured to acquire a pacing electrocardiograph signal. In particular, the signal acquisition module 11 may for example comprise at least one ECG lead system to transmit paced cardiac electrical signals into the autonomous high frequency QRS complex analysis apparatus 10. Through the signal acquisition module 11, the autonomous high-frequency QRS complex analysis device 10 can effectively acquire electrocardiographic signals, such as paced electrocardiographic signals.
In the embodiment of the present invention, the signal preprocessing module 12 is in communication with the signal acquiring module 11, and is configured to preprocess the pacing electrocardiographic signal to eliminate noise present in the pacing electrocardiographic signal to obtain a first intermediate signal. Specifically, the signal preprocessing module 12 includes, for example, a differential filter and a sliding weight filter. The pace-making electrocardiographic signals preliminarily acquired by the signal acquisition module 11 are processed by the differential filter and the sliding weighting filter of the signal preprocessing module 12, so that the pace-making electrocardiographic signals can be effectively filtered, and noises in the pace-making electrocardiographic signals are eliminated to obtain first intermediate signals. In other embodiments, the signal preprocessing module 12 may further include a recursive digital filter with a linear phase to filter the paced cardiac signal, so as to eliminate noise present in the paced cardiac signal to obtain a first intermediate signal.
In an embodiment of the present invention, the pace pulse filter module 13 is in communication with the signal preprocessing module 12 for detecting and filtering the pace pulses in the first intermediate signal to obtain the second intermediate signal. Specifically, the pacing pulse filtering module 13 includes, for example, a pacing pulse detecting unit and a pacing pulse eliminating unit. Further, the pace pulse detection unit includes, for example, a group of single chip microcomputers (not shown in the figure) written with the edge enhancement algorithm and a pace pulse detection circuit (not shown in the figure) electrically connected to the single chip microcomputers. The input first intermediate signal is subjected to edge enhancement through a singlechip written with an edge enhancement algorithm to obtain a fourth intermediate signal, and the fourth intermediate signal is subjected to a pacing pulse detection circuit to detect a pacing pulse contained in the fourth intermediate signal. In an embodiment of the present invention, the pace pulse elimination unit may include, for example, a pace pulse suppression circuit (not shown in the figure), the pace pulse suppression circuit is electrically connected to the pace pulse detection circuit, and the fourth intermediate signal is filtered by the pace pulse elimination unit to filter out the pace pulse contained therein to obtain a second intermediate signal, so as to eliminate, for example, the pace pulse interference of the cardiac pacemaker itself, thereby facilitating subsequent further analysis.
Further, the high-frequency QRS complex analysis apparatus 10 may further include, for example, a communication module (not shown in the drawings), and the communication module may, for example, directly communicate with some external implantable or non-implantable electrocardiographic signal acquisition apparatuses, such as a cardiac pacemaker, in this case, the paced electrocardiographic signal acquired by the electrocardiographic signal acquisition apparatus may be acquired instead of the paced electrocardiographic signal acquired by the signal acquisition module 11 for analysis, that is, the high-frequency QRS complex analysis apparatus may be applied to an application scenario that requires external introduction of the paced electrocardiographic signal for analysis.
In the embodiment of the present invention, for example, a signal amplifier (not shown in the figure) may be further disposed between the signal obtaining module 11 and the signal preprocessing module 12, and the obtained paced electrocardiographic signal is amplified by the signal amplifier, so that the subsequent further analysis is facilitated by amplifying the obtained paced electrocardiographic signal.
The autonomous QRS complex detection module 14 is for example configured to detect an autonomous QRS complex in said second intermediate signal.
Further, the high frequency QRS complex analysis apparatus 10 may further comprise, for example, a wave localization module (not shown in the figures) for localizing the R wave and the next S wave adjacent to the R wave, which is disposed, for example, between the pacing pulse filtering module 13 and the autonomous QRS complex detection module 14. The autonomous QRS complex detection module, for example, stores an initial threshold, a secondary threshold, and a tertiary threshold for detecting the autonomous QRS complex in the second intermediate signal.
