Coating preparation device and method for functional film layer of extruded product
阅读说明：本技术 一种挤塑制品功能膜层的涂敷制备装置及方法 (Coating preparation device and method for functional film layer of extruded product ) 是由 罗成 黄兴元 刘同科 于 2020-06-11 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明涉及一种挤塑制品功能膜层的涂敷制备装置及方法。目前常见的塑料表面改性工艺(如表面接枝聚合、表面喷涂、表面层积、表面电晕处理等),工序复杂、VOC排放量达不到环保要求。本发明涉及一种挤塑制品功能膜层的涂敷制备装置及方法,其中：安装特制的膜层第一涂敷室,从挤出模具挤出的塑料制品,先以熔融态流经膜层第一涂敷室。在第一涂敷室内,流经气溶胶发生器的,载有纳米粉末(或雾化液滴)的气流,气流所携载的纳米粉末(或雾化液滴)被吸附粘连到熔融的表面,形成具有特殊功能的膜层,之后气流经粉末(或雾化液滴)回收装置后,排放于大气中。本装置的优点在于：工序简单,成本低廉；产品膜层均匀而牢固；工艺扩展性强；环保性好。(The invention relates to a coating preparation device and a coating preparation method of a functional film layer of an extruded product. At present, common plastic surface modification processes (such as surface graft polymerization, surface spraying, surface lamination, surface corona treatment and the like) have complex working procedures and VOC discharge amount which does not meet the environmental protection requirement. The invention relates to a coating preparation device and a method of a functional film layer of an extrusion molding product, wherein the coating preparation device comprises the following steps: a specially-made first coating chamber for the film layer is arranged, and the plastic product extruded from an extrusion die flows through the first coating chamber for the film layer in a molten state. In the first coating chamber, the airflow which flows through the aerosol generator and is loaded with the nanometer powder (or atomized liquid drops) is adsorbed and adhered to the fused surface to form a film layer with special function, and then the airflow is discharged into the atmosphere after passing through the powder (or atomized liquid drops) recovery device. The device has the advantages that: the process is simple and the cost is low; the film layer of the product is uniform and firm; the process expansibility is strong; the environmental protection is good.)
1. A coating preparation device and a method for a functional film layer of an extruded product are characterized by comprising the following steps:
the plastic product extrusion die comprises an extrusion die and a die core rod, wherein the die core rod is arranged in the extrusion die and is used for extruding plastic products;
the carrier gas generating device is used for forming gas flow with the temperature and the carrier quantity meeting the use requirement;
the coating device is used for realizing uniform coating of the film layer;
the shaping and cooling device is used for cooling and shaping the plastic product;
the plastic extrusion die, the first coating chamber and the shaping and cooling device are coaxially arranged and used for enabling plastic products extruded from the extrusion die to sequentially pass through the first coating chamber and the shaping and cooling device and finally be cooled and shaped.
2. The apparatus and method for coating a functional film on an extrusion molded article according to claim 1, wherein the carrier gas generating means comprises a nitrogen tank, a control valve, a gas flow meter, a gas pressure gauge, a pressure regulating valve, an inner film aerosol generator, a gas heater controller, a gas heater, a throttle valve, and an outer film aerosol generator, wherein: the nitrogen tank, the regulating valve, the gas flowmeter, the barometer, the pressure regulating valve, the throttle valve and the gas heater are sequentially connected with a pipeline, the gas heater is electrically connected with a gas heater controller, the pipeline where the gas heater is located is communicated with a gas flow channel in the mold core rod, and an inner film aerosol generator is arranged in the middle of the pipeline, so that the nano powder (or atomized liquid drops) carried by the gas flow is coated on the inner wall of the product, and a layer of special functional film is formed on the inner wall surface of the plastic product; the other branch of the pipeline where the gas heater is located is communicated with a gas inlet (II) flow channel of the first coating chamber, so that the gas flow carrying the nano powder (or the atomized liquid drops) flows in from the gas inlet (II) of the first coating chamber, and the nano powder (or the atomized liquid drops) carried by the gas flow is adsorbed and adhered to the molten surface to form a film layer with a special function.
