阅读说明：本技术 一种频选结构及具有其的天线罩 (Frequency selection structure and antenna housing with same ) 是由 阳开华 张春波 杨帆 蔡汝峰 张明秀 于 2020-04-10 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明提供一种提供一种频选结构及具有其的天线罩,频选结构由多个周期排列的FSS贴片单元构成,其中,任意所述贴片单元包括正多边形贴片,所述正多边形贴片内从外至里依次设置有正多边形缝隙和三级结构缝隙,所述正多边形缝隙和三级结构缝隙和所述正多边形贴片共中心,所述正多边形缝隙的各条边上设置有双向二极管,所述三级结构缝隙的三个极子上分别设置有双向二极管。本发明突破了传统频率选择表面通带无法切换的技术难题。(The invention provides a frequency selection structure and an antenna housing with the same, wherein the frequency selection structure is composed of a plurality of FSS patch units which are periodically arranged, any patch unit comprises a regular polygon patch, a regular polygon gap and a three-level structure gap are sequentially arranged in the regular polygon patch from outside to inside, the regular polygon gap, the three-level structure gap and the regular polygon patch are concentric, each side of the regular polygon gap is provided with a bidirectional diode, and three poles of the three-level structure gap are respectively provided with the bidirectional diodes. The invention breaks through the technical problem that the traditional frequency selection surface passband can not be switched.)

1. A frequency selection structure is composed of a plurality of FSS patch units which are periodically arranged, and is characterized in that any patch unit comprises a regular polygon patch, a regular polygon gap and a three-level structure gap are sequentially arranged in the regular polygon patch from outside to inside, the regular polygon gap and the three-level structure gap are concentric with the regular polygon patch, two-way diodes are arranged on each edge of the regular polygon gap, and two-way diodes are arranged on three poles of the three-level structure gap.

2. The structure of claim 1, wherein the regular polygon slot and the regular polygon patch are the same regular polygon.

3. A frequency selective structure according to claim 2, wherein for any one side of the regular polygon slot, one side of the regular polygon patch can be found to be parallel to the regular polygon slot.

4. A frequency selective structure according to claim 3, wherein said regular polygon slots are regular hexagon slots; the regular polygon patch is a regular hexagon patch.

5. A frequency selective structure according to claims 1-4, characterized in that said tertiary structure gap is a symmetrical structure designed as: including three the same rectangle gap that connects gradually, wherein, three rectangle gap is linked together, and adjacent rectangle gap contained angle is 120 degrees, bidirectional diode sets up on the rectangle gap.

6. A frequency selective structure according to claim 5, wherein the width of the regular hexagonal slot is the same as the width of the rectangular slot in the three-pole structure.

7. The frequency selection structure according to claim 6, wherein the width of the regular hexagonal slot and the width of the rectangular slot in the three-pole structure have a value ranging from 0.1mm to 0.5 mm.

8. A frequency selective structure according to claim 4, wherein the length L of the side of the hexagonal slot is: l ═ λ₁/6, where λ₁Is the wavelength of the X band.

9. A frequency selective structure according to claim 1, wherein the side length S of said triode structure is: λ is S ═ λ₂/3, wherein λ₂Is the wavelength of the Ka band.

10. A radome, characterized in that the radome comprises the frequency selective structure of any one of claims 1-9.

Technical Field

The invention provides a frequency selection structure and an antenna housing with the same, and belongs to the technical field of electromagnetic fields and microwaves.

Background

With the rapid development of modern military technology, the wave-transparent/stealth technology of aircrafts is also a hot spot and a key point of research in various countries. The frequency selective surface (frequency selective) is a spatial electromagnetic filtering structure, which can pass the electromagnetic wave without loss or with low loss in a specific frequency band, so as to filter the electromagnetic wave outside the frequency band. The frequency selection technology is highly valued after the concept is put forward, if the technology is applied to an aircraft radome, the normal work of the radar can be realized, electromagnetic waves in the working frequency range of enemy radars are reflected to other directions, and the scattering cross section of the radar is reduced, so that the frequency selection is an important measure for realizing the wave-transparent/stealth technology of the aircraft.

