阅读说明：本技术 气相混合物的蒸汽液滴质量流量分离测量装置及测量方法 (Vapor droplet mass flow separation measuring device and method for gas-phase mixture ) 是由 臧金光 张妍 黄振 杨祖毛 胡俊 于 2020-06-22 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明公开了气相混合物的蒸汽液滴质量流量分离测量装置及测量方法,测量装置包括套管式冷凝器,所述套管式冷凝器与主气管连通,套管式冷凝器内部上方设置有汽液分离板,所述套管式冷凝器与冷却水管线连通,冷却水管线用于冷凝气相混合物中的蒸汽,冷却水管线的进水端设置有冷却水进口阀和第一温度测量计,冷却水管线的出水端设置有冷却水出口阀和第二温度测量计,套管式冷凝器的顶部和底部分别设置有不可凝气体排出管线和冷凝水排出管线,不可凝气体排出管线上设置有第二质量流量计,所述冷凝水排出管线上设置有第一质量流量计。本发明能够用于测量蒸汽混合物中的蒸汽、液滴与不可凝气体的流量测量,进而获得蒸汽混合物中的蒸汽浓度。(The invention discloses a steam drop mass flow separation measuring device and a measuring method for a gas-phase mixture, wherein the measuring device comprises a sleeve type condenser, the sleeve type condenser is communicated with a main gas pipe, a steam-liquid separation plate is arranged above the inside of the sleeve type condenser, the sleeve type condenser is communicated with a cooling water pipeline, the cooling water pipeline is used for condensing steam in the gas-phase mixture, a cooling water inlet valve and a first temperature measuring meter are arranged at the water inlet end of the cooling water pipeline, a cooling water outlet valve and a second temperature measuring meter are arranged at the water outlet end of the cooling water pipeline, a non-condensable gas discharge pipeline and a condensed water discharge pipeline are respectively arranged at the top and the bottom of the sleeve type condenser, a second mass flow meter is arranged on the non-condensable gas discharge pipeline, and a first mass flow meter is arranged on the condensed. The invention can be used for measuring the flow measurement of steam, liquid drops and non-condensable gas in the steam mixture, and further obtaining the steam concentration in the steam mixture.)

1. Steam liquid drop mass flow separation measuring device of gas phase mixture, its characterized in that, including bushing type condenser (3), bushing type condenser (3) and main trachea (1) intercommunication, main trachea (1) are used for carrying the working medium that awaits measuring, the inside top of bushing type condenser (3) is provided with vapour-liquid separation board (13) that are arranged in separating the liquid drop among the gas phase mixture, bushing type condenser (3) and cooling water pipeline (9) intercommunication, cooling water pipeline (9) are arranged in condensing the steam among the gas phase mixture, the end of intaking of cooling water pipeline (9) is provided with cooling water inlet valve (10) and first temperature measurement meter, the play water end of cooling water pipeline (9) is provided with cooling water outlet valve (11) and second temperature measurement meter, the top and the bottom of bushing type condenser (3) are provided with noncondensable gas discharge pipeline and comdensable water discharge pipeline respectively, and a second mass flow meter (8) is arranged on the non-condensable gas discharge pipeline, and a first mass flow meter (5) is arranged on the condensed water discharge pipeline.

2. The vapor-droplet mass flow separation measuring device of a gas-phase mixture according to claim 1, characterized in that a main valve (2) is provided on the main gas pipe (1).

3. The vapor droplet mass flow separation measuring device of a gas-phase mixture according to claim 1, characterized in that a drain valve (4) is arranged on the condensed water discharge line, and the drain valve (4) is arranged at the front end of the first mass flow meter (5).

4. The vapor-liquid droplet mass flow separation measuring device of a gas-phase mixture according to claim 1, characterized by further comprising a water storage tank (6), wherein the water storage tank (6) is arranged below the outlet end of the condensed water discharge line for collecting condensed water, the water storage tank (6) is placed on an online weighing meter (7), and the online weighing meter (7) is in communication connection with the data acquisition device (12).

