阅读说明：本技术 一种酸奶加工生产装置及其加工方法 (Yoghourt processing production device and processing method thereof ) 是由 索南昂旦 于 2020-06-24 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明公开了一种酸奶加工生产装置,包括基板,基板上设置有两个过滤单元,过滤单元包括箱体,箱体下端与基板连接；箱体内设置有过滤纱布,箱体上方通过第二管道与主管道连通,两个箱体之间通过连接管连通,连接管上设置有添料管,过滤盘内设置有超滤膜,过滤盘下端设置有出料管,过滤盘与基板连接；各过滤单元结构相同且相互对称设置。通过本发明分离浓缩菌体细胞,除去乳酸菌生长过程中产生的抑制乳酸菌生长的乳酸等物质,延长乳酸菌生长对数期,增强发酵剂活力,从而提高生产效率。并且在超滤的同时,不断向系统中添加菌体生长的营养物质和缓冲盐,来满足菌体生长的营养并起到调节PH值的作用,以期获得菌体生长最佳环境。(The invention discloses a yoghourt processing and producing device which comprises a base plate, wherein two filtering units are arranged on the base plate, each filtering unit comprises a box body, and the lower end of each box body is connected with the base plate; the filtering gauze is arranged in the box body, the upper part of the box body is communicated with the main pipeline through a second pipeline, the two box bodies are communicated through a connecting pipe, a feeding pipe is arranged on the connecting pipe, an ultrafiltration membrane is arranged in the filtering disc, a discharging pipe is arranged at the lower end of the filtering disc, and the filtering disc is connected with the base plate; the filtering units have the same structure and are symmetrically arranged. By separating and concentrating the thallus cells, substances such as lactic acid and the like which are generated in the growth process of the lactic acid bacteria and inhibit the growth of the lactic acid bacteria are removed, the logarithmic phase of the growth of the lactic acid bacteria is prolonged, and the activity of a leavening agent is enhanced, so that the production efficiency is improved. And continuously adding nutrient substances and buffer salt for the growth of the thalli into the system while performing ultrafiltration to meet the nutrition for the growth of the thalli and play a role in regulating the pH value so as to obtain the optimal environment for the growth of the thalli.)

1. A yoghourt processing and producing device is characterized in that: the filter comprises a substrate (1), wherein two filter units (2) are arranged on the substrate (1), each filter unit (2) comprises a box body (3), and the lower end of each box body (3) is connected with the substrate (1);

a filter gauze (5) is arranged in the box body (3), the upper part of the box body (3) is communicated with a main pipeline (7) through second pipelines (6), each second pipeline (6) is sleeved with a positioning ring (8), and each positioning ring (8) is connected with the upper end of the box body (3) through each positioning block (9);

the two box bodies (3) are communicated through a connecting pipe (10), a material adding pipe (11) is arranged on the connecting pipe (10), the upper half section of the material adding pipe (11) is respectively connected with the upper end of each box body (3) through a fixing piece (12), and the connecting pipe (10) is positioned above the filtering gauze (5);

the lower half sections of the box bodies (3) are communicated through third pipelines (13), valves (15) are arranged on the third pipelines (13), the third pipelines (13) are communicated with a filter box (17) through fourth pipelines (16), the upper end of the filter box (17) is connected with a nitrogen tank (19) through a fifth pipeline (18), and electromagnetic valves and air pressure meters are arranged on the fifth pipeline (18);

the filter box (17) is connected with the upper end of a filter disc (21) through a sixth pipeline (20), an ultrafiltration membrane is arranged in the filter disc (21), a discharge pipe (23) is arranged at the lower end of the filter disc (21), and the filter disc (21) is connected with the base plate (1); the filtering units (2) are identical in structure and are symmetrically arranged.

2. The yogurt processing and production apparatus of claim 1, wherein: two first supporting feet (26) are arranged at the bottom of the base plate (1), the lower end of each first supporting foot (26) is connected with the upper end of each stabilizing seat (27), and the cross section of each stabilizing seat (27) is gradually enlarged from top to bottom.