Specifically, the autonomous QRS complex detection module 14 detects an autonomous QRS complex with the R wave as a detection start point, for example, by locating any one of the R wave and the next S wave adjacent to the R wave by the wave locating module within a certain time length, for example, 2S, by taking a peak value of the R wave and a valley value of the S wave, and calculating an absolute value of a difference value between the peak value and the valley value, and using 60% of the absolute value of the difference value as the initial threshold; in addition, in order to avoid that the autonomous QRS complex can not be detected due to the conditions of insufficient voltage of a pacemaker, poor pacing strength of a user and the like, after the detection is carried out by using the initial threshold value, if no autonomous QRS complex is detected, the absolute value of the difference value is adjusted to be 50% as the secondary threshold value, and the R wave is used as a detection starting point for detection; if no autonomous QRS complex is detected yet by using the secondary threshold, detecting by using 40% of the absolute value of the difference as the tertiary threshold. Meanwhile, in order to avoid detecting other interference waves such as T waves and P waves when the threshold percentage is low, when detecting with the secondary threshold and the tertiary threshold, every time one autonomous QRS complex is detected, the next two adjacent waves are skipped for detection. The position corresponding to the value of the amplitude greater than the threshold value in the second intermediate signal detected by the above method is the position of the autonomous QRS complex.
The pacing QRS complex detection module 15 is for example configured to detect a pacing QRS complex in the second intermediate signal from the autonomous QRS complex. Specifically, after the autonomous QRS complex detection module 14 detects the autonomous QRS complex, the pacing QRS complex detection module 15 may, for example, perform zero-valued processing on the autonomous QRS complex in the second intermediate signal, then perform smoothing processing on the signal obtained after zero-valued processing through, for example, 64-point average filtering, and then find the maximum value and the minimum value of the signal through signals within a certain time length, for example, 1 second, as in the detection of the autonomous QRS complex in the second intermediate signal after 64-point average filtering and drying, meanwhile, the threshold value for detecting the pacing QRS complex is set according to the maximum value and the minimum value of the signal for detection, for example, the maximum value is multiplied by 0.8, the minimum value is multiplied by 0.2 to be used as a threshold value for detecting the pacing QRS complex, and the position corresponding to the value of the signal obtained after 64-point average filtering and drying, which is larger than the threshold value, is the position of the pacing QRS complex.
The pacing QRS complex filtering module 16 is for example configured to filter the pacing QRS complex in the second intermediate signal to obtain a third intermediate signal. Specifically, for example, the paced QRS complex in the second intermediate signal is filtered according to the position of the paced QRS complex detected by the paced QRS complex detection module 15 to obtain the third intermediate signal. Detecting and filtering the paced QRS complex facilitates subsequent more accurate extraction of the autonomous QRS complex.
An autonomous QRS complex extraction module 17 is for example used to extract said autonomous QRS complex in said third intermediate signal. Specifically, the autonomous QRS complex in the third intermediate signal is extracted, for example, based on the position of the autonomous QRS complex detected by the autonomous QRS complex detection module 14 above. Therefore, the interference caused by pacing QRS complexes can be effectively avoided, and the problem that information such as myocardial ischemia is covered when the pacing QRS complexes exist in pacing electrocardiosignals is effectively solved.
In an embodiment of the present invention, the autonomous high frequency QRS complex extraction and analysis module 18 is for example configured to receive the autonomous QRS complex extracted by the autonomous QRS complex extraction module 17, extract and analyze the autonomous high frequency QRS complex with a frequency of 150HZ-250HZ of the autonomous QRS complex. In particular the analysis process calculates a first order index of the autonomous QRS complex from at least one high frequency range, for example for the autonomous high frequency QRS complex extraction analysis module 18, while deriving a second order index from the first order index, thereby providing quantification of the autonomous QRS complex. In particular, the autonomous high frequency QRS complex extraction analysis module 18 calculates a first order index from the autonomous QRS complexes of the high frequency range, the first order index preferably being a quantized value derived directly from the autonomous high frequency QRS complexes. The second order index is an overall quantification of the autonomous high frequency QRS complex(s) from which it was derived.
