阅读说明：本技术 一种利用废旧密胺类塑料制备表面喷射流处理用磨料的方法及应用 (Method for preparing abrasive for surface jet flow treatment by using waste melamine plastic and application ) 是由 赵洋洋 卢文壮 杜星祝 孙玉利 左敦稳 于 2020-06-22 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明针对废旧密胺类餐具回收再利用问题,提出了一种利用废旧密胺类塑料制备表面喷射流处理用磨料的方法及应用。通过预选、切条、破碎、筛分、再破碎及混料步骤制备得到满足不同使用要求的磨料颗粒。主要应用于铝合金、复合材料零件表面有机涂层射流法去除及表面涂装预处理清洁等场合。实现废旧密胺餐具的回收再利用。该方法具有制备简单、生产成本低、绿色环保等特点。(The invention provides a method for preparing an abrasive for surface jet flow treatment by using waste melamine plastic and application thereof, aiming at the problem of recycling waste melamine tableware. The abrasive particles meeting different use requirements are prepared through the steps of preselection, slitting, crushing, screening, re-crushing and mixing. The method is mainly applied to the occasions of removing organic coatings on the surfaces of aluminum alloy and composite material parts by a jet flow method, pre-treating and cleaning the surfaces by coating, and the like. The recycling of the waste melamine tableware is realized. The method has the characteristics of simple preparation, low production cost, environmental protection and the like.)

1. A method for preparing abrasive for surface jet flow treatment by using waste melamine plastic is characterized in that recovered waste melamine tableware, defective dinner plates and flash materials for manufacturing dinner plates are used as raw materials, and the melamine abrasive is prepared by pretreatment → crushing → sorting → recrushing → mixing;

preprocessing: the method comprises the steps of cleaning raw materials and removing impurities, soaking the raw materials in 0.1% sodium hydroxide solution at 80-100 ℃, stirring for 10min, and then washing with tap water; removing impurities, and removing massive metal and ceramic impurities by a flotation method;

crushing: firstly, cutting a cleaned melamine dinner plate into melamine strips with the width of 3-5 mm by using a slitter, then crushing the melamine strips by using a double-hob hobbing method, wherein the crushed melamine particles have obvious sharp edges, and the particle size of more than 90% of the melamine particles is smaller than 1mm by adjusting the clearance of the hobbing cutter;

sorting: the method comprises the following steps of (1) carrying out classification screening by using woven sieves of 20 meshes, 30 meshes, 40 meshes and 50 meshes, removing metal or ceramic particles in fine melamine particles of more than 50 meshes after classification screening by using a water flotation mode, removing metal or ceramic particles in the melamine particles of 20-50 meshes by using a 3-time movable screen elimination mode, and drying the melamine particles of various sizes after flotation and elimination screening to obtain fine primary crushing abrasive materials of more than 50 meshes of 20 meshes, 30 meshes, 40 meshes and 50 meshes;

fourthly, recrushing: crushing the sorted melamine particles with the granularity of more than 20 meshes again by adopting a hammering type crushing mode, then sorting and removing metal or ceramic impurities by adopting the sorting method, and obtaining secondary crushing abrasive after grading;

material mixing: the method is characterized in that 20-mesh, 30-mesh, 40-mesh, 50-mesh and 50-mesh or more fine melamine abrasives are mixed according to a certain proportion according to different application objects, the mixing proportion of the 20-mesh, 30-mesh and 40-mesh abrasives for removing the organic coating on the surface of the aluminum alloy part is 4:3:3, the mixing proportion of the 30-mesh and 40-mesh abrasives for removing the organic coating on the surface of the carbon fiber composite part is 3:2, the first-coated surface cleaning abrasives for the aluminum alloy and carbon fiber composite part are 40-mesh and 50-mesh, and the fine mixing proportion of the 50-mesh or more abrasive is 3:4: 3.

2. The method of claim 1, wherein the secondary abrasive and the primary abrasive are mixed such that the secondary abrasive is present in an amount of no more than 10% of the primary abrasive.

3. The method of claim 1, wherein the density of the scrap melamine tableware, the defective dinner plate and the leftover material for manufacturing the dinner plate is not less than 1.3g/cm for thin and long year cultivation, and the Mohs hardness is 3-5.

4. The melamine abrasive prepared by the method of claim 1 is used as an abrasive for jet-flow fading of organic coatings on the surfaces of aluminum alloy and carbon fiber composite parts or as an abrasive for surface jet-flow cleaning of first-coated aluminum alloy and carbon fiber composite parts.