3. The yogurt processing and production apparatus of claim 1, wherein: a positioning frame (28) is arranged in the box body (3), the filtering gauze (5) is arranged in the positioning frame (28), and the outer wall of the positioning frame (28) is connected with the inner wall of the box body (3);

the utility model discloses a filter gauze, including box (3), box (3) top feed inlet department is provided with connecting plate (29), be provided with a plurality of first pipeline (30) on connecting plate (29), each first pipeline (30) upper end run through in connecting plate (29) and with second pipeline (6) intercommunication, each first pipeline (30) are located filter gauze (5) top.

4. The yogurt processing and production apparatus of claim 3, wherein: be provided with locating plate (31) in box (3), locating plate (31) are located connecting plate (29) with between locating frame (28), the outward flange of locating plate (31) through a plurality of connecting block (32) with box (3) inner wall connection, each first pipeline (30) are the setting of rectangle array and lower half section downwardly extending run through in locating plate (31).

5. The yogurt processing and production apparatus of claim 3, wherein: the utility model discloses a feed inlet, including box (3), connecting cover (33) upper end be provided with connecting cover (33), the lower extreme of connecting cover (33) with box (3) top outer wall connection and with the feed inlet cooperation is used, the upper end of connecting plate (29) with box (3) top inner wall connection and with the feed inlet cooperation is used, connecting cover (33) upper end is connected with second pipeline (6), connecting cover (33) is from last cross section grow gradually extremely down.

6. The yogurt processing and production apparatus of claim 2, wherein: the filter box (17) sets up on first backup pad (35), nitrogen gas jar (19) set up on second backup pad (36), first backup pad (35) all are provided with second supporting legs (37) with second backup pad (36) bottom, first backup pad (35) and second backup pad (36) respectively with each first supporting leg (26) are connected, the bottom of second supporting legs (37) with the bottom of stabilizing seat (27) flushes.

7. Yogurt processing apparatus as in any of claims 1 to 6, characterized by: the outer wall of the filter disc (21) is provided with two mutually symmetrical fixing blocks (38), each fixing block (38) is movably sleeved on each screw rod (39), the upper end of each screw rod (39) is connected with the lower end of the base plate (1), each screw rod (39) is sleeved with a limiting nut (50), and each limiting nut (50) is located below the fixing block (38).

8. A yogurt processing method comprising the processing and production device of claim 1, which is characterized in that: collecting yak milk samples; leading the yak milk of gathering to filtration unit (2) in through trunk line (7), filter through filtration gauze (5) in filtration unit (2), it gets into rose box (17) through second pipeline (6) to pass through filterable yak milk, provide stable atmospheric pressure through nitrogen gas jar (19), realize the ultrafiltration through opening 13 cooperation milipore filters of first solenoid valve, separate concentrated somatic cell, detach the lactic acid of the inhibition lactic acid bacteria growth that lactic acid bacteria growth in-process produced, carry out intermittent type feed method through adding material pipe (11) simultaneously.

9. The yogurt processing method using the processing and producing device as claimed in claim 8, wherein: the intermittent feeding method comprises the specific operation steps that nutrients for thallus growth and buffer salt are added through a feeding pipe (11), and simultaneously small molecules for inhibiting fermentation by lactic acid and lactate are continuously removed from the system.

10. The yogurt processing method using the processing and producing device as claimed in claim 8, wherein: when the yak milk sample is collected, the local composite probiotic group of the Qinghai-Tibet plateau is adopted for fermentation, the sour yak milk sample of the Qinghai-Tibet plateau is collected, the sample preserves the beneficial microorganism composite probiotic group in the local natural environment, the composite probiotics in the sample is separated and purified, and the composite probiotics of lactic acid bacteria and saccharomycetes are adopted for co-fermentation to produce the yak milk.

Technical Field

The invention relates to a processing and producing device, in particular to a yoghourt processing and producing device and a processing method thereof.

Background

Yak milk is also called as 'natural concentrated milk', is an important food and dairy processing raw material for people in plateau regions, simultaneously, the abundant nutrient components of the yak milk provide a good nutrient basis for the growth and the propagation of microorganisms, and in addition, the dry matter, the protein, the fat, the lactose and the mineral substance content of the yak milk are higher than those of other milks. The yak yoghourt prepared from yak milk is a very traditional milk beverage in folk, is superior to milk in nutrition, can help digestion and increase appetite, has the functions of bacteriostasis, astringency, sedation and hypnosis, and has a treatment effect on chronic patients with slight diarrhea. It has also been found by physicians to reduce cholesterol concentration, prevent arteriosclerosis and tumors, and prevent premature aging. On one hand, the existing production process of fermented yak milk has long production and fermentation time and low production efficiency; on the other hand, the growth environment of the thalli in the existing production process is not good; on the other hand, the produced organic yak yoghourt has poor flavor and state.

