阅读说明：本技术 一种活性生物炭有机肥及其制备方法 (Active biochar organic fertilizer and preparation method thereof ) 是由 刘云 文阳平 周志亮 左思佳 韩建龙 于 2020-07-15 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明公开了一种活性生物炭有机肥,该活性生物炭有机肥包括以下重量份的原料：40-50份的农作物秸秆、20-30份的花生壳、25-40份的谷壳、30-40份的干草、30-40份的家禽粪便、20-30份的厨余垃圾、10-20份的酒糟、10-20份的氮肥、4-8份的钾肥、5-9份的磷肥、1-3份的微生物菌剂以及5-10份的膨润土。本发明采用生物炭,能够有效解决土壤板结的问题,使土壤内部结构透气性和保水性均较佳,且能够有效调节土壤的酸碱度；本发明还采用微生物菌剂,这样不仅能够提升土壤中有益微生物的含量,而且能够对土壤内的重金属成分进行吸附,防止这些重金属成分对作物造成危害；本发明的活性生物炭有机肥肥力较强,且绿色环保,显著提高了经济效益和环境效益。(The invention discloses an active biochar organic fertilizer which comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 40-50 parts of crop straw, 20-30 parts of peanut shell, 25-40 parts of rice husk, 30-40 parts of hay, 30-40 parts of poultry manure, 20-30 parts of kitchen garbage, 10-20 parts of vinasse, 10-20 parts of nitrogen fertilizer, 4-8 parts of potassium fertilizer, 5-9 parts of phosphate fertilizer, 1-3 parts of microbial agent and 5-10 parts of bentonite. According to the invention, the biochar is adopted, so that the problem of soil hardening can be effectively solved, the air permeability and the water retention of the internal structure of the soil are better, and the pH value of the soil can be effectively adjusted; the invention also adopts the microbial agent, so that the content of beneficial microorganisms in the soil can be improved, and heavy metal components in the soil can be adsorbed, thereby preventing the heavy metal components from causing harm to crops; the active biochar organic fertilizer disclosed by the invention is strong in fertility, green and environment-friendly, and the economic benefit and the environmental benefit are obviously improved.)

1. The active biochar organic fertilizer is characterized by comprising the following raw materials in parts by weight: 40-50 parts of crop straw, 20-30 parts of peanut shell, 25-40 parts of rice husk, 30-40 parts of hay, 30-40 parts of poultry manure, 20-30 parts of kitchen garbage, 10-20 parts of vinasse, 10-20 parts of nitrogen fertilizer, 4-8 parts of potassium fertilizer, 5-9 parts of phosphate fertilizer, 1-3 parts of microbial agent and 5-10 parts of bentonite.

2. The activated biochar organic fertilizer as claimed in claim 1, which is characterized by comprising the following raw materials in parts by weight: 43-47 parts of crop straw, 23-27 parts of peanut shell, 30-36 parts of rice husk, 33-37 parts of hay, 33-37 parts of poultry manure, 25-27 parts of kitchen garbage, 14-16 parts of vinasse, 14-16 parts of nitrogen fertilizer, 5-7 parts of potassium fertilizer, 6-8 parts of phosphate fertilizer, 1.5-2.5 parts of microbial agent and 6-8 parts of bentonite.

3. The activated biochar organic fertilizer as claimed in claim 2, which is characterized by comprising the following raw materials in parts by weight: 45 parts of crop straw, 25 parts of peanut shell, 33 parts of rice husk, 35 parts of hay, 35 parts of poultry manure, 26 parts of kitchen waste, 15 parts of vinasse, 15 parts of nitrogen fertilizer, 6 parts of potassium fertilizer, 7 parts of phosphate fertilizer, 2 parts of microbial agent and 7 parts of bentonite.

4. The activated biochar organic fertilizer as claimed in claim 3, wherein the rice husks comprise one or a combination of two of rice husks and wheat husks in equal parts by weight.

5. The activated biochar organic fertilizer as claimed in claim 3, wherein the nitrogen fertilizer comprises one or a combination of a plurality of equal parts by weight of ammonium bicarbonate, potassium sulfate, ammonium sulfate and urea; the potash fertilizer comprises one or a combination of a plurality of potassium sulfate, monopotassium phosphate, sylvite, potassium magnesium salt, carnallite and potassium nitrate in equal parts by weight; the phosphate fertilizer comprises one or a combination of multiple of ordinary superphosphate, triple superphosphate, monoammonium phosphate and diammonium phosphate in equal parts by weight.

6. The activated biochar organic fertilizer as claimed in claim 3, wherein the microbial agent comprises one or a combination of multiple of aspergillus niger microbial agent, bacillus subtilis, lactobacillus plantarum and actinomycetes in equal parts by weight.

7. A preparation method of the active biochar organic fertilizer as claimed in any one of claims 1-3, characterized by comprising the following steps:

s1, taking 45 parts of crop straws, 25 parts of peanut shells, 33 parts of rice husks and 35 parts of hay, drying, heating for 1-2 hours under the conditions of no oxygen and 1000 ℃ at 800-;

s2, taking 35 parts of poultry manure, 26 parts of kitchen garbage and 15 parts of vinasse, sequentially crushing, adding 10 parts of water, and stirring for 5-10 minutes to obtain a mixture A;

s3, adding charcoal powder and 2 parts of microbial agent into the mixture A, adding 10 parts of water, and stirring for 5-10 minutes to obtain a mixture B;

s4, placing the mixture B in a shade place for fermentation for 15-20 days, and turning the fermented product once every 1-2 hours to obtain the fermented product;

s5, taking 15 parts of nitrogenous fertilizer, 6 parts of potash fertilizer, 7 parts of phosphate fertilizer and 7 parts of bentonite, sequentially crushing, sieving with a 150-mesh sieve, adding each crushed raw material into the fermentation product, and stirring for 10-20 minutes to obtain a mixture C;

and S6, conveying the mixture C to a granulation tower for granulation to obtain the active biochar organic fertilizer.

