阅读说明：本技术 一种从粉煤灰中分离铁的湿式高梯度磁选装置及方法 (Wet high-gradient magnetic separation device and method for separating iron from fly ash ) 是由 刘晓东 任振玚 樊盼盼 鲍卫仁 于 2020-06-16 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明公开了一种从粉煤灰中分离铁的湿式高梯度磁选装置及方法,利用湿式高梯度磁选的方法进行粉煤灰中含铁物料的分离与富集,高梯度磁选装置包括矿浆准备桶、分选腔,高梯度介质块、磁性物料收集桶、非磁性物料收集桶、冲洗水桶,空心线圈。利用本发明的方法,只需根据分选工艺要求调节分选区磁场强度和高梯度介质块强导磁介质结构,即可实现磁性、非磁性物料的分离,分离方法简便,装置简单、容易操作。(The invention discloses a wet high-gradient magnetic separation device and a wet high-gradient magnetic separation method for separating iron from fly ash. By using the method of the invention, the separation of magnetic and non-magnetic materials can be realized only by adjusting the magnetic field intensity of the separation area and the high-gradient medium block and high-permeability medium structure according to the separation process requirements, and the separation method is simple and convenient, and the device is simple and easy to operate.)

1. A wet high gradient magnetic separation method for separating iron from fly ash is characterized by comprising the following steps:

(1) sieving the fly ash by a grading sieve, returning large-particle-size particles on the sieve to be reground, and preparing the fly ash with qualified particle size below the sieve and water into ore pulp with the concentration of 50-200 g/L;

(2) switching on an excitation power supply of the hollow coil outside the separation cavity, and adjusting the background field intensity of the separation cavity by adjusting the magnitude of excitation current;

(3) closing a flushing water valve and a magnetic material collecting bucket valve, opening an ore pulp preparing bucket valve and a non-magnetic material collecting bucket valve, enabling fluid to automatically flow by gravity or be conveyed by a pump to enable prepared ore pulp to slowly and uniformly flow through a separation cavity, adsorbing iron-containing magnetic particles on a high-gradient medium block, and enabling the non-magnetic particles to enter the non-magnetic material collecting bucket along with water flow through the separation cavity;

(4) after the ore pulp completely flows through the separation cavity, closing an ore pulp preparation barrel valve and a non-magnetic material collecting barrel valve, closing an excitation power supply, after the high-gradient medium block is demagnetized, opening a flushing water valve and a magnetic material collecting barrel valve, flushing iron-containing magnetic particles adsorbed on the high-gradient medium block into a magnetic material collecting barrel, and performing subsequent operation treatment on a non-magnetic material collecting barrel product and a magnetic material collecting barrel product;

(5) and (4) when the ore pulp amount is large, repeating the steps (1) to (4) for batch treatment to prevent the high-gradient medium blocks from adsorbing and supersaturating.

2. The wet high gradient magnetic separation method of separating iron from fly ash as claimed in claim 1 wherein: in the step (2), the field intensity of the formed magnetic field background is above 1.0T.

3. The wet high gradient magnetic separation method of separating iron from fly ash as claimed in claim 1 wherein: in the step (3), in order to prevent short-circuit flow, the high-gradient medium blocks are in clearance fit with the separation cavity, ore pulp is uniformly distributed in the high-gradient medium blocks, and an ore pulp distributor is arranged in the separation cavity.

4. The wet high gradient magnetic separation method of separating iron from fly ash as claimed in claim 1 wherein: in the step (3), under the condition that the excitation power supply is switched on, the washing water is introduced to wash the nonmagnetic substances adhered to the high gradient medium block, so that the quality of the magnetic substances is improved.

5. The utility model provides a wet-type high gradient magnetic separation device of separation iron from fly ash which characterized in that: comprises an ore pulp preparation barrel, a flushing water barrel, a separation cavity, a magnetic material collecting barrel and a non-magnetic material collecting barrel; a high-gradient dielectric block is arranged in the separation cavity, and a hollow coil is arranged outside the separation cavity;

the upper part of the separation cavity is respectively connected with the ore pulp preparation barrel and the flushing water barrel through pipelines, the lower part of the separation cavity is respectively connected with the magnetic material collecting barrel and the non-magnetic material collecting barrel through pipelines, and each pipeline is provided with an independent valve to control the interception of materials.

