阅读说明：本技术 X射线管及用于x射线管的阳极 (X-ray tube and anode for an X-ray tube ) 是由 周奇 程如柏 董晓 于 2020-06-17 设计创作，主要内容包括：本申请公开了一种用于X射线管的阳极,该阳极沿轴向方向包括第一区段和第二区段,第一区段被密封在X射线管的外壳内,在第一区段的沿轴向方向的一端设置有靶面,第二区段从第一区段的与靶面相对的另一端延伸到外壳之外,在第二区段上设置有沿竖直方向的第一通孔,第一通孔沿第二区段的径向方向贯穿第二区段,其中,X射线管浸渍在冷却介质中,使得冷却介质从下向上流动通过第一通孔以形成循环的自由对流。本申请还公开了一种X射线管。通过这样的布置,能够更有效地提高X射线管的散热效果。(The application discloses an anode for an X-ray tube, the anode comprises a first section and a second section along the axial direction, the first section is sealed in a shell of the X-ray tube, a target surface is arranged at one end of the first section along the axial direction, the second section extends out of the shell from the other end of the first section opposite to the target surface, a first through hole along the vertical direction is arranged on the second section, the first through hole penetrates through the second section along the radial direction of the second section, wherein the X-ray tube is immersed in a cooling medium, so that the cooling medium flows through the first through hole from bottom to top to form circulating free convection. The application also discloses an X-ray tube. With this arrangement, the heat radiation effect of the X-ray tube can be more effectively improved.)

1. An anode for an X-ray tube, the anode comprising in an axial direction:

a first section (11), the first section (11) being sealed within a housing (3) of the X-ray tube (100), a target surface (111) being provided at one end of the first section (11) in an axial direction (X); and

a second section (12), the second section (12) being surrounded by the housing and extending outwardly in the axial direction (X) from the other end of the first section (11) opposite the target surface (111),

it is characterized in that the preparation method is characterized in that,

a first through-opening (121) is provided in the second section (12) in the vertical direction (Z), said first through-opening (121) penetrating the second section (12) in the radial direction of the second section (12), wherein the X-ray tube (100) is immersed in a cooling medium (M) such that the cooling medium flows through the first through-opening (121) from the bottom to the top in order to form a circulating free convection.

2. The anode according to claim 1, characterized in that the temperature in the vicinity of the top end of the first through hole (121) in the vertical direction (Z) is higher than the temperature in the vicinity of the bottom end of the first through hole (121) in the vertical direction (Z).

3. Anode according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the diameter of the second section (12) is smaller than the diameter of the first section (11) such that a cooling medium flow channel is formed between the second section (12) and the open end of the housing.

4. Anode according to any of claim 3, characterized in that the cooling medium flow channels comprise a low temperature channel (13) below the second section (12) and a high temperature channel (14) above the second section (12).

5. Anode according to claim 1, characterized in that a plurality of the first through holes (121) are provided side by side in the axial direction (X) on the second section (12).

6. Anode according to claim 1 or 5, characterized in that the first through hole (121) has a circular cross section, a rectangular cross section or a trapezoidal cross section.

7. Anode according to claim 1 or 5, characterized in that a second through hole (122) is provided on the second section (12) at the same axial position as the first through hole (121) through the second section (12) in radial direction, wherein the second through hole (122) intersects the first through hole (121) at this axial position.

8. Anode according to claim 7, characterized in that the first through hole (121) and the second through hole (122) at the same axial position are perpendicular to each other.

9. The anode according to claim 7, wherein the second through hole (122) has a circular cross section, a rectangular cross section or a trapezoidal cross section.

10. An X-ray tube, characterized in that the X-ray tube (100) comprises:

-an anode (1) according to any one of claims 1 to 9;

a cathode (2);

and a housing (3), the cathode (2) and the first section (11) of the anode (1) being enclosed and sealed within the housing (3).

Technical Field

The present application relates to an anode for an X-ray tube, and an X-ray tube comprising the anode.

Background

99% of the energy of the X-ray tube during operation is converted into heat. In view of this, whether the heat energy generated by the X-ray tube during operation can be conducted away in time becomes a decisive factor for limiting the continuous power of the X-ray tube (especially, the fixed anode X-ray tube). In practical application, phenomena that the target surface is cracked or melted due to overhigh anode temperature of the X-ray tube, the working stability and the service life of a product are seriously affected due to ignition in the tube, cracking of insulating oil and the like caused by overhigh anode temperature often occur.

At present, the cooling of the anode of the fixed anode X-ray tube is usually to add an additional heat sink at the bottom of the fixed anode and fix it by thermal coupling or soldering to increase the contact area with the cooling medium, so as to achieve the heat dissipation effect. This heat dissipation reduces the heat dissipation effect because there is a large thermal resistance between the heat sink and the stationary anode and the heat sink hinders the fluidity of the cooling medium around the stationary anode. Overall, this approach is inefficient in heat dissipation and the heat sink incurs additional cost.