3. The apparatus and method for coating a functional film on an extrusion molded product according to claim 1, wherein the coating apparatus comprises a first coating chamber, an electromagnetic induction heating coil, a cooling water circulation water path, a wall of the coating chamber, a high frequency power supply, a PID controller, a circulation water pump, a cooling water storage tank, a gas temperature sensor, and a turbulence generation pipe, wherein the cooling water circulation water path is distributed in the wall of the first coating chamber, the electromagnetic induction heating coil is wound around the outer wall of the first coating chamber, the cooling water circulation water path is communicated with the cooling water storage tank through the circulation water pump, the electromagnetic induction heating coil is electrically connected with the high frequency power supply, the turbulence generation pipe is arranged at each of a gas inlet (II) and a gas outlet (III) in the first coating chamber, the gas temperature sensor is arranged in the first coating chamber, the gas temperature sensor is electrically connected with the PID controller for providing a temperature signal input, and the action end of the PID controller is respectively electrically connected with the high-frequency power supply and the circulating water pump and is used for outputting a control signal to carry out temperature rise and fall regulation on the first coating chamber.
4. The apparatus and method for coating a functional film on an extruded product according to claim 1, wherein: the temperature of the gas in the film coating chamber is kept constant, and the temperature value can be adjusted within the range of 25-250 ℃.
5. The apparatus and method for coating a functional film on an extruded product according to claim 1, wherein: the temperature regulation range of the carrier gas is 110-250 ℃.
6. The apparatus and method for coating a functional film on an extruded product according to claim 1, wherein: the flow rate of the carrier gas is adjusted within 3-5m3/h。
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of plastic product forming processing, in particular to a coating preparation device and a coating preparation method of a functional film layer of an extrusion molding product.
Background
The application of plastic products has penetrated into every corner of society, and from industrial production to clothes and eating houses, it is ubiquitous. Along with the social development, people also put forward some special performance requirements such as self-cleaning antifouling, drag reduction, abrasion resistance, surface conductivity, interface barrier and the like on plastic products while meeting basic functional requirements, and in the actual production, the requirements are usually met by adopting a surface modification process to generate a special functional film layer on the surface of the products. However, as the secondary processing modification performed after the primary molding processing of the plastic product, the conventional plastic surface modification processes (such as surface graft polymerization, surface spraying, surface lamination, surface corona treatment, etc.) basically have the problems of complicated process steps, difficult achievement of the emission of VOC (volatile organic compound) to meet the environmental protection requirement, and the like.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a coating preparation device and a coating preparation method of an extruded product functional film layer based on gas carrying, which are simple, convenient, environment-friendly and low in cost, are used for generating a coating layer with special functions on the surface of typical plastic products such as plastic pipes, plastic films, plastic containers and the like, and meet various special functional requirements of people on the plastic products such as surface self-cleaning antifouling, resistance reduction, wear resistance, surface conductivity, interface barrier and the like.
The technical scheme of the invention is as follows: a coating preparation device and method of a functional film layer of an extruded product comprise:
the plastic product extrusion die comprises an extrusion die and a die core rod, wherein the die core rod is arranged in the extrusion die and is used for extruding plastic products;
the carrier gas generating device is used for forming gas flow with the temperature and the carrier quantity meeting the use requirement;
the coating device is used for realizing uniform coating of the film layer;
the shaping and cooling device is used for cooling and shaping the plastic product;
a first coating chamber is arranged between the plastic extrusion die and the shaping and cooling device, and the plastic products extruded from the extrusion die firstly flow through the first coating chamber of the film layer in a molten state. In the first coating chamber, the airflow carrying the nano-powder (or atomized liquid droplets) flowing out from the outer film aerosol generator (powder or liquid type aerosol generator) in the carrier gas generating device flows in from the gas inlet (II) of the first coating chamber, the nano-powder (or atomized liquid droplets) carried by the airflow is adsorbed and adhered to the molten surface to form a film layer with a special function, and then the airflow flows out from the gas outlet (III) of the first coating chamber, passes through the powder (or atomized liquid droplets) recovering device, and is discharged into the atmosphere. And (3) cooling and shaping the plastic product coated with the film layer on the surface in a shaping and cooling device to obtain the final plastic product with the film with the special function on the surface.
Meanwhile, for a plastic extrusion product with a cavity, a path of air flow can be separated from an inner film aerosol generator (a powder or liquid aerosol generator) and enters a gas flow channel of a core rod of an extrusion die, nano powder (or atomized liquid drops) carried by the air flow is coated on the inner wall of the product, and a layer of special functional film is obtained on the inner wall surface of the plastic product.
Furthermore, the plastic extrusion die, the first coating chamber and the shaping and cooling device are coaxially arranged, and the plastic product extruded from the extrusion die sequentially passes through the first coating chamber and the shaping and cooling device to be finally cooled and shaped.