In order to resist radar detection and electromagnetic interference of enemies, an aircraft radar system is developed into a current common dual-band from a previous single band, and a matched antenna cover also takes dual-band wave transmission as a main research direction. However, when the radar operates in one of the frequency bands, the radome still transmits waves in the other frequency band, and it is difficult to achieve the stealth effect in the other frequency band. Therefore, there is a need for an antenna cover capable of arbitrarily switching the wave-transparent state between two bands, so that no matter which band the dual-band radar system works in, the other band still has a stealth effect.

Disclosure of Invention

The following presents a simplified summary of the invention in order to provide a basic understanding of some aspects of the invention. It should be understood that this summary is not an exhaustive overview of the invention. It is not intended to determine the key or critical elements of the present invention, nor is it intended to limit the scope of the present invention. Its sole purpose is to present some concepts in a simplified form as a prelude to the more detailed description that is discussed later.

The invention aims to overcome the defects in the prior art, and provides a frequency selection structure and an antenna housing with the same, so as to solve the technical problems in the prior art.

The technical solution of the invention is as follows:

according to one aspect, a frequency selection structure is provided, and the frequency selection structure is composed of a plurality of periodically arranged FSS patch units, wherein any of the patch units includes a regular polygon patch, a regular polygon gap and a tertiary structure gap are sequentially arranged in the regular polygon patch from outside to inside, the regular polygon gap, the tertiary structure gap and the regular polygon patch are concentric, each side of the regular polygon gap is provided with a bidirectional diode, and three poles of the tertiary structure gap are respectively provided with a bidirectional diode.

Further, the regular polygon slit and the regular polygon patch adopt the same regular polygon.

Further, for any one side in the regular polygon slit, one side in the regular polygon patch can be found to be parallel to the regular polygon slit.

Further, the regular polygon gap is a regular hexagon gap; the regular polygon patch is a regular hexagon patch.

Further, the tertiary structure gap is a symmetrical structure and is designed as follows: including three the same rectangle gap that connects gradually, wherein, three rectangle gap is linked together, and adjacent rectangle gap contained angle is 120 degrees, bidirectional diode sets up on the rectangle gap.

Further, the width of the regular hexagon slot is the same as that of the rectangular slot in the tripolar structure.

Furthermore, the value range of the width of the regular hexagon slot and the width of the rectangular slot in the tripolar structure is 0.1-0.5 mm.

Further, the side length L of the hexagonal slot is: l ═ λ₁/6, where λ₁Is the wavelength of the X band.

Further, the side length S of the tripolar structure is: λ is S ═ λ₂/3, wherein λ₂Is the wavelength of the Ka band.

According to another aspect, a radome is also provided, which includes the frequency selective structure.

Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that: according to the frequency selection structure, the regular polygon gap and the tripolar structure gap are sequentially arranged in the patch unit from outside to inside, on the basis of ensuring that the frequency selection structure has better angle stability and polarization stability, the switch network formed by the bidirectional diodes is introduced at the same time, and the mutual switching of the wave-transparent states of the X/Ka two frequency bands is realized by conducting or cutting off the bidirectional diodes, so that the technical problem that the passband of the traditional frequency selection surface cannot be switched is solved. The characteristic of high wave-transmitting rate (the wave-transmitting rate is more than 80%) in an X/Ka frequency band is realized through the frequency selection structure design and the control of the conduction and the cut-off of the bidirectional diode, and the design idea can be popularized to the switching of the pass-band wave-transmitting state of more frequency bands; in addition, the invention can be applied to various radome structure designs such as single-layer, A interlayer, B interlayer, C interlayer and the like so as to meet different design requirements.

Drawings

The accompanying drawings, which are included to provide a further understanding of the embodiments of the invention and are incorporated in and constitute a part of this specification, illustrate embodiments of the invention and together with the description serve to explain the principles of the invention. It is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the invention, and that for a person skilled in the art, other drawings can be derived from them without inventive effort.

Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram illustrating a frequency selective structural unit provided in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention;

fig. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a stealth radome provided in an embodiment of the present invention, where 1 is an outer skin, 2 is a frequency selective layer, and 3 is an inner skin;

FIG. 3 illustrates X-band wave-transparent characteristics provided in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention;

fig. 4 shows Ka-band wave-transparent characteristics provided according to an embodiment of the present invention.

