阅读说明：本技术 绝缘静电辅助喷雾扩展器 (Insulating electrostatic auxiliary spray expander ) 是由 阿德里亚诺·马里恩 莱昂纳多·卡普里科恩·维加 于 2018-11-26 设计创作，主要内容包括：描述了一个绝缘静电辅助绝缘喷雾扩展器,安装在喷雾设备的喷杆上并且位于雾化喷雾液的液压喷嘴(20)附近,所述扩展器(10)装有一个绝缘内轴(12),以及一个外壳(111),内轴和外壳都具有翅片,用于供电电缆(30)通过以及放置一个为感应电极(151)提供高压的封装电气装置(13),所述感应电极围绕液压喷嘴(20)开口(21),导致介电击穿并且在雾化液滴中感生正电荷或负电荷,消除或减少感应电极(151)和喷杆(100)地线之间的电流损耗,以及使电流很难通过电缆(30)流失。(An insulated electrostatically aided insulated spray extender is described for mounting on a spray bar of a spray apparatus and in the vicinity of a hydraulic nozzle (20) for atomizing a spray liquid, said extender (10) being provided with an insulated inner shaft (12) and a housing (111) both having fins for passage of a supply cable (30) and for placing an encapsulated electrical device (13) for providing a high voltage to an inductive electrode (151) surrounding an opening (21) of the hydraulic nozzle (20) causing dielectric breakdown and inducing a positive or negative charge in the atomized liquid droplets, eliminating or reducing current loss between the inductive electrode (151) and the ground of the spray bar (100) and making it difficult for current to be lost through the cable (30).)

1. An insulated electrostatically aided spray spreader mounted on the boom (100) of an agricultural ground sprayer in the vicinity of a hydraulic nozzle (20) atomizing droplets of spray solution discharged from the nozzle (21), the droplets being charged and directed onto the surface of the product to be applied while passing through an induction electrode (151) generating an electrostatic field that brings the droplets to a point, characterized by comprising an outer casing (11) of hydrophobic material equipped with an insulated inner shaft (12), the upper end portion of said inner shaft (12) having an opening (121) for introducing a high voltage electronic module connected at one end to a battery powered by the tractor battery and at the other end to a power supply cable (30) of an encapsulated electric device (13) of said high voltage electronic module on said insulated inner shaft (12), said electric device (13) supplying power to said induction electrode (151), a spring (14) being provided at the lower end of said insulated shaft (12), the free end of which is attached to a support (15) of a ring-shaped induction electrode (151).

2. An insulated electrostatically aided spray extender as claimed in claim 1, characterised in that the surface of the housing (11) is finned.

3. An insulated electrostatically aided spray extender according to claim 1, characterized in that the finned outer coating (111) on the housing is made of a hydrophobic material (11).

Technical Field

The present invention describes an insulated electrostatically aided spray extender for mounting on the boom of a spraying device and in the vicinity of a hydraulic nozzle for liquefying a spray liquid, said extender being equipped with an insulated inner shaft through which passes an electrical supply cable and with a sealed electrical device arranged to supply electricity to an induction electrode surrounding the opening of the hydraulic nozzle, thereby causing dielectric breakdown of the atomized droplets, eliminating or reducing wetting of the induction electrode and the supply cable and other electrical components affecting the efficiency and the adequate operation of the nozzle, while reducing current leakage through the cable caused by contact with any part of the machine structure.

Background

Electrostatically-assisted spraying is an alternative method of improving the application of spray solutions to foliage to reduce residue and windage losses. The system has better coverage than conventional methods because it can produce thin, uniform, charged droplets, reduce dripping and drift, and allow more droplets to be applied to the crop. According to this new concept, the thin positively charged droplets are attracted by the negatively charged leaves, branches and trunks, thereby achieving a very high velocity towards the target, virtually preventing evaporation from occurring.

The technical literature considers electrostatic spraying as a promising alternative to reduce losses during the application of pesticides, to facilitate the reduction of the large amounts of active ingredients recommended and to improve the biological efficiency.

In addition to improving control efficiency, electrostatic spraying reduces the effect of the pesticide on the organisms in the soil, so that the soil losses are 20 times lower than in conventional spraying.

In electrostatic spraying, a hydraulic nozzle is fixed to the spray bar and has a spray liquid inlet and an air inlet. Air passes through the tip at a very high velocity and, once it contacts the solution, it becomes a spray of droplets by collision. The atomized droplets pass through an electrode where the liquid stream induces electrons and the highly electrostatically charged droplets carried by the gas stream are attracted by a strong attractive force to a target (a grounded object, in this case a plant). (maximum charge, 2000).

This principle is based on coulomb's law which states that opposite charges attract each other, or more specifically, different charged spray charges attract each other. The charged droplets produce an attractive force 75 times higher than the gravity. This means that the charged droplets will reverse their direction and move against gravity, moving towards the surface of the applied product. As a result of coulomb forces, once the ejected particles become charged, they are attracted to an object, align, and wrap around all surfaces of the object. (maximum Charge- (ESS) Electrostatic spray systems, Limited liability company).

In order to charge the droplets produced by the hydraulic nozzle, the solution should be held at zero voltage and the droplets acquire a charge in the strong electrostatic field formed between the sensing electrode, which is held at high voltage, and the hydraulic nozzle. The sensing electrode must be located in the edge region of the spray (atomization zone) at a distance short enough to avoid spark discharge between the electrode and the spray solution.

