阅读说明：本技术 一种提高水稻抗寒抗旱性的壮秧剂 (Seedling strengthening agent for improving cold resistance and drought resistance of rice ) 是由 丁国华 孙世臣 白良明 王彤彤 曹良子 周劲松 洛育 夏天舒 杨光 王雪扬 谢婷 于 2020-06-24 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明涉及农业种植领域,具体为一种偏酸性的能提高水稻抗寒抗旱性的壮秧剂,由以下原料组成：磷酸二氢钾30-45份；海藻酸10-20份；腐植酸5-8份；浓硫酸20-22份；尿素8-10份；过磷酸钙3-10份；硫酸钾镁肥3.5-5份；硫酸锌0.2-0.8份；多效唑0.05-1份；萘乙酸0.05-1份；高分子吸水剂2-5份；该发明添加以羧甲基纤维素聚合的高分子吸水剂于壮秧剂中,具有很好的溶解性能,便于土壤吸收水分,并且锁住水分,进一步释放水分于土壤中。海藻酸和抗旱剂类腐植酸,与高分子吸水剂可以协同改善土壤结构,分解出有机酸与壮秧剂充分结合,起到控缓释作用,增强作物抗寒、抗旱的能力。(The invention relates to the field of agricultural planting, in particular to a seedling strengthening agent which is slightly acidic and can improve the cold resistance and drought resistance of rice, and the seedling strengthening agent consists of the following raw materials: 30-45 parts of monopotassium phosphate; 10-20 parts of alginic acid; 5-8 parts of humic acid; 20-22 parts of concentrated sulfuric acid; 8-10 parts of urea; 3-10 parts of calcium superphosphate; 3.5-5 parts of potash magnesium sulphate fertilizer; 0.2-0.8 part of zinc sulfate; 0.05-1 part of paclobutrazol; 0.05-1 part of naphthylacetic acid; 2-5 parts of a high-molecular water absorbent; the invention adds the macromolecular water absorbent polymerized by carboxymethyl cellulose into the seedling strengthening agent, has good solubility, is convenient for soil to absorb water, locks water and further releases water into soil. Alginic acid and drought-resistant agent humic acid, and high molecular water absorbent can improve soil structure synergistically, decompose organic acid and combine with seedling strengthening agent fully, play a role in controlling slow release, and enhance cold and drought resistance of crops.)

1. A seedling strengthening agent for improving the cold resistance and drought resistance of rice is characterized by comprising the following raw materials:

30-45 parts of monopotassium phosphate;

10-20 parts of alginic acid;

5-8 parts of humic acid;

20-22 parts of concentrated sulfuric acid;

8-10 parts of urea;

3-10 parts of calcium superphosphate;

3.5-5 parts of potash magnesium sulphate fertilizer;

0.2-0.8 part of zinc sulfate;

0.05-1 part of paclobutrazol;

0.05-1 part of naphthylacetic acid;

2-5 parts of a high-molecular water absorbent;

the pH value of the seedling strengthening agent is 5.5-6.5.

2. The seedling strengthening agent for improving the cold resistance and drought resistance of rice according to claim 1, which is characterized by comprising the following raw materials:

38-42 parts of monopotassium phosphate;

15-18 parts of alginic acid;

6-7 parts of humic acid;

21-22 parts of concentrated sulfuric acid;

9-10 parts of urea;

3-5 parts of calcium superphosphate;

4-4.5 parts of potash magnesium sulphate fertilizer;

0.4-0.5 part of zinc sulfate;

0.1-0.4 parts of paclobutrazol;

0.1-0.4 part of naphthylacetic acid;

3-4 parts of a high-molecular water absorbent;

the pH value of the seedling strengthening agent is 6.

3. The seedling strengthening agent for improving the cold resistance and drought resistance of rice as claimed in claim 1 or 2, wherein the alginic acid is micromolecular alginic acid with molecular weight of 1500-2000.

4. A seedling strengthening agent for improving the cold and drought resistance of rice as claimed in claim 1 or 2, wherein the humic acid is a drought-resistant agent humic acid.

5. A seedling strengthening agent for improving the cold and drought resistance of rice as claimed in claim 4, wherein the humic acid is any one of fulvic acid, ulmic acid or nitro humic acid.

6. The seedling strengthening agent for improving the cold resistance and the drought resistance of rice as claimed in claim 1 or 2, wherein the high molecular water absorbent is super absorbent resin obtained by alkalization and etherification treatment of crop straws as raw materials and polymerization.

7. The seedling strengthening agent for improving the cold resistance and the drought resistance of rice as claimed in claim 6, wherein the crop straw comprises but is not limited to corn straw, sorghum straw, soybean straw, and rice straw.

8. The seedling strengthening agent for improving the cold resistance and the drought resistance of rice as claimed in claim 6, wherein the crop straw is subjected to alkalization and etherification to obtain carboxymethyl cellulose straw powder, and the carboxymethyl cellulose straw powder is dissolved and mixed with acrylic acid, sodium hydroxide, an initiator and a cross-linking agent to polymerize into the super absorbent resin.

9. A seedling strengthening agent for improving the cold and drought resistance of rice as claimed in claim 1 or 2, wherein the water absorption rate of the super absorbent resin is at least 2000 g/g.