Disclosure of Invention

In order to overcome the above-mentioned drawbacks of the prior art, the present application provides an anode for an X-ray tube, the anode comprising in axial direction: a first section sealed within a housing of the X-ray tube, a target surface being provided at one end of the first section in an axial direction; and a second section surrounded by a housing and extending outward in an axial direction from the other end of the first section opposite to the target surface, wherein a first through hole in a vertical direction is provided on the second section, the first through hole penetrating the second section in a radial direction of the second section, wherein the X-ray tube is immersed in a cooling medium such that the cooling medium flows through the first through hole from bottom to top to form a circulating free convection.

Further, the temperature near the top end of the first through hole in the vertical direction is higher than the temperature near the bottom end of the first through hole in the vertical direction.

Further, the diameter of the second section is smaller than the diameter of the first section such that a cooling medium flow channel is formed between the second section and the open end of the housing.

Further, the cooling medium flow passage includes a low temperature passage located below the second section and a high temperature passage located above the second section.

Further, a plurality of the first through holes are provided side by side in the axial direction on the second section.

Further, the first through hole has a circular section, a rectangular section, or a trapezoidal section.

Further, a second through hole penetrating the second section in the radial direction is provided at the same axial position on the second section as the first through hole, wherein the second through hole intersects the first through hole at the axial position.

Further, the first through hole and the second through hole at the same axial position are perpendicular to each other.

Further, the second through hole has a circular cross section, a rectangular cross section, or a trapezoidal cross section.

Furthermore, the present application also provides an X-ray tube comprising: an anode as hereinbefore described; a cathode; and a housing within which the cathode and the first section of the anode are enclosed and sealed.

The anode and the X-ray tube are simple in design, do not affect the size, design and assembly of other parts of the X-ray tube, utilize the free convection characteristic of a cooling medium to establish automatic internal circulation to achieve a cooling effect without increasing any power and tools, and improve the heat dissipation effect of the X-ray tube on the basis of not increasing excessive cost.

Drawings

The accompanying drawings are included to provide a further understanding of the application and are incorporated in and constitute a part of this application, illustrate embodiment(s) of the application and together with the description serve to explain the application and not to limit the application. In the drawings:

fig. 1 is a schematic side sectional view showing an anode for an X-ray tube according to the present application;

fig. 2 is a schematic side sectional view showing an X-ray tube according to the present application;

fig. 3 and 4 show the computer simulation results.

List of reference numerals

1 Anode

11 first section

111 target surface

12 second section

121 first through hole

122 second through hole

13 cryogenic tunnel

14 high temperature channel

100X-ray tube

2 cathode

3 outer cover

In the X axial direction

In the Z vertical direction

M Cooling Medium

Detailed Description

The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application will be described in detail below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present application. It should be noted that the embodiments and features of the embodiments in the present application may be combined with each other without conflict.

As shown in fig. 1, the present application provides an anode 1 for an X-ray tube. The anode 1 comprises a first section 11 and a second section 12 in the axial direction. The first section 11 and the second section 12 may each be generally rod-shaped.

The first section 11 of the anode 1 is sealed within the housing 3 of the X-ray tube 100 as shown in fig. 2. At one end of the first section 11 in the axial direction X (the left end as viewed in fig. 1 and 2) a target surface 111 is provided for receiving electron bombardment from the cathode 2 of the X-ray tube 100. As shown in fig. 2, the other end (right end as viewed in fig. 1 and 2) of the first section 11 in the axial direction is sealed from the housing 3, whereby the cathode 2 and the first section 11 of the anode 1 are both surrounded by the housing 3 and sealed within the housing 3.

The second section 12 is surrounded by the housing 3 and extends outwardly in the axial direction X from the other end of the first section 11 opposite the target surface 111. As shown in fig. 2, the second section 12 of the anode 1 is located within the open end of the housing 3, and the second section 12 extends outwardly in the axial direction X from the end of the first section 11 that is sealed from the housing 3. In particular, the second section 12 is integrally formed with the first section 11.

As shown in fig. 1 and 2, a first through hole 121 in the vertical direction Z (i.e., the direction of gravity) is provided on the second section 12. The first through hole 121 penetrates the second section 12 in a radial direction of the second section 12. The X-ray tube 100 is immersed in a cooling medium M (such as insulating oil, etc.). Since the highest temperature of the X-ray tube 100 during use occurs near the upper portion of the end of the first section sealed from the housing 3 (verified by the present inventors through the computer simulation results as shown in fig. 3 and 4), as indicated by the dots in fig. 2, the cooling medium (such as insulating oil) within the first through hole 121 decreases in density and floats up after absorbing the heat of the anode, so that the cooling medium automatically flows through the first through hole 121 from bottom to top and forms a circulating free convection together with the external cooling medium, thereby achieving the cooling effect of the X-ray tube.