Therefore, the technical personnel in the field are dedicated to develop a yoghourt processing and producing device and a processing method thereof, which optimize the production process of fermented yak milk, shorten the production and fermentation time, improve the production efficiency and simultaneously enable the flavor and the state of the produced organic yak yoghourt to be better than those of the directly-thrown strains.

Disclosure of Invention

In view of the above defects in the prior art, the technical problem to be solved by the invention is to provide a yogurt processing production device and a processing method thereof, wherein the yogurt processing production device optimizes a fermented yak milk production process, shortens production and fermentation time, improves production efficiency, and simultaneously enables the flavor and state of the produced organic yak yogurt to be superior to those of a direct vat set strain.

In order to achieve the purpose, the invention provides a yoghourt processing and producing device which comprises a base plate, wherein two filtering units are arranged on the base plate, each filtering unit comprises a box body, and the lower end of each box body is connected with the base plate;

a filter gauze is arranged in the box body, the upper part of the box body is communicated with the main pipeline through second pipelines, each second pipeline is sleeved with a positioning ring, and each positioning ring is connected with the upper end of the box body through each positioning block;

the two box bodies are communicated through a connecting pipe, a feeding pipe is arranged on the connecting pipe, the upper half section of the feeding pipe is respectively connected with the upper end of each box body through a fixing piece, and the connecting pipe is positioned above the filtering gauze;

the lower half sections of the box bodies are communicated through third pipelines, valves are arranged on the third pipelines, the third pipelines are communicated with a filter box through fourth pipelines, the upper end of the filter box is connected with a nitrogen tank through a fifth pipeline, and an electromagnetic valve and a pressure gauge are arranged on the fifth pipeline;

the filter box is connected with the upper end of the filter disc through a sixth pipeline, an ultrafiltration membrane is arranged in the filter disc, a discharge pipe is arranged at the lower end of the filter disc, and the filter disc is connected with the base plate; the filtering units are identical in structure and are symmetrically arranged.

Preferably, two first supporting legs are arranged at the bottom of the base plate, the lower end of each first supporting leg is connected with the upper end of each stabilizing seat, and the cross section of each stabilizing seat is gradually enlarged from top to bottom.

Preferably, a positioning frame is arranged in the box body, the filter gauze is arranged in the positioning frame, and the outer wall of the positioning frame is connected with the inner wall of the box body;

the filter gauze box is characterized in that a connecting plate is arranged at a feeding port at the top of the box body, a plurality of first pipelines are arranged on the connecting plate, the upper end of each first pipeline penetrates through the connecting plate and is communicated with the second pipeline, and each first pipeline is located above the filter gauze.

Preferably, a positioning plate is arranged in the box body and located between the connecting plate and the positioning frame, the outer edge of the positioning plate is connected with the inner wall of the box body through a plurality of connecting blocks, and each first pipeline is arranged in a rectangular array and the lower half section of the first pipeline extends downwards to penetrate through the positioning plate.

Preferably, the box upper end is provided with the connecting cover, the lower extreme of connecting cover with box top outer wall connection and with the feed inlet cooperation is used, the upper end of connecting plate with box top inner wall connection and with the feed inlet cooperation is used, connecting cover upper end and second pipe connection, the connecting cover is from last to lower cross section grow gradually.

Preferably, the filter box is arranged on a first supporting plate, the nitrogen tank is arranged on a second supporting plate, second supporting legs are arranged at the bottoms of the first supporting plate and the second supporting plate respectively, the first supporting plate and the second supporting plate are connected with the first supporting legs respectively, and the bottom ends of the second supporting legs are flush with the bottom end of the stabilizing seat.

Preferably, the outer wall of the filter disc is provided with two mutually symmetrical fixed blocks, each fixed block is movably sleeved on each screw rod, the upper end of each screw rod is connected with the lower end of the base plate, each screw rod is sleeved with a limit nut, and each limit nut is located below the fixed block.