5. The vapor-droplet mass flow separation measuring device of a gas-phase mixture according to claim 1, characterized in that the water inlet end of the cooling water line (9) is arranged at the bottom of the double pipe condenser (3) at the side far from the main gas pipe (1), and the water outlet end of the cooling water line (9) is arranged at the top of the double pipe condenser (3) at the side near to the main gas pipe (1).

6. The vapor droplet mass flow separation measurement device of a gas-phase mixture according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein the first temperature meter and the second temperature meter are both temperature sensors.

7. A measuring method of a vapor-liquid droplet mass flow separation measuring device of a gas-phase mixture based on any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized by comprising the following steps:

s1, enabling the working medium to be detected to enter the sleeve type condenser (3) through the main air pipe (1) to realize separation of non-condensable gas: liquid drops in the gas-phase mixture fall on the lower part of the sleeve type condenser (3) under the action of gravity through the gas-liquid separation plate (13), steam in the gas-phase mixture is condensed under the cooling action of the cooling water pipeline (9), condensed water is formed with the falling liquid drops after condensation and enters a condensed water discharge pipeline, and non-condensable gas enters a non-condensable gas discharge pipeline;

s2, data acquisition: collecting mass flow ms of condensed water through a first mass flowmeter (5), collecting mass flow ma of non-condensable gas through a second mass flowmeter (8), respectively measuring inlet temperature tc1 and outlet temperature tc2 of cooling water in a cooling water pipeline (9) through a first temperature measuring meter and a second temperature measuring meter, and simultaneously obtaining mass flow mc and average constant pressure specific heat capacity cp of the cooling water;

s3, calculating the mass flow of the non-condensable gas, the liquid drops and the steam in the gas-phase mixture:

s31, directly measuring the mass flow ma of the non-condensable gas by a second mass flow meter (8);

s32, the mass flow ms of the condensed water collected by the first mass flow meter (5) is the sum of the mass flow md of the liquid drops and the mass flow mv of the steam, and the mass flow ms is obtained by mass conservation:

ms＝mv+md (3)

s33, in the sleeve type condenser (3), the steam, liquid drops and non-condensable gas in the steam mixture transfer heat to cooling water, and according to energy conservation, the method comprises the following steps:

wherein Δ h is the latent heat of vaporization of the steam, T0 is the condenser inlet temperature of the steam mixture, T1 is the non-condensable gas outlet temperature;

from equations (3), (4), the mass flow of steam in the steam mixture can be found as:

the flow rate of the droplets was:

md＝ms-mv (6)。

Technical Field

The invention relates to the field of instrument measurement, in particular to a vapor droplet mass flow separation measuring device and a measuring method for a gas-phase mixture.

Background

When a reactor breach accident occurs, high-temperature and high-pressure fluid enters the containment vessel from the breach, the upstream liquid is quickly flashed to form a large amount of steam, and the steam is mixed with air in the containment vessel to form a gas-phase mixture of the steam and non-condensable gas, and liquid drops cannot be entrained in the mixture.

To prevent the pressure and temperature in the containment vessel from exceeding design limits, the vapor in the vapor phase mixture needs to be condensed. The non-condensable gas has great influence on the condensation characteristic of the steam, and is gathered near a steam-liquid interface, so that the heat transfer resistance of condensation is increased, and the heat transfer capacity of steam condensation is greatly influenced.

In order to research the influence rule of the concentration of the non-condensable gas on the condensation characteristic of the steam and provide input for the design of safety systems related to the condensation of the steam in the containment, the concentration of the steam and liquid drops in the mixture of the steam and the air needs to be obtained.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to provide a vapor-liquid droplet mass flow separation measuring device and a measuring method for a gas-phase mixture, which are used for measuring the flow of vapor, liquid droplets and non-condensable gas in the vapor mixture and further obtaining the concentration of the vapor in the vapor mixture.

