Spreader for particulate material with improved spreading control
阅读说明:本技术 具有经改进的散布控制的用于颗粒材料的散布机 (Spreader for particulate material with improved spreading control ) 是由 杰夫·J·格雷 约翰·马克·阿弗林克 布拉德利·威廉·贝克 杰西·艾布拉姆·戴克 乔舒亚·斯 于 2018-12-06 设计创作,主要内容包括:用于散布颗粒材料的设备具有:用于容纳颗粒材料的仓;用于将颗粒材料播撒到地面的可转动盘;输送机,用于将颗粒材料沿颗粒材料路径从料斗输送到可转动盘;以及在颗粒材料路径中位于仓和可转动盘之间的多个闸。每个闸接收部分颗粒材料并将该部分颗粒材料递送到可转动盘上的径向位置和/或角度位置。闸中的至少一个闸能独立地移动以对来自该至少一个能独立地移动的闸的部分颗粒材料被递送到可转动盘上的径向位置和/或角度位置进行调整。(An apparatus for dispersing particulate material having: a bin for containing particulate material; a rotatable disc for spreading particulate material to the ground; a conveyor for conveying particulate material from the hopper to the rotatable disc along a particulate material path; and a plurality of gates in the path of the particulate material between the bin and the rotatable disc. Each gate receives a portion of the particulate material and delivers the portion of the particulate material to a radial position and/or an angular position on the rotatable disk. At least one of the gates is independently movable to adjust a radial position and/or an angular position at which a portion of the particulate material from the at least one independently movable gate is delivered onto the rotatable disk.)
1. An apparatus for dispersing particulate material, the apparatus comprising:
a bin for containing particulate material;
a rotatable disk for spreading the particulate material to the ground;
a conveyor for conveying the particulate material from the hopper to the rotatable disc along a particulate material path; and the number of the first and second groups,
a plurality of gates located between the bin and the rotatable disk in the particulate material path, each gate receiving a portion of the particulate material and delivering the portion of the particulate material to a radial position and/or an angular position on the rotatable disk, at least one of the gates being independently movable to adjust the radial position and/or the angular position at which a portion of the particulate material from at least one independently movable gate is delivered to the rotatable disk, each gate comprising: a substantially vertically oriented sidewall; an open first end for receiving the particulate material from the conveyor; an inclined base surface that slopes downwardly from the first end to an open second end of the gate such that the particulate material in the gate flows freely out of the open second end.
2. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein each of the plurality of gates is independently movable to adjust the radial position at which a portion of particulate material from the independently movable gate is delivered onto the rotatable disk.
3. The apparatus of claim 1 or 2, wherein the rotatable disk comprises a first rotatable disk and a second rotatable disk, and the plurality of gates comprises a first set of gates and a second set of gates, the first set of gates delivering the particulate material to the first rotatable disk and the second set of gates delivering the particulate material to the second rotatable disk.
4. The apparatus of any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the plurality of gates comprises at least four gates.
5. The apparatus of any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the open first end is at a top of the gate.
6. An apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein the brakes are independently movable to adjust at least the radial position at which a portion of particulate material is delivered onto the rotatable disc.
7. The apparatus of any one of claims 1 to 6, further comprising one or more crank adjusters, one or more linear actuators, one or more hydraulic cylinders, one or more pneumatic cylinders, or some combination thereof, for moving the brake.
8. The apparatus of any of claims 1-6, wherein:
the gates are arranged transverse to each other to form a series of parallel channels;
each of the gates is independently movable to adjust a radial position at which a portion of particulate material from the independently movable gate is delivered onto the rotatable disk;
the substantially vertically oriented sidewall of each gate includes an elongated slot; and the number of the first and second electrodes,
the plurality of gates include an elongated fixation element passing through aligned elongated slots in the sidewall such that each of the gates rests on the elongated fixation element, each of the gates being independently translatable on the elongated fixation element when not secured by the fixation element and being non-translatable when secured by the fixation element.
9. The apparatus of claim 8, wherein the elongated fixation element comprises a threaded rod and one or more nuts, wherein tightening the one or more nuts on the rod secures the brake and loosening the one or more nuts on the rod allows the brake to translate on the rod.