A yogurt processing method of a processing production device collects yak milk samples; in the yak milk that will gather causes the filter unit through the trunk line, filters through the filtration gauze among the filter unit, and the yak milk through filtration passes through the second pipeline and gets into the rose box, provides stable atmospheric pressure through the nitrogen gas jar, realizes the ultrafiltration through opening 13 cooperation milipore filters of first solenoid valve, and the concentrated somatic cell of separation removes the lactic acid of the suppression lactic acid bacteria growth that lactic acid bacteria growth in-process produced, carries out intermittent type feeding method through adding the material pipe simultaneously.

Preferably, the intermittent feeding method comprises the specific operation steps of continuously removing small molecules for inhibiting fermentation of lactic acid and lactate from the system while adding nutrients for thallus growth and buffer salt through the feeding pipe.

Preferably, when the yak milk sample is collected, the local composite probiotic group of the Qinghai-Tibet plateau is adopted for fermentation, the sour yak milk sample of the Qinghai-Tibet plateau is collected, the sample preserves the beneficial microorganism composite probiotic group in the local natural environment, the composite probiotics in the sample is separated and purified, and the composite probiotics of lactobacillus and saccharomycetes are adopted for co-fermentation to produce the yak milk.

The invention has the beneficial effects that: by separating and concentrating the thallus cells, substances such as lactic acid and the like which are generated in the growth process of the lactic acid bacteria and inhibit the growth of the lactic acid bacteria are removed, the logarithmic phase of the growth of the lactic acid bacteria is prolonged, the death of the strains can be reduced to the maximum extent, the activity of the leavening agent is enhanced, and therefore the production efficiency is improved. And by using an 'intermittent feeding' mode, nutrient substances and buffer salt for the growth of the thalli are continuously added into the system while ultrafiltration is carried out, so that the nutrition for the growth of the thalli is met, the effect of regulating the pH value is achieved, and the optimal environment for the growth of the thalli is obtained.

Drawings

Fig. 1 is a schematic view of a first three-dimensional structure of a yogurt processing production device.

Fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of a second three-dimensional structure of the yogurt processing production device.

Fig. 3 is a schematic view of the structure of the filter unit of the present invention.

Detailed Description

The invention is further illustrated by the following examples in conjunction with the accompanying drawings:

as shown in fig. 1 to 3, a yogurt processing and producing device comprises a base plate 1, wherein two filter units 2 are arranged on the base plate 1, the filter units 2 comprise a box body 3, and the lower end of the box body 3 is connected with the base plate 1;

a filter gauze 5 is arranged in the box body 3, the upper part of the box body 3 is communicated with a main pipeline 7 through a second pipeline 6, each second pipeline 6 is sleeved with a positioning ring 8, and each positioning ring 8 is connected with the upper end of the box body 3 through each positioning block 9;

the two box bodies 3 are communicated through a connecting pipe 10, a feeding pipe 11 is arranged on the connecting pipe 10, the upper half section of the feeding pipe 11 is respectively connected with the upper end of each box body 3 through a fixing piece 12, and the connecting pipe 10 is positioned above the filtering gauze 5;

the lower half sections of the box bodies 3 are communicated through third pipelines 13, valves 15 are arranged on the third pipelines 13, the third pipelines 13 are communicated with a filter box 17 through fourth pipelines 16, the upper end of the filter box 17 is connected with a nitrogen tank 19 through a fifth pipeline 18, and the fifth pipeline 18 is provided with an electromagnetic valve and an air pressure gauge;

the filter box 17 is connected with the upper end of a filter disc 21 through a sixth pipeline 20, an ultrafiltration membrane is arranged in the filter disc 21, a discharge pipe 23 is arranged at the lower end of the filter disc 21, and the filter disc 21 is connected with the base plate 1; the filtering units 2 are identical in structure and are symmetrically arranged.

The bottom of the base plate 1 is provided with two first supporting feet 26, the lower end of each first supporting foot 26 is respectively connected with the upper end of each stabilizing seat 27, and the cross section of each stabilizing seat 27 is gradually enlarged from top to bottom.

A positioning frame 28 is arranged in the box body 3, the filter gauze 5 is arranged in the positioning frame 28, and the outer wall of the positioning frame 28 is connected with the inner wall of the box body 3;

a connecting plate 29 is arranged at a feeding port at the top of the box body 3, a plurality of first pipelines 30 are arranged on the connecting plate 29, the upper end of each first pipeline 30 penetrates through the connecting plate 29 and is communicated with the second pipeline 6, and each first pipeline 30 is positioned above the filter gauze 5.