The invention is realized by the following technical scheme:

the device for separating and measuring the mass flow of vapor droplets of a gas-phase mixture comprises a double-pipe condenser, wherein the double-pipe condenser is communicated with a main gas pipe, the main gas pipe is used for conveying a working medium to be measured, a vapor-liquid separation plate for separating liquid drops in a gas-phase mixture is arranged above the inside of the sleeve type condenser, the double pipe condenser is communicated with a cooling water pipeline which is used for condensing steam in the gas phase mixture, the water inlet end of the cooling water pipeline is provided with a cooling water inlet valve and a first temperature measuring meter, the water outlet end of the cooling water pipeline is provided with a cooling water outlet valve and a second temperature measuring meter, the top and the bottom of the double-pipe condenser are respectively provided with a non-condensable gas discharge pipeline and a condensed water discharge pipeline, and a second mass flow meter is arranged on the non-condensable gas discharge pipeline, and a first mass flow meter is arranged on the condensed water discharge pipeline.

The working medium to be measured is a mixed working medium of steam, liquid drops and non-condensable gas, the first mass flow meter is used for measuring the mass flow of condensed water, and the second mass flow meter is used for measuring the mass flow of the residual non-condensable gas after condensation and dehydration; the cooling water pipeline is a cooling water inlet, the cooling water inlet is connected with the sleeve type condenser through a cooling water inlet valve, heat is absorbed in the sleeve type condenser and then flows out of the sleeve type condenser through a cooling water outlet valve, the sleeve type condenser can condense all steam in a working medium, the steam-liquid separation plate is located in the upper space inside the condenser and separates liquid drops in gas, and the separated liquid drops fall on the lower portion of the sleeve type condenser due to gravity and flow into the condensed water discharge pipeline through the drain hole.

The first temperature meter and the second temperature meter are respectively used for measuring the temperature of the water inlet end and the water outlet end of the cooling water, and the first mass flow meter and the second mass flow meter are respectively used for measuring the mass flow of the condensed water and the mass flow of the non-condensable gas.

In summary, the working medium to be measured directly separates the non-condensable gas in the sleeve type condenser, the steam is condensed and then mixed with the liquid drops to form condensed water, the mass flow of the non-condensable gas is measured through the second mass flow meter, the mass flow of the condensed water is measured through the first temperature meter, the mass flow of the steam and the mass flow of the liquid drops in the condensed water are respectively obtained through the energy conservation law by obtaining the parameters of the temperature and the uniform pressure specific heat capacity of the cooling water, and thus, the flow measurement of the steam, the liquid drops and the non-condensable gas in the steam mixture is realized, and the steam concentration in the steam mixture is further obtained.

Further, a main valve is arranged on the main air pipe.

The main valve plays a role in communication and isolation.

Further, a drain valve is arranged on the condensed water discharge pipeline and is arranged at the front end of the first mass flow meter.

The trap is capable of directing condensate into a condensate drain line, the leading end being with respect to the flow direction of the condensate.

The device comprises a water storage tank, a water outlet pipe and a water outlet pipe.

The invention obtains the mass change in the water tank in real time through the online weighing meter and transmits the data to the data acquisition equipment.

According to the invention, the mass flow of the condensed water is monitored by the online weighing meter and the first mass flow meter at the same time, and finally, the average value of the mass flow of the condensed water and the mass flow of the condensed water is used as the mass flow of the condensed water, so that the accuracy of detecting the mass flow of the condensed water is improved.

Specifically, the method comprises the following steps:

obtaining the mass flow rate ms1 of the condensed water on line by using a first mass flowmeter; the change curve of the condensed water quality along with the time obtained by the online weighing meter is M (t), and the mass flow ms2 of the condensed water is as follows:

ms2＝dM(t)/dt (1)

the average value ms of the mass flow of the condensed water is obtained by utilizing ms1 and ms2

ms＝average(ms1,ms2) (2)

Furthermore, the water inlet end of the cooling water pipeline is arranged on one side, away from the main air pipe, of the bottom of the double-pipe condenser, and the water outlet end of the cooling water pipeline is arranged on one side, close to the main air pipe, of the top of the double-pipe condenser.

Further, the first temperature meter and the second temperature meter are both temperature sensors.