Further, the carrier gas generating device is used for forming gas flow with the temperature and the carrier quantity meeting the use requirement. Including nitrogen gas jar, governing valve, gas flowmeter, barometer, air-vent valve, inner membrance aerosol generator, gas heater controller, gas heater, choke valve, adventitia aerosol generator, wherein: the nitrogen tank, the regulating valve, the gas flowmeter, the barometer, the pressure regulating valve, the throttle valve and the gas heater are sequentially connected with a pipeline, the gas heater is electrically connected with a gas heater controller, the pipeline where the gas heater is located is communicated with a gas flow channel in the mold core rod, and an inner film aerosol generator is arranged in the middle of the pipeline, so that the nano powder (or atomized liquid drops) carried by the gas flow is coated on the inner wall of the product, and a layer of special functional film is formed on the inner wall surface of the plastic product; the other branch of the pipeline where the gas heater is located is communicated with a gas inlet (II) flow channel of the first coating chamber, so that the gas flow carrying the nano powder (or the atomized liquid drops) flows in from the gas inlet (II) of the first coating chamber, and the nano powder (or the atomized liquid drops) carried by the gas flow is adsorbed and adhered to the molten surface to form a film layer with a special function.
And the coating device is used for realizing uniform coating of the film layer. Comprises a first coating chamber, an electromagnetic induction heating coil, a cooling water circulation water path, a film coating chamber wall, a high-frequency power supply, a PID controller, a circulating water pump, a cooling water storage tank, a gas temperature sensor and a turbulence generation pipe, wherein a cooling water circulation water path is distributed in the side wall of the first coating chamber, an electromagnetic induction heating coil is wound on the outer wall of the first coating chamber, the cooling water circulation water path is communicated with a cooling water storage pool through a circulating water pump, the electromagnetic induction heating coil is electrically connected with a high-frequency power supply, a gas inlet (II) and a gas outlet (III) in the first coating chamber are both provided with turbulence generating pipes, a gas temperature sensor is arranged in the first coating chamber and is electrically connected with a PID controller, the PID controller is used for providing temperature signal input, and the action end of the PID controller is respectively electrically connected with the high-frequency power supply and the circulating water pump and is used for outputting a control signal to carry out temperature rise and fall regulation on the first coating chamber.
The invention has the advantages that:
1. simple process and low cost. The existing surface modification process of plastic products is secondary processing modification after primary molding processing, and various intermediate preparation procedures such as surface cleaning, surface corrosion, surface corona and the like are omitted for smooth secondary processing modification, so that the preparation procedures complicate the product manufacturing flow and increase the cost. The plastic product surface modification method provided by the invention can belong to one-step molding processing, and can realize the coating of the functional film layer only by simply adding a film layer coating chamber between a neck mold and a cooling and shaping device of a common extruder and loading nano powder (or atomized liquid drops) in airflow by utilizing an aerosol generator and sending the airflow into the coating chamber;
2. the film layer of the product is uniform and firm. The bonding strength between the prepared surface film layer and the product base layer is difficult to reach an ideal state even if the surface is subjected to pretreatment such as surface sanding, surface corona and the like and the conventional plastic product surface modification process is adopted, and the peeling phenomenon is easy to occur along with the use time. The preparation method of the plastic product film layer provided by the invention can realize uniform coating of the film layer by controlling the carrier airflow flow field in the film layer coating chamber, and meanwhile, because the plastic product is still in a molten state and has good viscosity when the film layer is coated, the film layer material is easily embedded into the product base layer, and after cooling and shaping, the surface film layer and the base layer of the product are firmly combined, namely, the uniform and firm surface film layer can be finally obtained by using the method provided by the invention.
3. The process expansibility is strong. Aiming at different surface modification requirements, when the existing plastic product surface modification method is applied, completely different processes such as surface corona (printing), ion spraying (self-cleaning and anti-fouling), surface sanding and cleaning (laminated coating) and the like may need to be selected to achieve the best effect. The plastic product surface modification method provided by the invention has the advantages that proper coating materials can be directly replaced without replacing devices such as a coating chamber and the like, and simultaneously, the coating process parameters such as fluidization (or atomization) and the like are properly adjusted, so that surface film layers with completely different functions can be obtained (even two different film layers are prepared on the inner surface and the outer surface at one time), the surface modification requirements of different plastic products are realized, and the process expansibility is good.
4. Good environmental protection
The surface modification method of the plastic product provided by the invention is a simple physical coating method based on aerosol, the carrying gas uses dry nitrogen, the coating can be circulated or recycled along with the gas flow, and the environmental protection problems such as VOC pollutant emission and the like are avoided.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of the preparation principle of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of the structure of a film coating apparatus;
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of the preparation of the functional film layer on the surface of the plastic blown film of example 2.
Reference numerals: the device comprises an extrusion die 1, a
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
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