A positioning plate 31 is arranged in the box body 3, the positioning plate 31 is positioned between the connecting plate 29 and the positioning frame 28, the outer edge of the positioning plate 31 is connected with the inner wall of the box body 3 through a plurality of connecting blocks 32, and each first pipeline 30 is arranged in a rectangular array and the lower half section of the first pipeline extends downwards to penetrate through the positioning plate 31.

The upper end of the box body 3 is provided with a connecting cover 33, the lower end of the connecting cover 33 is connected with the outer wall of the top of the box body 3 and is matched with the feed inlet for use, the upper end of the connecting plate 29 is connected with the inner wall of the top of the box body 3 and is matched with the feed inlet for use, the upper end of the connecting cover 33 is connected with the second pipeline 6, and the cross section of the connecting cover 33 from top to bottom is gradually enlarged.

The filter box 17 is arranged on a first supporting plate 35, the nitrogen tank 19 is arranged on a second supporting plate 36, the bottoms of the first supporting plate 35 and the second supporting plate 36 are respectively provided with a second supporting leg 37, the first supporting plate 35 and the second supporting plate 36 are respectively connected with the first supporting legs 26, and the bottom end of the second supporting leg 37 is flush with the bottom end of the stabilizing seat 27.

Two mutually symmetrical fixing blocks 38 are arranged on the outer wall of the filter disc 21, each fixing block 38 is movably sleeved on each screw rod 39, the upper end of each screw rod 39 is connected with the lower end of the base plate 1, each screw rod 39 is sleeved with a limiting nut 50, and each limiting nut 50 is located below the fixing block 38.

A yogurt processing method of a processing production device collects yak milk samples; leading the yak milk of gathering to filtration unit 2 in through trunk line 7, filter through filter gauze 5 in filtration unit 2, pass through filterable yak milk and get into rose box 17 through second pipeline 6, provide stable atmospheric pressure through nitrogen gas jar 19, realize the ultrafiltration through opening 13 cooperation milipore filters of first solenoid valve, the concentrated somatic cell of separation, the lactic acid of the suppression lactic acid bacteria growth that produces in the detached lactic acid bacteria growth process, carry out intermittent type feeding method through adding material pipe 11 simultaneously.

The intermittent feeding method comprises the specific operation steps that nutrients for thallus growth and buffer salt are added through the feeding pipe 11, and simultaneously small molecules for inhibiting fermentation by lactic acid and lactate are continuously removed from the system. When the yak milk sample is collected, the local composite probiotic group of the Qinghai-Tibet plateau is adopted for fermentation, the sour yak milk sample of the Qinghai-Tibet plateau is collected, the sample preserves the beneficial microorganism composite probiotic group in the local natural environment, the composite probiotics in the sample is separated and purified, and the composite probiotics of lactic acid bacteria and saccharomycetes are adopted for co-fermentation to produce the yak milk.

The project aims to produce the organic yak fermented milk by using the efficient compound probiotic leavening agent obtained by the microbial technology. Meanwhile, the production process of the fermented yak milk is optimized, the production and fermentation time is shortened, and the production efficiency is improved. The produced organic yak yoghourt has the flavor and the state superior to those of direct vat set (DVI).

The invention adopts the local composite probiotic flora of the Qinghai-Tibet plateau to ferment. Collecting Qinghai-Tibet plateau yak milk samples, well preserving beneficial microorganism-compound probiotic groups in local natural environment in the samples, separating and purifying the compound probiotics in the samples, and adopting the compound probiotics of lactobacillus and saccharomycetes to jointly ferment to produce yak milk.

The yak milk is organic yak milk. The yak milk adopted by the project is milk produced by yaks organically cultured in a Qilong pasture, and is safer and purer in taste. The product is recognized as organic yak yoghourt by the China national organic authentication center.

The invention adopts Ultrafiltration (UF) technology to separate and concentrate the somatic cells, removes substances such as lactic acid and the like which are generated in the growth process of the lactic acid bacteria and inhibit the growth of the lactic acid bacteria, prolongs the logarithmic phase of the growth of the lactic acid bacteria, can reduce the death of the bacteria to the maximum extent, and enhances the activity of a leavening agent, thereby improving the production efficiency.

