阅读说明：本技术 一种可显著提升花生产量的微生物肥料 (Microbial fertilizer capable of remarkably increasing peanut yield ) 是由 王胜 毛庆莲 曹林波 于 2020-07-18 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明公开了一种可显著提升花生产量的微生物肥料,包括以下成分：微生物菌剂、有机肥料、无机肥料、复合杀虫剂和水。所述的微生物菌剂,包括以下成分：极端嗜热菌菌剂、枯草芽抱杆菌菌剂、酵母菌菌剂和地衣芽孢杆菌菌剂；所述的有机肥料,包括以下成分：禽畜粪便、豆粕、木屑和菌渣；所述的无机肥料,包括以下成分：尿素、磷酸二氢钾、硼砂、麦饭石粉和硫酸亚铁；所述的复合杀虫剂包括阿维菌素和赤霉素。该微生物肥料充分考虑到了花生生长过程中的各种营养,同时还考虑到了病虫害以及花生种植中后期可能出现的营养过剩、不易扎针的情况,最终得到了一次性施肥就可以显著提升花生产量的微生物肥料,该肥料可提升花生产量20％以上。(The invention discloses a microbial fertilizer capable of remarkably improving peanut yield, which comprises the following components: microbial inoculum, organic fertilizer, inorganic fertilizer, compound insecticide and water. The microbial agent comprises the following components: an extreme thermophilic bacteria agent, a bacillus subtilis agent, a yeast agent and a bacillus licheniformis agent; the organic fertilizer comprises the following components: poultry and livestock manure, bean pulp, wood dust and mushroom dregs; the inorganic fertilizer comprises the following components: urea, potassium dihydrogen phosphate, borax, medical stone powder and ferrous sulfate; the compound pesticide comprises abamectin and gibberellin. The microbial fertilizer fully considers various nutrients in the growth process of peanuts, simultaneously considers the plant diseases and insect pests and the conditions of excessive nutrition and difficult needle pricking which may occur in the middle and later periods of peanut planting, finally obtains the microbial fertilizer which can obviously improve the peanut yield by one-time fertilization, and can improve the peanut yield by more than 20%.)

1. The microbial fertilizer capable of remarkably improving the yield of peanuts is characterized by comprising the following components: microbial inoculum, organic fertilizer, inorganic fertilizer, compound insecticide and water.

2. The microbial fertilizer capable of substantially increasing the yield of peanuts as claimed in claim 1, wherein the microbial agent comprises the following components: an extreme thermophilic bacteria agent, a bacillus subtilis agent, a yeast agent and a bacillus licheniformis agent.

3. The microbial fertilizer capable of substantially improving the yield of peanuts as claimed in claim 1, wherein the microbial agent comprises the following components in parts by weight: 20-30 parts of extreme thermophilic bacteria agent, 30-40 parts of bacillus subtilis agent, 15-20 parts of saccharomycete agent and 35-50 parts of bacillus licheniformis agent.

4. The microbial fertilizer capable of remarkably improving the yield of peanuts as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the total amount of various microorganisms in the microbial agent is more than or equal to 1 × 10⁹CFU/g。

5. The microbial fertilizer for substantially increasing the yield of peanuts as claimed in claim 1, wherein the organic fertilizer comprises the following components: livestock and poultry manure, soybean meal, wood dust and mushroom dregs.

6. The microbial fertilizer capable of remarkably improving the yield of peanuts as claimed in claim 5, wherein the organic fertilizer consists of the following components in percentage by weight: 18-25% of livestock and poultry manure, 5-10% of soybean meal, 3-8% of wood chips and the balance of mushroom dregs.

7. The microbial fertilizer capable of remarkably improving the yield of peanuts as claimed in claim 1, wherein the inorganic fertilizer comprises the following components in percentage by weight: 60-80 parts of urea, 15-25 parts of monopotassium phosphate, 2-5 parts of borax, 10-15 parts of medical stone powder and 3-5 parts of ferrous sulfate.

8. The microbial fertilizer capable of remarkably improving the yield of peanuts as claimed in claim 1, wherein the composite pesticide consists of 70-85% of abamectin and 15-30% of gibberellin in percentage by mass.