In an embodiment of the invention, the first order index may be, for example, a direct function of the autonomous high frequency QRS complex. In an alternative embodiment, the first order index may also be a statistical function of the autonomous high frequency QRS complexes, for example. Examples of first order indices include the following: RMS value of the autonomous high frequency QRS complex, standard deviation of the autonomous high frequency QRS complex, function of the envelope of the autonomous high frequency QRS complex, including maximum value of the envelope above one or more of the autonomous high frequency QRS complexes, width of the envelope of the plurality of autonomous high frequency QRS complexes, correlation values of the autonomous high frequency QRS complex and the template waveform, and deviation of any of these alternative values.
The second order index may be derived from the first order index. In one non-limiting embodiment, the second order index may be, for example, a moving average of the first order index. In other embodiments, the second order index may also be, for example, a ratio of a first order index obtained at one time and a first order index obtained at another, second time during a medical procedure (such as, but not limited to, stress testing, or patient monitoring). In general, the second-order index is a function of the first-order indices of one or more different leads obtained at one or more times during the medical procedure, with or without reference to the first-order indices of one or more different leads obtained at one or more times before and/or after the medical procedure. Through analysis of the autonomic high frequency QRS complex by extraction analysis module 16, problems can be identified that exist in the autonomic high frequency QRS complex such as myocardial ischemia.
In the embodiment of the present invention, the autonomous high-frequency QRS complex analyzing apparatus 10 may further include a display module (not shown), such as a display and a display screen, for example, the display module is connected to the autonomous high-frequency QRS complex extracting and analyzing module 18 for displaying the analysis result of the autonomous high-frequency QRS complex extracting and analyzing module 18, so as to provide the user with reading and understanding of the heart condition.
In the embodiment of the present invention, the high-frequency QRS complex analyzing apparatus 10 further includes an early warning module (not shown in the figure), for example, the early warning module is a buzzer, for example, the early warning module can issue an early warning according to the analysis result after the autonomous high-frequency QRS complex extracting and analyzing module 18 analyzes the autonomous high-frequency QRS complex, so as to prompt the user to prevent the heart problem early.
In addition, referring to fig. 2, an autonomous high frequency QRS
step S21: acquiring pacing electrocardiosignals. The paced cardiac electrical signals are acquired for subsequent analysis by, for example, an ECG lead system.
Step S22: and preprocessing the pace-making electrocardiosignal to eliminate noise in the pace-making electrocardiosignal to obtain a first intermediate signal. For example, the obtained pace-making electrocardiographic signal is preprocessed through a difference filter and a sliding weighting filter, so that partial noise in the pace-making electrocardiographic signal is filtered to obtain a first intermediate signal.
Step S23: detecting and filtering the pacing pulses in the first intermediate signal to obtain a second intermediate signal. The pacing pulses in the first intermediate signal are detected and filtered, for example, by a pacing pulse detection circuit, a pacing pulse suppression circuit.
Step S24: detecting an autonomous QRS complex in the second intermediate signal. Step S24 specifically includes, for example: positioning any R wave and the next S wave adjacent to the R wave within a certain time length, taking the wave peak value of the R wave and the wave valley value of the S wave, calculating the absolute value of the difference value between the wave peak value and the wave valley value, and carrying out primary detection by taking 60% of the absolute value of the difference value as an initial threshold value and taking the R wave as a detection starting point to detect the autonomous QRS wave group. If the first detection isIs prepared fromAnd detecting the autonomous QRS complex, and carrying out secondary detection by taking 50% of the absolute value of the difference as a secondary threshold value and taking the R wave as a detection starting point to detect the autonomous QRS complex. And if the autonomous QRS complex is not detected by the secondary detection, detecting by taking 40% of the absolute value of the difference as a tertiary threshold and taking the R wave as a detection starting point so as to detect the autonomous QRS complex. At the same time, to avoid the threshold percentage being lowAnd detecting other interference waves such as T waves and P waves, and skipping next two adjacent waves for detection when detecting one autonomous QRS complex by using the secondary threshold and the tertiary threshold. The position corresponding to the value of the amplitude greater than the threshold value in the second intermediate signal detected by the above method is the position of the autonomous QRS complex.