And by using an 'intermittent feeding' mode, nutrient substances and buffer salt for the growth of the thalli are continuously added into the system while ultrafiltration is carried out, so that the nutrition for the growth of the thalli is met, the effect of regulating the pH value is achieved, and the optimal environment for the growth of the thalli is obtained.

The invention utilizes the special lactic acid bacteria and saccharomycetes in the collected Qinghai-Tibet plateau natural fermented sour yak milk to obtain a series of strains with high and stable yield through separation and screening, and obtains an efficient production leavening agent through an ultrafiltration technology to produce the yak fermented milk. The method is implemented in five stages:

stage one: collecting a sample of the natural fermented yak milk in the Qinghai-Tibet plateau;

and a second stage: separating and purifying special lactic acid bacteria and yeast in the natural fermented yak milk in Qinghai-Tibet plateau;

and a third stage: laboratory study of ultrafiltration concentration process parameters;

and a fourth stage: verifying production process parameters and performing pilot plant test;

and step five, producing and selling products.

Project overall framework: (1) the method is characterized in that a natural fermentation yak milk sample is collected by using an aseptic operation method, an aseptic pipette and a sterilization sampling bottle are used for collecting natural fermentation yak milk samples which are made by using a traditional process for Tibetan families and Mongolian herdsmen families in different regions, and a PH value and temperature of the collected sample are recorded by using a PH meter and a thermometer, so that the collection process is prevented from being polluted by mixed bacteria. And analyzing the related data of the fermented yoghourt and determining the production area of the high-quality naturally fermented yak milk. The collected yogurt samples need to be refrigerated throughout to ensure the reliability of subsequent samples.

(2) Isolation, purification and preservation of bacterial species the process of obtaining a microbial population from a complex population of microorganisms that contains only one or a single species of microorganism is called isolation and purification. The probiotic groups in naturally fermented yak milk are separated and purified, so that pure yak milk hair is obtained

Fermenting the strain to remove mixed bacteria. And separating and purifying strains in the sample by adopting a separation culture medium and a plate marking method.

And (3) respectively carrying out bacterium enrichment on the obtained lactic acid bacteria and the obtained saccharomycetes by adopting an enrichment culture medium, inoculating the lactic acid bacteria and the saccharomycetes to an inclined plane culture medium, and sealing and refrigerating.

(3) The composite probiotics after separation and purification is concentrated by using an ultrafiltration technology, substances inhibiting the growth of thalli are removed by using a ceramic membrane, the culture process is gradually enlarged by adopting a main leavening agent, an intermediate leavening agent and a production leavening agent, the content of viable bacteria is improved, and meanwhile, bacterial liquid is concentrated to achieve the aim of obtaining the high-efficiency production leavening agent. In the ultrafiltration technique, membrane separation is a pressure-driven material separation process. The separation process can be as follows according to the size of the separation aperture: microfiltration, ultrafiltration, nanofiltration and reverse osmosis. Since the separation membrane has a permselectivity. So that it can make some mixed substances pass and some mixed substances are left. The ultrafiltration is a membrane separation process using pressure difference as driving force and has an operating pressure of about 0.1-0.5 MPa. Lactic acid bacteria growing in cow milk generally have a lag phase, a logarithmic phase and a stationary phase, the number of cells in the stationary phase can reach 10 to the power of 9-10 of 10/ml, but the cell division is inhibited due to the generation of lactic acid (pH4.0-4.5), at the moment, nutrient substances are added, the pH value is adjusted by a buffer system, small molecules such as lactic acid for inhibiting the cell division are removed by ultrafiltration, the logarithmic phase of the growth of the lactic acid bacteria can be prolonged, and the number of viable bacteria of the lactic acid bacteria can reach 11 to the power of 10-10/ml.

Compared with the traditional starter preparation technology, the method has incomparable advantages, can reduce the damage to thalli and improve the separation survival rate, and the prepared starter has strong acid production performance, short fermentation time, high fermentation activity and energy conservation.