10. A method for using the seedling strengthening agent as claimed in any one of claims 1, 2, 5, 7 and 8, which comprises the following steps:

1.25 kg of seedling strengthening agent and 100 kg of sieved soil are mixed uniformly and then are loaded into 75 seedling raising trays, and rice seeds are sown or broadcast sown on the seedling raising trays by using a sowing machine.

Technical Field

The invention relates to the field of agricultural planting, in particular to a seedling strengthening agent for improving the cold resistance and drought resistance of rice.

Background

Rice is one of the important grain crops in China, and the area and the unit yield of the rice are the first place in the world. More than 60% of the population in the whole country takes rice as staple food. It has the characteristics of commodity rate, economic efficiency, nutritive value, high and stable yield and the like, and is deeply favored by farmers. As a big agricultural country, the yield and the quality of rice directly relate to the health of national constitution, especially in the northeast region, the land is vast, belongs to the cold rice growing region, and rice production suffers from delayed cold damage influence except that in different degrees, and often suffers from the influence of obstacle cold damage, and in addition the rainwater is not enough, and soil moisture evaporates almost soon, greatly influences yield and quality.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to overcome the technical problems and provides a seedling strengthening agent for improving the cold resistance and drought resistance of rice, which can solve the problems of low cold damage resistance and delayed development due to water shortage of seedlings under the low-temperature condition.

The technical scheme for solving the technical problems is as follows:

a seedling strengthening agent for improving the cold resistance and drought resistance of rice is composed of the following raw materials:

30-45 parts of monopotassium phosphate;

10-20 parts of alginic acid;

5-8 parts of humic acid;

20-22 parts of concentrated sulfuric acid;

8-10 parts of urea;

3-10 parts of calcium superphosphate;

3.5-5 parts of potash magnesium sulphate fertilizer;

0.2-0.8 part of zinc sulfate;

0.05-1 part of paclobutrazol;

0.05-1 part of naphthylacetic acid;

2-5 parts of a high-molecular water absorbent;

the pH value of the seedling strengthening agent is 5.5-6.5.

Preferably, it consists of the following raw materials:

38-42 parts of monopotassium phosphate;

15-18 parts of alginic acid;

6-7 parts of humic acid;

21-22 parts of concentrated sulfuric acid;

9-10 parts of urea;

3-5 parts of calcium superphosphate;

4-4.5 parts of potash magnesium sulphate fertilizer;

0.4-0.5 part of zinc sulfate;

0.1-0.4 parts of paclobutrazol;

0.1-0.4 part of naphthylacetic acid;

3-4 parts of a high-molecular water absorbent;

the pH value of the seedling strengthening agent is 6.

Further, the alginic acid is small molecular alginic acid with molecular weight of 1500-2000.

Further, the humic acid is a drought-resistant agent humic acid.

Further, the humic acid is any one of fulvic acid, ulmic acid or nitrohumic acid.

In particular to a high-polymer water absorbent resin which is obtained by alkalizing and etherifying crop straws serving as raw materials and then polymerizing.

Further, the crop straws include, but are not limited to, corn straws, sorghum straws, soybean straws, and rice straws.

Further, the crop straws are subjected to alkalization and etherification to obtain carboxymethyl cellulose straw powder, and the carboxymethyl cellulose straw powder, acrylic acid, sodium hydroxide, an initiator and a cross-linking agent are dissolved, mixed and polymerized to form the super absorbent resin. The method specifically comprises the following steps:

crushing crop straws, grinding the crop straws into particles, and soaking the particles in 15-25% sodium hydroxide solution by mass for alkalization; adding chloroacetic acid solution with the mass fraction of 15-25% into the alkalized solution of the crop straws for etherification; finally, drying and crushing the materials, and washing the materials by using ethanol to obtain pure carboxymethyl cellulose straw powder;

pouring acrylic acid into a neutral alumina chromatographic column to remove a polymerization inhibitor, and slowly dropwise adding a sodium hydroxide solution with the mass fraction of 15-25% into the acrylic acid to perform neutralization reaction; and dissolving and mixing the high-water-absorption resin with the pure carboxymethyl cellulose straw powder, an initiator and a cross-linking agent, wherein the initiator is a mixture of potassium persulfate and sodium bisulfite, introducing nitrogen, heating in a water bath until water in the water bath boils, performing polymerization reaction for at least 2 hours, cooling the product to room temperature, drying, and crushing to obtain the high-water-absorption resin.

Furthermore, the water absorption rate of the super absorbent resin is at least 2000 g/g.

The invention also aims to provide a using method of the seedling strengthening agent, which comprises the following steps:

1.25 kg of seedling strengthening agent and 100 kg of sieved soil are mixed uniformly and then are loaded into 75 seedling raising trays, and rice seeds are sown or broadcast sown on the seedling raising trays by using a sowing machine.

The invention has the beneficial effects that:

the invention provides a seedling strengthening agent for improving the cold resistance and drought resistance of rice, which is further developed on the basis of the traditional seedling strengthening agent, and a macromolecular water absorbent polymerized by carboxymethyl cellulose is added into the seedling strengthening agent. The seedling strengthening agent contains alginic acid and drought-resistant agent humic acid, and can be used for synergistically improving soil structure with high-molecular water absorbent, decomposing out organic acid and fully combining with the seedling strengthening agent to play a role in controlling and slowly releasing, greatly improving the capability of the seedling strengthening agent, enhancing the cold and drought resistance of crops, and further improving the yield of the crops and the quality of the crops.

Detailed Description

The present invention will be described in further detail with reference to specific embodiments.