Detailed Description

It should be noted that the embodiments and features of the embodiments in the present application may be combined with each other without conflict. The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. The following description of at least one exemplary embodiment is merely illustrative in nature and is in no way intended to limit the invention, its application, or uses. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

It is noted that the terminology used herein is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting of example embodiments according to the present application. As used herein, the singular forms "a", "an" and "the" are intended to include the plural forms as well, and it should be understood that when the terms "comprises" and/or "comprising" are used in this specification, they specify the presence of stated features, steps, operations, devices, components, and/or combinations thereof, unless the context clearly indicates otherwise.

The relative arrangement of the components and steps, the numerical expressions and numerical values set forth in these embodiments do not limit the scope of the present invention unless specifically stated otherwise. Meanwhile, it should be understood that the sizes of the respective portions shown in the drawings are not drawn in an actual proportional relationship for the convenience of description. Techniques, methods, and apparatus known to those of ordinary skill in the relevant art may not be discussed in detail but are intended to be part of the specification where appropriate. In all examples shown and discussed herein, any particular value should be construed as merely illustrative, and not limiting. Thus, other examples of the exemplary embodiments may have different values. It should be noted that: like reference numbers and letters refer to like items in the following figures, and thus, once an item is defined in one figure, further discussion thereof is not required in subsequent figures.

In an embodiment of the present invention, as shown in fig. 1, a frequency selection structure is provided, where the frequency selection structure is composed of a plurality of FSS patch units arranged periodically, where any of the patch units includes a regular polygon patch, a regular polygon gap and a tertiary structure gap are sequentially arranged in the regular polygon patch from outside to inside, the regular polygon gap, the tertiary structure gap and the regular polygon patch share a center, each side of the regular polygon gap is provided with a bidirectional diode, and three poles of the tertiary structure gap are respectively provided with a bidirectional diode.

Therefore, through the frequency selection structure provided by the embodiment of the invention, the regular polygon gap and the tripolar structure gap are sequentially arranged in the patch unit from outside to inside, on the basis of ensuring that the frequency selection structure has better angle stability and polarization stability, the switch network formed by the bidirectional diodes is introduced at the same time, and the mutual switching of the wave-transparent states of the X/Ka two frequency bands is realized by conducting or cutting off the bidirectional diodes, so that the technical problem that the traditional frequency selection surface passband cannot be switched is solved.

Specifically, the embodiment of the invention realizes the effect of randomly switching the wave-transparent states on the X/Ka two frequency bands by conducting or cutting off the diodes on the regular polygon gap structure and the tripolar structure gap. When the diodes on the three-pole structure gap are conducted and the diodes on the regular polygon gap structure are cut off, the three-pole structure gap is in a conducting state and does not have a resonance effect, only the regular polygon gap structure resonates at the moment, only the X frequency band is wave-transmitting at the moment, and other frequency bands are suppressed; when the diodes on the regular polygon gap structure are conducted and the diodes on the three-pole structure gap are cut off, the regular polygon gap structure is in a conducting state and does not have a resonance effect, only the three-pole structure gap resonates at the moment, only the Ka frequency band wave-transmitting structure passes through the frequency-selective structure at the moment, and other frequency bands are inhibited; when the diodes in the regular polygon gap structure and the three-pole structure gap are cut off, the regular polygon gap structure and the three-pole structure gap can resonate, the frequency selection structure can transmit waves in the X/Ka frequency band at the moment, and the frequency selection structure is in a dual-band wave transmission state and other frequency bands are inhibited.

In the above embodiment, preferably, the FSS patch units are arranged in a honeycomb shape.

In the above embodiment, in order to ensure the stability of the frequency selection structure, the regular polygon slit and the regular polygon patch adopt the same regular polygon. Preferably, for any one side of the regular polygon slit, one side of the regular polygon patch can be found to be parallel to the regular polygon slit. That is, as shown in fig. 1, the same regular polygon slit is provided along the outer peripheral shape of the regular polygon.

Preferably, as shown in fig. 1, the regular polygon slot is a regular hexagon slot; the regular polygon patch is a regular hexagon patch.

In the above embodiment, in order to ensure the stability of the frequency selection structure and achieve a better wave-transparent effect, the gap of the tertiary structure is a symmetric structure, and is designed as follows: including three the same rectangle gap that connects gradually, wherein, three rectangle gap is linked together, and adjacent rectangle gap contained angle is 120 degrees, bidirectional diode sets up on the rectangle gap.