(4) The optimization of the composite probiotic fermented yak milk process adopts the composite probiotic fermented yak milk of lactic acid bacteria and saccharomycetes, compared with the traditional fermentation process, the process has great difference, and therefore, the process flow is optimized: nutrient substances required by yeast fermentation such as galactose, monosaccharide and the like are added in the blending process to ensure good fermentation of the yeast and generate better flavor; particularly, the optimal temperature, time and optimal inoculation ratio of symbiotic fermentation of lactic acid bacteria and saccharomycetes are determined by optimizing and integrating fermentation technology so as to obtain better product quality and better product flavor.

Project key technology completion conditions:

(1) the existing mature key technology is as follows: finishing a pilot test by a project to overcome the collection of a naturally fermented yak milk sample, and separating, purifying and storing strains; the selection of different carbon sources, nitrogen sources and buffer salt systems and the matching of orthogonal tests solve the technical problems of adding optimal nutrient substance proportion in intermittent feeding and the like during the symbiotic fermentation of lactic acid bacteria and saccharomycetes in the ultrafiltration concentration process.

(2) The key technology to be solved by the project is as follows:

1. concentrating the composite probiotics by using an ultrafiltration technology: selection of filter membrane pore size: the experimental device respectively uses membrane tubes with different apertures to carry out fermentation liquor filtration experiment under certain operation pressure, and selects the most suitable membrane aperture for separation through attenuation amplitude change and interception effect comparison. Determination of the optimum process parameters of ultrafiltration: selecting an ultrafiltration membrane with the determined optimal pore size, adopting different operating pressures under the condition of constant temperature, and determining the optimal operating pressure by measuring the permeation flux and the death rate; when the optimum pore size of the membrane and the optimum operating pressure are determined, ultrafiltration is carried out on this basis using different operating temperatures, and the optimum operating temperature is determined by measuring the permeation flux and the mortality. Determination of ultrafiltration membrane cleaning scheme: the membrane pollution refers to the irreversible change phenomenon that the membrane generates permeation flow and separation characteristics due to the fact that particles, colloid particles or solute macromolecules in a treatment material are adsorbed and deposited on the surface of the membrane or in membrane pores due to the physical and chemical interaction or mechanical action with the membrane, and the membrane pores are reduced or blocked. It should be said for membrane fouling that membrane fouling begins as soon as the feed liquid contacts the membrane. The membrane cleaning technology is commonly used in methods such as physical cleaning, chemical cleaning, biological cleaning, physical chemical cleaning, and electric cleaning. The corresponding cleaning technology needs to be determined according to actual conditions.

2. Optimizing the process of fermenting yak milk by using composite probiotics: in order to ensure that the yeast is fully fermented, nutrient substances required by the growth of the yeast are added during the material preparation, and the components and the optimal proportion of the nutrient substances are determined through experiments; the method is characterized by comprising the following steps of researching the pH value of each time base point under different temperature conditions, drawing a symbiotic fermentation curve, determining the optimal time, temperature and inoculation ratio of lactic acid bacteria and yeast symbiotic fermentation, and determining the optimal process parameters of symbiotic fermentation production.

Project innovation point (application, technology, structure, process and business mode)

1. The yak milk is fermented by adopting the compound probiotics of the lactic acid bacteria and the saccharomycetes, which is greatly different from the yoghurt fermented by the lactic acid bacteria 7 which is generally popular in the market in terms of flavor, state and nutritional ingredients. Because the lactobacillus and the microzyme are subjected to ultrafiltration and purification, the activity of the thallus is high, and the thallus contains various amino acids and is a good protein source. The yeast fermentation produces important flavor substances, namely acids, ethanol and other alcohols, so that the unique wine fragrance is formed, the feeling of refreshing stimulation is brought to people, and meanwhile, the yeast can produce various water-soluble vitamins to act together with lactic acid bacteria, so that the nutritional value of the product is further improved.

2. Application innovation: the separation technology of the somatic cells, namely the separation technology of the somatic cells of the ultrafiltration technology, is an important intermediate process link for preparing various high-efficiency concentrated freeze-dried leavening agents, the centrifugal separation technology is generally applied in China at present, the separation method is simple and convenient to operate, but in the centrifugal separation process, part of the somatic cells can die and part of the somatic cells can be left in supernate to be lost, so that the yield of viable bacteria is greatly reduced, the content of the viable bacteria of the leavening agents is directly reduced, and the efficacy is reduced.