A measurement method of a vapor-liquid drop mass flow separation measurement device based on a gas-phase mixture comprises the following steps:

s1, enabling the working medium to be detected to enter the sleeve type condenser through the main gas pipe to realize separation of non-condensable gas: liquid drops in the gas-phase mixture fall on the lower part of the sleeve type condenser under the action of gravity through the gas-liquid separation plate, steam in the gas-phase mixture is condensed under the cooling action of the cooling water pipeline, condensed water is formed with the falling liquid drops after condensation and enters a condensed water discharge pipeline, and non-condensable gas enters a non-condensable gas discharge pipeline;

s2, data acquisition: acquiring mass flow ms of condensed water through a first mass flowmeter, acquiring mass flow ma of non-condensable gas through a second mass flowmeter, respectively measuring inlet temperature tc1 and outlet temperature tc2 of cooling water in a cooling water pipeline through a first temperature measuring meter and a second temperature measuring meter, and simultaneously acquiring mass flow mc and average constant pressure specific heat capacity cp of the cooling water;

s3, calculating the mass flow of the non-condensable gas, the liquid drops and the steam in the gas-phase mixture:

s31, directly measuring the mass flow ma of the non-condensable gas by a second mass flow meter;

s32, the mass flow ms of the condensed water collected by the first mass flow meter is the sum of the mass flow md of the liquid drops and the mass flow mv of the steam, and the mass flow ms is obtained by mass conservation:

ms＝mv+md (3)

s33, in the sleeve type condenser, the steam, liquid drops and non-condensable gas in the steam mixture transfer heat to cooling water, and according to energy conservation, the method comprises the following steps:

mc*cp*(tc2-tc1)＝mv*Δh+ md*cp*(T0-T1)+ ma*cp*(T0-T1) (4)

wherein Δ h is the latent heat of vaporization of the steam, T0 is the condenser inlet temperature of the steam mixture, T1 is the non-condensable gas outlet temperature;

from equations (3), (4), the mass flow of steam in the steam mixture can be found as:

mv＝[mc*cp*(tc2-tc1)- ma*cp*(T0-T1)- ms*cp*(T0-T1)]/[Δh-cp*(T0-T1)](5)

the flow rate of the droplets was:

md＝ms-mv (6)。

compared with the prior art, the invention has the following advantages and beneficial effects:

1. the working medium to be measured is directly separated from the non-condensable gas in the sleeve type condenser, the steam is condensed and then mixed with the liquid drops to form condensed water, the mass flow of the non-condensable gas is measured through the second mass flow meter, the mass flow of the condensed water is measured through the first temperature meter, the mass flow of the steam and the mass flow of the liquid drops in the condensed water are respectively obtained through the energy conservation law by obtaining the parameters of the temperature and the uniform pressure-specific heat capacity of the cooling water, and thus the flow measurement of the steam, the liquid drops and the non-condensable gas in the steam mixture is realized, and the steam concentration in the steam mixture is further obtained.

2. The invention can simultaneously measure the flow of liquid drops, steam and non-condensable gas, solves the problem of flow measurement of the mixture of the steam, the liquid drops and the non-condensable gas, can measure the steam concentration in the steam mixture, and provides a means for measuring the steam concentration in the related experiment of the containment vessel.

3. The measuring device has simple structure, and the measuring method is simple and reliable.

Drawings

The accompanying drawings, which are included to provide a further understanding of the embodiments of the invention and are incorporated in and constitute a part of this application, illustrate embodiment(s) of the invention and together with the description serve to explain the principles of the invention. In the drawings:

fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a vapor-liquid droplet mass flow separation measuring device.

Reference numbers and corresponding part names in the drawings:

1-main gas pipe, 2-main valve, 3-sleeve type condenser, 4-drain valve, 5-first mass flowmeter, 6-water storage tank, 7-online weighing meter, 8-second mass flowmeter, 9-cooling water pipeline, 10-cooling water inlet valve, 11-cooling water outlet valve, 12-data acquisition equipment and 13-gas-liquid separation plate.

Detailed Description

In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent, the present invention is further described in detail below with reference to examples and accompanying drawings, and the exemplary embodiments and descriptions thereof are only used for explaining the present invention and are not meant to limit the present invention.