6. The wet high gradient magnetic separation device for separating iron from fly ash as claimed in claim 5, wherein: the sorting cavity is of a cylindrical cone structure with an upper opening and a lower opening, a hollow coil outside the sorting cavity is coaxially arranged with the sorting cavity, and the hollow coil is connected with an excitation power supply; the inside high gradient dielectric block that places of separation chamber, high gradient dielectric block, hollow coil, the central point in separation chamber are on same altitude line.

7. The wet high gradient magnetic separation device for separating iron from fly ash as claimed in claim 5, wherein: the overflowing aperture of the high-gradient medium block is equal to 3 times of the maximum particle size of the treated fly ash.

8. The wet high gradient magnetic separation device for separating iron from fly ash as claimed in claim 5, wherein: the high gradient medium block is formed by stacking and combining a high gradient medium layer and a non-magnetic conducting support body layer by layer.

9. The wet high gradient magnetic separation device for separating iron from fly ash of claim 8, wherein: the high gradient medium layer is formed by irregular, discontinuous and free accumulation of rod-shaped, net-shaped, fusiform and rhombus-shaped strong magnetic conduction material scraps.

10. The wet high gradient magnetic separation device for separating iron from fly ash of claim 8, wherein: the non-magnetic conductive support body is a screen mesh-shaped support layer made of polyurethane, copper and non-magnetic conductive stainless steel materials.

Technical Field

The invention relates to a wet high-gradient magnetic separation device and method for separating iron from fly ash, belonging to the field of magnetic separation.

Background

The fly ash is one of solid wastes produced by coal-fired power plants and mainly consists of two parts of fly ash and boiler bottom slag captured in coal-fired flue gas. Its main component is SiO₂And Al₂O₃Simultaneously contains a certain amount of K₂O、Na₂O、CaO、MgO、TiO₂、Fe₂O₃And impurities such as FeO. According to statistics, the annual stacking quantity of the fly ash reaches about 30 hundred million tons in 2020. Long-term accumulation not only occupies land, but also brings environmental pollution problems such as dust raising and the like, so that the research on the treatment method of the fly ash is urgent.

The application of the fly ash at present is mainly divided into two categories: firstly, a large amount of utilization types such as building material preparation, mine filling, soil improvement and the like provide an important utilization approach for reducing environmental pollution and reducing the amount of fly ash: and secondly, the high value-added utilization type is used for improving the quality of or comprehensively utilizing the useful components and valuable elements in the fly ash, such as extraction of hollow microbeads, magnetic beads, extraction of alumina and the like, and has important significance for high-value utilization of the fly ash.

When the high additive value utilization of the fly ash is realized, the iron element contained in the fly ash has great influence on the quality of a finished product. For example, in the zeolite synthesis of the fly ash, hematite and magnetite can influence the cation exchange capacity of the synthesized zeolite product; the existence of iron oxide in the synthesized mullite can reduce the performances of the mullite product, such as refractoriness and the like; the prepared ceramic material not only influences the color after being fired due to the existence of iron impurities, but also seriously influences the dielectric property and chemical stability of a ceramic product; when the prepared functional filler (such as white carbon black) is applied to rubber products, the high-iron microbeads can play a role of aging in advance in high polymer products and the like; iron impurities can affect the purity of the alumina product during the alumina extraction process. Therefore, the existence of iron in the fly ash is a key factor influencing the product quality, and how to separate the iron in the fly ash efficiently has important application value and economic value.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to provide a wet high-gradient magnetic separation device and a method for separating iron from fly ash.

The invention provides a wet high-gradient magnetic separation device and a wet high-gradient magnetic separation method for separating iron from fly ash, which are used for separating the iron from the fly ash. The preset separation effect can be achieved by adjusting the operating parameters and the magnetic field intensity of the high-gradient magnetic separation device. The invention has high separation efficiency and low production cost, the fly ash after separating iron provides high-quality raw materials for subsequent high-value utilization, and meanwhile, the iron enrichment can also realize the recovery of iron element.