As can be seen from the computer simulation result of fig. 4, the highest temperature of the X-ray tube 100 during use occurs near the upper portion of the end of the first section sealed with the housing 3, and thus, the temperature near the top end of the first through hole 121 in the vertical direction Z is higher than the temperature near the bottom end of the first through hole 121 in the vertical direction Z.

As shown in fig. 1 and 2, the diameter of the second section 12 is smaller than the diameter of the first section 11, so that a cooling medium flow passage is formed between the second section 12 and the open end of the housing 3. The cooling medium flow passage includes a low temperature passage 13 located below the second section 12 and a high temperature passage 14 located above the second section 12. In use, since the temperature of the top end of the first through hole 121 in the vertical direction Z is higher than the temperature of the bottom end during use of the X-ray tube 100, as shown by the arrow in fig. 2, the cooling medium outside the X-ray tube 100 may enter the first through hole 121 via the low temperature channel 13, travel from bottom to top through the first through hole 121, and flow back to the outside of the X-ray tube 100 via the high temperature channel 14, thereby automatically forming a circulating free convection to achieve cooling of the anode 1 of the X-ray tube 100.

According to a preferred embodiment, not shown in the figures, a plurality of first through holes 121 may be provided side by side in the axial direction X on the second section 12. By such an arrangement, the flow rate of the cooling medium through the high-temperature region can be increased, so that the cooling medium takes more heat away during circulation to improve the cooling effect.

According to a preferred embodiment, as shown in fig. 1, a second through hole 122 may be provided on the second section 12 at the same axial position as the first through hole 121, penetrating the second section 12 in the radial direction. The second through hole 122 intersects the first through hole 121 at the axial position. If the X-ray tube 100 is rotated at an angle during use, the first through hole 121 is no longer in the vertical direction, and the cooling effect is reduced because the top of the first through hole is no longer adjacent to the highest temperature position of the anode 1. Therefore, with the arrangement of the second through holes 122 as described above, in the case where there is a rotation of the X-ray tube 100 by a certain angle, the second through holes 122 can be in the vertical direction instead of the first through holes 121, thereby maintaining the optimum cooling effect. In the embodiment shown in fig. 1, the first through hole 121 and the second through hole 122 at the same axial position are perpendicular to each other, thereby coping with 90 degrees of rotation of the anode 1 of the X-ray tube 100. Of course, more through holes may be provided intersecting each other at the same axial position in order to accommodate any rotation angle that may occur.

In addition, the diameters of the first through hole 121 and the second through hole 122 may be selected to have a suitable diameter according to the diameter of the anode 1. Each of the first and second through holes 121 and 122 may have various sectional shapes such as, but not limited to, a circular section, a rectangular section, or a trapezoidal section.

The present application further provides an X-ray tube 100. The X-ray tube 100 includes an anode 1, a cathode 2, and a housing 3. As shown in fig. 2, the cathode 2 and the first section 11 of the anode 1 are enclosed and sealed within the housing 3. The X-ray tube 100 is entirely immersed in a cooling medium M (such as insulating oil) to cool the X-ray tube 100.

The cooling medium M may be, but is not limited to, insulating oil. As will be appreciated by those skilled in the art, any cooling medium that has a cooling effect and a reduced thermal density may be used in the present application.

Through the arrangement mode of anode 1 and X-ray tube 100 of this application, utilize the through-hole internal cooling medium to absorb density reduction come-up and flow out from the through-hole top after the anode heat, in low temperature insulating oil gets into the through-hole from the through-hole below, form the free convection of circulation in cycles, last cooling the anode, can effectively increase the long-time exposure power of X-ray tube. And the lower-temperature insulating oil flowing out of the through hole is mixed with the upper-temperature insulating oil, so that the oil temperature can be effectively reduced, and the oil is prevented from cracking.

As can be seen from the computer simulation results of fig. 4, the solution provided with the first through hole of the present application can significantly reduce the maximum temperature occurring in the anode 1 during use of the X-ray tube 100, compared to a solution not provided with the first through hole.

Since the solution of the present application only requires the provision of through holes in the vertical direction in the second section of the anode, a simple design is provided without affecting the size, design and assembly of the other components of the X-ray tube. The technical scheme of this application utilizes the free convection characteristic of coolant to establish automatic internal circulation and need not to increase any power and frock in order to realize the cooling effect, has improved the radiating effect of X-ray tube on the basis that does not increase too much cost simultaneously.

The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present application and is not intended to limit the present application, and various modifications and changes may be made by those skilled in the art. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement and the like made within the spirit and principle of the present application shall be included in the protection scope of the present application.