10. The apparatus of any one of claims 1 to 9, wherein the substantially vertically oriented sidewall of each gate is not shared with any of the other gates.
11. A method of controlling the distribution pattern of particulate material being spread by a rotary spreader, the method comprising:
allowing the particulate material to flow through a plurality of gates located in the path of the particulate material between the bin of the rotary distributor and the rotatable disc, each gate receiving a portion of the particulate material and delivering a portion of the particulate material to a radial position and/or an angular position on the rotatable disc, each gate comprising: a substantially vertically oriented sidewall; an open first end for receiving the particulate material from a conveyor; an inclined base surface that slopes downwardly from the first end to an open second end of the gate such that the particulate material in the gate flows freely out of the open second end; and the number of the first and second groups,
adjusting the radial and/or angular position at which a portion of particulate material from at least one of the gates is delivered onto the rotatable disc by moving at least one of the gates relative to the rotatable disc, thereby changing the dispersal pattern of the particulate material dispersed by the rotatable disc.
12. The method of claim 11, wherein each gate of the plurality of gates is independently movable.
13. A method according to claim 11 or 12, wherein the rate at which the particulate material is delivered to the rotatable disc is controlled to further vary the dispersal pattern of the particulate material.
14. A method according to any one of claims 11 to 13, wherein the speed of rotation of the rotatable disc is controlled to further vary the pattern of dispersal of the particulate material.
Technical Field
The present application relates to an apparatus for spreading (spreading ) particulate material.
Background
Spinner (spinner: slinger, rotary, slinger, spreader wheel, centrifugal) spreaders are known in the art for spreading particulate material to the ground (e.g., farmland, roads, etc.) for a variety of applications, such as spreading fertilizer, fertilizer supplements, seeds, sand, gravel, road salt, lime, etc. The pattern of the distribution of the particulate material depends on the design of the size, position and orientation of the fins (fin, fins, ribs) of the spinner comprised on the spinner disc and on the rotational speed of the disc. The distance to which the particulate material is ejected can be controlled by the design of the spinner and the rotational speed of the disk, but as the speed of the disk changes, the uniformity of the spreading pattern can be unduly affected, particularly as the rotational speed drops below a certain rate. However, for some applications, it is desirable to be able to reduce the speed of the disc while maintaining a uniform spreading pattern. In other applications, it is desirable to be able to manipulate the scattering pattern to provide a desired pattern.
Accordingly, there remains a need in the art for a rotary spreader that provides more control over the spreading pattern.
Disclosure of Invention
There is provided apparatus for spreading particulate material, the apparatus comprising: a bin for containing particulate material; a rotatable disc for spreading particulate material to the ground; a conveyor for conveying particulate material from the hopper to the rotatable disc along a particulate material path; and a plurality of gates in the path of the particulate material between the bin and the rotatable disk, each gate receiving and delivering a portion of the particulate material to a radial position and/or an angular position on the rotatable disk, at least one of the gates being independently movable to adjust the radial position and/or the angular position at which the portion of the particulate material is delivered onto the rotatable disk from the at least one independently movable gate, each gate comprising: a substantially vertically oriented sidewall, an open first end for receiving particulate material from the conveyor, an inclined base surface sloping downwardly from the first end to a second end of the open gate such that particulate material in the gate flows freely out of the open second end.
A method of controlling the distribution pattern of particulate material being spread by a rotary spreader, the method comprising: allowing the particulate material to flow through a plurality of gates located in the path of the particulate material between the bin and the rotatable disc of the rotary distributor, each gate receiving and delivering a portion of the particulate material to a radial position and/or an angular position on the rotatable disc, each gate comprising a substantially vertically oriented sidewall, an open first end for receiving the particulate material from the conveyor, an inclined base surface sloping downwardly from the first end to an open second end of the gate such that the particulate material in the gate flows freely out of the open second end; and adjusting the radial and/or angular position at which a portion of the particulate material from at least one of the gates is delivered onto the rotatable disc by moving at least one of the gates relative to the rotatable disc, thereby changing the dispersal pattern of the particulate material that is spread by the rotatable disc.