The invention provides a wet high-gradient magnetic separation device for separating iron from fly ash, which comprises an ore pulp preparation barrel, a flushing water barrel, a separation cavity, a magnetic material collecting barrel and a non-magnetic material collecting barrel, wherein the ore pulp preparation barrel is arranged in the coal ash; a high-gradient dielectric block is arranged in the separation cavity, and a hollow coil is arranged outside the separation cavity;

the upper part of the separation cavity is respectively connected with the ore pulp preparation barrel and the flushing water barrel through pipelines, the lower part of the separation cavity is respectively connected with the magnetic material collecting barrel and the non-magnetic material collecting barrel through pipelines, and each pipeline is provided with an independent valve to control the interception of materials;

the sorting cavity is of a cylindrical cone structure with an upper opening and a lower opening, a hollow coil outside the sorting cavity is coaxially arranged with the sorting cavity, and the hollow coil is connected with an excitation power supply; a high-gradient medium block is placed in the separation cavity, and the overflowing aperture of the high-gradient medium block is preferably equal to 3 times of the maximum particle size of the treated fly ash; the central points of the high gradient medium block, the hollow coil and the sorting cavity are on the same height line.

The high gradient medium block is formed by stacking and combining a high gradient medium layer and a non-magnetic conducting support body in a layered mode, the high gradient medium layer is formed by irregular and discontinuous free accumulation of chips of rod-shaped, net-shaped, shuttle-shaped, diamond-shaped and other strong magnetic conducting materials, and the non-magnetic conducting support body is a screen-shaped support layer made of polyurethane, copper, non-magnetic conducting stainless steel and other materials. The high gradient medium layer and the non-magnetic conductive support body are arranged at intervals in a layered mode and assembled into a whole.

The invention provides a wet high-gradient magnetic separation method for separating iron from fly ash, which comprises the following steps:

(1) sieving the fly ash by a grading sieve, returning large-particle-size particles on the sieve to be reground, and preparing the fly ash with qualified particle size below the sieve and water into ore pulp with the concentration of 50-200 g/L;

(2) switching on an excitation power supply of the hollow coil outside the separation cavity, and adjusting the background field intensity of the separation cavity by adjusting the magnitude of excitation current;

(3) closing a flushing water valve and a magnetic material collecting bucket valve, opening an ore pulp preparing bucket valve and a non-magnetic material collecting bucket valve, enabling fluid to automatically flow by gravity or be conveyed by a pump to enable prepared ore pulp to slowly and uniformly flow through a separation cavity, adsorbing iron-containing magnetic particles on a high-gradient medium block, and enabling the non-magnetic particles to enter the non-magnetic material collecting bucket along with water flow through the separation cavity;

(4) after the ore pulp completely flows through the separation cavity, closing an ore pulp preparation barrel valve and a non-magnetic material collecting barrel valve, closing an excitation power supply, after the high-gradient medium block is demagnetized, opening a flushing water valve and a magnetic material collecting barrel valve, flushing iron-containing magnetic particles adsorbed on the high-gradient medium block into a magnetic material collecting barrel, and performing subsequent operation treatment on a non-magnetic material collecting barrel product and a magnetic material collecting barrel product;

(5) and (4) when the ore pulp amount is large, repeating the steps (1) to (4) for batch treatment to prevent the high-gradient medium blocks from adsorbing and supersaturating.

In the step (2), the field intensity of the formed magnetic field background is above 1.0T.

In the step (3), in order to prevent short-circuit flow, the high-gradient medium blocks are in clearance fit with the separation cavity, ore pulp is uniformly distributed in the high-gradient medium blocks, and an ore pulp distributor is arranged in the separation cavity.

In the step (3), if necessary, a small amount of washing water is intermittently introduced to wash the nonmagnetic substances adhered to the high gradient medium block under the condition that the excitation power supply is switched on, so that the quality of the magnetic substances is improved.

The invention has the beneficial effects that:

by using the method of the invention, the separation of magnetic and non-magnetic materials can be realized only by adjusting the magnetic field intensity of the separation area and the high-gradient medium block and high-permeability medium structure according to the separation process requirements, and the separation method is simple and convenient, and the device is simple and easy to operate.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a diagram of a high gradient magnetic separation apparatus of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a high gradient dielectric block of the present invention.

In the figure: 1-an ore pulp preparation barrel, 2-an ore pulp preparation barrel valve, 3-a flushing water barrel, 4-a flushing water valve, 5-a non-magnetic material collecting barrel, 6-a non-magnetic material collecting barrel valve, 7-a magnetic material collecting barrel, 8-a magnetic material collecting barrel valve, 9-a separation cavity, 10-a high-gradient dielectric block, 11-an air coil, 12-a magnetic conductive dielectric layer and 13-a support body.

Detailed Description

The present invention is further illustrated by, but is not limited to, the following examples.