Technical Field

The invention relates to a preparation method of an abrasive for surface jet treatment of aluminum alloy and carbon fiber composite parts, in particular to a preparation technology of a jet abrasive based on waste and old raw material recovery, and specifically relates to a method for preparing an abrasive for surface jet treatment by using waste and old melamine plastic. By utilizing the advantageous properties of the abrasive, the engineering abrasive particles meeting different use requirements are prepared.

Background

Melamine-formaldehyde resin (melamine-formaldehyde), which is a polymer obtained by reacting melamine with formaldehyde, is the main component of melamine-based plastic dinner plates and is abbreviated as MF. The cured melamine formaldehyde resin is colorless and transparent, is stable in boiling water, and can be safely used even at the high temperature of 150 ℃. The hardness of the product can reach 3-6, the product has self-extinguishing property, arc resistance and good mechanical property, and the product has heat resistance, impact resistance, bending resistance and other properties and can meet the requirements of GB9690-88 in terms of hygienic indexes. Due to the different melamine resin ratios, different types of melamine based plastics were produced, as detailed in table 1. The A1 material has strong toxicity, and not only can not be used for dinner plates, but also needs special treatment. The A5 and A8 materials can be used for dinner plates. Because melamine plastic is a thermosetting raw material, used waste dinner plates, defective dinner plates, leftover materials for manufacturing dinner plates and the like can not be recycled for reproduction, are directly discarded and are difficult to naturally degrade, and the environment is polluted by incineration and landfill treatment.

TABLE 1 Melamine plastics with different component ratios

Aiming at the problems of the fading of organic coatings on the surfaces of aluminum alloy and carbon fiber composite parts and the surface cleaning of the first coating of the aluminum alloy and carbon fiber composite parts, the traditional grinding materials (such as SiC and Al)₂O₃) The hardness is too high to easily cause damage to the substrate. The hardness of the melamine plastic can meet the use requirement, and the melamine plastic does not damage the base material.

Different from the traditional abrasive, the plastic abrasive particles have moderate hardness, not only can effectively eliminate the organic coating on the surface of the aluminum alloy and composite material parts, but also effectively avoid the damage of the particles to the aluminum alloy and composite material, and simultaneously, the particle embedding phenomenon can not occur.

In summary, there is a need for an effective treatment method for waste melamine tableware, household goods, and defective melamine dinner plates and scraps produced by enterprises. The abrasive material for surface cleaning, which is used for eliminating the organic coating on the surface of the aluminum alloy and carbon fiber composite material part and coating the aluminum alloy and carbon fiber composite material part for the first time, can be prepared through the steps of sorting, cleaning, crushing, screening, mixing and the like, so that the resource can be recycled.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to solve the problems that waste melamine tableware, articles for daily use, melamine dinner plate defective products and leftover materials produced by enterprises are easy to cause environmental pollution, and meanwhile, the surface treatment of aluminum alloy and carbon fiber composite parts is lack of ideal raw materials.

One of the technical schemes of the invention is as follows:

a method for preparing abrasive for surface jet flow treatment by using waste melamine plastic is characterized in that recovered waste melamine tableware, defective dinner plates and flash materials for manufacturing dinner plates are used as raw materials, and the melamine abrasive is prepared by pretreatment → crushing → sorting → recrushing → mixing;

preprocessing: the method comprises the steps of cleaning raw materials and removing impurities, soaking the raw materials in 0.1% sodium hydroxide solution at 80-100 ℃, stirring for 10min, and then washing with tap water; removing impurities, and removing massive metal and ceramic impurities by a flotation method;

crushing: firstly, cutting a cleaned melamine dinner plate into melamine strips with the width of 3-5 mm by using a slitter, then crushing the melamine strips by using a double-hob hobbing method, wherein the crushed melamine particles have obvious sharp edges, and the particle size of more than 90% of the melamine particles is smaller than 1mm by adjusting the clearance of the hobbing cutter;

sorting: the method comprises the following steps of (1) carrying out classification screening by using woven sieves of 20 meshes, 30 meshes, 40 meshes and 50 meshes, removing metal or ceramic particles in fine melamine particles of more than 50 meshes after classification screening by using a water flotation mode, removing metal or ceramic particles in the melamine particles of 20-50 meshes by using a 3-time movable screen elimination mode, and drying the melamine particles of various sizes after flotation and elimination screening to obtain fine primary crushing abrasive materials of more than 50 meshes of 20 meshes, 30 meshes, 40 meshes and 50 meshes;