Step S25: detecting a paced QRS complex in the second intermediate signal from the autonomous QRS complex. Specifically, after the autonomous QRS complex is detected, for example, zero-valued processing is performed on the autonomous QRS complex in the second intermediate signal, then smoothing is performed on the signal obtained after zero-valued processing by, for example, 64-point average filtering, and then the maximum value and the minimum value of the signal are found by the signal within a certain time length, for example, 1 second, in the same way as the autonomous QRS complex in the second intermediate signal is detected on the signal obtained after 64-point average filtering and drying, meanwhile, the threshold value for detecting the pacing QRS complex is set according to the maximum value and the minimum value of the signal for detection, for example, the maximum value is multiplied by 0.8, the minimum value is multiplied by 0.2 to be used as a threshold value for detecting the pacing QRS complex, and the position corresponding to the value of the signal obtained after 64-point average filtering and drying, which is larger than the threshold value, is the position of the pacing QRS complex.
Step S26: filtering the paced QRS complex in the second intermediate signal to obtain a third intermediate signal. In particular, the paced QRS complex in the second intermediate signal is filtered to obtain the third intermediate signal, for example, according to the detected position of the paced QRS complex. Detecting and filtering the paced QRS complex facilitates subsequent more accurate extraction of the autonomous QRS complex.
Step S27: extracting the autonomous QRS complex in the third intermediate signal. Specifically, the autonomous QRS complex in the third intermediate signal is extracted, for example, according to the position of the autonomous QRS complex detected as described above. Therefore, the interference caused by pacing QRS complexes can be effectively avoided, and the problem that information such as myocardial ischemia is covered when the pacing QRS complexes exist in pacing electrocardiosignals is effectively solved.
Step S28: extracting and analyzing autonomous high frequency QRS complexes with frequencies between 150HZ-250HZ of said autonomous QRS complexes. By analyzing the autonomous high-frequency QRS complex with the frequency between 150HZ and 250HZ, the problems of heart diseases such as myocardial ischemia can be effectively known.
The step of preprocessing the paced electrocardiographic signal to eliminate noise in the paced electrocardiographic signal to obtain a first intermediate signal, that is, the step S22 specifically includes, for example: and filtering the pace-making electrocardiosignal to eliminate the noise in the pace-making electrocardiosignal to obtain the first intermediate signal.
The step of filtering the pacing pulse in the second intermediate signal to obtain a second intermediate signal, that is, the step S23 specifically includes, for example: performing edge enhancement on the first intermediate signal to obtain a fourth intermediate signal; detecting the pacing pulse in the fourth intermediate signal; and filtering the pacing pulse in the fourth intermediate signal to obtain the second intermediate signal.
The autonomous high frequency QRS
The autonomous high-frequency QRS
The autonomous high frequency QRS
The autonomous high frequency QRS
The autonomous high-frequency QRS
In summary, the autonomous high-frequency QRS complex analysis apparatus and analysis method provided in the embodiments of the present invention can effectively avoid the interference of the pacing pulse and the pacing QRS complex of the pacemaker on the electrocardiographic signal, distinguish the pacing QRS complex from the autonomous QRS complex by filtering the pacing pulse, and extract only the autonomous high-frequency QRS complex with the frequency of 150HZ to 250HZ for analysis, so as to effectively avoid the interference of the pacing QRS complex and the pacing pulse on the pacing electrocardiographic signal analysis, and analyze the autonomous QRS complex with higher frequency, which is more helpful for finding the heart problem existing therein.
It is appreciated that certain features of the invention, which are, for brevity, described in the context of a separate embodiment, may also be provided in combination in a single embodiment. Conversely, various features of the invention which are, for brevity, described in the context of a single embodiment, may also be provided separately or in any suitable sub-combination.
While the invention has been described in conjunction with specific embodiments thereof, it is evident that many alternatives, modifications, and variations will be apparent to those skilled in the art. Accordingly, it is intended to embrace all such alternatives, modifications and variations that fall within the spirit and broad scope of the appended claims. All documents, patents, and patent applications mentioned in this specification are herein incorporated in their entirety by reference into the specification, to the same extent as if each individual document, patent, or patent application was specifically and individually indicated to be incorporated herein by reference. In addition, citation or identification of any reference in this application shall not be construed as an admission that such reference is available as prior art to the present invention.
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