Furthermore, the project adopts an ultrafiltration process, and by determining the aperture of the most suitable composite bacteria separation membrane and researching the optimal operating temperature and operating pressure of ultrafiltration, the death of strains can be reduced to the maximum extent, and the activity of the starter can be enhanced, so that the fermentation time is shortened, and the production efficiency is improved.

3. The process is innovative:

at present, the concentration culture method of lactic acid bacteria at home and abroad comprises the following steps:

chemical neutralization; in the process of culturing the lactobacillus, the alkaline substance is automatically added into the culture solution, so that the lactic acid generated by the lactobacillus is continuously neutralized, and the lactobacillus is promoted to propagate in a large scale. The disadvantages are as follows: the concentration of lactate or sodium lactate will increase continuously during the culture process, and when reaching a certain level, the growth and reproduction of the thallus can still be inhibited.

2 buffer salt method: adding buffer salt into the culture solution of the lactic acid bacteria, regulating the acidity of the culture solution to be within a certain range without increasing, and promoting the growth and the propagation of the lactic acid bacteria. The disadvantages are as follows: the method has certain influence on the shape of the bacteria, and the separation is not easy to carry out.

3, membrane dialysis: nutrient substances are continuously added into the culture solution of the lactobacillus, and metabolites are removed through the membrane to promote the growth and the propagation of the lactobacillus.

The process adopts an intermittent feeding method: while continuously adding nutrient substances into the fermentation liquor, regulating the pH by adding buffer salt and removing metabolites through ultrafiltration, and combining the 2 factors to keep the system more stable and obtain a more efficient leavening agent.

Technical route for product implementation

Producing fermented yak milk by sampling, separating, purifying, ultrafiltering and concentrating sour milk in Qinghai-Tibet plateau

The production process of the fermented yak milk comprises the following steps:

4 months 2014-6 months 2014: the test equipment is in place, and the installation and debugging are completed; 7 months 2014-9 months 2014: determining the aperture of the filter membrane, the optimal process parameters, the growth curve 8 and the cleaning scheme of the membrane during production according to the test condition; 10 months 2014-12 months 2014: and (5) positioning production equipment, and installing and debugging.

Newly purchased research and development equipment is required: the device comprises a small-sized homogenizer for experiments, a full-automatic mechanical stirring fermentation tank (10L, 1000L), a ceramic membrane ultrafiltration system for experiments of 0.2m2, a ceramic membrane ultrafiltration system for production (1.5 ton), a cooling system, a circulating pump, a stainless steel pipeline, a biochemical incubator, an electron microscope and reagent medicines.

4. Main technical indexes of project completion

5. Environmental pollution treatment measures related to project

The production sewage discharged by the project contains organic nutrient components such as saccharides, protein, fat and the like, and is suitable for microbial degradation. The design adopts an aerobic microorganism treatment method for treatment, which is economical and reliable and is easy to reach the discharge standard. The sludge is transported outside to be used as fertilizer.

Firstly, the sewage treatment process comprises the following steps:

sewage → equalizing basin → grid → sewage treatment plant → discharge

The part of wastewater after being treated by the sewage treatment station reaches the secondary standard in the Integrated wastewater discharge Standard (GB8978), which is beneficial to reducing pollution and protecting environment without causing new pollution to the surrounding environment.

Temperature wastewater treatment: can be completely recycled by cooling.

Second, waste gas

Mainly boiler flue gas. The boiler room is treated by a high-efficiency desulfurization dust removal device and is detected to reach the discharge standard of the atmospheric pollutants of the boiler in the II-type area (GB13271) in the period of time.

Third, waste slag

The waste slag is mainly slag generated by a boiler, is temporarily stacked in a factory and is periodically transported out of the factory to be used as paving or building materials.

Fourth, noise

The project noise mainly comes from a boiler room induced draft fan and a workshop motor. The noise elimination and vibration reduction facilities are installed in the boiler room, shielding and isolating measures are taken, and the noise value is reduced, so that the noise reaches the national standard requirement (the regulation of the industrial enterprise factory boundary noise standard GB 12348).

The foregoing detailed description of the preferred embodiments of the invention has been presented. It should be understood that numerous modifications and variations could be devised by those skilled in the art in light of the present teachings without departing from the inventive concepts. Therefore, the technical solutions available to those skilled in the art through logic analysis, reasoning and limited experiments based on the prior art according to the concept of the present invention should be within the scope of protection defined by the claims.