9. A preparation method of a microbial fertilizer capable of remarkably improving peanut yield is characterized by comprising the following steps:

A. putting an inorganic fertilizer and an organic fertilizer into a compost fermentation mixer, and stirring and mixing to obtain a mixed fertilizer, wherein the carbon-nitrogen ratio of the mixed fertilizer is 20-35, and the water content of the mixed fertilizer is 12-18 wt%;

B. adding a microbial agent into a compost fermentation mixer, wherein the weight ratio of the microbial agent to the mixed fertilizer is (2-5): 100, controlling the speed of a rotor to be 80-120rpm, continuously stirring and fermenting for 8-12h, wherein the temperature of materials in a composting fermentation mixer is 40-45 ℃;

C. adding water into the fertilizer, then putting the fertilizer into a tank, and stacking, wherein the height of a stack body is set to be less than or equal to 3m, and the water content of the fermentation raw material is 40-50%; turning over the fertilizer when the temperature of the pile body rises to 50-55 ℃ and lasts for more than 1 day, turning over the fertilizer once every 2 days, wherein the time of tank type fermentation is 12-15 days;

D. and (3) transferring the fertilizer into a composting fermentation mixer again, adjusting the speed of a rotor to 40-50rpm, slowly adding the compound insecticide, continuously stirring and fermenting for 30-45min after the adding is finished, and cooling the materials in the composting fermentation mixer at the temperature of 65-70 ℃.

10. The method for preparing the microbial fertilizer capable of remarkably improving the yield of the peanuts as claimed in claim 9, wherein the microbial fertilizer is used within 12 hours after being prepared.

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of fertilizers, in particular to a microbial fertilizer capable of remarkably increasing the yield of peanuts.

Background

Peanuts are an annual herb. The root has abundant root nodules; the stem is upright or creeping, the length of the stem is 30-80 cm, the stem and the branch have edges, the stem is yellow and soft, and then the stem becomes hairless. The leaves typically have 2 pairs of leaflets; the length of the leaf support is 2-4 cm, and the leaf support has longitudinal veins and hair; the base of the petiole embraces the stem, is 5-10 cm long and is hairy; the leaflet paper is characterized by being oval-shaped to inverted oval-shaped, 2-4 cm long, 0.5-2 cm wide, blunt and round at the tip, slightly concave at times, small sharp heads, nearly round at the base, full edge, double-sided hair and eyelash at the edge; about 10 lateral veins on each side; the edges of the veins are mutually connected into a net shape; petiole is 2-5 mm long and is long hair yellow brown; the flower length is about 8 mm; bud 2, wrapping needle shape; the small bract is in the shape of a needle, is about 5 mm long, has longitudinal veins and is soft; the calyx tube is thin and 4-6 cm long; the corolla is yellow or golden yellow, the diameter of the flag petal is 1.7 cm, the flag petal is developed, and the tip is concave; the petal is separated from the keel petal, and is long and thin; the keel flap is oval and inward-curved, the tip of the keel flap is gradually narrowed into a beak shape, and the keel flap is shorter than the wing flap; the style extends outside the calyx tube pharynx, and the top of the style is growing, small, and has the function of smoothing the hair. The pod is 2-5 cm long, 1-1.3 cm wide, inflated, thick, and 0.5-1 cm in transverse diameter. The flower and fruit period is 6-8 months.

Although the distribution range of peanuts in China is wide, the production layout is relatively centralized because the growth and development of the peanuts need certain temperature, water and a proper growth period. The 2008 + 2012-year planting area of 150 mu provinces has 14 Yu, Lu, Ji, Guangdong, Liao, Chuan, Wan, Gui, Hu, Jiang, Ji, Xiang, Su and Min, the planting area of the provinces accounts for 93.5 percent of the whole country, the total production accounts for 96.0 percent of the whole country, and the province becomes the main production area of peanuts in China. Wherein the annual planting area of peanuts in 9 provinces in the south exceeds 150 ten thousand acres, and the total planting area accounts for 35.8 percent of the whole country; the total production accounts for 30.3% of the country.