In an embodiment, each gate of the plurality of gates is independently movable to adjust a radial position and/or an angular position at which a portion of the particulate material from the independently movable gate is delivered onto the rotatable disk. In one embodiment, the plurality of gates includes at least four gates. Each of the brakes may be moved longitudinally, laterally, vertically, rotationally, or in any combination thereof. Each gate is independently movable in at least one of a longitudinal, transverse, vertical, or rotational direction. Each gate is independently movable in two, three or all four of the longitudinal, transverse, vertical and rotational directions. In some embodiments, the brakes are collectively movable in at least one of a longitudinal direction, a lateral direction, a vertical direction, and a rotational direction. The brakes are collectively movable in two, three, or all four of the longitudinal, lateral, vertical, and rotational directions. The ability to move the gate in multiple different directions allows fine tuning of the particulate material distribution pattern.
In an embodiment, each gate comprises a substantially vertically oriented sidewall, an open top for receiving particulate material from the conveyor, an inclined base surface sloping downwardly from the first end to the open second end of the gate such that particulate material in the gate flows freely out of the open second end. In one embodiment, the gates are arranged transverse to each other to form a series of parallel channels. In one embodiment, adjacent gates of a series of parallel channels abut each other at substantially vertically oriented sidewalls. In one embodiment, the gates do not share a common sidewall.
The gate is movable using any suitable mechanism. For example, the gate is manually movable using one or more crank adjusters, using one or more linear actuators, using one or more hydraulic cylinders, using one or more pneumatic cylinders, or some combination thereof. Each gate may be movable by its own dedicated mechanism or mechanisms, or may be movable by a mechanism or mechanisms common to more than one gate. In an embodiment, the plurality of gates includes an elongated securing element passing through aligned elongated slots in the sidewalls such that each of the gates rests on the elongated securing element, each of the gates being independently translatable on the elongated securing element when unsecured and non-translatable when secured by the securing element. In one embodiment, the elongated securing element includes a threaded rod and one or more nuts, wherein tightening the one or more nuts on the rod secures the brake and loosening the one or more nuts on the rod allows the brake to translate on the rod.
In an embodiment, the rotatable disk comprises a first rotatable disk and a second rotatable disk, and the plurality of gates comprises a first set of gates and a second set of gates, the first set of gates delivering particulate material to the first rotatable disk and the second set of gates delivering particles to the second rotatable disk.
Intentional control of the radial and/or angular position of the rotatable disk to which the particulate material is delivered and the speed at which the particulate material is delivered to the rotatable disk may be used to develop a customized dispersal pattern for the particulate material. The rotational speed of the rotatable disc controls the rotational position at which the particulate material is spread from the rotatable disc. The speed at which the particulate material is delivered to the rotatable disc controls the amount of particulate material delivered from the rotatable disc over a given period of time. Manipulating these variables allows fine tuning of the particulate material dispersion pattern. In addition, the accuracy of the dispersal pattern can be further adjusted by altering the size and/or shape of the open rear end of the gate. For example, a narrower gate may reduce the likelihood of particulate material being pulverized when delivered to the rotatable disk by locating the particulate material more toward the center of the disk where the rotational speed of the disk is lower.
Additional features will be described or will become apparent in the course of the following detailed description. It will be understood that each feature described herein may be utilized in any combination with any one or more of the other described features, and each feature does not necessarily rely on the presence of another feature, except as may be apparent to one of ordinary skill in the art.
Drawings
For a more clear understanding, preferred embodiments will now be described in detail, by way of example, with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which:
FIG. 1 depicts a rear perspective view of one embodiment of a rotary spreader;
FIG. 2 depicts a side view of the rotary spreader of FIG. 1;
FIG. 3 depicts a rear view of the rotary spreader of FIG. 1;
FIG. 4 depicts a cross-sectional view through A-A in FIG. 2;
FIG. 5 depicts a cross-sectional view through B-B in FIG. 2;
FIG. 6 depicts a cross-sectional view through C-C in FIG. 3;
FIG. 7 depicts the rotary spreader of FIG. 1, including deflector plates on the spinner plate;
FIG. 8 depicts an enlarged side view of the rear end of the rotary spreader of FIG. 7;
FIG. 9 depicts the division of the particulate material distribution pattern produced by the rotary distributor of FIG. 7, wherein all gates are at the same longitudinal position;
10A, 10B and 10C illustrate how the particle spreading pattern is influenced by increasing (FIG. 10B) and decreasing (FIG. 10C) the rotational speed of the spinner plate of the rotary spreader of FIG. 7;
11A, 11B and 11C illustrate how the particle spreading pattern is affected by moving the gate of the rotary spreader of FIG. 7 forward (FIG. 11B) and backward (FIG. 11C); and the number of the first and second groups,
fig. 12 illustrates how the movement of the gate and the adjustment of the rotational speed of the spinner plate can be used to manipulate the particle spreading pattern to close one of the eight spreading sections of the rotary spreader of fig. 7.