In the above embodiment, in order to ensure that the frequency selection structure achieves better wave-transparent effect and stability, the width of the regular hexagonal slot is the same as that of the rectangular slot in the tripolar structure. And preferably, the value range of the width of the regular hexagon slot and the width of the rectangular slot in the tripolar structure is 0.1-0.5 mm.

In the above embodiment, in order to implement wave transmission in two frequency bands of X/Ka, the side length L of the hexagonal slot is: l ═ λ₁/6, where λ₁Is the wavelength of the X band. The side length S of the tripolar structure is as follows: λ is S ═ λ₂/3, wherein λ₂Is the wavelength of the Ka band. Therefore, the side length of the tripolar structure is the longer side length of the rectangular gap.

Furthermore, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that the specific values of the above parameters may also be adjusted within the value range according to simulation to obtain the optimal effect.

In another embodiment of the present invention, as shown in fig. 2, there is further provided an antenna housing, where the antenna housing includes the frequency selective structure. Specifically, the antenna housing comprises an outer covering skin 1, a frequency selection layer 2 and an inner covering skin 3 which are sequentially arranged, wherein the frequency selection layer 2 comprises the frequency selection structure.

In order to further understand the frequency selection structure and the antenna cover provided by the present invention, the following embodiments are described in detail:

taking the technical index of wave transmission/stealth of a certain antenna housing as an example, the technical index is as follows: working frequency band: X/Ka, operating bandwidth: 500 MHz; wave transmittance: greater than or equal to 80% (within the operating bandwidth). As the radome works in a dual-band, the development scheme of the passband frequency-adjustable radar cover is shown in figures 1-2 and comprises an outer skin 1, a frequency-selective layer 2, an inner skin 3 and the like.

The frequency selection unit structure of the frequency selection layer 2 is a hexagonal patch unit structure as shown in fig. 1, wherein a regular hexagonal gap and a tripolar structure gap are sequentially embedded from outside to inside, a bidirectional diode is adopted on six sides of the hexagonal gap for conduction, a bidirectional diode is also adopted on three poles of the tripolar structure gap (three rectangular gaps with openings on one side) for conduction, and the structure adopts a honeycomb arrangement.

The preferred ratio of the frequency selection cell structure is as follows: the width of the hexagonal gap and the width of the gap of the tripolar structure are both b, and the side length L of the hexagonal gap is approximately equal to lambda₁/6, where λ₁For the wavelength of the X frequency band, the side length S of the tripolar structure is approximately equal to lambda₂/3, wherein λ₂The value range of the gap b is 0.1 mm-0.5 mm, which is the wavelength of the Ka frequency band.

Specifically, a passband frequency-adjustable structure model is established in professional electromagnetic simulation software, and comprises inner and outer skins of a radome and a frequency selection unit structure. And accurately inputting the electrical parameters (such as dielectric constant and loss tangent value) of each layer of medium in the established model. The antenna housing material is: the cover body is made of quartz reinforced polyaryne composite material.

Through optimization analysis, the thickness of the cover body is 2.8mm, b is 0.2mm, L is 5.2mm, and S is 2.8 mm.

The X/Ka passband wave-transmitting characteristics of the certain type radome prepared according to the parameters are shown in figures 3 and 4, and it can be seen that the technical indexes can be completely met: the working frequency band is X/Ka, and the working bandwidth is 500 MHz; the wave-transparent rate is more than or equal to 80 percent (within the working bandwidth).

Spatially relative terms, such as "above … …," "above … …," "above … …," "above," and the like, may be used herein for ease of description to describe one device or feature's spatial relationship to another device or feature as illustrated in the figures. It will be understood that the spatially relative terms are intended to encompass different orientations of the device in use or operation in addition to the orientation depicted in the figures. For example, if a device in the figures is turned over, devices described as "above" or "on" other devices or configurations would then be oriented "below" or "under" the other devices or configurations. Thus, the exemplary term "above … …" can include both an orientation of "above … …" and "below … …". The device may be otherwise variously oriented (rotated 90 degrees or at other orientations) and the spatially relative descriptors used herein interpreted accordingly.

It should be noted that the terms "first", "second", and the like are used to define the components, and are only used for convenience of distinguishing the corresponding components, and the terms have no special meanings unless otherwise stated, and therefore, the scope of the present invention should not be construed as being limited.

The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention, and various modifications and changes may be made by those skilled in the art. Any modification, equivalent replacement, or improvement made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

The invention has not been described in detail and is in part known to those of skill in the art.