fourthly, recrushing: crushing the sorted melamine particles with the granularity of more than 20 meshes again by adopting a hammering type crushing mode, then sorting and removing metal or ceramic impurities by adopting the sorting method, and obtaining secondary crushing abrasive after grading;

material mixing: the method is characterized in that 20-mesh, 30-mesh, 40-mesh, 50-mesh and 50-mesh or more fine melamine abrasives are mixed according to a certain proportion according to different application objects, the mixing proportion of the 20-mesh, 30-mesh and 40-mesh abrasives for removing the organic coating on the surface of the aluminum alloy part is 4:3:3, the mixing proportion of the 30-mesh and 40-mesh abrasives for removing the organic coating on the surface of the carbon fiber composite part is 3:2, the first-coated surface cleaning abrasives for the aluminum alloy and carbon fiber composite part are 40-mesh and 50-mesh, and the fine mixing proportion of the 50-mesh or more abrasive is 3:4: 3.

When the secondary abrasive and the primary abrasive are mixed for use, the content of the secondary abrasive is not more than 10 percent of that of the primary abrasive.

The density of the leftover materials of the waste melamine tableware, the defective dinner plate and the dinner plate is not lower than 1.3g/cm and the Mohs hardness is 3-5.

The second technical scheme of the invention is as follows:

the melamine abrasive prepared by the method is used as an abrasive for fading the organic coating on the surface of the aluminum alloy and carbon fiber composite part by a jet method, or is used as an abrasive for cleaning the surface of the aluminum alloy and carbon fiber composite part which is coated for the first time by the jet method.

The invention has the beneficial effects that:

1. the raw materials for preparing the particles have wide sources, the preparation process of the abrasive is simple, and the production cost is low.

2. The cleaning agent, the crusher and the vibrating screen classifier are commercialized, and the preparation process is feasible.

3. The prepared abrasive can be used for aluminum alloy and carbon fiber composite materials, other metals, composite materials and the like, and has a wide application range.

4. The preparation process is simple and can be prepared and used at the present.

5. Surface treatment: the pretreatment before the covering processing such as electroplating, paint spraying, spraying and the like ensures that the surface is clean and the adhesive force and the corrosion resistance of the covering layer are improved.

6. And (3) burr removal: and removing burrs of machined parts, plastics, rubber, bakelite products, aluminum die-cast products and the like, and finishing and removing burrs of surfaces of electronic parts, magnetic cores and the like.

7. Renovating an old part: the refurbishing and cleaning of all moving parts of airplanes, aerospace, automobiles, motorcycles, electromechanical equipment and the like can remove paint and peel.

8. Surface cleaning: industrial applications include paint film removal, coating removal, surface cleaning, and rubber mold cleaning.

9. Stress relief treatment: the cleaning, rust removal, paint removal, extinction, trimming and stress elimination of the aerospace industry, national defense weapons and the like, and the service life is prolonged.

10. Etching processing: and (3) performing surface modification etching treatment on metal, nonmetal and the like. Such as: gold, jade, crystal, agate, stamp, stone, ceramic wood, etc.

11. Electronic part processing: packaging the electronic part, removing flash of the glue, removing the printed characters on the surface of the finished product of the electronic part, fogging and etching the silicon chip, and removing the cleaning of the ceramic electric heating material by the ion on the back surface of the wafer.

12. Surface beautification: eliminating surface traces of all metal products and nonmetal products (plastic, crystal, glass and the like), and performing matte surface treatment.

13. There are other maintenance, repairs, and upkeep not mentioned. Industrial applications have shown that abrasive cleaning is a faster, more environmentally friendly means than chemical removal, and is less damaging to the substrate.

14 the prepared abrasive has high utilization rate and recyclability.

Drawings

FIG. 1 shows a 30 mesh melamine abrasive prepared according to the invention.

FIG. 2 shows a 40 mesh melamine abrasive made according to the present invention.

FIG. 3 is a graph showing the effect of the abrasive prepared according to the present invention on the organic coating treatment on the surface of the carbon fiber composite material.

FIG. 4 is a view showing the use of a conventional abrasive (Al)₂O₃) And (3) an effect graph of organic coating treatment on the surface of the carbon fiber composite material.

Detailed Description

The invention is further illustrated by the following figures and examples.