Disclosure of Invention

Based on the technical problems in the background art, the invention provides a microbial fertilizer capable of remarkably improving the yield of peanuts.

The technical scheme of the invention is as follows:

a microbial fertilizer capable of remarkably improving peanut yield comprises the following components: microbial inoculum, organic fertilizer, inorganic fertilizer, compound insecticide and water.

Preferably, the microbial agent comprises the following components: an extreme thermophilic bacteria agent, a bacillus subtilis agent, a yeast agent and a bacillus licheniformis agent.

Further preferably, the microbial agent comprises the following components in parts by weight: 20-30 parts of extreme thermophilic bacteria agent, 30-40 parts of bacillus subtilis agent, 15-20 parts of saccharomycete agent and 35-50 parts of bacillus licheniformis agent.

Preferably, in the microbial agent, the total amount of various microorganisms is more than or equal to 1 × 10⁹CFU/g。

Preferably, the organic fertilizer comprises the following components: livestock and poultry manure, soybean meal, wood dust and mushroom dregs.

Further preferably, the organic fertilizer comprises the following components in percentage by weight: 18-25% of livestock and poultry manure, 5-10% of soybean meal, 3-8% of wood chips and the balance of mushroom dregs.

The inorganic fertilizer comprises the following components in percentage by weight: 60-80 parts of urea, 15-25 parts of monopotassium phosphate, 2-5 parts of borax, 10-15 parts of medical stone powder and 3-5 parts of ferrous sulfate.

Preferably, the compound pesticide comprises abamectin and gibberellin.

Further preferably, the compound pesticide consists of 70-85% of abamectin and 15-30% of gibberellin in percentage by mass.

A preparation method of a microbial fertilizer capable of remarkably improving peanut yield comprises the following steps:

A. putting an inorganic fertilizer and an organic fertilizer into a compost fermentation mixer, and stirring and mixing to obtain a mixed fertilizer, wherein the carbon-nitrogen ratio of the mixed fertilizer is 20-35, and the water content of the mixed fertilizer is 12-18 wt%;

B. adding a microbial agent into a compost fermentation mixer, wherein the weight ratio of the microbial agent to the mixed fertilizer is (2-5): 100, controlling the speed of a rotor to be 80-120rpm, continuously stirring and fermenting for 8-12h, wherein the temperature of materials in a composting fermentation mixer is 40-45 ℃;

C. adding water into the fertilizer, then putting the fertilizer into a tank, and stacking, wherein the height of a stack body is set to be less than or equal to 3m, and the water content of the fermentation raw material is 40-50%; turning over the fertilizer when the temperature of the pile body rises to 50-55 ℃ and lasts for more than 1 day, turning over the fertilizer once every 2 days, wherein the time of tank type fermentation is 12-15 days;

D. and (3) transferring the fertilizer into a composting fermentation mixer again, adjusting the speed of a rotor to 40-50rpm, slowly adding the compound insecticide, continuously stirring and fermenting for 30-45min after the adding is finished, and cooling the materials in the composting fermentation mixer at the temperature of 65-70 ℃.

Preferably, the microbial fertilizer is used within 12 hours after being prepared.

The invention has the advantages that: the microbial fertilizer capable of remarkably improving the peanut yield comprises the following components: microbial inoculum, organic fertilizer, inorganic fertilizer, compound insecticide and water. The microbial agent comprises the following components: an extreme thermophilic bacteria agent, a bacillus subtilis agent, a yeast agent and a bacillus licheniformis agent; the organic fertilizer comprises the following components: poultry and livestock manure, bean pulp, wood dust and mushroom dregs; the inorganic fertilizer comprises the following components: urea, potassium dihydrogen phosphate, borax, medical stone powder and ferrous sulfate; the compound pesticide comprises abamectin and gibberellin. The microbial fertilizer fully considers various nutrients in the growth process of peanuts, also considers the plant diseases and insect pests and the conditions of excessive nutrients possibly occurring in the middle and later periods of peanut planting and difficult puncturing, comprehensively considers the variety and the preparation method of the fertilizer, finally obtains the microbial fertilizer which can obviously improve the peanut yield by one-time fertilization, and can improve the peanut yield by more than 20%.

Detailed Description