Detailed Description
Referring to fig. 1 to 8, one embodiment of a rotary spreader 1 includes a
The rotary spreader 1 further comprises a pair of adjacent conveyor belts 15 (only one indicated), located at the bottom of the
Two sets 20 (only one set is labeled) of individually translatable gates 21 (only one set is labeled) are disposed below the
With particular reference to fig. 5 and 8, each of the
With particular reference to fig. 8, the
The rotary distributor 1 also comprises deflector plates 30 (only one indicated), mounted on the
The rotary spreader 1 further comprises a pair of adjacent spinner assemblies 40 (only one indicated) mounted on the
Particulate material conveyed by one of the
Although a pair of conveyor belts, two sets of gates, and a pair of spinner assemblies are illustrated in the embodiments shown in the figures, it should be understood that a rotary spreader may include one or more conveyor belts, one or more sets of gates, and/or one or more spinner assemblies, where one or more may be, for example, one, two, three, four, or more.
Referring to fig. 9 to 12, the rotary spreader 1 provides improved control over the spreading pattern of the particulate material spread by the spreader 1.
Fig. 9 illustrates the division of the particulate material distribution pattern 50 (individually designated 50a, 50b, 50c, 50d, 50e, 50f, 50g, 50h for the particle distribution pattern from each gate) and the particle trajectory 60 (individually designated 60a, 60b, 60c, 60d, 60e, 60f, 60g, 60h for the trajectory from each gate) produced by the rotary spreader 1 when all gates 21 (individually designated 21a, 21b, 21c, 21d, 21e, 21f, 21g, 21h) are at the same longitudinal position. The
Still referring to fig. 9, the particulate material flowing from the
As can be seen in fig. 9, the arrangement of the
The trajectory and distribution pattern of the particulate material delivered from the individual gates is influenced by the rotational speed of the spinner plate. Thus, if the operator wants to alter the rotational speed of one or more of the spinner discs, the integrity of the dispersal pattern illustrated in FIG. 9 will be compromised. For example, referring to fig. 10A, 10B and 10C, increasing the rotational speed of the right disk 41B (fig. 10B) compared to the "normal" rotational speed (fig. 10A) causes particulate material from the
The trajectory and spread pattern of particulate material delivered from an individual gate may be altered by adjusting the position of the individual gate forward or backward (i.e., longitudinally) relative to the other gates. Independent adjustment of the longitudinal position of the individual gates adjusts the radial position at which the particulate material from the individual gates falls onto the spinner plate, since the longitudinal position of the spinner plate remains fixed. The ability to independently adjust the longitudinal position of each gate allows for compensation for changes in the rotational speed of one or more spinner discs to maintain the integrity of the dispersal pattern. For example, referring to fig. 11A, 11B, and 11C, translating the
Intentional control of the longitudinal position of the one or more gates, the rotational speed of the one or more spinner discs, and the speed of the one or more conveyor belts may be used to develop customized dispersal patterns for particulate material. The rotational speed of the spinner plate controls the rotational position at which the particulate material is sprinkled from the spinner plate. The speed of the conveyor belt controls the rate at which the particulate material is delivered to the spinner plate. Fig. 12 illustrates one possibility in which the particle spreading pattern is manipulated to turn off one of eight spreading sections while maintaining a uniform spreading pattern in the other seven spreading sections. Referring to fig. 12, the left and right gate sets 20a and 20b receive particulate material from the left and right conveyor belts 15a and 15b, respectively. The left and right shutter sets 20a and 20b deliver particulate material to the left and
The novel features will become apparent to those skilled in the art upon review of the specification. It should be understood, however, that the scope of the claims should not be limited by the embodiments, but should be given the broadest interpretation consistent with the wording of the claims and the specification as a whole.
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