An example of this embodiment is described in document WO2017063065, which describes an induction device coupled to a hydraulic nozzle, comprising a support structure of an induction electrode made of highly hydrophobic material and a small-sized stainless steel annular geometric induction electrode made of stainless steel wire, which operates at low pressure to reduce the phenomenon of reverse attraction of charged droplets, which causes the sprinkler to be too wet, directly affecting its operating efficiency, thus affecting the quality of the electrostatic deposition process, and also preventing the accumulation of too much liquid on the surface of the contact device.

Document BR202014002428-5 mentions a constructive arrangement applied to an electrostatic atomizer, in which the nozzle is extended. This form of construction thus provides an extension of the induction ring, moving it away from the locking nut fixed on the conical tip, preventing the liquid from being ejected from the flow, the flow inlet at the bottom of the nozzle being equipped with an anti-drip system connected to the flow inlet diverter.

Document US43433 describes an electrostatic spraying device capable of preventing electrical leakage of droplets, comprising a nozzle, a spout and a handle, the two ends of the spout being connected to the nozzle portion and the handle, respectively. The nozzle portion includes a base fixed to one end of the nozzle, a nozzle fixed to the base, a ring electrode disposed around the nozzle, and a support portion extending toward an outer edge of the ring electrode. The spout is provided with an auxiliary handle with a lowered annular chamber to prevent liquid droplets from entering.

However, in these latter documents, the droplets generated in the atomization zone acquire a charge of opposite polarity to the induction electrode and are therefore attracted thereto, wetting the induction electrode and its supporting portion. The charged particles line up and even wet the power line. After wetting of the sensing electrode, a short circuit between the high voltage of the electrode and the hydraulic nozzle was observed, resulting in a system collapse and severely impairing the droplet charging.

To avoid this drawback, the state of the art describes pneumatic electrostatic nozzles, characterized by the provision of concentric jets of air and liquid. Thus, the coaxial air of the comminuted liquid leaves the charged droplets unaffected by the electrodes and remains dry.

An example of this technical solution is described in document US4489894, which teaches an electrostatic spraying device comprising a supply for a spray liquid, a spray head having an inlet for the spray liquid and an outlet for the spray, an electrode mounted on the device for applying a potential difference across the area of the outlet of the spray, wherein the spray is inductively charged and the suction is directed to removing liquid deposited on the electrode.

Document GB2192351 describes a spray dispenser suitable for cleaning the udder of a cow after milking, comprising an electrostatic spray head with a nozzle for generating a spray and an electrode around the nozzle. Airflow from a pressurized air source is directed around the electrodes to prevent liquid from accumulating on the electrodes.

Document JP2008142662 describes an electrostatic spraying device with an annular gap arranged on the nozzle opening towards the spraying target and in the opposite direction. The nozzle has a hydrophobic coating which makes it difficult for the ejected droplets to stick to the periphery of the nozzle. In addition, a continuous air flow is provided to the spray, preventing droplets from entering the nozzle.

However, in this technical solution, which uses air to move the atomized droplets away from the induction ring, a specific compressor is required to feed the nozzle, which consumes a large amount of gas.

Therefore, improved tests have been conducted in this area to reduce the phenomenon of back-attraction of charged droplets, which can result in over-wetting of the spray device, sensing electrodes and other electrical components, thereby affecting the efficiency and adequate operation of the nozzle. These improvements are intended to eliminate the need to shut down the apparatus once every three hours, cleaning the nozzles, electrodes and wires near the nozzles as recommended in the technical assistance manual.

The object of the present invention is therefore an insulating electrostatically aided spray extender provided with an outer covering to provide additional protection for the inner insulator and the power supply cables installed inside the insulator, reducing the wetting of these components and preventing current leakage between the induction ring and the spray bar, which does not require regular cleaning, while being able to withstand the splashing of water or conducting solution without collapsing.

Disclosure of Invention

The object of the present invention is an electrostatically aided spray spreader (10) mounted on the boom (100) of a ground agricultural spray apparatus in the vicinity of a hydraulic nozzle (20) for atomizing the spray solution droplets discharged from the nozzle (21), the droplets being charged and directed at the surface of the product to be used as they pass through an induction electrode (151) which generates an electrostatic field to charge the droplets.

The insulating spreader (10) comprises an outer casing made of hydrophobic material, preferably provided with tabs on its surface, said outer casing (111) being provided with an insulating inner rod (12), provided with an opening (121) at its upper end for introducing a high voltage electronic module connected at one end to a battery of the tractor, and at the other end to a power supply cable (30) on said finned insulating inner rod (12) enclosing an electrical device (13), said electrical device (13) supplying said induction electrodes (151).

At the lower end of the insulating rod (121) there is a spring (14), at the free end of which there is attached a support (15) surrounding the annular sensing electrode (151) of the nozzle (21) of the hydraulic nozzle (20), said support (15) being fixed to the spring (14) for connection to the expander (10).

An inductive electrode (151) surrounding the nozzle (21) of the hydraulic nozzle (20) induces an electrical charge to the fluid flow, so that the liquid droplets are charged as they leave the nozzle (21) of the hydraulic nozzle (20).

Preferably, an outer cover (111) preferably finned on the surface of the finned outer shell (12) of hydrophobic material provides additional protection to the outer shell (12) from wetting by the insulating inner rod (12).

The spreader (10) is fixed on the spray rod (100) of the spraying equipment by any support which can ensure the spreader to be immovable.

Brief description of the drawings

FIG. 1 shows a perspective view of an insulator and a nozzle attached to a spray bar of a spray apparatus.

Figure 2 shows a cross-section of the insulator showing the passage of the power supply cable of the electrical apparatus with the inner insulating rod for connection to the induction electrode.

Fig. 3 shows a perspective view of an insulator with an outer covering.