Technical Field

The invention relates to an organic fertilizer, in particular to an active biochar organic fertilizer and a preparation method thereof.

Background

At present, in order to improve the grain yield of agriculture, workers often apply chemical fertilizers to crops in large quantities. Excessive application of chemical fertilizers easily damages the soil structure, so that the organic matter content of the soil is reduced, the proportion of various nutrients in the soil is disordered, and the soil is hardened to a certain extent, so that the water retention, fertilizer retention and air permeability of the soil are greatly reduced, and the actual growth needs of crops are difficult to meet.

The biochar is a stable carbon-rich cured substance formed by high-temperature pyrolysis and carbonization of a biological organic material under the condition of oxygen deficiency or oxygen exclusion, and the biochar material has rich porosity and shows extremely strong adsorption capacity in the using process. In order to repair the structure of soil and supply enough nutrients to crops, an active biochar organic fertilizer needs to be designed to meet the requirement.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to provide an active biochar organic fertilizer and a preparation method thereof, and aims to solve the problems in the background technology.

In order to achieve the purpose, the invention provides the following technical scheme:

an active biochar organic fertilizer comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 40-50 parts of crop straw, 20-30 parts of peanut shell, 25-40 parts of rice husk, 30-40 parts of hay, 30-40 parts of poultry manure, 20-30 parts of kitchen garbage, 10-20 parts of vinasse, 10-20 parts of nitrogen fertilizer, 4-8 parts of potassium fertilizer, 5-9 parts of phosphate fertilizer, 1-3 parts of microbial agent and 5-10 parts of bentonite.

As a further scheme of the invention: the active biochar organic fertilizer comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 43-47 parts of crop straw, 23-27 parts of peanut shell, 30-36 parts of rice husk, 33-37 parts of hay, 33-37 parts of poultry manure, 25-27 parts of kitchen garbage, 14-16 parts of vinasse, 14-16 parts of nitrogen fertilizer, 5-7 parts of potassium fertilizer, 6-8 parts of phosphate fertilizer, 1.5-2.5 parts of microbial agent and 6-8 parts of bentonite.

As a still further scheme of the invention: the active biochar organic fertilizer comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 45 parts of crop straw, 25 parts of peanut shell, 33 parts of rice husk, 35 parts of hay, 35 parts of poultry manure, 26 parts of kitchen waste, 15 parts of vinasse, 15 parts of nitrogen fertilizer, 6 parts of potassium fertilizer, 7 parts of phosphate fertilizer, 2 parts of microbial agent and 7 parts of bentonite.

As a still further scheme of the invention: the rice husk comprises one or the combination of two of rice husk and wheat husk in equal parts by weight; the nitrogen fertilizer comprises one or the combination of a plurality of ammonium bicarbonate, potassium sulfate, ammonium sulfate and urea in equal parts by weight; the potash fertilizer comprises one or a combination of a plurality of potassium sulfate, monopotassium phosphate, sylvite, potassium magnesium salt, carnallite and potassium nitrate in equal parts by weight; the phosphate fertilizer comprises one or a combination of multiple of ordinary superphosphate, triple superphosphate, monoammonium phosphate and diammonium phosphate in equal parts by weight; the microbial agent comprises one or a combination of a plurality of aspergillus niger agents, bacillus subtilis, lactobacillus plantarum and actinomycetes in equal parts by weight.

As a still further scheme of the invention: a preparation method of an active biochar organic fertilizer comprises the following steps:

s1, taking 45 parts of crop straws, 25 parts of peanut shells, 33 parts of rice husks and 35 parts of hay, drying, heating for 1-2 hours under the conditions of no oxygen and 1000 ℃ at 800-;

s2, taking 35 parts of poultry manure, 26 parts of kitchen garbage and 15 parts of vinasse, sequentially crushing, adding 10 parts of water, and stirring for 5-10 minutes to obtain a mixture A;

s3, adding charcoal powder and 2 parts of microbial agent into the mixture A, adding 10 parts of water, and stirring for 5-10 minutes to obtain a mixture B;

s4, placing the mixture B in a shade place for fermentation for 15-20 days, and turning the fermented product once every 1-2 hours to obtain the fermented product;

s5, taking 15 parts of nitrogenous fertilizer, 6 parts of potash fertilizer, 7 parts of phosphate fertilizer and 7 parts of bentonite, sequentially crushing, sieving with a 150-mesh sieve, adding each crushed raw material into the fermentation product, and stirring for 10-20 minutes to obtain a mixture C;

and S6, conveying the mixture C to a granulation tower for granulation to obtain the active biochar organic fertilizer.

Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:

1. according to the invention, the biochar, the livestock manure and the chemical fertilizer are combined, so that the problem of soil hardening can be effectively solved, the air permeability and the water retention of the internal structure of the soil are better, and the pH value of the soil can be effectively adjusted;

2. the invention also adopts the microbial agent, so that the content of beneficial microorganisms in the soil can be improved, and heavy metal components in the soil can be adsorbed, thereby preventing the heavy metal components from causing harm to crops;

3. the active biochar organic fertilizer disclosed by the invention is strong in fertility, green and environment-friendly, and the economic benefit and the environmental benefit are obviously improved.

Detailed Description

The technical solution of the present invention will be described in further detail with reference to specific embodiments.